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Review of the keratophagous genus Niditinea Petersen, 1957 (Lepidoptera, Tineidae) from Korea, with two newly recorded species
Journal Pre-proof Review of the keratophagous genus Niditinea Petersen, 1957 (Lepidoptera, Tineidae) from Korea, with two newly recorded species Dong-June Lee, Neung-Ho Ahn, Ulziijargal Bayarsaikhan, Jae-Ho Ko, Tak-Gi Lee, Young-Bin Cha, Yang-Seop Bae PII:
S2287-884X(19)30365-6
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japb.2019.11.001
Reference:
JAPB 460
To appear in:
Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity
Received Date: 25 September 2019 Revised Date:
31 October 2019
Accepted Date: 1 November 2019
Please cite this article as: Lee D-J, Ahn N-H, Bayarsaikhan U, Ko J-H, Lee T-G, Cha Y-B, Bae Y-S, Review of the keratophagous genus Niditinea Petersen, 1957 (Lepidoptera, Tineidae) from Korea, with two newly recorded species, Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity, https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.japb.2019.11.001. This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. © 2019 National Science Museum of Korea (NSMK) and Korea National Arboretum (KNA), Publishing Services by Elsevier.
Review of the keratophagous genus Niditinea Petersen, 1957 (Lepidoptera, Tineidae) from Korea, with two newly recorded species Dong-June Lee a, Neung-Ho Ahn b, Ulziijargal Bayarsaikhan a, Jae-Ho Ko a, Tak-Gi Lee a, Young-Bin Cha a, Yang-Seop Bae a,c, * a
Department of Life Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, South Korea.
b
National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, 22689, South Korea.
c
Bio-Resource and Environmental Center, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, South Korea.
*corresponding author: [email protected] Tel. +82-32-835-8246. Running title: Review of Korean Niditinea.
Abstract: The genus Niditinea Petersen, 1957, belonging to the subfamily Tineinae of Tineidae in Korea is reviewed with three recognized species: one little known species, N. baryspialas (Meyrick) and two newly recorded species, N. fuscella (Linnaeus) and N. striolella (Matsumura). Illustrations of adults and genitalia of all known Korean Niditinea species are provided. Key words: Genital morphology, chitinophagous, new record, Tineinae, wing venation.
Introduction Many species of the subfamily Tineinae, such as Tinea, Niditinea and Monopis etc. have been reported in bird nest, feces and wool products. The larvae of these moths feed on keratin and chitin sources, such as feather, fur, pellets, arthropod remains, guano and wool (Robinson 1988; Robinson & Nielsen 1993; Lee et al 2016). The genus Niditinea Petersen, 1957 of the subfamily Tineinae is based on the type species Tinea fuscipunctella Haworth, 1828. The Niditinea comprises 14 valid species, which are widespread and diverse throughout the Palaearctic to Oriental region, but poorly distributed in the Nearctic to Neotropical region (Robinson 2009; Metz et al 2018). Among them, seven species are distributed in the Palaearctic region (Gaedike 2019). In Korea only one species, N. barispilas (Meyrick, 1937) has been recorded to date (Ponomarenko & Park 1996). In this study, genus Niditinea are reviewed from Korea, with two additional species, N. fuscella (Linnaeus, 1758) and N. striolella (Matsumura, 1931).
Material and methods Specimens examined are mainly based on materials collected from Korea during 1974 – 2015 in this study. The specimens were collected using light traps with a mercury vapor lamp (220V/200W, Dongseong Co., Korea) and four black light lamps (FL20SbL, Kumho Co., Korea). Genitalia were dissected and examined under Leica EZ4 stereo-microscope (Leica, Wetzlar, Germany). Images of adults and genitalia were taken using a Cannon EOS 50D
digital camera attached to a Cannon EF 100 mm F2.8 Macro USM lens (Cannon, Inc., Tokyo, Japan) and a Leica DM 2500 microscope attached with Leica ICC50 E (Leica, Wetzlar, Germany). Voucher specimens are deposited in the Bio-Resource and Environmental Center, Incheon National University, Korea. Terminology and morphological characters of the adult, wing venation, and genitalia follow Robinson (1976), Common (1987), Robinson and Nielsen (1993). Abbreviations used herein are as follows: GG: Gyeonggi-do; CB: Chungcheongbuk-do; INU: Incheon National University; TS: Type species; TL: Type locality.
Systematic accounts Family Tineidae Latreille, 1810 Subfamily Tineinae Latreille, 1810
Genus Niditinea Petersen, 1957 Niditinea Petersen, 1957: 134. TS: Tinea fuscipunctella Haworth, 1828. TL: United Kingdom. Tineidia Zagulyaev, 1960: 190. Type species not designated.
General morphology. Adults are generally small to medium sized (wingspan 9 – 20 mm), with distinct three or more dots, tinged with fuscous scales of forewing in the most species. Head covered with pale white to light yellow scales. Wing venation is usually complete (Figure 1). Genitalia are characterized by the following characters: uncus triangular, apex pointed and tightly hooked; gnathos arms stout, tightly curved; valva simple or complex with nodular or flange like subapical process in male genitalia; 8th tergite strongly articulated, with apophyses anteriores by dorsal rami; ostium simple and narrow, 8th sternite semi ovate, posteriorly emarginate; corpus bursae with two blade like signa, each bearing some spines in female genitalia (Gaedike 2019). Remarks. The member of the genus Niditinea have been reported as keratophagous or chitiniphagous (Robinson 1988; Robinson & Nielsen 1993). Also reported attack to the stored food products (Hinton 1956), however Zagulyaev (1960) noted that, Niditinea cannot occur from stored food products, before infestation by the other arthropod. It seems to Niditinea consumed arthropod remains.
Key to the Korean speices of Niditinea based on the male genitalia 1. Saccus (Linnaeus)
with
broad
tip……..................................................................N.
fuscella
- Saccus with tapered tip………………………......................................................................2 2. Valva with strongly sclerotized tip at apex …………………………..N. baryspilas (Meyrick) -Valva without strongly sclerotized tip at apex ………………………N. striolella (Matsumura)
Niditinea fuscella (Linnaeus, 1758) (Figures 1A, 2A, 3A) Tinea fuscella Linnaeus, 1758: 539. TL: Sweden. Tinea spretella Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775: 142. TL: Austria. Tinea crinitella Schrank, 1802: 109. TL: Germany. Tinea fuscipunctella Harworth, 1828: 562. TL: United Kingdom. Tinea nubilipennella Clemens, 1859: 259. TL: U.S.A. Tinea abligatella Walker, 1863: 476. TL: South Africa. Oecophora frigidella Packard, 1867: 62. TL: Canada. Tinea griseella Chambers, 1873: 88. TL: USA. Tinea eurinella Zagulyaev, 1952: 284. TL: Russia (Far East). Tinea distans Gozmány, 1959: 343. TL: Afghanistan.
Adult (Figure 2A). Wingspan 10 – 18 mm. Head: vertex and frons covered in light brown hair like scales; labial palpus clothed with creamy white scales and dark-brown scales laterally. Antenna filiform, dark brown in basal, light brown in distal; scape dark brown. Maxillary palpus covered with creamy white scales. Thorax brown, dark brown scales in anteriorly on tegula. Forewing ground color yellowish-brown, scattered dark brown scales and distinct five dots in middle of median area; approximately 3.1 – 3.3 times as long as wide including fringe (about 4 – 4.2 times as long as excluding fringe). Hindwing ground color glossy grayish white; approximately 2.1 – 2.3 times as long as wide including fringe (about 3 – 3.2 times as long as excluding fringe). Male genitalia (Figure 3A). Uncus triangular, hook-like tip, covered with numerous setae laterally. A pair of gnathos arms curved. Valva basally broad, costal edge straight, ventral edge in first half convex, apex truncate, subapically on inside with a process and fold, as long as length of saccus, with numerous setae inwardly. Saccus elongate with strongly broadened. Aedeagus cylindrical, broader to basally, about 1.2 times as long as length of saccus. Female genitalia. 8th sternite posterior edge variable in shape. Ductus bursae strongly sclerotized basally. Corpus bursae with two blade-shaped signa with more strongly sclerotized longitudinal keel, anteriorly with two or three short spines and with two separatr spine-like signa (after Gaedike 2019). Material examined. 3♂, Korea, Gyeongseo-dong, Seo-gu, Incheon-si, GG, 28 xii 2010 (N. H. Ahn), genitalia slide no. INU – 5633. Distribution. Korea (GG), Japan, China, Russia, Europe (United Kingdom, France, Germany, Belgium, Netherland, Sweden, Austria), Afghanistan, Australia, USA, Canada, South Africa.
Remarks. N. fuscella (Linnaeus) is recorded for the first time from Korea. This species is infester of bird`s nests. The larvae feed on keratin and chitin sources, such as feathers of bird and arthropod remains (Hinton 1956; Zagulyaev 1960; Robinson & Nielsen 1993).
Niditinea striolella (Matsumura, 1931) (Figures 1B, 2B, 3B) Tinea striolella Matsumura, 1931: 1108. TL: Japan. Tinea semidivisa Meyrick, 1934: 480. TL: Japan. Tinea piercella Bentinck, 1935: 238. TL: Netherlands. Niditinea ignotella Zagulyaev, 1956: 154. TL: Russia (Far East). Niditinea distinguenda Petersen, 1957: 136. TL: Europe. Tinea pacifella Zagulyaev, 1960: 205. TL: Russia (Far East).
Adult (Figure 2B). Wingspan 10 – 17 mm. Head: vertex and frons covered in yellowishbrown hair like scales; labial palpus clothed with creamy white scales and brown scales laterally. Antenna filiform, brown in basal, light brown in distal; scape light brown. Maxillary palpus covered with creamy white scales. Thorax brown, dark brown scales in anteriorly on tegula. Forewing ground color yellowish-brown, scattered dark brown scales; approximately 2.8 – 3.2 times as long as wide including fringe (about 3.8 – 4 times as long as excluding fringe). Hindwing ground color glossy grayish white; approximately 2 – 2.2 times as long as wide including fringe (about 2.8 – 3.0 times as long as excluding fringe). Male genitalia (Figure 3B). Uncus triangular, hook-like tip, covered with numerous setae laterally. A pair of gnathos arms curved, with strongly sclerotized tip. Valva basally broad, costal edge angled, ventral edge convex with numerous setae inwardly, about 1.2 times as long as length of saccus. Saccus elongate, with tapered tip. Aedeagus cylindrical, strongly broadened (almost three times) in basal half, as long as length of saccus. Female genitalia. 8th sternite posterior edge semicircular. Ductus bursae strongly sclerotized basally. Corpus bursae with two blade-shaped signa, broad and obliquely truncated anteriorly, narrower to pointed posterior end, on the one anterior edge a long needle-shaped spine, and with two separate spines (after Gaedike 2019). Material examined. 1♂, Korea, Lake Yuklim, Gwangneung, Pocheon-si, GG, 27 v 2008 (S. Y. Park, B. W. Lee, S. R. Kim, and D. H. Kwon), genitalia slide no. INU – 5639. Distribution. Korea (GG), Russia (Far East, Siberia), Turkey, Nepal, United Kingdom, France, Netherlands, USA. Remarks. Niditinea striolella is recorded for the first time from Korea. Species is frequently reared from nest box (Pelham-Clinton 1985).
Niditinea baryspilas (Meyrick, 1937) (Figures 1C, 2C, 3C, 4A, 4B, 4C)
Tinea baryspilas Meyrick, 1937: 112. TL: India. Tinea unnipunctella Zagulyaev, 1960: 201. TL: Turkmenistan.
Adult (Figure 2C). Wingspan 9 – 15 mm. Head: vertex and frons covered in grayish-brown hair like scales; labial palpus clothed with yellowish-brown scales and dark-brown scales laterally. Antenna filiform, grayish brown; scape dark brown. Maxillary palpus covered, with yellowish-brown scales. Thorax grayish-brown, dark brown scales in anteriorly on tegula. Forewing ground color yellowish-brown, scattered dark brown scales near apex and distinct three dots in middle of median area; approximately 3.1 – 3.3 times as long as wide including fringe (about 4 – 4.5 times as long as excluding fringe). Hindwing ground color glossy grayish white; approximately 2.2 – 2.4 times as long as wide including fringe (about 2.8 – 3 times as long as excluding fringe). Male genitalia (Figure 3C). Uncus triangular, elongate apex, covered with numerous setae laterally. A pair of gnathos arms curved. Valva basally broad, ventral edge curved upwards to rounded apex, costal edge convex, subapically vaulted, with longitudinal fold, as long as length of saccus, with numerous setae inwardly. Saccus elongate, with tapered tip and broad base. Adeagus cylindrical, broad to basally, with sclerotized tooth on subapically, about 1.2 times as long as length of saccus. Female genitalia (Figures 4A, 4B). Ovipositor short, papillae anales setose. Apophyses posteriores 1.4 times longer than apophyses anteriores. Posterior edge of 8th sternite Mshaped, strongly sclerotized. Ostium shallow cup-shaped. Ductus bursae strongly sclerotized basally. Corpus bursae elongate with two blade like signa; signa with thorn apically. Material examined. 1♀, Korea, Cheongju-si, CB, 28 vii 1974 (K. T. Park), 1♂, Korea, Gajwa-dong, Incheon-si, GG, 2 x 2015 (S. M. Na), genitalia slide no. INU – 5540 & 5641. Distribution. Korea (GG, CB), Japan, Croatia, Cyprus, Egypt. Remarks. This species was recorded by Ponomarenko & Park (1996) in Korea. Larvae live in nest of predatory birds (Nasu et al. 2007).
Conflict of interest The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.
Acknowledgments The authors thanks to members of Animal Diversity Laboratory, Incheon National University, for their kind help about this study. This work was supported by a grant from the National Institute of Biological Resources (NIBR), funded by the Ministry of Environment of the Republic of Korea (NIBR201928201).
References
Bentinck GA. 1935. Tinea piercella mihi nov. sp. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 28 (3/4): 238239. Chambers VT. 1873. Micro-Lepidoptera. The Canadian Entomolgist 5 (5): 85-91. Clemens JB. 1859. Contributions to American Lepidopterology. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences Philadelphia (11): 256-262. Common IFB. 1987. Clearing, staining and mounting wings of Microlepidoptera. News Bulletin of the Entomological Society of Queensland 14: 133-134. Denis M, Schiffermüller I. 1775. Akündung eines systematischen Werkes von den
Schmetterlingen der Wiener Gegend. Wien: Augustin Bernardi. Gaedike R. 2019. Tineidae II: (Myrmecozelonae, Perissomasticinae, Tineinae, Hieroxestinae, Teichobiinae and Stathmopolitinae). Leiden: Brill. Gozmány L. 1959. Tineid moths from Afghanistan (Lep., Tineidae). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 5 (3/4): 341-352. Harworth AH. 1828. Lepidoptera Britannica, sistens digestionem novam insectorum Lepidopterorum quae in magna Britannia reperiuntur, lavarum pabulo, temporeque pascendi; expansione alarum, mensibusque volandi, synonyms atque locis observationibusque variis. Part 4. London: Wood. 513-609. Hinton HE. 1956. The larvae of the species of Tineidae of economic importance. Bulletin of Entomological Research 47: 251-346. Latreille PA. 1810. Considérations générales sur l'ordre naturel des animaux composant les classes des crustacès, des arachnides, et des insectes: avec un tableau méthodique de leurs genres, disposés en familles. Paris: F. Schoell. Lee DJ, Ju YD, Bayarsaikhan U, Park BS, Na SM, Kim JW, Lee BW, Bae YS. 2016. First report on two species of genus Monopis (Lepidoptera, Tineidae) collected by feather trap in Korea. Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity 9 (2016) 215-218. Linnaeus C. 1758. Systema Naturae, sive regna tria naturae systematice proposita per classes, ordines, genera et species (10th edition). Holmiae: Salvii. p 539. Matsumura S. 1931. 6000 Illustrated Insects of Japan-Empire. Tokyo. 1719pp. Metz MA, Davis DR, Davis MM. 2018. A new species of Niditinea (Tineidae: Tineinae) with a Preference for Bird Nests, and the Known Larval Habits of the Species in the United States. Proceeding of the Entomological Society of Washington 120 (1): 153-166 Meyrick E. 1934. Exotic Microlepidoptera 4 (15). London: Taylor and Francis. 449-480. Meyrick E. 1937. Exotic Microlepidoptera 5 (4). London: Taylor and Francis. 97-128. Nasu Y, Murahama S, Sakai M, Yamauchi T. 2007. Tineidae (Lepidoptera) from bird`s nest and pellets, and carnivore feces in Japan. Japanese Journal of Entomology, New Series 10 (4): 89-97. Packard AS. 1867. View of the Lepidopterous Fauna of Labrador. Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History 11 (1866-1868): 32-63.
Pelham-Clinton EC. 1985. Tineidae. In: J Heath, AM Emmet, editors. The Moths and Butterfly of Great Britain and Ireland, Volume 2. pp 157-207. Colchester: Harley Books. Petersen G.1957. Die Genitalien der paläarktischen Tineiden (Lepidoptera, Tineidae). Beiträge zur Entomologie 7 (3/4): 55-176. Ponomarenko MG, Park KT. 1996. Notes on some tineids from Korea and Russian Far East, with description of four new species (Lepidoptera: Tineidae). Korean journal of applied entomology 35 (4): 273-279. Robinson GS. 1976. The preparation of slides of Lepidoptera genitalia with special reference to the Microlepidoptera. Entomologist’s Gazette 27(2): 127-132. Robinson GS. 1988. The identity of Trichophaga abruptella (Wollaston) (Lepidoptera: Tineidae). Entomologist’s Gazette 39: 125-12. Robinson GS. 2009. Biology, distribution and diversity of tineid moths. Kuala Lumpur: Art Printing Works Sdn Bhd. 1-143. Robinson GS, Nielsen ES. 1993. Tineid genera of Australia (Lepidoptera), Monographs on Australian Lepidoptera. Melbourne: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Publishing. Schrank FP. 1802. Fauna Boica. Nürnberg (Ingolstüdt, Landshut) 2 (2): 1-412. Walker F. 1863. List of specimens of lepidopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum, Part 28. Tortricites & Tineites. London: Order of the Trustees. 287-561. Zagulyaev AK. 1952. Vostochnaya shubnaya mol` (Lepidoptera, Tineidae)-novyj vid moli iz Primorskoj oblasti. Zoologichesky Zhurnal 31 (2): 284-287 [In Russian]. Zagulyaev AK. 1956. Podrod Acedes Hb. (Lepidoptera, Tineidae) i jego novyje vidy. Entomologicheskoe obozrenie 35 (1): 154-158 [In Russian]. Zagulyaev AK. 1960. Tineidae; part 3 – subfamily Tineinae - Fauna SSSR 78. Moskva, Leningrad: Nasekomyje, Cheshujekrylyje. 1-267 [In Russian].
Explanation of figures
Figure 1. Wing venation: A, Niditinea fuscella (Linnaeus), ♂; B, N. striolella (Matsmura), ♂; C, N. baryspilas (Meyrick), ♂. Figure 2. Adults, male: A, Niditinea fuscella (Linnaeus); B, N. striolella (Matsmura); C, N. baryspilas (Meyrick). Figure 3. Male genitalia: A, Niditinea fuscella (Linnaeus), genitalia slide no. INU – 5633; B, N. striolella (Matsmura), genitalia slide no. INU – 5639; C, N. baryspilas (Meyrick), genitalia slide no. INU – 5540. Figure 4. Female genitalia: A, Niditinea baryspilas (Meyrick), briefly explained genitalia structures; B, ditto, 8th sternite; C, ditto, signa, genitalia slide no. INU – 5641.
S2287-884X(19)30365-6
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japb.2019.11.001
Reference:
JAPB 460
To appear in:
Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity
Received Date: 25 September 2019 Revised Date:
31 October 2019
Accepted Date: 1 November 2019
Please cite this article as: Lee D-J, Ahn N-H, Bayarsaikhan U, Ko J-H, Lee T-G, Cha Y-B, Bae Y-S, Review of the keratophagous genus Niditinea Petersen, 1957 (Lepidoptera, Tineidae) from Korea, with two newly recorded species, Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity, https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.japb.2019.11.001. This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. © 2019 National Science Museum of Korea (NSMK) and Korea National Arboretum (KNA), Publishing Services by Elsevier.
Review of the keratophagous genus Niditinea Petersen, 1957 (Lepidoptera, Tineidae) from Korea, with two newly recorded species Dong-June Lee a, Neung-Ho Ahn b, Ulziijargal Bayarsaikhan a, Jae-Ho Ko a, Tak-Gi Lee a, Young-Bin Cha a, Yang-Seop Bae a,c, * a
Department of Life Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, South Korea.
b
National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, 22689, South Korea.
c
Bio-Resource and Environmental Center, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, South Korea.
*corresponding author: [email protected] Tel. +82-32-835-8246. Running title: Review of Korean Niditinea.
Abstract: The genus Niditinea Petersen, 1957, belonging to the subfamily Tineinae of Tineidae in Korea is reviewed with three recognized species: one little known species, N. baryspialas (Meyrick) and two newly recorded species, N. fuscella (Linnaeus) and N. striolella (Matsumura). Illustrations of adults and genitalia of all known Korean Niditinea species are provided. Key words: Genital morphology, chitinophagous, new record, Tineinae, wing venation.
Introduction Many species of the subfamily Tineinae, such as Tinea, Niditinea and Monopis etc. have been reported in bird nest, feces and wool products. The larvae of these moths feed on keratin and chitin sources, such as feather, fur, pellets, arthropod remains, guano and wool (Robinson 1988; Robinson & Nielsen 1993; Lee et al 2016). The genus Niditinea Petersen, 1957 of the subfamily Tineinae is based on the type species Tinea fuscipunctella Haworth, 1828. The Niditinea comprises 14 valid species, which are widespread and diverse throughout the Palaearctic to Oriental region, but poorly distributed in the Nearctic to Neotropical region (Robinson 2009; Metz et al 2018). Among them, seven species are distributed in the Palaearctic region (Gaedike 2019). In Korea only one species, N. barispilas (Meyrick, 1937) has been recorded to date (Ponomarenko & Park 1996). In this study, genus Niditinea are reviewed from Korea, with two additional species, N. fuscella (Linnaeus, 1758) and N. striolella (Matsumura, 1931).
Material and methods Specimens examined are mainly based on materials collected from Korea during 1974 – 2015 in this study. The specimens were collected using light traps with a mercury vapor lamp (220V/200W, Dongseong Co., Korea) and four black light lamps (FL20SbL, Kumho Co., Korea). Genitalia were dissected and examined under Leica EZ4 stereo-microscope (Leica, Wetzlar, Germany). Images of adults and genitalia were taken using a Cannon EOS 50D
digital camera attached to a Cannon EF 100 mm F2.8 Macro USM lens (Cannon, Inc., Tokyo, Japan) and a Leica DM 2500 microscope attached with Leica ICC50 E (Leica, Wetzlar, Germany). Voucher specimens are deposited in the Bio-Resource and Environmental Center, Incheon National University, Korea. Terminology and morphological characters of the adult, wing venation, and genitalia follow Robinson (1976), Common (1987), Robinson and Nielsen (1993). Abbreviations used herein are as follows: GG: Gyeonggi-do; CB: Chungcheongbuk-do; INU: Incheon National University; TS: Type species; TL: Type locality.
Systematic accounts Family Tineidae Latreille, 1810 Subfamily Tineinae Latreille, 1810
Genus Niditinea Petersen, 1957 Niditinea Petersen, 1957: 134. TS: Tinea fuscipunctella Haworth, 1828. TL: United Kingdom. Tineidia Zagulyaev, 1960: 190. Type species not designated.
General morphology. Adults are generally small to medium sized (wingspan 9 – 20 mm), with distinct three or more dots, tinged with fuscous scales of forewing in the most species. Head covered with pale white to light yellow scales. Wing venation is usually complete (Figure 1). Genitalia are characterized by the following characters: uncus triangular, apex pointed and tightly hooked; gnathos arms stout, tightly curved; valva simple or complex with nodular or flange like subapical process in male genitalia; 8th tergite strongly articulated, with apophyses anteriores by dorsal rami; ostium simple and narrow, 8th sternite semi ovate, posteriorly emarginate; corpus bursae with two blade like signa, each bearing some spines in female genitalia (Gaedike 2019). Remarks. The member of the genus Niditinea have been reported as keratophagous or chitiniphagous (Robinson 1988; Robinson & Nielsen 1993). Also reported attack to the stored food products (Hinton 1956), however Zagulyaev (1960) noted that, Niditinea cannot occur from stored food products, before infestation by the other arthropod. It seems to Niditinea consumed arthropod remains.
Key to the Korean speices of Niditinea based on the male genitalia 1. Saccus (Linnaeus)
with
broad
tip……..................................................................N.
fuscella
- Saccus with tapered tip………………………......................................................................2 2. Valva with strongly sclerotized tip at apex …………………………..N. baryspilas (Meyrick) -Valva without strongly sclerotized tip at apex ………………………N. striolella (Matsumura)
Niditinea fuscella (Linnaeus, 1758) (Figures 1A, 2A, 3A) Tinea fuscella Linnaeus, 1758: 539. TL: Sweden. Tinea spretella Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775: 142. TL: Austria. Tinea crinitella Schrank, 1802: 109. TL: Germany. Tinea fuscipunctella Harworth, 1828: 562. TL: United Kingdom. Tinea nubilipennella Clemens, 1859: 259. TL: U.S.A. Tinea abligatella Walker, 1863: 476. TL: South Africa. Oecophora frigidella Packard, 1867: 62. TL: Canada. Tinea griseella Chambers, 1873: 88. TL: USA. Tinea eurinella Zagulyaev, 1952: 284. TL: Russia (Far East). Tinea distans Gozmány, 1959: 343. TL: Afghanistan.
Adult (Figure 2A). Wingspan 10 – 18 mm. Head: vertex and frons covered in light brown hair like scales; labial palpus clothed with creamy white scales and dark-brown scales laterally. Antenna filiform, dark brown in basal, light brown in distal; scape dark brown. Maxillary palpus covered with creamy white scales. Thorax brown, dark brown scales in anteriorly on tegula. Forewing ground color yellowish-brown, scattered dark brown scales and distinct five dots in middle of median area; approximately 3.1 – 3.3 times as long as wide including fringe (about 4 – 4.2 times as long as excluding fringe). Hindwing ground color glossy grayish white; approximately 2.1 – 2.3 times as long as wide including fringe (about 3 – 3.2 times as long as excluding fringe). Male genitalia (Figure 3A). Uncus triangular, hook-like tip, covered with numerous setae laterally. A pair of gnathos arms curved. Valva basally broad, costal edge straight, ventral edge in first half convex, apex truncate, subapically on inside with a process and fold, as long as length of saccus, with numerous setae inwardly. Saccus elongate with strongly broadened. Aedeagus cylindrical, broader to basally, about 1.2 times as long as length of saccus. Female genitalia. 8th sternite posterior edge variable in shape. Ductus bursae strongly sclerotized basally. Corpus bursae with two blade-shaped signa with more strongly sclerotized longitudinal keel, anteriorly with two or three short spines and with two separatr spine-like signa (after Gaedike 2019). Material examined. 3♂, Korea, Gyeongseo-dong, Seo-gu, Incheon-si, GG, 28 xii 2010 (N. H. Ahn), genitalia slide no. INU – 5633. Distribution. Korea (GG), Japan, China, Russia, Europe (United Kingdom, France, Germany, Belgium, Netherland, Sweden, Austria), Afghanistan, Australia, USA, Canada, South Africa.
Remarks. N. fuscella (Linnaeus) is recorded for the first time from Korea. This species is infester of bird`s nests. The larvae feed on keratin and chitin sources, such as feathers of bird and arthropod remains (Hinton 1956; Zagulyaev 1960; Robinson & Nielsen 1993).
Niditinea striolella (Matsumura, 1931) (Figures 1B, 2B, 3B) Tinea striolella Matsumura, 1931: 1108. TL: Japan. Tinea semidivisa Meyrick, 1934: 480. TL: Japan. Tinea piercella Bentinck, 1935: 238. TL: Netherlands. Niditinea ignotella Zagulyaev, 1956: 154. TL: Russia (Far East). Niditinea distinguenda Petersen, 1957: 136. TL: Europe. Tinea pacifella Zagulyaev, 1960: 205. TL: Russia (Far East).
Adult (Figure 2B). Wingspan 10 – 17 mm. Head: vertex and frons covered in yellowishbrown hair like scales; labial palpus clothed with creamy white scales and brown scales laterally. Antenna filiform, brown in basal, light brown in distal; scape light brown. Maxillary palpus covered with creamy white scales. Thorax brown, dark brown scales in anteriorly on tegula. Forewing ground color yellowish-brown, scattered dark brown scales; approximately 2.8 – 3.2 times as long as wide including fringe (about 3.8 – 4 times as long as excluding fringe). Hindwing ground color glossy grayish white; approximately 2 – 2.2 times as long as wide including fringe (about 2.8 – 3.0 times as long as excluding fringe). Male genitalia (Figure 3B). Uncus triangular, hook-like tip, covered with numerous setae laterally. A pair of gnathos arms curved, with strongly sclerotized tip. Valva basally broad, costal edge angled, ventral edge convex with numerous setae inwardly, about 1.2 times as long as length of saccus. Saccus elongate, with tapered tip. Aedeagus cylindrical, strongly broadened (almost three times) in basal half, as long as length of saccus. Female genitalia. 8th sternite posterior edge semicircular. Ductus bursae strongly sclerotized basally. Corpus bursae with two blade-shaped signa, broad and obliquely truncated anteriorly, narrower to pointed posterior end, on the one anterior edge a long needle-shaped spine, and with two separate spines (after Gaedike 2019). Material examined. 1♂, Korea, Lake Yuklim, Gwangneung, Pocheon-si, GG, 27 v 2008 (S. Y. Park, B. W. Lee, S. R. Kim, and D. H. Kwon), genitalia slide no. INU – 5639. Distribution. Korea (GG), Russia (Far East, Siberia), Turkey, Nepal, United Kingdom, France, Netherlands, USA. Remarks. Niditinea striolella is recorded for the first time from Korea. Species is frequently reared from nest box (Pelham-Clinton 1985).
Niditinea baryspilas (Meyrick, 1937) (Figures 1C, 2C, 3C, 4A, 4B, 4C)
Tinea baryspilas Meyrick, 1937: 112. TL: India. Tinea unnipunctella Zagulyaev, 1960: 201. TL: Turkmenistan.
Adult (Figure 2C). Wingspan 9 – 15 mm. Head: vertex and frons covered in grayish-brown hair like scales; labial palpus clothed with yellowish-brown scales and dark-brown scales laterally. Antenna filiform, grayish brown; scape dark brown. Maxillary palpus covered, with yellowish-brown scales. Thorax grayish-brown, dark brown scales in anteriorly on tegula. Forewing ground color yellowish-brown, scattered dark brown scales near apex and distinct three dots in middle of median area; approximately 3.1 – 3.3 times as long as wide including fringe (about 4 – 4.5 times as long as excluding fringe). Hindwing ground color glossy grayish white; approximately 2.2 – 2.4 times as long as wide including fringe (about 2.8 – 3 times as long as excluding fringe). Male genitalia (Figure 3C). Uncus triangular, elongate apex, covered with numerous setae laterally. A pair of gnathos arms curved. Valva basally broad, ventral edge curved upwards to rounded apex, costal edge convex, subapically vaulted, with longitudinal fold, as long as length of saccus, with numerous setae inwardly. Saccus elongate, with tapered tip and broad base. Adeagus cylindrical, broad to basally, with sclerotized tooth on subapically, about 1.2 times as long as length of saccus. Female genitalia (Figures 4A, 4B). Ovipositor short, papillae anales setose. Apophyses posteriores 1.4 times longer than apophyses anteriores. Posterior edge of 8th sternite Mshaped, strongly sclerotized. Ostium shallow cup-shaped. Ductus bursae strongly sclerotized basally. Corpus bursae elongate with two blade like signa; signa with thorn apically. Material examined. 1♀, Korea, Cheongju-si, CB, 28 vii 1974 (K. T. Park), 1♂, Korea, Gajwa-dong, Incheon-si, GG, 2 x 2015 (S. M. Na), genitalia slide no. INU – 5540 & 5641. Distribution. Korea (GG, CB), Japan, Croatia, Cyprus, Egypt. Remarks. This species was recorded by Ponomarenko & Park (1996) in Korea. Larvae live in nest of predatory birds (Nasu et al. 2007).
Conflict of interest The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.
Acknowledgments The authors thanks to members of Animal Diversity Laboratory, Incheon National University, for their kind help about this study. This work was supported by a grant from the National Institute of Biological Resources (NIBR), funded by the Ministry of Environment of the Republic of Korea (NIBR201928201).
References
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Explanation of figures
Figure 1. Wing venation: A, Niditinea fuscella (Linnaeus), ♂; B, N. striolella (Matsmura), ♂; C, N. baryspilas (Meyrick), ♂. Figure 2. Adults, male: A, Niditinea fuscella (Linnaeus); B, N. striolella (Matsmura); C, N. baryspilas (Meyrick). Figure 3. Male genitalia: A, Niditinea fuscella (Linnaeus), genitalia slide no. INU – 5633; B, N. striolella (Matsmura), genitalia slide no. INU – 5639; C, N. baryspilas (Meyrick), genitalia slide no. INU – 5540. Figure 4. Female genitalia: A, Niditinea baryspilas (Meyrick), briefly explained genitalia structures; B, ditto, 8th sternite; C, ditto, signa, genitalia slide no. INU – 5641.