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Temporary tunnel support by artificial ground freezing
33A
792116 TEMP(RARY ~K~NEL S U P P O ~ BY ARTIFICIAL GROUND FREEZING Jones, J S; Brown, R E J Ge~ch E ~ Div ASCE, VI0~, NGTI0, Oct 1978, F1257-1276 The ma~or considerations involved with evaluating artificial ground freezing fur f~m~rary tunnel support are described. To illustrate the general design process, three study cases where ground freezing was evaluated for tunneling beneath mainline railroad tracks are ;resented. A laboratory testing program, consisting of both static creep t e s t s ~ repeated iced triaxial tests~ was conducted to define the stremgth add deformation characteristics of the case study soils frozen to -7 de~ C add -i0 deg C. It was determined that the stressstrain characteristics of the frozen soil could be approximated by a hyperbolic function. The finite element method was used to calculate the stress distribution in the frozen tunnel liners. Auth. 792117 TUNNI~.LTNG BY MEANS OF A SHIELD-CUA-A'~ S Y S T ~ Reuter, G Gluckauf, VI3, NI7, i Sept 1977, P853-859 Reports the planning and construction of a section of tunnel ~hrough greensanl udder an existing roadway in the centre of Essen for an undergrounl railway. Grounl conlitions are summarised anl the operation of the tunnelling machine described. 792118 SOME OBSERVATIONS OF MACHINE TUNNELLING AT THE K I E L D ~ AQUEDUCT O'Rourke, T D; Priest~ S D; N~w, B M Proc 19hh US Symposium on Rock Mechanics, Stateline, Nevada i 1-3 Ma~ 19q8, Vii F362369. Publ Reno: University of Nevada, 1978 Observation amd measurements were taken in the initial 1600 m of a tunnal driven by means of a tunnel boring machine through approximately equal lengths of sandstone, llmestone~ ard mudstone. This paper summarizes the structure and material properties of the in-situ rock in each of the principal lithologies and relates these features to the construction history. Attention is directed to the performance of the tunnal boring machine in light of the geological conditions. In addition, the results of seismic scans, taken along, the tunnel, are summarized and compared with the grounl encountered. Auth. 792119 LARGE SCALE FREEZING WORK FOR SUBWAY CONSTRUCTION IN JAP~aN MiyOshi, M; Tsukamoto, T; Kiriyama, S Proc Ist International Symposium on Groumd Freezing, Bochum, 8-10 March 1978~ P2~5-268. Publ: Bochum, Ruhr University, 1978 792120 EFFECTS OF GROUND VIBRATION DURING BENTONITE SHIELD TUNNELLING AT WARRINC/IK)N New, B M Transport ard Road Research Lab lab report 860. 1978, 33P A trunk outfall sewer is being driven at Warrimgton, Cheshire using a bentonite shield. The drive is through cohesionless drift deposits beneath a built-up urban area with a depth of cover of less than 6 m. The effects of grour~
R.M.M.S.16/2 i
vibration caused by the excavation l~ocess were investigated. Vibration data were recorded from trsmsducers located in bma~holes on the surfame, on the ~,.~1~ im~ machine amd on the concrete liming. The msxlmum peak particle velocity meastwed was 3.9 mm ;~r ~ec. The excavation process induced vibrations c~nsed ground c~mpaction which contributed s i g n i f i c a n t l y to settlements. Avail: TRRL, Old Wokir~ham Rosd, Crowthor~e, Berks, UK
Power plants 792121 ~ POWER STATION C00E/I~ W ~ R I~TAKE ~ : AN XNG-TN~m~ING CASE STUDY Edmoml, J M& Graham, J D Q J E ~ r ~ Geol, V!O, N3, 1977, P281-301 Describes this p r o j e c t which wa~ completed in 1976. ~ne v e r y weathered ~ t ~ r e of ~ l e granite rock mass through which the tttmr~l was driven .~resented problems in interpretation of site investigs~ion ar~ in design stud construction. Impo.et~rlt aspects o f these problem, lxitably interlEetation of rock qualit~ fr~n cores and l~edictions of tunnel suppart requirements, are discussed. 792122 .MINED ROCK CAVERNS FOR UND~GROUND ~JCLEAR PLANTS IN CAL~mORNIA Dodds, R K; Eriksson, K; Kuesel, T R Proc 19%/I US Sym~sium O:~ Rock Mechanics, Statelire~ Nevada~ i-3 May 1978, Vl, P ~ k !t.51. Fubl Reno: University of Nevmda, 1978 Discusses rock mechanics aspects of the design of a nuclear power plant in a granite foothill location for which three major caverns are requital. A finite elemen~ rock mass stress analysis was carried out, havla~ chosen a representative rock modal specification arn a suitable spacing and roof thickness for the caverns. A rock arch modal incorporating reinforcing bolts ard ter~ons is also preserted. Verification of static stud dyc,am'i,~ integrity and problems of seismic design criteria for rock-sited nuclear power plants are dls~.~ssed.
In-situ stresses and stress around underground openings 792123 APPROX~WATE ANALYSIS 0~ FLOOR HEAVE OCCURRING IN ROADWAYS ~ ADVA~ING L O ~ A L L FACES Sheure~j P R; Dunham, R K Int J Rock Mesh Min Sci, VlS, ~6, Dec 1978,
P2"~-288 The amalysis is based on determining the floor losdlmg, obtaiming the correspoDdir~ flo~r s t r e s s d i s t r i b u t i o n t o g e t h e r with the proba~il~ty of fail~re ~ lastly applyi~ ~ ~rimmipies of linear viscoelasticity tO obtain the additional floor movement OccumTi~g with ir~re a s i ~ face advance.
792116 TEMP(RARY ~K~NEL S U P P O ~ BY ARTIFICIAL GROUND FREEZING Jones, J S; Brown, R E J Ge~ch E ~ Div ASCE, VI0~, NGTI0, Oct 1978, F1257-1276 The ma~or considerations involved with evaluating artificial ground freezing fur f~m~rary tunnel support are described. To illustrate the general design process, three study cases where ground freezing was evaluated for tunneling beneath mainline railroad tracks are ;resented. A laboratory testing program, consisting of both static creep t e s t s ~ repeated iced triaxial tests~ was conducted to define the stremgth add deformation characteristics of the case study soils frozen to -7 de~ C add -i0 deg C. It was determined that the stressstrain characteristics of the frozen soil could be approximated by a hyperbolic function. The finite element method was used to calculate the stress distribution in the frozen tunnel liners. Auth. 792117 TUNNI~.LTNG BY MEANS OF A SHIELD-CUA-A'~ S Y S T ~ Reuter, G Gluckauf, VI3, NI7, i Sept 1977, P853-859 Reports the planning and construction of a section of tunnel ~hrough greensanl udder an existing roadway in the centre of Essen for an undergrounl railway. Grounl conlitions are summarised anl the operation of the tunnelling machine described. 792118 SOME OBSERVATIONS OF MACHINE TUNNELLING AT THE K I E L D ~ AQUEDUCT O'Rourke, T D; Priest~ S D; N~w, B M Proc 19hh US Symposium on Rock Mechanics, Stateline, Nevada i 1-3 Ma~ 19q8, Vii F362369. Publ Reno: University of Nevada, 1978 Observation amd measurements were taken in the initial 1600 m of a tunnal driven by means of a tunnel boring machine through approximately equal lengths of sandstone, llmestone~ ard mudstone. This paper summarizes the structure and material properties of the in-situ rock in each of the principal lithologies and relates these features to the construction history. Attention is directed to the performance of the tunnal boring machine in light of the geological conditions. In addition, the results of seismic scans, taken along, the tunnel, are summarized and compared with the grounl encountered. Auth. 792119 LARGE SCALE FREEZING WORK FOR SUBWAY CONSTRUCTION IN JAP~aN MiyOshi, M; Tsukamoto, T; Kiriyama, S Proc Ist International Symposium on Groumd Freezing, Bochum, 8-10 March 1978~ P2~5-268. Publ: Bochum, Ruhr University, 1978 792120 EFFECTS OF GROUND VIBRATION DURING BENTONITE SHIELD TUNNELLING AT WARRINC/IK)N New, B M Transport ard Road Research Lab lab report 860. 1978, 33P A trunk outfall sewer is being driven at Warrimgton, Cheshire using a bentonite shield. The drive is through cohesionless drift deposits beneath a built-up urban area with a depth of cover of less than 6 m. The effects of grour~
R.M.M.S.16/2 i
vibration caused by the excavation l~ocess were investigated. Vibration data were recorded from trsmsducers located in bma~holes on the surfame, on the ~,.~1~ im~ machine amd on the concrete liming. The msxlmum peak particle velocity meastwed was 3.9 mm ;~r ~ec. The excavation process induced vibrations c~nsed ground c~mpaction which contributed s i g n i f i c a n t l y to settlements. Avail: TRRL, Old Wokir~ham Rosd, Crowthor~e, Berks, UK
Power plants 792121 ~ POWER STATION C00E/I~ W ~ R I~TAKE ~ : AN XNG-TN~m~ING CASE STUDY Edmoml, J M& Graham, J D Q J E ~ r ~ Geol, V!O, N3, 1977, P281-301 Describes this p r o j e c t which wa~ completed in 1976. ~ne v e r y weathered ~ t ~ r e of ~ l e granite rock mass through which the tttmr~l was driven .~resented problems in interpretation of site investigs~ion ar~ in design stud construction. Impo.et~rlt aspects o f these problem, lxitably interlEetation of rock qualit~ fr~n cores and l~edictions of tunnel suppart requirements, are discussed. 792122 .MINED ROCK CAVERNS FOR UND~GROUND ~JCLEAR PLANTS IN CAL~mORNIA Dodds, R K; Eriksson, K; Kuesel, T R Proc 19%/I US Sym~sium O:~ Rock Mechanics, Statelire~ Nevada~ i-3 May 1978, Vl, P ~ k !t.51. Fubl Reno: University of Nevmda, 1978 Discusses rock mechanics aspects of the design of a nuclear power plant in a granite foothill location for which three major caverns are requital. A finite elemen~ rock mass stress analysis was carried out, havla~ chosen a representative rock modal specification arn a suitable spacing and roof thickness for the caverns. A rock arch modal incorporating reinforcing bolts ard ter~ons is also preserted. Verification of static stud dyc,am'i,~ integrity and problems of seismic design criteria for rock-sited nuclear power plants are dls~.~ssed.
In-situ stresses and stress around underground openings 792123 APPROX~WATE ANALYSIS 0~ FLOOR HEAVE OCCURRING IN ROADWAYS ~ ADVA~ING L O ~ A L L FACES Sheure~j P R; Dunham, R K Int J Rock Mesh Min Sci, VlS, ~6, Dec 1978,
P2"~-288 The amalysis is based on determining the floor losdlmg, obtaiming the correspoDdir~ flo~r s t r e s s d i s t r i b u t i o n t o g e t h e r with the proba~il~ty of fail~re ~ lastly applyi~ ~ ~rimmipies of linear viscoelasticity tO obtain the additional floor movement OccumTi~g with ir~re a s i ~ face advance.