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Communication: General
Public Relations Review, 24 (PR Bibliography): 7-9 ISSN: 0363-8111
Copyright 0 1998 by JAI Press Inc. All rights of reproduction in any form reserved.
Communication: General JOURNALS Breen, Micheal J. “A Cook, A Cardinal, His Priests, and the Press: Deviance as a Trigger for Intermedia Agenda Setting,” Jownalism ~9 Mass Communication Qzuwter@ ~74112, pp. 348-356, Summer 1997. Shows the intermedia agenda-setting effect when deviance from a social norm is at stake. Agenda-setting studies in the past have shown that those most prone to agenda-setting effects are those who are neither politically active nor strongly affiliated with a political party. Through content analysis, studied the effect of ensuing media stories following a breaking story on deviance, for a certain group, in this case, members of the Catholic clergy. The social issue studied was sexual abuse. Showed that newspapers dealt negatively with clergy in stories not directly related to the triggering events and stories.
Brink, Alice. “One Simple Question,” Communication Wmld v14n1, pp. 25-27, Dee 1996-Jan 1997. Maintains only when communicators fully understand up front why they are communicating can they know whether they are succeeding or not. Finds communicators often lack persistence in identifying what they are trying to accomplish. Believes communication goals should advance the organization’s goals. Also maintains sound communication objectives are based on audience response and advancing business goals.
Brown, David H. ‘The Missing Why? Chromosome of Meetings, Training, Communication,” Communication Wmld v14n1, pp. 28-29, Dee 1996Jan 1997. Says if communicators measure their sucess in meeting deadlines, getting column inches in the print media or obtaining air time on radio or television, they are not measuring function. Recommends setting goals that relate to the bottom line in terms management can understand. Believes communicators must be functionally precise; their goal must be tied directly to the bottom line, and their implementation has to follow that line.
1998
7
Public
RelutionsReview
Buttny, Richard. “Reported Speech in Talking Race on Campus,” Human Communication Research v23n4, pp. 477-506, June 1997. Uses reported speech in discussions of race. Study found that African Americans portray Whites as unwilling to admit racism, as stereotyping, or as being duplicitous in intergroup relations. Whites, on the other hand, frame African Americans as exaggerating racism or as overemphasizing ethnicity. Representing others’ actions through invoking their words becomes a way of criticizing, challenging, or resisting troublesome racialized events. Maintains that students say segregation on campuses continues indirectly as students self-select out of contact with those of another race.
Calvert, Clay. “Hate Speech and Its Harms: A Communication Theory Perspective,” Journal of Communication v47n1, p.19, Winter 1997. Contrasts two communication models in interpretation of hate speech: the transmission model directs attention of courts and legislative bodies to effects of hate speech, such as emotional and behavioral changes in recipients, whereas the ritual model illustrates the reinforcement of racist attitudes and disparate treatment of minorities that occurs with the repetitive use of hate speech. While the latter may provide heuristic support, it runs into problems with First Amendment issues. Many university hate speech codes have run into trouble and been struck down on First Amendment rights.
Gaziano, Cecilie. “Forecast 2000: Widening Knowledge Gaps,” Joumzalism & Mass Communication Quarterly ~74112, pp. 237-264, Summer 1997. Maintains that socioeconomic prospects for the nation’s “have-not? diminished severely in the 1970s and the 198Os, and that the 1990s did not reverse the trend. Factors noted as contributing to the disparity were changes in family structure, changes in marital and nonmarital birth rates, increased entry of well-educated women into the labor force, and socioeconomic differentials between cities and suburbs, as well as the West and South of the United States versus the North and the Midwest. Maintains that historical patterns of rising socioeconomic inequalities show major social unrest accompanying SES gaps. Understanding should be particularly helpful to Public Affairs and health areas.
Leets, Laura; Giles, Howard. ‘Words as Weapons-When Do They Wound? Investigations of Harmful Speech,” Human Communication Research v24n2, pp. 260-301, Dee 1997. Combines law and communication literatures to examine racist speech. Selected for study were the tort of intentional infliction of emotional distress, and an intergroup theory, social identity theory. Target for study was Asian Americans. Results showed that out-group members attributed direct messages of racism as more harmful, while ingroup members evaluated indirect messages of racism to be more harmful. Discusses implications for law.
Perlmutter, David D. “Manufacturing Visions of Society and History in Textbooks,” Journal of Communication v47n3, pp. 68-81, Summer 1997. Notes that the public school system has become a battleground for the control of public culture. Claims social science textbooks have become objects of contention for those trying to engineer particular values and views and the United States and world societies and their origins. Shows how political correctness and culture centers around what should and should not be included in such texts. Interviews with 43 employees of major publishers showed that, in the area of social concerns, employees were more conscious of
8
Vol. 24
PR Bibliography
trying “not to offend anyone.” Maintains textbook creators employ images as shorthand to illustrate whole events, eras, or ideas neatly. Russell,
Dennis.
‘Ten
University
Hate-Speech
Codes:
The
Problems
of Vague-
Overbreadth, and Content Regulation,” SouthwesternMass CommunicationJournal v13n1, pp. 68-79, Spring 1997. Maintains the growing number of incidents of overt bigotry on university campuses, including language, spray-painted graffiti, fraternity pranks, fliers and posters, that target minority groups for vilification, have prompted adoption of univerity codes. Maintains the ten codes studied share attempts to rally around the fighting-words doctrine and the speech-action distinction for legal justification. These codes interpret bigoted expression as a form of speech plus, in that it represents action of conduct beyond speech. ness,
Seiter, John S. “Honest or Deceitful? A Study of Persons’ Mental Models for Judging Veracity,” Human Communication Research ~24~2, pp. 2X-259, Dee 1997. Promotes theoretical understanding of cognition’s role in the process of deception detection. Shows how information regarding deception is cognitively represented and suggests that detection of deception is intricate. Illustrates ways in which all information sources can be integrated to judge deception. In addition to verbal and nonverbal information, showed the importance of knowledge and inference in forming impressions of deceit.
BOOKS Mickey,
Thomas
J. Sociodrama: An
Interpretative Theoryj6r the Practice of Public
Relations. Lanham,
MD: University Press of America, Inc. 1997. 136 pp. Looks at public relations as a form of interaction. Describes sociodrama’s focus on language as the way to constitute the organization. Explains how this theory proposes elements and levels of a drama present in language. Relies on two research methodologies: focus groups and Q sort, Practitioner may use knowledge gained to interact in a way to build a relationship with publics.
1998
9
Copyright 0 1998 by JAI Press Inc. All rights of reproduction in any form reserved.
Communication: General JOURNALS Breen, Micheal J. “A Cook, A Cardinal, His Priests, and the Press: Deviance as a Trigger for Intermedia Agenda Setting,” Jownalism ~9 Mass Communication Qzuwter@ ~74112, pp. 348-356, Summer 1997. Shows the intermedia agenda-setting effect when deviance from a social norm is at stake. Agenda-setting studies in the past have shown that those most prone to agenda-setting effects are those who are neither politically active nor strongly affiliated with a political party. Through content analysis, studied the effect of ensuing media stories following a breaking story on deviance, for a certain group, in this case, members of the Catholic clergy. The social issue studied was sexual abuse. Showed that newspapers dealt negatively with clergy in stories not directly related to the triggering events and stories.
Brink, Alice. “One Simple Question,” Communication Wmld v14n1, pp. 25-27, Dee 1996-Jan 1997. Maintains only when communicators fully understand up front why they are communicating can they know whether they are succeeding or not. Finds communicators often lack persistence in identifying what they are trying to accomplish. Believes communication goals should advance the organization’s goals. Also maintains sound communication objectives are based on audience response and advancing business goals.
Brown, David H. ‘The Missing Why? Chromosome of Meetings, Training, Communication,” Communication Wmld v14n1, pp. 28-29, Dee 1996Jan 1997. Says if communicators measure their sucess in meeting deadlines, getting column inches in the print media or obtaining air time on radio or television, they are not measuring function. Recommends setting goals that relate to the bottom line in terms management can understand. Believes communicators must be functionally precise; their goal must be tied directly to the bottom line, and their implementation has to follow that line.
1998
7
Public
RelutionsReview
Buttny, Richard. “Reported Speech in Talking Race on Campus,” Human Communication Research v23n4, pp. 477-506, June 1997. Uses reported speech in discussions of race. Study found that African Americans portray Whites as unwilling to admit racism, as stereotyping, or as being duplicitous in intergroup relations. Whites, on the other hand, frame African Americans as exaggerating racism or as overemphasizing ethnicity. Representing others’ actions through invoking their words becomes a way of criticizing, challenging, or resisting troublesome racialized events. Maintains that students say segregation on campuses continues indirectly as students self-select out of contact with those of another race.
Calvert, Clay. “Hate Speech and Its Harms: A Communication Theory Perspective,” Journal of Communication v47n1, p.19, Winter 1997. Contrasts two communication models in interpretation of hate speech: the transmission model directs attention of courts and legislative bodies to effects of hate speech, such as emotional and behavioral changes in recipients, whereas the ritual model illustrates the reinforcement of racist attitudes and disparate treatment of minorities that occurs with the repetitive use of hate speech. While the latter may provide heuristic support, it runs into problems with First Amendment issues. Many university hate speech codes have run into trouble and been struck down on First Amendment rights.
Gaziano, Cecilie. “Forecast 2000: Widening Knowledge Gaps,” Joumzalism & Mass Communication Quarterly ~74112, pp. 237-264, Summer 1997. Maintains that socioeconomic prospects for the nation’s “have-not? diminished severely in the 1970s and the 198Os, and that the 1990s did not reverse the trend. Factors noted as contributing to the disparity were changes in family structure, changes in marital and nonmarital birth rates, increased entry of well-educated women into the labor force, and socioeconomic differentials between cities and suburbs, as well as the West and South of the United States versus the North and the Midwest. Maintains that historical patterns of rising socioeconomic inequalities show major social unrest accompanying SES gaps. Understanding should be particularly helpful to Public Affairs and health areas.
Leets, Laura; Giles, Howard. ‘Words as Weapons-When Do They Wound? Investigations of Harmful Speech,” Human Communication Research v24n2, pp. 260-301, Dee 1997. Combines law and communication literatures to examine racist speech. Selected for study were the tort of intentional infliction of emotional distress, and an intergroup theory, social identity theory. Target for study was Asian Americans. Results showed that out-group members attributed direct messages of racism as more harmful, while ingroup members evaluated indirect messages of racism to be more harmful. Discusses implications for law.
Perlmutter, David D. “Manufacturing Visions of Society and History in Textbooks,” Journal of Communication v47n3, pp. 68-81, Summer 1997. Notes that the public school system has become a battleground for the control of public culture. Claims social science textbooks have become objects of contention for those trying to engineer particular values and views and the United States and world societies and their origins. Shows how political correctness and culture centers around what should and should not be included in such texts. Interviews with 43 employees of major publishers showed that, in the area of social concerns, employees were more conscious of
8
Vol. 24
PR Bibliography
trying “not to offend anyone.” Maintains textbook creators employ images as shorthand to illustrate whole events, eras, or ideas neatly. Russell,
Dennis.
‘Ten
University
Hate-Speech
Codes:
The
Problems
of Vague-
Overbreadth, and Content Regulation,” SouthwesternMass CommunicationJournal v13n1, pp. 68-79, Spring 1997. Maintains the growing number of incidents of overt bigotry on university campuses, including language, spray-painted graffiti, fraternity pranks, fliers and posters, that target minority groups for vilification, have prompted adoption of univerity codes. Maintains the ten codes studied share attempts to rally around the fighting-words doctrine and the speech-action distinction for legal justification. These codes interpret bigoted expression as a form of speech plus, in that it represents action of conduct beyond speech. ness,
Seiter, John S. “Honest or Deceitful? A Study of Persons’ Mental Models for Judging Veracity,” Human Communication Research ~24~2, pp. 2X-259, Dee 1997. Promotes theoretical understanding of cognition’s role in the process of deception detection. Shows how information regarding deception is cognitively represented and suggests that detection of deception is intricate. Illustrates ways in which all information sources can be integrated to judge deception. In addition to verbal and nonverbal information, showed the importance of knowledge and inference in forming impressions of deceit.
BOOKS Mickey,
Thomas
J. Sociodrama: An
Interpretative Theoryj6r the Practice of Public
Relations. Lanham,
MD: University Press of America, Inc. 1997. 136 pp. Looks at public relations as a form of interaction. Describes sociodrama’s focus on language as the way to constitute the organization. Explains how this theory proposes elements and levels of a drama present in language. Relies on two research methodologies: focus groups and Q sort, Practitioner may use knowledge gained to interact in a way to build a relationship with publics.
1998
9