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Evaluation of Innovative Digital Flashcards in the Study of The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytology
Abstracts
S13
Table 1 CT 1
CT 2
CT 3
CT 4
CT 5
CT 6
CT 7
CT 8
CT 9
Frequency of use for each reference
Courses MD Anderson
O
Molecular Exam Review Virginia
O
Commonwealth University Lab Practicum Books Molecular Diagnostic:
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
Results: 83% (10/12) of residents reported utilizing the Cytopathology Sound Bites within the first month of release, and those who had not yet accessed them stated that they planned to in the future. Residents reported accessing the modules from work computers (80%, 8/10), home computers (80%, 8/10) and/or mobile devices (50%, 5/10). Easy accessibility, brevity, and self-assessments were uniformly reported as important variables contributing to Sound Bite utilization. Within one month of the release of the first Sound Bite, individual Sound Bites were accessed a total of 30 times. In contrast, existing Cytopathology slide sets are accessed only about once a month. Conclusions: Web-based “Sound Bite” tutorials represent a valuable and well-utilized adjunct to resident Cytopathology education. This model not only represents a valuable resource for trainees, but also offers instructors a method for recording and storage of teaching modules.
O
8
O
6
14
O
2
Evaluation of Innovative Digital Flashcards in the Study of The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytology
O
1
Fundamentals, Methods and Clinical Applications. Buckingham and Flaws Molecular Biology Made
O
O
O
Simple and Fun. David P. Clark One Renegade Cell Robert A. Weinberg Idiots Guide to Molecular Biology Need Author Flash Cards MGH set
O
O
O
Quizlet.com
O
Flashcarddb.com
O
Mock Exams (MD
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
7 1 1
O
O
O
O
O
O
9
Anderson) O
PowerPoints from
1
MD Anderson Online O
ASC Core Curriculum
O
O
O
4
MIT Opencourse Ware
O
1
Hologic Molecular
O
1
Materials Google
O
O O
Cytologystuff
O
Total reference materials
O
O
O
Wikipedia Youtube
8
9
4 1 1
O 6
Corinne L. Stephenson, MD, Prathima Tadikonda, MBBS, Marilyn M. Bui, MD, PhD, Barbara Centeno, MD H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
4
4
2 6
4
4
6
used per cytotech
13 Online “Sound Bites”: A Novel Method for Teaching and Learning Cytopathology Anne Mills, MD, Kristen Atkins, MD University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia Introduction: Medical education has seen a shift from hierarchical, lecture-centered instruction to learner-directed modalities including online tools. A host of studies have demonstrated the value of such “eLearning” tools, however, many focus primarily on medical students, and recommendations for residency sub-specialties are lacking. Cytopathology represents fertile ground for eLearning innovations due to the immense depth and breadth of knowledge required for mastery of this corner of Pathology. Materials and Methods: We addressed learning challenges faced by Pathology residents through 4 short (w10 minute) web-based tutorials (dubbed “Sound Bites”) covering selected topics in Cytopathology: 1) salivary gland tumors; 2) Bethesda Criteria for thyroid fine needle aspirations; 3) fluid interpretation; and 4) glandular lesions of the cervix. Sound Bites included “unknown” cases for self-assessment. We tracked utilization of these online modules and surveyed residents about their experiences using them. We compared resident access of Sound Bites to their utilization of existing Cytopathology glass slide study sets.
Introduction: In order to develop innovative ways to enhance residency training in medical knowledge and practice-based learning and improvement, this pilot study evaluated the utility of a digital flashcard (DF) method in studying of The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytology which is required reading for cytopathology trainees. Materials and Methods: Nine pathology residents were designated into book mainly (BM) and book-DF (BDF) groups. BM had access to the textbook +/- <20 minutes usage of DF. BDF had access to the book and usage of >60 minutes of DF. The DFs were created using the gFlash application (available for free download at www.gwhizmobile.com), which creates DFs with text, image, sound and video content that can be read on a mobile digital device. We customized the cards with 105 readiness questions (15 images and 90 texts) addressing the most important concepts and facts of Thyroid Bethesda. We created a two-sided notecard format that prioritizes missed notecards on subsequent iterations of the DF-stack. The trainees were given a 20-question pretest followed by a 30-question posttest after one week of study. The scores were analyzed using 2 sample t-test and Wilcoxon signed rank test. Results: Trainees in both groups (BDF 3 members vs. BM 6 members) had similar PGY level and cytology experience. The Overall average prestudy scores were similar in both groups. Both groups improved after study (Average overall score 22.3/30 vs.14.7/30, BDF vs. BM). Interestingly the median % improvement is greater with BDF for Overall, Text, and Image (Figure 1). The improvement in BDF is significantly better in Overall (pZ0.037) and almost significant in Image (pZ0.052). Conclusion: Digital flashcards are useful to enhance the study of The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytology. This innovative method should be used in other topics of Cytopathology graduate medical education to optimize practice improvement.
Figure 1 Median improvement in percentage scores in two groups comparing pretest to posttest results. BDF, Book and Digital Flashcards; BM, Book mainly.
S13
Table 1 CT 1
CT 2
CT 3
CT 4
CT 5
CT 6
CT 7
CT 8
CT 9
Frequency of use for each reference
Courses MD Anderson
O
Molecular Exam Review Virginia
O
Commonwealth University Lab Practicum Books Molecular Diagnostic:
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
Results: 83% (10/12) of residents reported utilizing the Cytopathology Sound Bites within the first month of release, and those who had not yet accessed them stated that they planned to in the future. Residents reported accessing the modules from work computers (80%, 8/10), home computers (80%, 8/10) and/or mobile devices (50%, 5/10). Easy accessibility, brevity, and self-assessments were uniformly reported as important variables contributing to Sound Bite utilization. Within one month of the release of the first Sound Bite, individual Sound Bites were accessed a total of 30 times. In contrast, existing Cytopathology slide sets are accessed only about once a month. Conclusions: Web-based “Sound Bite” tutorials represent a valuable and well-utilized adjunct to resident Cytopathology education. This model not only represents a valuable resource for trainees, but also offers instructors a method for recording and storage of teaching modules.
O
8
O
6
14
O
2
Evaluation of Innovative Digital Flashcards in the Study of The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytology
O
1
Fundamentals, Methods and Clinical Applications. Buckingham and Flaws Molecular Biology Made
O
O
O
Simple and Fun. David P. Clark One Renegade Cell Robert A. Weinberg Idiots Guide to Molecular Biology Need Author Flash Cards MGH set
O
O
O
Quizlet.com
O
Flashcarddb.com
O
Mock Exams (MD
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
7 1 1
O
O
O
O
O
O
9
Anderson) O
PowerPoints from
1
MD Anderson Online O
ASC Core Curriculum
O
O
O
4
MIT Opencourse Ware
O
1
Hologic Molecular
O
1
Materials Google
O
O O
Cytologystuff
O
Total reference materials
O
O
O
Wikipedia Youtube
8
9
4 1 1
O 6
Corinne L. Stephenson, MD, Prathima Tadikonda, MBBS, Marilyn M. Bui, MD, PhD, Barbara Centeno, MD H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
4
4
2 6
4
4
6
used per cytotech
13 Online “Sound Bites”: A Novel Method for Teaching and Learning Cytopathology Anne Mills, MD, Kristen Atkins, MD University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia Introduction: Medical education has seen a shift from hierarchical, lecture-centered instruction to learner-directed modalities including online tools. A host of studies have demonstrated the value of such “eLearning” tools, however, many focus primarily on medical students, and recommendations for residency sub-specialties are lacking. Cytopathology represents fertile ground for eLearning innovations due to the immense depth and breadth of knowledge required for mastery of this corner of Pathology. Materials and Methods: We addressed learning challenges faced by Pathology residents through 4 short (w10 minute) web-based tutorials (dubbed “Sound Bites”) covering selected topics in Cytopathology: 1) salivary gland tumors; 2) Bethesda Criteria for thyroid fine needle aspirations; 3) fluid interpretation; and 4) glandular lesions of the cervix. Sound Bites included “unknown” cases for self-assessment. We tracked utilization of these online modules and surveyed residents about their experiences using them. We compared resident access of Sound Bites to their utilization of existing Cytopathology glass slide study sets.
Introduction: In order to develop innovative ways to enhance residency training in medical knowledge and practice-based learning and improvement, this pilot study evaluated the utility of a digital flashcard (DF) method in studying of The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytology which is required reading for cytopathology trainees. Materials and Methods: Nine pathology residents were designated into book mainly (BM) and book-DF (BDF) groups. BM had access to the textbook +/- <20 minutes usage of DF. BDF had access to the book and usage of >60 minutes of DF. The DFs were created using the gFlash application (available for free download at www.gwhizmobile.com), which creates DFs with text, image, sound and video content that can be read on a mobile digital device. We customized the cards with 105 readiness questions (15 images and 90 texts) addressing the most important concepts and facts of Thyroid Bethesda. We created a two-sided notecard format that prioritizes missed notecards on subsequent iterations of the DF-stack. The trainees were given a 20-question pretest followed by a 30-question posttest after one week of study. The scores were analyzed using 2 sample t-test and Wilcoxon signed rank test. Results: Trainees in both groups (BDF 3 members vs. BM 6 members) had similar PGY level and cytology experience. The Overall average prestudy scores were similar in both groups. Both groups improved after study (Average overall score 22.3/30 vs.14.7/30, BDF vs. BM). Interestingly the median % improvement is greater with BDF for Overall, Text, and Image (Figure 1). The improvement in BDF is significantly better in Overall (pZ0.037) and almost significant in Image (pZ0.052). Conclusion: Digital flashcards are useful to enhance the study of The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytology. This innovative method should be used in other topics of Cytopathology graduate medical education to optimize practice improvement.
Figure 1 Median improvement in percentage scores in two groups comparing pretest to posttest results. BDF, Book and Digital Flashcards; BM, Book mainly.