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Changes of the brain activity related to the differences in manner of articulation
S174
P2-h26
Neural mechanisms resolution—An MEG study
Abstracts / Neuroscience Research 58S (2007) S1–S244
of
the
lexically
ambiguity
Aya Ihara 1 , Tomoe Hayakawa 1,2 , Qiang Wei 1,3 , Shinji Munetsuna 1,3 , Norio Fujimaki 1,3 1 Biological ICT Group, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Kobe, Japan; 2 Department of Psychology, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan; 3 Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu, Japan We measured neuromagnetic signals during the semantic judgment of lexically ambiguous or disambiguous words following semantically related or unrelated words to clarify the neural mechanisms of the lexically ambiguity resolution. The activities in the left anterior inferior frontal cortex were larger for ambiguous words than for disambiguous ones at approximately 200–300 ms, suggesting that multiple meanings for ambiguous words are accessed independent of context. At around 400 ms, the activities in the left posterior inferior frontal cortex showed a clear context effect (unrelated > related) for disambiguous words but not for ambiguous ones, and were stronger for related ambiguous words than for related disambiguous ones. The results suggest that the left posterior inferior frontal cortex plays an important role in selecting an appropriate meaning as the contextual integration.
P2-h27 Changes of the brain activity related to the differences in manner of articulation
P2-h29 Difference in neural distributions between face-to-face and remote situations in a communicative game Tatsuhiko Sekiguchi 1 , Koji Iida 2 , Hideaki Kawabata 3 , Shiro Itai 2 , Takabumi Watanabe 2 , Yoshiyuki Miwa 2 1 Honda Research Institute Japan Co. Ltd., Wako, Japan; 2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan; 3 Department of Education, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan In order to understand the difference between face-to-face and remote communication, brain activation were compared using fMRI. Participants (n = 11) were instructed to play the rock-scissors-paper game against an opponent in a scanner room in face-to-face situation and against another opponent in an operation room via a video system in remote situation. The fMRI observation revealed that the several brain regions including the right anterior cingulate cortex (ACC;BA10), the left superior occipital gyrus (BA31) and the bilateral inferior temporal gyrus (BA37), were activated during the game. In addition, the right ACC (BA10) and the bilateral occipital (BA37) areas showed larger activity in the face-to-face situation. The activation observed at ACC is known to relate to mentalizing process and the result suggests that the mentalizing process works stronger in the face-to-face situation.
P2-h31 A longitudinal fMRI study of neural plasticity in the second language lexical processing
Shinya Uchida 1,2,3 , Naoki Miura 2,4 , Katsuki Nakamura 3,4 , Kazunori Sato 1 , Hiroshi Fukuda 1 , Ryuta Kawashima 2,5 1 Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiology, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan; 2 Department of Functional Brain Imaging, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan; 3 Department of Animal Models and Human Diseases, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan; 4 CREST, JST, Kawaguchi, Japan; 5 RISTEX, JST, Kawaguchi, Japan
Satoru Yokoyama 1 , Jungho Kim 3,4 , Shin-Ya Uchida 1 , Hideyuki Okamoto 1 , Chen Bai 6 , Noriaki Yusa 5 , Tadao Miyamoto 2 , Kei Yoshimoto 2 , Kaoru Horie 2 , Shigeru Sato 2 , Ryuta Kawashima 1 1 IDAC, Tohoku University, Japan; 2 GSICS, Tohoku University, Japan; 3 Graduate School of Arts and Letters, Tohoku University, Japan; 4 JSPS, Japan; 5 Department of English, Miyagi Gakuin Women’s University, Japan; 6 COE Program, Tohoku University, Japan
Differences between consonants of stop and fricative were known from perspectives of language development and acquired language disorder. However, neural mechanisms underlying these were unclear. We measured brain activity for speech motor control for stop and fricative consonants using [t] and [s], respectively, by functional MRI. The results showed significantly higher activation in the supplementary motor area, bilateral operculum extended into insula and superior temporal gyrus, bilateral supramarginal gyrus and the bilateral cerebellum during speech of [s] compared with [t]. These brain regions may have important role for production of different speech sounds even using with the same articulator.
The present fMRI study investigated whether brain activities for their second language (L2) lexical processing changes when proficiency level of L2 learners increases. Firstly, we measured brain activities for L2 lexical decision task by six non-fluent Chinese learners of Japanese. After three months, we measured those by the same subjects using the same paradigm. Imaging data were analyzed using SPM2. While the second measurement showed greater activation in the left inferior frontal gyrus, but less activation in the left intra-parietal sulcus, insula, and the right cerebellum than the first measurement. These results indicate that when proficiency level of L2 learners increases, cortical representation for the lexical processing changes. Research fund: JST/RISTEX, JST/CREST, 21st COE Program
P2-h28 Reanalysis in Japanese sentence comprehension: An fMRI study
P2-h33 Dramatic decrease in new neurons in the dentate
Naho Ikuta 1 , Satoru Yokoyama 1 , Hyeonjeong Jeong 1 , Motoaki Sugiura 2 , Kaoru Horie 3 , Shigeru Sato 3 , Ryuta Kawashima 1 1 Department of Functional Brain Imaging, IDAC, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan; 2 Department of Cerebral Research, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan; 3 GSICS, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
Ken Aizawa 1 , Naohide Ageyama 2 , Chihiro Yokoyama 3 , Keiji Terao 2 , Tatsuhiro Hisatsune 1 1 Department of Integrated Bioscience, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan; 2 Tsukuba Primate Research Center, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Japan; 3 Functional Probe Research Laboratory, Molecular Imaging Research Program, RIKEN Kobe Institute, Japan
The aim of this study was to specify brain regions associated with reanalysis of Japanese sentences. In this experiment, four different types of sentences that is, coordination (normal), object relative (syntactically complex), reanalysis and filler sentences were visually presented to subjects and measured brain activation using fMRI. For each condition versus null condition, similar regions were activated. But, direct comparison between reanalysis versus object relative analysis showed significant activation in the medial aspect of left superior frontal gyrus and right intra parietal sulcus. Therefore, we demonstrated that there are neural substrates, medial aspect of left superior frontal gyrus and right intra parietal sulcus, specifically associated with reanalysis aside from syntactically complex sentence. Research fund: JST/RISTEX, JST/CREST, the 21st COE Program (Tohoku University), and KAKENHI (17652039)
gyrus of learning attenuated aged monkeys
Aging induces several cognitive impairments without any neurological disorders. However, pathogenic mechanisms of these cognitive impairments with aging remain unclear. In this study, we report learning deficits using visual pattern discrimination task, and several neurological differences with aged Macaca fascicularis. We counted the number of the cells, which express NeuroD (neuronal determination factor) and Doublecortin (migrating neuronal factor) with immunofluorescent staining. The number of NeuroD/Doublecortin positive cells significantly decreases in dentate gyrus of aged monkeys compared with young monkeys. This indicates some type of immature neuron dominantly descends in dentate gyrus with aging. This dramatically decreasing of new neurons in aged monkeys may effects attenuation of learning performance with aging. Research fund: KAKENHI
P2-h26
Neural mechanisms resolution—An MEG study
Abstracts / Neuroscience Research 58S (2007) S1–S244
of
the
lexically
ambiguity
Aya Ihara 1 , Tomoe Hayakawa 1,2 , Qiang Wei 1,3 , Shinji Munetsuna 1,3 , Norio Fujimaki 1,3 1 Biological ICT Group, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Kobe, Japan; 2 Department of Psychology, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan; 3 Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu, Japan We measured neuromagnetic signals during the semantic judgment of lexically ambiguous or disambiguous words following semantically related or unrelated words to clarify the neural mechanisms of the lexically ambiguity resolution. The activities in the left anterior inferior frontal cortex were larger for ambiguous words than for disambiguous ones at approximately 200–300 ms, suggesting that multiple meanings for ambiguous words are accessed independent of context. At around 400 ms, the activities in the left posterior inferior frontal cortex showed a clear context effect (unrelated > related) for disambiguous words but not for ambiguous ones, and were stronger for related ambiguous words than for related disambiguous ones. The results suggest that the left posterior inferior frontal cortex plays an important role in selecting an appropriate meaning as the contextual integration.
P2-h27 Changes of the brain activity related to the differences in manner of articulation
P2-h29 Difference in neural distributions between face-to-face and remote situations in a communicative game Tatsuhiko Sekiguchi 1 , Koji Iida 2 , Hideaki Kawabata 3 , Shiro Itai 2 , Takabumi Watanabe 2 , Yoshiyuki Miwa 2 1 Honda Research Institute Japan Co. Ltd., Wako, Japan; 2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan; 3 Department of Education, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan In order to understand the difference between face-to-face and remote communication, brain activation were compared using fMRI. Participants (n = 11) were instructed to play the rock-scissors-paper game against an opponent in a scanner room in face-to-face situation and against another opponent in an operation room via a video system in remote situation. The fMRI observation revealed that the several brain regions including the right anterior cingulate cortex (ACC;BA10), the left superior occipital gyrus (BA31) and the bilateral inferior temporal gyrus (BA37), were activated during the game. In addition, the right ACC (BA10) and the bilateral occipital (BA37) areas showed larger activity in the face-to-face situation. The activation observed at ACC is known to relate to mentalizing process and the result suggests that the mentalizing process works stronger in the face-to-face situation.
P2-h31 A longitudinal fMRI study of neural plasticity in the second language lexical processing
Shinya Uchida 1,2,3 , Naoki Miura 2,4 , Katsuki Nakamura 3,4 , Kazunori Sato 1 , Hiroshi Fukuda 1 , Ryuta Kawashima 2,5 1 Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiology, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan; 2 Department of Functional Brain Imaging, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan; 3 Department of Animal Models and Human Diseases, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan; 4 CREST, JST, Kawaguchi, Japan; 5 RISTEX, JST, Kawaguchi, Japan
Satoru Yokoyama 1 , Jungho Kim 3,4 , Shin-Ya Uchida 1 , Hideyuki Okamoto 1 , Chen Bai 6 , Noriaki Yusa 5 , Tadao Miyamoto 2 , Kei Yoshimoto 2 , Kaoru Horie 2 , Shigeru Sato 2 , Ryuta Kawashima 1 1 IDAC, Tohoku University, Japan; 2 GSICS, Tohoku University, Japan; 3 Graduate School of Arts and Letters, Tohoku University, Japan; 4 JSPS, Japan; 5 Department of English, Miyagi Gakuin Women’s University, Japan; 6 COE Program, Tohoku University, Japan
Differences between consonants of stop and fricative were known from perspectives of language development and acquired language disorder. However, neural mechanisms underlying these were unclear. We measured brain activity for speech motor control for stop and fricative consonants using [t] and [s], respectively, by functional MRI. The results showed significantly higher activation in the supplementary motor area, bilateral operculum extended into insula and superior temporal gyrus, bilateral supramarginal gyrus and the bilateral cerebellum during speech of [s] compared with [t]. These brain regions may have important role for production of different speech sounds even using with the same articulator.
The present fMRI study investigated whether brain activities for their second language (L2) lexical processing changes when proficiency level of L2 learners increases. Firstly, we measured brain activities for L2 lexical decision task by six non-fluent Chinese learners of Japanese. After three months, we measured those by the same subjects using the same paradigm. Imaging data were analyzed using SPM2. While the second measurement showed greater activation in the left inferior frontal gyrus, but less activation in the left intra-parietal sulcus, insula, and the right cerebellum than the first measurement. These results indicate that when proficiency level of L2 learners increases, cortical representation for the lexical processing changes. Research fund: JST/RISTEX, JST/CREST, 21st COE Program
P2-h28 Reanalysis in Japanese sentence comprehension: An fMRI study
P2-h33 Dramatic decrease in new neurons in the dentate
Naho Ikuta 1 , Satoru Yokoyama 1 , Hyeonjeong Jeong 1 , Motoaki Sugiura 2 , Kaoru Horie 3 , Shigeru Sato 3 , Ryuta Kawashima 1 1 Department of Functional Brain Imaging, IDAC, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan; 2 Department of Cerebral Research, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan; 3 GSICS, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
Ken Aizawa 1 , Naohide Ageyama 2 , Chihiro Yokoyama 3 , Keiji Terao 2 , Tatsuhiro Hisatsune 1 1 Department of Integrated Bioscience, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan; 2 Tsukuba Primate Research Center, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Japan; 3 Functional Probe Research Laboratory, Molecular Imaging Research Program, RIKEN Kobe Institute, Japan
The aim of this study was to specify brain regions associated with reanalysis of Japanese sentences. In this experiment, four different types of sentences that is, coordination (normal), object relative (syntactically complex), reanalysis and filler sentences were visually presented to subjects and measured brain activation using fMRI. For each condition versus null condition, similar regions were activated. But, direct comparison between reanalysis versus object relative analysis showed significant activation in the medial aspect of left superior frontal gyrus and right intra parietal sulcus. Therefore, we demonstrated that there are neural substrates, medial aspect of left superior frontal gyrus and right intra parietal sulcus, specifically associated with reanalysis aside from syntactically complex sentence. Research fund: JST/RISTEX, JST/CREST, the 21st COE Program (Tohoku University), and KAKENHI (17652039)
gyrus of learning attenuated aged monkeys
Aging induces several cognitive impairments without any neurological disorders. However, pathogenic mechanisms of these cognitive impairments with aging remain unclear. In this study, we report learning deficits using visual pattern discrimination task, and several neurological differences with aged Macaca fascicularis. We counted the number of the cells, which express NeuroD (neuronal determination factor) and Doublecortin (migrating neuronal factor) with immunofluorescent staining. The number of NeuroD/Doublecortin positive cells significantly decreases in dentate gyrus of aged monkeys compared with young monkeys. This indicates some type of immature neuron dominantly descends in dentate gyrus with aging. This dramatically decreasing of new neurons in aged monkeys may effects attenuation of learning performance with aging. Research fund: KAKENHI