- Email: [email protected]
Enzymatic degradation of chlorophyll a by marine phytoplankton in-vitro
788
E. Biological Oceanography
Growth bioenergetics of 6 bacterivorous species were studied; maximum growth rates ranged 0.15-0.25 h ~, but growth as slow as 0.028 h ~ could be maintained. Respiratory and growth rates were directly proportional to consumption rate. Clearance (volume of water cleared for bacteria per unit time and measured in fractions of cell volume) ranged over 2 orders of magnitude; this large variation can in part be explained as a consequence of specialization to different food particle sizes. Results suggest that the type of flagellates studied may control marine plankton bacterial concentrations. Dept. of Ecol. and Genetics, Univ. of Aarhus, Ny Munkegade, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. 82:6176 Gerritsen, Jeroen and K.G. Porter, 1982. The role of surface chemistry in filter feeding by zooplankton. Science, 216(4551): 1225-1227. At tow Reynolds number (slow and laminar fluid flow) particle capture by Daphnia magna is not a sieving process, but appears due to 'surface chemical interactions between particle and filter' (e.g. ionic attraction or hydrophobic-hydrophilic interactions). Both surface charge alteration and wettability of polystyrene spheres influenced retention efficiency; 0.5 /~m particles were retained at a lower efficiency than were 1.1 or 5.7 /~m spheres. Inst. of Ecol. and Dept. of Zool., Univ. of Georgia, Athens, Ga. 30602, USA. (mjj) 82:6177 Haga, Masataka and Kanau Matsuike, 1981. Optical environment and the quantum efficiency of phytoplankton photosynthesis during the summer in the Bering Sea. Mer, Tokyo, 19(3):115-124. (In Japanese, English abstract.) Quantum and spectral irradiance and turbidity of water above the abyssal plain, continental slope and shelf were determined. Quantum efficiency of phytoplankton photosynthesis and the ratios of the attenuation coefficients for chlorophyll a and phaeopigments were compared. Tokyo Univ. of Fish., Konan-4, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108, Japan. (msg)
OLR (1982) 29 (12)
per m ~of water. Japan Sea Regional Fish. Res. Lab., Suido-cho, Niigata 951, Japan. 82:6179 Murano, Masaaki, t981. [Taxonomic and biological research on zooplankton fisheries, especially Mysidacea.I Met, Tokyo, 19(3):151-153. (In Japanese.) Univ. des Peches de Tokyo, Japan.
82:6180 Owens, T.G. and P.G. Falkowski, 1982. Enzymatic degradation of chlorophyll a by marine phytoplankton in-vitro. Phytochemistry, 21(5):979-984. Falkowski: Dept. of Energy and Environ., Brookhaven Natl. Lab., Upton, N.Y. 11973, USA. 82:6181 Runge, J.A. and M.D. Ohman, 1982. Size fractionation of phytoplankton as an estimate of food available to herbivores. Limnol. Oceanogr., 27(3): 570-576. Eight phytoplankton species of common sizes and shapes were partitioned into categories with 6 or 7 sizes of screens and filters. Analysis of chlorophyll a, particle numbers, and volume in successive size fractions showed cell or colony breakage for only one species; thus, the size fractionation technique seems an informative way to partition phytoplankton into size classes available to suspension-feeders. Dept. of Oceanogr., Dalhousie Univ., Halifax, N.S. B3H 4J1, Canada.
82:6182 Sameoto, D.D., 1982. Zooplankton and micronekton abundance in acoustic scattering layers on the Nova Scotian slope. Can. J. Fish. aquat. Sci., 39(5):760-777.
82:6178 Morioka, Yasuhiro, 1981. Zooplankton production in Toyama Bay [Japan] in March-May, 1978. Bull. Japan Sea reg. Fish. Res. Lab., 32:57-64.
Acoustic echograms showed relatively uniform backscattering over many kilometers of shelf water with an abrupt decrease in intensity at the shelf/ slope front. Dominant micronekton were a myctophid, Benthosema glaciale, and a euphausiid, Thysanoessa longicaudata. These forms probably caused the intense acoustic scattering and consumed most of the zooplankton during the spring, thus diverting energy from overall fish production. Bedford Inst. of Oceanogr., Dartmouth, NS B2Y 4A2, Canada. (mwf)
Production by 6 crustacean species was calculated by age-class analysis and Ikeda's physiological method. Mean daily production-biomass ratios differed between the 2 methods, but the approximate mean value is estimated at 0.05, and the daily production at 0.5 mg dry weight (2.5 mg wet weight)
82:6183 Smith, K.L. Jr., 1982. Zooplankton of a bathyal benthic boundary layer: in-situ rates of oxygen consumption and ammonium excretion. Limnol. Oceanogr., 27(3):461-471.
E. Biological Oceanography
Growth bioenergetics of 6 bacterivorous species were studied; maximum growth rates ranged 0.15-0.25 h ~, but growth as slow as 0.028 h ~ could be maintained. Respiratory and growth rates were directly proportional to consumption rate. Clearance (volume of water cleared for bacteria per unit time and measured in fractions of cell volume) ranged over 2 orders of magnitude; this large variation can in part be explained as a consequence of specialization to different food particle sizes. Results suggest that the type of flagellates studied may control marine plankton bacterial concentrations. Dept. of Ecol. and Genetics, Univ. of Aarhus, Ny Munkegade, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. 82:6176 Gerritsen, Jeroen and K.G. Porter, 1982. The role of surface chemistry in filter feeding by zooplankton. Science, 216(4551): 1225-1227. At tow Reynolds number (slow and laminar fluid flow) particle capture by Daphnia magna is not a sieving process, but appears due to 'surface chemical interactions between particle and filter' (e.g. ionic attraction or hydrophobic-hydrophilic interactions). Both surface charge alteration and wettability of polystyrene spheres influenced retention efficiency; 0.5 /~m particles were retained at a lower efficiency than were 1.1 or 5.7 /~m spheres. Inst. of Ecol. and Dept. of Zool., Univ. of Georgia, Athens, Ga. 30602, USA. (mjj) 82:6177 Haga, Masataka and Kanau Matsuike, 1981. Optical environment and the quantum efficiency of phytoplankton photosynthesis during the summer in the Bering Sea. Mer, Tokyo, 19(3):115-124. (In Japanese, English abstract.) Quantum and spectral irradiance and turbidity of water above the abyssal plain, continental slope and shelf were determined. Quantum efficiency of phytoplankton photosynthesis and the ratios of the attenuation coefficients for chlorophyll a and phaeopigments were compared. Tokyo Univ. of Fish., Konan-4, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108, Japan. (msg)
OLR (1982) 29 (12)
per m ~of water. Japan Sea Regional Fish. Res. Lab., Suido-cho, Niigata 951, Japan. 82:6179 Murano, Masaaki, t981. [Taxonomic and biological research on zooplankton fisheries, especially Mysidacea.I Met, Tokyo, 19(3):151-153. (In Japanese.) Univ. des Peches de Tokyo, Japan.
82:6180 Owens, T.G. and P.G. Falkowski, 1982. Enzymatic degradation of chlorophyll a by marine phytoplankton in-vitro. Phytochemistry, 21(5):979-984. Falkowski: Dept. of Energy and Environ., Brookhaven Natl. Lab., Upton, N.Y. 11973, USA. 82:6181 Runge, J.A. and M.D. Ohman, 1982. Size fractionation of phytoplankton as an estimate of food available to herbivores. Limnol. Oceanogr., 27(3): 570-576. Eight phytoplankton species of common sizes and shapes were partitioned into categories with 6 or 7 sizes of screens and filters. Analysis of chlorophyll a, particle numbers, and volume in successive size fractions showed cell or colony breakage for only one species; thus, the size fractionation technique seems an informative way to partition phytoplankton into size classes available to suspension-feeders. Dept. of Oceanogr., Dalhousie Univ., Halifax, N.S. B3H 4J1, Canada.
82:6182 Sameoto, D.D., 1982. Zooplankton and micronekton abundance in acoustic scattering layers on the Nova Scotian slope. Can. J. Fish. aquat. Sci., 39(5):760-777.
82:6178 Morioka, Yasuhiro, 1981. Zooplankton production in Toyama Bay [Japan] in March-May, 1978. Bull. Japan Sea reg. Fish. Res. Lab., 32:57-64.
Acoustic echograms showed relatively uniform backscattering over many kilometers of shelf water with an abrupt decrease in intensity at the shelf/ slope front. Dominant micronekton were a myctophid, Benthosema glaciale, and a euphausiid, Thysanoessa longicaudata. These forms probably caused the intense acoustic scattering and consumed most of the zooplankton during the spring, thus diverting energy from overall fish production. Bedford Inst. of Oceanogr., Dartmouth, NS B2Y 4A2, Canada. (mwf)
Production by 6 crustacean species was calculated by age-class analysis and Ikeda's physiological method. Mean daily production-biomass ratios differed between the 2 methods, but the approximate mean value is estimated at 0.05, and the daily production at 0.5 mg dry weight (2.5 mg wet weight)
82:6183 Smith, K.L. Jr., 1982. Zooplankton of a bathyal benthic boundary layer: in-situ rates of oxygen consumption and ammonium excretion. Limnol. Oceanogr., 27(3):461-471.