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Design and construction of large underground caverns — a Himalayan experience
162A Special design considerations for the pressure tunnels, rock slopes and the cavern excavation, the main problems arising and the means of overcoming them are described. 864275 D a ~ n m l c o m m e r c e of h u ~ mdeqlro~d caverns - a Himalayan experience
Chauhan, R L; Chauhan, R S In: Ttutm~k~ '&5 (paper to tl~ co~jevesee, Beiglit~, 10-15 Mesrek 195J) P127-134. Publ London: IMM, 1985 The excavation of five large power house caverns in the Himalayas is described, with particular reference to support. The rocks are seen to be difficult and unpredictable, necessitating detailed and extensive site investigations. The use of different formulae to calculate rock loads on support is examined. 864276
s~m~ t m m m q in ~ o r md, Carisson, A; Olsson, T; grille, H In: Tmmdlk~ '85 (paper to tke co~¢raee, Brightom, 10-15 M u c h 1955) P149-157. Publ London: IMM, 1985 Four sub-aqueous rock tunnels were driven for the Forsmark Power station and its waste repository on the east coast of Sweden. The tunnels in gneiss granite pass through a 200m wide region of tectonic disturbance, the Singn fault. Comprehensive site investigation included seismic profiting, core logging, water injection and falling head tests. Experience demonstrates the unreliability of all forecasts of rock conditions in such poor rock and the need to be able to continuously modify design as the project proceeds. It also demonstrates, however, that well planned site investigation and feedback of experience contribute greatly towards the solutions of problems met during construction.
Mines See also: 864166, 864187, 864188, 864192 864277 Conv~rl[enee meter. Technical note Stacey, T R; Wrench, B P Can Gemech J V22, N4, Nov 1985, 1'604-607 A simple, robust, telescopic instrument for accurately determining closure of mine stopes is described. Small rock movements between permanent studs are measured, the instrument itself being taken away when not in use. 864278
864279 Stati~kal ~ of ~ rosdways d d o r m s t i ~ data in theUK Wells, B T; Singh, R N lnt J Min ~ V3, N4, Dee 1985, P261-270 The uniformity of measurements of deformation in underground coal mine roadways is discussed. Hence the validity of using such results for predicting the likely behaviour of similar workings is examined. It is further attempted to isolate those geological and mining parameters which influence closure. These results are compared with those from West Germany and France. Auth. 86428O Physical modal of an ~ coal mime ~ r O t ~ l ~ Technical note Singh, T N; Farmer, I W lnt J Min F,qmg V3, ?¢4, Dec 1985, P319-326 A large physical model was constructed and simulated qualitative ground movement above a retreating longwall face in a shallow coal mine with comidm'able a c e ~ , after modification to allow for scale effects. It was considered that in prototype geometries such as mines where strata deformation involves rock fracture, the use of physical models may have advantages over other types of models. 864281 l~lar eouU~ ~ d the d'ecls of Imck-lUlim8 mqPlLImtat K ~ i d ~ Yamatomi, J; Kotake, Y Int J Rock Meek M S Sei V23, NI, Feb 1986. P41-53 In order to average crude ore grade and improve total production at Kosaka Mine, Japan, upper h~h grmte and lower poor grade portions have been rnined simultaneously, by the conventional 'underhand cut and fill mining method with artificial roof" and a new method, "overb~__dcut and fin mining method with pillars', respectively. Since the new method has never been attempted before in such mines and as the mine pillars become slender as the mining stopes move upward, several in situ measurements for monitoring of the behaviour of the mine pillars have been carried out. Also, the interaction between the upper and lower StOl~ has been analyzed by the elastic FEM, and the support effect of filling has been clarified by non-linear FEM taking strain-softening into consideration. Based on field numsurements and theoretical analyses, one of the stock-shaped ore bodies was successfully stoped. The operating efficiency was improved by a factor of three and a cost reduction of 40% was achieved.
wave trmmmlmtm stmly in tim NeweasOe Coal Meamr~, Australia Mason, I; Greenhalgh, S; Hatherly, P G e o ¢ x l ~ m l i ~ 1/23, N3. Sept 1985, 1'395-413
864282 InereJq tim extraetlm mlio at Y m m / m ~ m i ~ Mme~t~ ~ of Iklllm u m m m m ~ Saito,T, Araki, H; Kameoka, Y; Himmatsu, Y im J Rock Meek Mm gel 1/23, NI, Feb 1986, P77-83
The Australian Coal Industry Rew,arch Laboratories are undertaking an appraisal of the in-seam Ldsmic technique and its usefulness under Atmtndian coal mining condiliotm. An experimental cross-gallery t ~ m i o n survey was recently conducted at West Wallmnd Collk~. Clmnnei waves in the Borehole Seam show high attemmtion and mmmml ditqN~on characteristics.Modelling shows that the dispersion is influenced by the nearby Young WalhlmKI Seam. gained in surwy layout, ingnmmmtation and data immomnng will be beneficialto future channel wave surveying of Australian mines. Auth.
In Yanahara Mine, Japan, a l a r ~ pyrite ore body has been mined for the last 25 years. Towards the end of primary mining, fractures occurred in the walls of extmctiorm at the pillars. To investigatethe effec~ of ~ mining on the stability of the remaining pilhu~ and the Ipround,a prolprammc of field meas~ts was carried out. The progrms of l~ilar recovery is described and ~ of field me~mmments: d e f o ~ of roof rock; tilt of a mine level; rock stress gtat~; s u ~ of the roof rock; and average horizontal strain in a pillar, are presented.
© 1986 Pergamon Journals Ltd. Reproduction not permitted
Chauhan, R L; Chauhan, R S In: Ttutm~k~ '&5 (paper to tl~ co~jevesee, Beiglit~, 10-15 Mesrek 195J) P127-134. Publ London: IMM, 1985 The excavation of five large power house caverns in the Himalayas is described, with particular reference to support. The rocks are seen to be difficult and unpredictable, necessitating detailed and extensive site investigations. The use of different formulae to calculate rock loads on support is examined. 864276
s~m~ t m m m q in ~ o r md, Carisson, A; Olsson, T; grille, H In: Tmmdlk~ '85 (paper to tke co~¢raee, Brightom, 10-15 M u c h 1955) P149-157. Publ London: IMM, 1985 Four sub-aqueous rock tunnels were driven for the Forsmark Power station and its waste repository on the east coast of Sweden. The tunnels in gneiss granite pass through a 200m wide region of tectonic disturbance, the Singn fault. Comprehensive site investigation included seismic profiting, core logging, water injection and falling head tests. Experience demonstrates the unreliability of all forecasts of rock conditions in such poor rock and the need to be able to continuously modify design as the project proceeds. It also demonstrates, however, that well planned site investigation and feedback of experience contribute greatly towards the solutions of problems met during construction.
Mines See also: 864166, 864187, 864188, 864192 864277 Conv~rl[enee meter. Technical note Stacey, T R; Wrench, B P Can Gemech J V22, N4, Nov 1985, 1'604-607 A simple, robust, telescopic instrument for accurately determining closure of mine stopes is described. Small rock movements between permanent studs are measured, the instrument itself being taken away when not in use. 864278
864279 Stati~kal ~ of ~ rosdways d d o r m s t i ~ data in theUK Wells, B T; Singh, R N lnt J Min ~ V3, N4, Dee 1985, P261-270 The uniformity of measurements of deformation in underground coal mine roadways is discussed. Hence the validity of using such results for predicting the likely behaviour of similar workings is examined. It is further attempted to isolate those geological and mining parameters which influence closure. These results are compared with those from West Germany and France. Auth. 86428O Physical modal of an ~ coal mime ~ r O t ~ l ~ Technical note Singh, T N; Farmer, I W lnt J Min F,qmg V3, ?¢4, Dec 1985, P319-326 A large physical model was constructed and simulated qualitative ground movement above a retreating longwall face in a shallow coal mine with comidm'able a c e ~ , after modification to allow for scale effects. It was considered that in prototype geometries such as mines where strata deformation involves rock fracture, the use of physical models may have advantages over other types of models. 864281 l~lar eouU~ ~ d the d'ecls of Imck-lUlim8 mqPlLImtat K ~ i d ~ Yamatomi, J; Kotake, Y Int J Rock Meek M S Sei V23, NI, Feb 1986. P41-53 In order to average crude ore grade and improve total production at Kosaka Mine, Japan, upper h~h grmte and lower poor grade portions have been rnined simultaneously, by the conventional 'underhand cut and fill mining method with artificial roof" and a new method, "overb~__dcut and fin mining method with pillars', respectively. Since the new method has never been attempted before in such mines and as the mine pillars become slender as the mining stopes move upward, several in situ measurements for monitoring of the behaviour of the mine pillars have been carried out. Also, the interaction between the upper and lower StOl~ has been analyzed by the elastic FEM, and the support effect of filling has been clarified by non-linear FEM taking strain-softening into consideration. Based on field numsurements and theoretical analyses, one of the stock-shaped ore bodies was successfully stoped. The operating efficiency was improved by a factor of three and a cost reduction of 40% was achieved.
wave trmmmlmtm stmly in tim NeweasOe Coal Meamr~, Australia Mason, I; Greenhalgh, S; Hatherly, P G e o ¢ x l ~ m l i ~ 1/23, N3. Sept 1985, 1'395-413
864282 InereJq tim extraetlm mlio at Y m m / m ~ m i ~ Mme~t~ ~ of Iklllm u m m m m ~ Saito,T, Araki, H; Kameoka, Y; Himmatsu, Y im J Rock Meek Mm gel 1/23, NI, Feb 1986, P77-83
The Australian Coal Industry Rew,arch Laboratories are undertaking an appraisal of the in-seam Ldsmic technique and its usefulness under Atmtndian coal mining condiliotm. An experimental cross-gallery t ~ m i o n survey was recently conducted at West Wallmnd Collk~. Clmnnei waves in the Borehole Seam show high attemmtion and mmmml ditqN~on characteristics.Modelling shows that the dispersion is influenced by the nearby Young WalhlmKI Seam. gained in surwy layout, ingnmmmtation and data immomnng will be beneficialto future channel wave surveying of Australian mines. Auth.
In Yanahara Mine, Japan, a l a r ~ pyrite ore body has been mined for the last 25 years. Towards the end of primary mining, fractures occurred in the walls of extmctiorm at the pillars. To investigatethe effec~ of ~ mining on the stability of the remaining pilhu~ and the Ipround,a prolprammc of field meas~ts was carried out. The progrms of l~ilar recovery is described and ~ of field me~mmments: d e f o ~ of roof rock; tilt of a mine level; rock stress gtat~; s u ~ of the roof rock; and average horizontal strain in a pillar, are presented.
© 1986 Pergamon Journals Ltd. Reproduction not permitted