Confiabilidad del cuestionario de salud SF-36 en pacientes postinfarto agudo del miocardio procedentes de Cartagena de Indias, Colombia

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ANTECEDENTES: el cuestionario SF-36 es uno de los instrumentos genéricos más utilizados en estudios que miden el impacto sobre la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en distintas poblaciones de pacientes. Sin embargo, no se conoce su consistencia interna en pacientes con infarto agudo del miocardio en diferentes grupos de edad y sexo de cuatro unidades de cuidado intensivo de Cartagena de Indias, Colombia. OBJETIVO: determinar la confiabilidad del cuestionario de salud SF-36, para evaluar la calidad de vida de los pacientes post-infarto agudo del miocardio, provenientes de cuatro unidades de cuidado intensivo de la ciudad en mención. MÉTODO: se diseñó un estudio metodológico que abordó el desarrollo, así como la validación y evaluación del instrumento. Un grupo de cien pacientes post-infarto diligenció el cuestionario SF-36. La confiabilidad se determinó mediante la prueba de alfa de Cronbach que mide la consistencia de las escalas por patrón de respuestas politómicas. RESULTADOS: la confiabilidad del cuestionario SF-36 de salud obtuvo un coeficiente de alfa de Cronbach con valores que oscilan entre 0,74 a 0,93. CONCLUSIONES: el cuestionario SF-36 es confiable para evaluar la calidad de vida en salud en pacientes que han sufrido un infarto agudo del miocardio. PALABRAS CLAVE: cuestionario SF-36, pacientes, post-infarto, estudios de validación.

BACKGROUND: the SF-36 survey questionnaire is one of the most widely used generic instruments in studies for measuring the impact on quality of life in relation to the health in different patient populations. However, its internal consistency in patients with acute myocardial infarction in different age and sex groups of four ICUs in the city of Cartagena, Colombia, is not known. OBJECTIVE: to determine the reliability of the SF-36 health questionnaire in order to assess life quality in patients after acute myocardial infarct in four ICUs in the city of Cartagena.

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METHOD: we designed a methodological study that addressed the development as well as the validation and evaluation of the instrument. A group of 100 patients who developed acute myocardial infarction filled out the SF-36 questionnaire. The reliability was determined by the Cronbach's alpha test that measures the consistency of scales through polytomic pattern responses. RESULTS: the reliability of the SF-36 health test obtained a Cronbach alpha coefficient with values ranging from 0.74 to 0.93. CONCLUSIONS: the SF-36 is reliable for assessing the life quality in patients who have suffered an acute myocardial infarct. KEY WORDS: SF-36 test, patients, post-acute myocardial infarct, validation studies.

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