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Effects of compaction on retaining walls
~A
EaCh retaining structures 801198 ~ ON EARTH ~ E g ~ V ~ , 27 APRIL i978
FITTS~JRGH,
New Y~k: Ammelcan Society of Civil E~glne~s,
i979, ~ooP Cc~tai~s 33 papers on reinforced earth walls, ~c~erties a ~ perfarmanse of reir~crced earth, ~ " ~ " Z ar~ m z ~ r i c a l a ~ I s , selm~c ~tabili~ of re~,~c~ced earth ~r~ctures, amlysis of fallm-e, a~l case stu=L%es. 801199 CURRENT PRAC~CE IN D~S~GNI~G E A ~
R~AINING
S~Rb%~%mES Jomes, C J F
P
8o12o4 D E V ~ L O P M ~ S IN HIG~gAY P A V ~ (IN z v~s) Pell, ~ S (e~tor)
E~Y/~ERING
vol l, z85~, vca 2, ~96P
~aaed on a Building Research Esta~liahment document on ~ridge fou~datlc~s a ~ s~st~uct~es, reviews types of retai~i~ walls, field measure, ece~eriaon between asm~ed a~d ec~k~l behavi~w, amd co~cludes ~ the design of az~ a ~ m ~ r e must take into account the c o n = ~ t i c ~ a l ~ h ~ l q ~ e s used. 801200 I~'I.I~ S~IPS IN RELWOSCED EARTH WALLS Smith, O N; B L - ~ s s o n , G I Civ Emgmg, London~ June 1979~ I:'62-63 D~ac~i~es model tests which Imdlcate that increases in a ~ e ~ of ~ to 20 pmr cent can be ~talned in a rei~cm~e~ earth wall by incll~ ~he r e i ~ c r c e m e n t s t r i p s ~ at 10 t o 15 de~ t o t h e h o r i z o n t a l . 801201 ~ ' i ~ OF C C ~ A C ~ O N ON ~ A I ~ N ~ WALLS Imp, T S ~ q u e , V29, N3, Sept 1979, P265-283 CCmpactlon of fill behim~ earth retaimimg st~ctu~es can imduce lateral l ~ e ~ e m that vary conslaer~ly from theme p r ~ frc~ classical eez'th l~ess~e theory. This pape~ l~esemts a simple azml~tical method which relates Imduced lateral earth pressures to the effective line l o a d ~ imposed by construction plant. Predicted pressures are compared with observed pressures frc~ two ca~e histories and the i~luence of compaction on wall factor of safety is assessed. ON
RodrigmezoMiram~a, ~ Villarroel, M Bull Liaison Lab Ponts Chaussees, NIO2, July-AUg 1979, P37-~7 Describes the design, comsln~ction and performance of a structure foumded directly on soft soil of alluvial c~i~In a~i uaimg %he reinfc~ced earth ~echr~que. The performance of the r e i n f o r c e d e a r t h b l o c k s ~hat farm t h e p i e r s cf the ~ r i ~ e was satisfactory, althc~@h settlement of the order of one metre, leading to differential settlements of 2 per cent~ were m~8~%1red,
8ozzo3 FINITE ~ N E N T
Base courses and pavements
Loudom: Applied Science Publishers, 1978,
Grmmd m~n~, vlz, ~6, Sept 1979, ~ 4 5
80120Z BRIDGE PIERS IN R E I N F G R ~ EARTH ~ ~ x ~ z m 2 ~ (IN ~ )
and bored failure between the soll a~i the reinfc~cim~ m~£ps. Sol~ticmm are ~esented for the fail~e h e ~ of u~rei~fc~eed e ~ b a ~ n t s , a~i - , ~ l y s e s then carrie~ out for various q~tles of reinforcement. The method is aplmllcai~le to e m b ~ s c~- walls reinforced with wide T ~ strips of steel. The soil may be c~heslve er fric~iorml.
ANALYSIS OF REINFORCED
Brown~ B S; Poulos, H G University of Sydney School of Civil Engineering research relxrt R326, Aug 1978~ 38P A method ~f amalysis is proposed which allows for the elasto-plastic behaviour of the soll
The two vclc~es each contain 6 contributed c h a ~ e r s on as~ect~ of ~vement design, c o ~ r u c t i o n a~t m a i n t e r ~ e . TOpics i n VOl 1 i n c l ~ l e f l a x i ~ l e pavement design, a~l the l ~ e p a r a t i o n a~i ~ r e ~ c~ surfacing m~te~ials (bitumen, co~, ~.~_,~;-~ilised soils). Topics in VOI 2 include ~ k s , use of ag~re@~tes in base c o ~ d z i o n , f r o s t heave a~m~ze~ perform ~ e assessme~.
801z0~ INVE~C4~ION O~ A FL~PE I~DEX TES~ FC~ RAILROAD BALLASt Pamucclo, C M; W s ~ , R C; Selig~ E T Ge~ Test J, VI, ~ , Dec 1978, P213-222 801206 OVALIS~ON: A ~
mm~m~ioN
ME~
OF MEASURI~ ELASTIC
IN PAYmenTS (IN ~mmc~)
Psyromne, C; Kobisch, R Bull Liaison Lab Fonts Chausaees NI02, JulyAUg 1979, ~59-71 The stresses cr strains at the base of bou~l layers constitute a good criterion far aharactarizimg the b e ~ loads on l~mments. The method described consists in meaa~ri~ the variaticms in the d l a m e ~ of a cyliulrical cavity (ovallzation of a bore hole) u~on the passage of a heavy load. Resttlts d~luced from these measurements are compared in field tests wi%h strain g a ~ e measurements. 801207 ANALYSIS OF P A V ~ S Y S T ~ . TRANSPORTATION RESF~RCH RECORD 671 W a s h i r ~ n , DC: National A c ~ m y af Sciences, Tramsportation Research Board, 1978, 98P Includes papers on the following topics: pavesent design, finite element ~ l y s i s cf Jointed c~ cracked concrete pavements, prediction of thmrmal-susceptibility cracking in flexible pavements~ d e a ~ n anl behaviour of soil-fabricaggregate systems, lab testing of cohesive subgrades I resilient blmodular properties of stabilised soils. Avail: THB, NAS, 2101 Constitution Ave NW, W a a h i ~ r ~ DC, 20418 USA
8o12o8 EXPANDED POLYSTYRENE CONCRETE SUBBASES Hamma, A N Transp Res Rec, N675, 1978, PI-6 Measurements taken on pavement sections in a test installation using expanied polystyrene comcrete as a subbase material. Frost penetration is reduced or eliminated in rigid or flexible pavements.
EaCh retaining structures 801198 ~ ON EARTH ~ E g ~ V ~ , 27 APRIL i978
FITTS~JRGH,
New Y~k: Ammelcan Society of Civil E~glne~s,
i979, ~ooP Cc~tai~s 33 papers on reinforced earth walls, ~c~erties a ~ perfarmanse of reir~crced earth, ~ " ~ " Z ar~ m z ~ r i c a l a ~ I s , selm~c ~tabili~ of re~,~c~ced earth ~r~ctures, amlysis of fallm-e, a~l case stu=L%es. 801199 CURRENT PRAC~CE IN D~S~GNI~G E A ~
R~AINING
S~Rb%~%mES Jomes, C J F
P
8o12o4 D E V ~ L O P M ~ S IN HIG~gAY P A V ~ (IN z v~s) Pell, ~ S (e~tor)
E~Y/~ERING
vol l, z85~, vca 2, ~96P
~aaed on a Building Research Esta~liahment document on ~ridge fou~datlc~s a ~ s~st~uct~es, reviews types of retai~i~ walls, field measure, ece~eriaon between asm~ed a~d ec~k~l behavi~w, amd co~cludes ~ the design of az~ a ~ m ~ r e must take into account the c o n = ~ t i c ~ a l ~ h ~ l q ~ e s used. 801200 I~'I.I~ S~IPS IN RELWOSCED EARTH WALLS Smith, O N; B L - ~ s s o n , G I Civ Emgmg, London~ June 1979~ I:'62-63 D~ac~i~es model tests which Imdlcate that increases in a ~ e ~ of ~ to 20 pmr cent can be ~talned in a rei~cm~e~ earth wall by incll~ ~he r e i ~ c r c e m e n t s t r i p s ~ at 10 t o 15 de~ t o t h e h o r i z o n t a l . 801201 ~ ' i ~ OF C C ~ A C ~ O N ON ~ A I ~ N ~ WALLS Imp, T S ~ q u e , V29, N3, Sept 1979, P265-283 CCmpactlon of fill behim~ earth retaimimg st~ctu~es can imduce lateral l ~ e ~ e m that vary conslaer~ly from theme p r ~ frc~ classical eez'th l~ess~e theory. This pape~ l~esemts a simple azml~tical method which relates Imduced lateral earth pressures to the effective line l o a d ~ imposed by construction plant. Predicted pressures are compared with observed pressures frc~ two ca~e histories and the i~luence of compaction on wall factor of safety is assessed. ON
RodrigmezoMiram~a, ~ Villarroel, M Bull Liaison Lab Ponts Chaussees, NIO2, July-AUg 1979, P37-~7 Describes the design, comsln~ction and performance of a structure foumded directly on soft soil of alluvial c~i~In a~i uaimg %he reinfc~ced earth ~echr~que. The performance of the r e i n f o r c e d e a r t h b l o c k s ~hat farm t h e p i e r s cf the ~ r i ~ e was satisfactory, althc~@h settlement of the order of one metre, leading to differential settlements of 2 per cent~ were m~8~%1red,
8ozzo3 FINITE ~ N E N T
Base courses and pavements
Loudom: Applied Science Publishers, 1978,
Grmmd m~n~, vlz, ~6, Sept 1979, ~ 4 5
80120Z BRIDGE PIERS IN R E I N F G R ~ EARTH ~ ~ x ~ z m 2 ~ (IN ~ )
and bored failure between the soll a~i the reinfc~cim~ m~£ps. Sol~ticmm are ~esented for the fail~e h e ~ of u~rei~fc~eed e ~ b a ~ n t s , a~i - , ~ l y s e s then carrie~ out for various q~tles of reinforcement. The method is aplmllcai~le to e m b ~ s c~- walls reinforced with wide T ~ strips of steel. The soil may be c~heslve er fric~iorml.
ANALYSIS OF REINFORCED
Brown~ B S; Poulos, H G University of Sydney School of Civil Engineering research relxrt R326, Aug 1978~ 38P A method ~f amalysis is proposed which allows for the elasto-plastic behaviour of the soll
The two vclc~es each contain 6 contributed c h a ~ e r s on as~ect~ of ~vement design, c o ~ r u c t i o n a~t m a i n t e r ~ e . TOpics i n VOl 1 i n c l ~ l e f l a x i ~ l e pavement design, a~l the l ~ e p a r a t i o n a~i ~ r e ~ c~ surfacing m~te~ials (bitumen, co~, ~.~_,~;-~ilised soils). Topics in VOI 2 include ~ k s , use of ag~re@~tes in base c o ~ d z i o n , f r o s t heave a~m~ze~ perform ~ e assessme~.
801z0~ INVE~C4~ION O~ A FL~PE I~DEX TES~ FC~ RAILROAD BALLASt Pamucclo, C M; W s ~ , R C; Selig~ E T Ge~ Test J, VI, ~ , Dec 1978, P213-222 801206 OVALIS~ON: A ~
mm~m~ioN
ME~
OF MEASURI~ ELASTIC
IN PAYmenTS (IN ~mmc~)
Psyromne, C; Kobisch, R Bull Liaison Lab Fonts Chausaees NI02, JulyAUg 1979, ~59-71 The stresses cr strains at the base of bou~l layers constitute a good criterion far aharactarizimg the b e ~ loads on l~mments. The method described consists in meaa~ri~ the variaticms in the d l a m e ~ of a cyliulrical cavity (ovallzation of a bore hole) u~on the passage of a heavy load. Resttlts d~luced from these measurements are compared in field tests wi%h strain g a ~ e measurements. 801207 ANALYSIS OF P A V ~ S Y S T ~ . TRANSPORTATION RESF~RCH RECORD 671 W a s h i r ~ n , DC: National A c ~ m y af Sciences, Tramsportation Research Board, 1978, 98P Includes papers on the following topics: pavesent design, finite element ~ l y s i s cf Jointed c~ cracked concrete pavements, prediction of thmrmal-susceptibility cracking in flexible pavements~ d e a ~ n anl behaviour of soil-fabricaggregate systems, lab testing of cohesive subgrades I resilient blmodular properties of stabilised soils. Avail: THB, NAS, 2101 Constitution Ave NW, W a a h i ~ r ~ DC, 20418 USA
8o12o8 EXPANDED POLYSTYRENE CONCRETE SUBBASES Hamma, A N Transp Res Rec, N675, 1978, PI-6 Measurements taken on pavement sections in a test installation using expanied polystyrene comcrete as a subbase material. Frost penetration is reduced or eliminated in rigid or flexible pavements.