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Design of tunnel support systems using ground freezing
37A
7921~2 EE~P~LTIONOF ~
PILLARS USING HYDRAt~IC
Kowal~zyk~ Z
of some of ~ e m ~ e rece~ t,-e~Is constructed wlth each fc~m of li~i~. ~ e l~fluenee of nsl usa@e an~ g r o u ~ e o z ~ i t t o n s on l i ~ i ~ re-
Fralb~e~
qui~-emnts, w a t e ~ 1 ~ ' ~ l ~ , c o s t s , seeo=hn~"
Forschumgsh, NA~78, 1977, P89-I01
E'valm~tee methods of p r c ~ i ~
work.s
d~ing
ex~ac,~Lon of abaft p i l l - ~ ' s . C ~ t a ' e s ~ v e a ~ te,t~e
e~esees on t h e s h a f t can b e cce~msated by slmultensous m l n i ~ of a ~ c~Z~e immedia~ ne~t %o the abaft a~i of the whele s a f e ~ pillar, azd replac~me~ of the ~ f t l i n i ~ in t h e seam horizon by h ~ u l l c a l l y operated p r o p s . 79n53 ~AY
SJPPORT REI~FORCEMEN~ WITH BUILDING
Hem~Ich, F Gluckauf, VII3, N21, 3 Nov 1977, PI039-10~3 Discusses the cempoel%ion ar~ properties of natural ami s ~ e ~ l e anh~rite, ar~ cementbo~zl paak a ~ r e i n f ~ e m e n t materials, anl method~ of placl~ them. ~ I c atowi~ is pe~ieularly suitable for roadside packs. Wet ar~ dry sprayi~, ar~ backfills, are beccmiDg mere i m ~ at great depths. 792154 MECHANICAL PACKIN~ IN GREAT BRITAIN (IN G~4AN) Eimhauser~ J Gl~ka~f, VII3, Ni8, i~ Sep~ 1977, P90~-~05 The author describes the Thysse~ pum~ packing ~ a t e m used at Brynlliw Colliery, ard the pneumatic stowing method at Prince of Wales Colliery.
7 ~
ELASTXC Dm~m~ATXON OF T~E ~OCK M A S S ~ A~D T~E
~ T OF COAL FACES (IN CZECH) Za-~ski, B; ~ , S t~Ll/, V26, N2, Feb 1978, P52-55 ~ l y s i s of the dymamic load on face supports shows that elastic sei-m~c waves caused by sudden defo~matlons of the rock massif are one of the possible reasons for the d e s ~ c ~ i o n of roof ~ s . The article describes a method of e s ~ m a ~ support doforma~on, ~ derives conclusions for the construction of s u p ~ s which resist the dynsmlc loads. The Ineorlx~ration of an~i-shock valves, the use of ~ o p s con~ainlng a large quaz~i~ of hydraulic fluid~ and an ~ s u a l combination of movable face supports and pneumatic bags are suggested. 792156 SHIELD SUPPORTS - PROSPECTS FOR USE IN LOW LONG-
finite, i n a t r ~ s ~ l o n a ~ g r c ~ movements durl~g construction are discusmd. Reccsmeulations are given for research and development of tunnel linings. Avail: TRRL, Old Wokimgham Roe~, Cr~horne, Berks, ON 792159 EFFECTS OF T D ~ ~ET~EEN EXPOSURE ARD ~ M I ~ ROOF STABILITY, ~ COAL M I ~ , SC~ERS~Tj COLO Radcliffe, D E; S ~ e h a m , R M US~M RI 8298, 1978, 13P Reports a study of the displacement of the roof in a p ~ i o n of %he Beer coal mime. Horizontal and vertical-dlsDlacement @ ~ e a were ins~ed in a five-entry section duriD~ n~rreal rocm-az~-p~1~-r mining ~rOceclures. Monitoring of t h e reef continued u ~ l this section was mined out. Dlsplaceme-~. measurements in c~i~tion with known %line lapses between mining a ~ bolting o p e r a t i o n s Indicate that once supp,x~ is achieved, t h e l e z ~ h o f unsupParted %~__-~ does mot appear to affect lo~@-term roof stability in the mime u ~ e r investigation. Avail: US~M, 4800 Forbes Avemmm, Pittsb~g~, Pa, 15213, USA 792160 ANALYTICAL M ~ E L t I ~ OF M I ~ ROOF ~HAVIO~R USING ST~ISTICAL MATERIAL PROPER~r~S Laz~laz~, T; To~rz, F J US~4 contract 'relx~% 6 Au~ 1975 , 203P An analytical study of coal mi,',~ roof behaviour was corduc~ed using a computer model. The ro~m-ard-pillar extraction m e ~ o d was used in both the model az~ in the field. S ~ a r d eDgineeriDg property inform~ion was used with computer code developed for t h e Bureau of Mimes to calculate roof sag, convergence, roof bolt load c h a ~ , a~d crack formation and ~row~h. These calculations a r e c ~ e d with experimental data collec~ed d u r i ~ a field investigation involvir~ two test sites. Avail: RTIS~ Sprin@field~ Va, 22161, USA (UCRL-
~1876)
WALLS (IN FOLKSY) Korbel, R Mech AUtomat Gorn, VI6, NI, Jan 1978, P29-33 The mare important eor~tructional ar~ operational features of shield s u p p ~ s are discussed. These supports are especially advantageous in low lo~wall faces. 792157 DESIGN OF T U N ~ SUPPORT SYSTEMS USING GROUND FR~T~NG Jones, J S; Brown, R E Proc let International Symposium on Ground Freezi~, Bochum, 8-10 March i~8, P235" 253. P~I: Bochum, Ruhr Unive~sl~, 1978 7921~8 REVIEW OF ~ LINING PRACTICE IN THE U I ~ KINGDOM Craig, R N; Muir Wool, A M Transport ard Road Research Lab supplementary report 335, 1978, 268P The several me,hods used in the U.K. for lining tunnels are outlined ~ brief details given
Influence of dynamic loads due to explosions or earthquakes 792161 CAUSES OF DYNAMIC LOADS IN FACE S U ~ S
(IN
c~) Zamar akl, B L~li, V25, Nil, Nov 1977, I~66-~59 0utli~es the reasons for d ~ m ~ c loads which can cause damage to face eupp~vcs~ 792162 STABILITY OF A SPHERICAL SHELL IN A RIGID CAVITY Za~inj A; Zegu~inj E Proc 19~h US Sym~osi~ on ROck Mechanics, Statelime, Nevada, i-3 May 1978, VI, P502508. P1~bl Reno: University of Nevada, 1978 Derives an analytical exl~ession to give the lower critical pressure for buckling of a spherlcal shell constraizx~l in ~ rigid cavity s ~
7921~2 EE~P~LTIONOF ~
PILLARS USING HYDRAt~IC
Kowal~zyk~ Z
of some of ~ e m ~ e rece~ t,-e~Is constructed wlth each fc~m of li~i~. ~ e l~fluenee of nsl usa@e an~ g r o u ~ e o z ~ i t t o n s on l i ~ i ~ re-
Fralb~e~
qui~-emnts, w a t e ~ 1 ~ ' ~ l ~ , c o s t s , seeo=hn~"
Forschumgsh, NA~78, 1977, P89-I01
E'valm~tee methods of p r c ~ i ~
work.s
d~ing
ex~ac,~Lon of abaft p i l l - ~ ' s . C ~ t a ' e s ~ v e a ~ te,t~e
e~esees on t h e s h a f t can b e cce~msated by slmultensous m l n i ~ of a ~ c~Z~e immedia~ ne~t %o the abaft a~i of the whele s a f e ~ pillar, azd replac~me~ of the ~ f t l i n i ~ in t h e seam horizon by h ~ u l l c a l l y operated p r o p s . 79n53 ~AY
SJPPORT REI~FORCEMEN~ WITH BUILDING
Hem~Ich, F Gluckauf, VII3, N21, 3 Nov 1977, PI039-10~3 Discusses the cempoel%ion ar~ properties of natural ami s ~ e ~ l e anh~rite, ar~ cementbo~zl paak a ~ r e i n f ~ e m e n t materials, anl method~ of placl~ them. ~ I c atowi~ is pe~ieularly suitable for roadside packs. Wet ar~ dry sprayi~, ar~ backfills, are beccmiDg mere i m ~ at great depths. 792154 MECHANICAL PACKIN~ IN GREAT BRITAIN (IN G~4AN) Eimhauser~ J Gl~ka~f, VII3, Ni8, i~ Sep~ 1977, P90~-~05 The author describes the Thysse~ pum~ packing ~ a t e m used at Brynlliw Colliery, ard the pneumatic stowing method at Prince of Wales Colliery.
7 ~
ELASTXC Dm~m~ATXON OF T~E ~OCK M A S S ~ A~D T~E
~ T OF COAL FACES (IN CZECH) Za-~ski, B; ~ , S t~Ll/, V26, N2, Feb 1978, P52-55 ~ l y s i s of the dymamic load on face supports shows that elastic sei-m~c waves caused by sudden defo~matlons of the rock massif are one of the possible reasons for the d e s ~ c ~ i o n of roof ~ s . The article describes a method of e s ~ m a ~ support doforma~on, ~ derives conclusions for the construction of s u p ~ s which resist the dynsmlc loads. The Ineorlx~ration of an~i-shock valves, the use of ~ o p s con~ainlng a large quaz~i~ of hydraulic fluid~ and an ~ s u a l combination of movable face supports and pneumatic bags are suggested. 792156 SHIELD SUPPORTS - PROSPECTS FOR USE IN LOW LONG-
finite, i n a t r ~ s ~ l o n a ~ g r c ~ movements durl~g construction are discusmd. Reccsmeulations are given for research and development of tunnel linings. Avail: TRRL, Old Wokimgham Roe~, Cr~horne, Berks, ON 792159 EFFECTS OF T D ~ ~ET~EEN EXPOSURE ARD ~ M I ~ ROOF STABILITY, ~ COAL M I ~ , SC~ERS~Tj COLO Radcliffe, D E; S ~ e h a m , R M US~M RI 8298, 1978, 13P Reports a study of the displacement of the roof in a p ~ i o n of %he Beer coal mime. Horizontal and vertical-dlsDlacement @ ~ e a were ins~ed in a five-entry section duriD~ n~rreal rocm-az~-p~1~-r mining ~rOceclures. Monitoring of t h e reef continued u ~ l this section was mined out. Dlsplaceme-~. measurements in c~i~tion with known %line lapses between mining a ~ bolting o p e r a t i o n s Indicate that once supp,x~ is achieved, t h e l e z ~ h o f unsupParted %~__-~ does mot appear to affect lo~@-term roof stability in the mime u ~ e r investigation. Avail: US~M, 4800 Forbes Avemmm, Pittsb~g~, Pa, 15213, USA 792160 ANALYTICAL M ~ E L t I ~ OF M I ~ ROOF ~HAVIO~R USING ST~ISTICAL MATERIAL PROPER~r~S Laz~laz~, T; To~rz, F J US~4 contract 'relx~% 6 Au~ 1975 , 203P An analytical study of coal mi,',~ roof behaviour was corduc~ed using a computer model. The ro~m-ard-pillar extraction m e ~ o d was used in both the model az~ in the field. S ~ a r d eDgineeriDg property inform~ion was used with computer code developed for t h e Bureau of Mimes to calculate roof sag, convergence, roof bolt load c h a ~ , a~d crack formation and ~row~h. These calculations a r e c ~ e d with experimental data collec~ed d u r i ~ a field investigation involvir~ two test sites. Avail: RTIS~ Sprin@field~ Va, 22161, USA (UCRL-
~1876)
WALLS (IN FOLKSY) Korbel, R Mech AUtomat Gorn, VI6, NI, Jan 1978, P29-33 The mare important eor~tructional ar~ operational features of shield s u p p ~ s are discussed. These supports are especially advantageous in low lo~wall faces. 792157 DESIGN OF T U N ~ SUPPORT SYSTEMS USING GROUND FR~T~NG Jones, J S; Brown, R E Proc let International Symposium on Ground Freezi~, Bochum, 8-10 March i~8, P235" 253. P~I: Bochum, Ruhr Unive~sl~, 1978 7921~8 REVIEW OF ~ LINING PRACTICE IN THE U I ~ KINGDOM Craig, R N; Muir Wool, A M Transport ard Road Research Lab supplementary report 335, 1978, 268P The several me,hods used in the U.K. for lining tunnels are outlined ~ brief details given
Influence of dynamic loads due to explosions or earthquakes 792161 CAUSES OF DYNAMIC LOADS IN FACE S U ~ S
(IN
c~) Zamar akl, B L~li, V25, Nil, Nov 1977, I~66-~59 0utli~es the reasons for d ~ m ~ c loads which can cause damage to face eupp~vcs~ 792162 STABILITY OF A SPHERICAL SHELL IN A RIGID CAVITY Za~inj A; Zegu~inj E Proc 19~h US Sym~osi~ on ROck Mechanics, Statelime, Nevada, i-3 May 1978, VI, P502508. P1~bl Reno: University of Nevada, 1978 Derives an analytical exl~ession to give the lower critical pressure for buckling of a spherlcal shell constraizx~l in ~ rigid cavity s ~