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First discovery of the tribe Ceracini, with a newly recorded genus and species (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in Korea
Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity 10 (2017) 228e231
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity journal homepage: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/japb
Original article
First discovery of the tribe Ceracini, with a newly recorded genus and species (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in Korea Bong-Kyu Byun a, *, Un-Hong Heo b, Bong-Woo Lee c a
Department of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Hannam University, Daejeon, South Korea 107-604 Sinwon Arsis, Haeryong-myon, Suncheon, Jeonnam 38613, South Korea c Division of Forest Biodiversity, Korea National Arboretum, Pocheon, South Korea b
a r t i c l e i n f o
a b s t r a c t
Article history: Received 12 April 2017 Received in revised form 21 April 2017 Accepted 24 April 2017 Available online 10 May 2017
In the present study, we report the conspicuous leaf-roller tribe Ceracini for the first time based on Cerace xanthocosma Diakonoff, 1950 in Korea. Adult and female genitalic characteristics are examined and illustrated with collecting localites. Moreover, the host plant for the species is recorded first in Korea. Copyright Ó 2017, National Science Museum of Korea (NSMK) and Korea National Arboretum (KNA). Production and hosting by Elsevier. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Keywords: Cerace Korea Lepidoptera new record Tortricidae
Introduction The Ceracini belonging to Tortricidae has been known from India to China, with 18 described species worldwide (Brown 2005). This tribe of Tortricidae comprises only four genera: Bathypluta, Cerace, Eurydoxa, and Pentacitrotus. Among them, the genus Cerace has been known as a southern species and is distributed in the northeast of India, South China, Southeast Asia, and south of Japan. Eurydoxa is distributed rather northward, reaching to north of Japan, and Russian Far East and Northeast China (Brown 2005; Kawabe 1991; Kuznetsov 1973; Yasuda 1965). Meanwhile, Pentacitrotus is known from northeast India to middle of China. Bathypluta has been found from south of Indonesia and north of Australia. This tribe is one of the easily recognizable groups with colorful and large-sized leaf-rollers (Heppner and Bae 2010). The tribe has been studied especially for its taxonomic status, which was placed by Diakonoff (1970) in the tribal level under Tortricidae, which has been treated as a family level (Diakonoff 1970). Diakonoff (1950) reviewed this group as a familial level. Most members of the tribe
* Corresponding author. Tel.: þ82 42 629 8892; fax: þ82 42 629 8750. E-mail address: [email protected] (B.-K. Byun). Peer review under responsibility of National Science Museum of Korea (NSMK) and Korea National Arboretum (KNA).
are diurnally active (Heppner and Bae 2010). Kawabe (1991) presented the world catalogue and illustration of the known species in the world. The tribe has been reported in India, China, Japan, Russian Far East, and Southeast Asia. However, it has not been reported in Korea to date. Recently, we found one species of the tribe, Cerace xanthocosma Diakonoff, for the first time in the southern area of Korea, which is close to Is. Tsusima, Japan (Figure 1A). We consider this finding very important in order to understand the biogeographic characteristics of the tribe. Thus, there is a need to clarify the fauna with host plants in the Korean peninsula in the future. This aim of this study to report the tribe with a newly recorded species, C. xanthocosma Diakonoff, for the first time from Korea, including all the known information, collecting locality, host plant, and distributional range. Materials and methods Materials examined in the present study are preserved at the Korea National Arboretum (KNIC/KNA), Pocheon, Korea. Female genitalia were dissected and examined after mounting with glycerol solution and Euparal solution for identification of the species. Photographs of adults and genitalic structures of the species were taken using a Pax cam digital camera (PAXcam Microscope Cameras Co., Chicago, IL, USA) attached to a Carl Zeiss Axio Imager A1 microscope (Carl Zeiss Ltd., Cambridge, MA, USA).
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.japb.2017.04.013 pISSN2287-884X eISSN2287-9544/Copyright Ó 2017, National Science Museum of Korea (NSMK) and Korea National Arboretum (KNA). Production and hosting by Elsevier. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
BK Byun et al. / Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity 10 (2017) 228e231
229
Figure 1. Cerace xanthocosma Diakonoff in Korea: A, Collected locality. B, Adult female. C, Head part.
Taxonomic accounts Order Lepidoptera Linnaeus, 1758 Family Tortricidae, Latreille, 1803 Subfamily Tortricinae Latreille, 1803 Tribe Ceracini Cotes & Swinhoe, 1889 Genus Cerace Walker, 1863: 422. Type species: Cerace stipatana Walker Cerace xanthocosma Diakonoff, 1950 센달나무잎말이나방 (신칭) (Figures 1B and 1C, 2Ae2C) Cerace xanthocosma Diakonoff, 1950: 197. Type locality: Honshu, Japan. Cerace guttana Esaki (nec Felder), 1932: 1449. Type locality: India. Diagnosis. This species is similar to C. guttana Felder (Felder 1875), which distributed in North India and synonymized with C. onustana Walker, but it can be distinguished by a rather bright yellow coloring, with only a few very small dots around the apex, dull light yellowish-orange, mostly tinged ochreous in ground color and dull grayish black in marking (Diakonoff 1950). Adult (Figure 1B and C). Male. Unknown. Female: wingspan 56 mm. Head and antenna black. Palpus creamy, blackish dorsally on median segment and terminal area. Antennae thin, black with white band on each segment, base of antenna covered with blackish scales. Thorax black dorsally, with two rounded creamy spots on upper side and two spots on lower side, respectively, a creamy spot near border of abdomen. Abdomen yellowish orange, thick blackish dorsal bands along each segments, pale yellow ventrally. Legs pale yellowish orange, middle of tibia black; tarsi black, rather darker terminally. Costa of forewing rather abruptly curved basally, then almost straight medially, then gently curved at
subapical area, apex a bit rounded, termen strongly oblique, with a bit broad yellowish orange area along termen, six blackish scales spot along the end of termen; two thick reddish-brown running to the termen originating from the end of cell medially. Ground color black, a dozen of narrow creamy whitish patterns developed along the cota toward the middle, reaching up to nearly one-third of the width of forewing, then six rows of small creamy whitish spots running from base to termen; cilia black with white streaks on veins. Hindwing subquadrate, somewhat ovate toward apex, rather weak light yellowish orange, markings dull brownish black; irregular rounded dots forming a row sometimes connected with each other rather densely developed beneath the cell, a bit regular at the anal half, rather fewer beyond the cell and terminal veins of apex, color rather lighter costally from base to middle, dozens of very tiny black dots along the veins; cilia orangeeyellow, tiny black dots sometimes along the termen. Male genitalia. Unknown. Female genitalia (Figure 2AeC). Seventh segment of abdomen well sclerotized ventrally, with a deep emargination medially. Ostium bursae rather broad, strongly sclerotized, cup shaped, narrowed after entrance, curved, membranous along the side. Ductus bursae very long, wide, coiled at entrance. Corpus bursae almost rounded, large, with a big signum, folded medially with a patch of dentated part. Material examined. 1\, Is. Jishim-do, Geoje-city, Prov. Gyeonsannam-do, Korea, 28 v 2016 (UH Heo), reared on the leaves of Machilus japonica Siebold & Zucc. collected on 6 iv 2016 from the same locality, gen. slide. no. HNU4353. Distribution. Korea (new record), Japan. Host plant. The larva of the species feeds on the leaves of Machilus japonica Siebold & Zucc. (Lauraceae) in Korea.
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BK Byun et al. / Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity 10 (2017) 228e231
Figure 2. Genitalia of Cerace xanthocosma Diakonoff: A, Female genitalia. B, Ditto, ostium bursae. C, Ditto, signum.
Figure 3. Larva and pupa of Cerace xanthocosma Diakonoff: A, Young larva between two tied leaves (10 mm in length); B, Middle frown larva (15 mm in length); C, Grown larva (30 mm in length); D, Pre-pupa within the rough cocoon.
BK Byun et al. / Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity 10 (2017) 228e231
Remarks. The larvae are polyphagous and have been recorded feeding on Quercus acuta, Punica granatum, Magnolia grandiflora, Ilex pedunculosa, Acer palmatum, Clethra barvinensis, Pieris japonica, Lyonia ovalifolia, Prunus sp., and Cinnamonum sp. There are two generations per year in Japan (Yasuda 1965; Kuznetsov 1988). In this study, Machilus japonica Siebold & Zucc. was reported for the first time as the host plant. The young larva is dark green with black head, bearing two rows of small spots dorsally. The color of grown larva is rather pale yellow on middle, within the rough silks between the leaves. Pupation takes place within the rough cocoon (Figure 3AeD). Conflicts of interest The authors declare that there is no conflicts of interest. Acknowledgments We thank Miss HK Yoon for taking photographs of adult specimens in this study (Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Hannam University, Korea.) This study was carried out with the support of the “R&D Program for Forestry Technology (Project No. S111616L030110)” provided by the Korea Forest Service and Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (grant number: 2016R1D1A2B03934633). References Brown JW. 2005. Tortricidae (Lepidoptera). In: Brown JW, editor. World catalogue of insects, vol. 5. Stenstrup: Apollo Books.
231
Cotes EC, Swinhoe CC. 1887e1889. A catalogue of moths of India: Part IeVI. Sphinges, Bombyces, Noctues, Pseudo-Deltoids and Deltoids, Geometrites, Pyrales, Crambites, Tortrices and Addenda. Calcutta: The Trustees of the Indian Museum. Diakonoff A. 1950. A revision of the family Ceracidae (Lepidoptera Tortricoidea). Bulletin of the British Museum Natural History (Entomology) 1:171e219. Diakonoff A. 1970. Notes on the Ceracini (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae). Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 113:91e103. Esaki T. 1932. Iconographia insectorum Japonicorum (Nippon Konchu Zukan). Tokyo: Hokuryukan. Felder R. 1875. Lepidoptera atlas. In: Felder C, Felder R, Rogenhofer AF, editors. Reise der österreichischen Fregatte Novara um die Erde in den Jahren 1857, 1858, 1859 unter den Befehlen des Commodore B. von Wüllerstorf-Urbair. Zoologischer Theil. 2, Heft 4. Wien: Kaiserlich-Konigiche Hof. Und Staatsdruckerei. pp. 108e 140. Heppner JB, Bae YS. 2010. Notes on Taiwan moths 6. Cerace stipatana (Lepdioptera: Tortiricidae: Tortricinae). Lepidoptera Novae 3:195e198. Kawabe A. 1991. Notes on the species of the Ceracini of the world (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae). Journal of the Natural History of Japan 1:1e8. Kuznetsov VI. 1973. Leaf-rollers (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae) of the southern part of the Soviet Far East and their seasonal cycles. In: Kryzhanovskii OL, Davis DR, editors. Lepidopterous fauna of the USSR and adjacent countries. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Libraries and the National Science Foundation. pp. 57e 249. Kuznetsov VI. 1988. Leaf-rollers (Lepdioptera, Tortricidae) of the southern part of the Soviet Far East and their seasonal cycles. In: Kryzhanovskii OL, editor. Lepidopterous fauna of the USSR and Adjacent Countries. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Libraries and the National Science Foundation. pp. 57e 249. Latreille PA. 1802e1803. Histoire naturelle generate et particuliere des Crustaces et des Insectes 3. Paris: F. Dufart [in French]. Linnaeus C. 1758. Systema naturae. 10th ed. Stockholm: Laurentius Salvius. Walker F. 1863. Tortrices & Tineites. In: Walker F, editor. List of the specimens of Lepidopterous insects in the collection of the British Mueum. London: British Museum. Yasuda T. 1965. A study of the Japanese Tortircidae II. Konyu 33:1e6.
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity journal homepage: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/japb
Original article
First discovery of the tribe Ceracini, with a newly recorded genus and species (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in Korea Bong-Kyu Byun a, *, Un-Hong Heo b, Bong-Woo Lee c a
Department of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Hannam University, Daejeon, South Korea 107-604 Sinwon Arsis, Haeryong-myon, Suncheon, Jeonnam 38613, South Korea c Division of Forest Biodiversity, Korea National Arboretum, Pocheon, South Korea b
a r t i c l e i n f o
a b s t r a c t
Article history: Received 12 April 2017 Received in revised form 21 April 2017 Accepted 24 April 2017 Available online 10 May 2017
In the present study, we report the conspicuous leaf-roller tribe Ceracini for the first time based on Cerace xanthocosma Diakonoff, 1950 in Korea. Adult and female genitalic characteristics are examined and illustrated with collecting localites. Moreover, the host plant for the species is recorded first in Korea. Copyright Ó 2017, National Science Museum of Korea (NSMK) and Korea National Arboretum (KNA). Production and hosting by Elsevier. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Keywords: Cerace Korea Lepidoptera new record Tortricidae
Introduction The Ceracini belonging to Tortricidae has been known from India to China, with 18 described species worldwide (Brown 2005). This tribe of Tortricidae comprises only four genera: Bathypluta, Cerace, Eurydoxa, and Pentacitrotus. Among them, the genus Cerace has been known as a southern species and is distributed in the northeast of India, South China, Southeast Asia, and south of Japan. Eurydoxa is distributed rather northward, reaching to north of Japan, and Russian Far East and Northeast China (Brown 2005; Kawabe 1991; Kuznetsov 1973; Yasuda 1965). Meanwhile, Pentacitrotus is known from northeast India to middle of China. Bathypluta has been found from south of Indonesia and north of Australia. This tribe is one of the easily recognizable groups with colorful and large-sized leaf-rollers (Heppner and Bae 2010). The tribe has been studied especially for its taxonomic status, which was placed by Diakonoff (1970) in the tribal level under Tortricidae, which has been treated as a family level (Diakonoff 1970). Diakonoff (1950) reviewed this group as a familial level. Most members of the tribe
* Corresponding author. Tel.: þ82 42 629 8892; fax: þ82 42 629 8750. E-mail address: [email protected] (B.-K. Byun). Peer review under responsibility of National Science Museum of Korea (NSMK) and Korea National Arboretum (KNA).
are diurnally active (Heppner and Bae 2010). Kawabe (1991) presented the world catalogue and illustration of the known species in the world. The tribe has been reported in India, China, Japan, Russian Far East, and Southeast Asia. However, it has not been reported in Korea to date. Recently, we found one species of the tribe, Cerace xanthocosma Diakonoff, for the first time in the southern area of Korea, which is close to Is. Tsusima, Japan (Figure 1A). We consider this finding very important in order to understand the biogeographic characteristics of the tribe. Thus, there is a need to clarify the fauna with host plants in the Korean peninsula in the future. This aim of this study to report the tribe with a newly recorded species, C. xanthocosma Diakonoff, for the first time from Korea, including all the known information, collecting locality, host plant, and distributional range. Materials and methods Materials examined in the present study are preserved at the Korea National Arboretum (KNIC/KNA), Pocheon, Korea. Female genitalia were dissected and examined after mounting with glycerol solution and Euparal solution for identification of the species. Photographs of adults and genitalic structures of the species were taken using a Pax cam digital camera (PAXcam Microscope Cameras Co., Chicago, IL, USA) attached to a Carl Zeiss Axio Imager A1 microscope (Carl Zeiss Ltd., Cambridge, MA, USA).
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.japb.2017.04.013 pISSN2287-884X eISSN2287-9544/Copyright Ó 2017, National Science Museum of Korea (NSMK) and Korea National Arboretum (KNA). Production and hosting by Elsevier. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
BK Byun et al. / Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity 10 (2017) 228e231
229
Figure 1. Cerace xanthocosma Diakonoff in Korea: A, Collected locality. B, Adult female. C, Head part.
Taxonomic accounts Order Lepidoptera Linnaeus, 1758 Family Tortricidae, Latreille, 1803 Subfamily Tortricinae Latreille, 1803 Tribe Ceracini Cotes & Swinhoe, 1889 Genus Cerace Walker, 1863: 422. Type species: Cerace stipatana Walker Cerace xanthocosma Diakonoff, 1950 센달나무잎말이나방 (신칭) (Figures 1B and 1C, 2Ae2C) Cerace xanthocosma Diakonoff, 1950: 197. Type locality: Honshu, Japan. Cerace guttana Esaki (nec Felder), 1932: 1449. Type locality: India. Diagnosis. This species is similar to C. guttana Felder (Felder 1875), which distributed in North India and synonymized with C. onustana Walker, but it can be distinguished by a rather bright yellow coloring, with only a few very small dots around the apex, dull light yellowish-orange, mostly tinged ochreous in ground color and dull grayish black in marking (Diakonoff 1950). Adult (Figure 1B and C). Male. Unknown. Female: wingspan 56 mm. Head and antenna black. Palpus creamy, blackish dorsally on median segment and terminal area. Antennae thin, black with white band on each segment, base of antenna covered with blackish scales. Thorax black dorsally, with two rounded creamy spots on upper side and two spots on lower side, respectively, a creamy spot near border of abdomen. Abdomen yellowish orange, thick blackish dorsal bands along each segments, pale yellow ventrally. Legs pale yellowish orange, middle of tibia black; tarsi black, rather darker terminally. Costa of forewing rather abruptly curved basally, then almost straight medially, then gently curved at
subapical area, apex a bit rounded, termen strongly oblique, with a bit broad yellowish orange area along termen, six blackish scales spot along the end of termen; two thick reddish-brown running to the termen originating from the end of cell medially. Ground color black, a dozen of narrow creamy whitish patterns developed along the cota toward the middle, reaching up to nearly one-third of the width of forewing, then six rows of small creamy whitish spots running from base to termen; cilia black with white streaks on veins. Hindwing subquadrate, somewhat ovate toward apex, rather weak light yellowish orange, markings dull brownish black; irregular rounded dots forming a row sometimes connected with each other rather densely developed beneath the cell, a bit regular at the anal half, rather fewer beyond the cell and terminal veins of apex, color rather lighter costally from base to middle, dozens of very tiny black dots along the veins; cilia orangeeyellow, tiny black dots sometimes along the termen. Male genitalia. Unknown. Female genitalia (Figure 2AeC). Seventh segment of abdomen well sclerotized ventrally, with a deep emargination medially. Ostium bursae rather broad, strongly sclerotized, cup shaped, narrowed after entrance, curved, membranous along the side. Ductus bursae very long, wide, coiled at entrance. Corpus bursae almost rounded, large, with a big signum, folded medially with a patch of dentated part. Material examined. 1\, Is. Jishim-do, Geoje-city, Prov. Gyeonsannam-do, Korea, 28 v 2016 (UH Heo), reared on the leaves of Machilus japonica Siebold & Zucc. collected on 6 iv 2016 from the same locality, gen. slide. no. HNU4353. Distribution. Korea (new record), Japan. Host plant. The larva of the species feeds on the leaves of Machilus japonica Siebold & Zucc. (Lauraceae) in Korea.
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BK Byun et al. / Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity 10 (2017) 228e231
Figure 2. Genitalia of Cerace xanthocosma Diakonoff: A, Female genitalia. B, Ditto, ostium bursae. C, Ditto, signum.
Figure 3. Larva and pupa of Cerace xanthocosma Diakonoff: A, Young larva between two tied leaves (10 mm in length); B, Middle frown larva (15 mm in length); C, Grown larva (30 mm in length); D, Pre-pupa within the rough cocoon.
BK Byun et al. / Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity 10 (2017) 228e231
Remarks. The larvae are polyphagous and have been recorded feeding on Quercus acuta, Punica granatum, Magnolia grandiflora, Ilex pedunculosa, Acer palmatum, Clethra barvinensis, Pieris japonica, Lyonia ovalifolia, Prunus sp., and Cinnamonum sp. There are two generations per year in Japan (Yasuda 1965; Kuznetsov 1988). In this study, Machilus japonica Siebold & Zucc. was reported for the first time as the host plant. The young larva is dark green with black head, bearing two rows of small spots dorsally. The color of grown larva is rather pale yellow on middle, within the rough silks between the leaves. Pupation takes place within the rough cocoon (Figure 3AeD). Conflicts of interest The authors declare that there is no conflicts of interest. Acknowledgments We thank Miss HK Yoon for taking photographs of adult specimens in this study (Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Hannam University, Korea.) This study was carried out with the support of the “R&D Program for Forestry Technology (Project No. S111616L030110)” provided by the Korea Forest Service and Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (grant number: 2016R1D1A2B03934633). References Brown JW. 2005. Tortricidae (Lepidoptera). In: Brown JW, editor. World catalogue of insects, vol. 5. Stenstrup: Apollo Books.
231
Cotes EC, Swinhoe CC. 1887e1889. A catalogue of moths of India: Part IeVI. Sphinges, Bombyces, Noctues, Pseudo-Deltoids and Deltoids, Geometrites, Pyrales, Crambites, Tortrices and Addenda. Calcutta: The Trustees of the Indian Museum. Diakonoff A. 1950. A revision of the family Ceracidae (Lepidoptera Tortricoidea). Bulletin of the British Museum Natural History (Entomology) 1:171e219. Diakonoff A. 1970. Notes on the Ceracini (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae). Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 113:91e103. Esaki T. 1932. Iconographia insectorum Japonicorum (Nippon Konchu Zukan). Tokyo: Hokuryukan. Felder R. 1875. Lepidoptera atlas. In: Felder C, Felder R, Rogenhofer AF, editors. Reise der österreichischen Fregatte Novara um die Erde in den Jahren 1857, 1858, 1859 unter den Befehlen des Commodore B. von Wüllerstorf-Urbair. Zoologischer Theil. 2, Heft 4. Wien: Kaiserlich-Konigiche Hof. Und Staatsdruckerei. pp. 108e 140. Heppner JB, Bae YS. 2010. Notes on Taiwan moths 6. Cerace stipatana (Lepdioptera: Tortiricidae: Tortricinae). Lepidoptera Novae 3:195e198. Kawabe A. 1991. Notes on the species of the Ceracini of the world (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae). Journal of the Natural History of Japan 1:1e8. Kuznetsov VI. 1973. Leaf-rollers (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae) of the southern part of the Soviet Far East and their seasonal cycles. In: Kryzhanovskii OL, Davis DR, editors. Lepidopterous fauna of the USSR and adjacent countries. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Libraries and the National Science Foundation. pp. 57e 249. Kuznetsov VI. 1988. Leaf-rollers (Lepdioptera, Tortricidae) of the southern part of the Soviet Far East and their seasonal cycles. In: Kryzhanovskii OL, editor. Lepidopterous fauna of the USSR and Adjacent Countries. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Libraries and the National Science Foundation. pp. 57e 249. Latreille PA. 1802e1803. Histoire naturelle generate et particuliere des Crustaces et des Insectes 3. Paris: F. Dufart [in French]. Linnaeus C. 1758. Systema naturae. 10th ed. Stockholm: Laurentius Salvius. Walker F. 1863. Tortrices & Tineites. In: Walker F, editor. List of the specimens of Lepidopterous insects in the collection of the British Mueum. London: British Museum. Yasuda T. 1965. A study of the Japanese Tortircidae II. Konyu 33:1e6.