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Heart rate variability in centenarians: Relation with intelligence and activities of daily living
Selected Abstracts From the 21st Annual Meeting of the International Society of Electrocardiology 83
Nicorandil did not induce ventricular arrhythmias or aggravate ventricular arrhythmias during ischemia and reperfusion. Our data indicate that opening IKATpcontributes to the shortening of action potential duration seen in the initial few minutes of ischemia, and that Nicorandil potentiated MAPD shortening during ischemia.
Heart Rate Variability in Centenarians: Relation With Intelligence and Activities of Daily Living Y. Okamoto, Y. Wakida, T. Yonemoto, K. Kanemaki, T. Iwa, T. Shiomi, T. Kobayashi, Aichi Medical University, Aichi, Japan It is well known that heart rate variability in humans decreases with age. This phenomenon, however, is not fully investigated in centenarians. The mechanisms of this decline is also unclear. To investigate these issues, 38 of 3 i6 centenarians, who were living in Aichi, Japan in 1993, underwent Holter ambulatory monitoring and Hasegawa's intelligence test (HI score), as well as completed a questionnaire on activity of daily living (ADL). RR intervals in 19 Holter electrocardiograms (2 men, 17 women), which did not have remarkable arrhythmias and/or noises, were analyzed by power spectral analysis using fast Fourier transformation, and low-frequency (LF, 0.04-0.I5 Hz) and high-frequency (HF, 0.15-0.40 Hz) fluctuations were extracted. The correlations of LF, HF, and LF/HF with the HI score and ADL score were estimated. There was a significantly high correlation between the ADL score and HI score ( r = .54, P < .01 ). There was no correlation between the ADL score and LF (r = .02), HF (r = .06), and LF/HF (r = .23). However, the HI score showed significant correlations to LF (r = .54, P < .01) and HF (r = .48, P < .05). Eight centenarians with relatively high scores on the HI test (> l0 points) had a significantly high LF peak (20 + I5 ms) and HF peak (17 + I3 ms), which were the approximate values of 30- and 50-year-old healthy Japanese, respectively. These data suggest that heart rate variability in centenarians are affected by intelligence rather than the preservation of ADL. Moreover, centenarians with high intelligence preserve higher heart rate variability compared with normal senile centenarians, indicating the existence of super-normal senility.
Surgical Treatment of Ventricuiar Tachycardia After Surgical Repair of Tetralogy of Fallot: Relation Between Intraoperative Mapping and Histologic Findings T. Misaki, G. Watanabe, A. Fujiki, M. Tsubota, Y. Watanabe, T. Iwa, R. Okada, Department of Surgery and Internal Medicine, Toyama Medical and Ph~macologic University, Toyama, and Kanazawa University Kanazawa, Research Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathology, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan The patients included four adult men who underwent radical surgery for tetralogy of Fallot (TF) between the ages 1.5 and 5 years (mean, 3.1 years). Ventricular tachycardia (VT) developed 8-24.5 years (mean, 13.1 years) after surgery, and shock developed during VT in every case. The VT origin was identified at the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT). A radical operation was performed under cardiopulmonmary bypass. On epicardial mapping, delayed activation of the RVOT was recorded during sinus rhythm, and clockwise circus movement of the macroreentry current during VT on the RV free wall was documented in each case. The VT was treated successfully by surgical resection and cryoablation of the myocardium. In every patient, histology of the myocardial specimens showed degeneration, adiposis, fbrosis, inflammation, and scattered myocyte islets. These lesions corresponded anatomically to the area of myocardium in which delayed activation was evident during epicardial mapping. The result of this study indicate that patients with VT following radical correCtion of TF have abnormal histopathologic findings at the site of the prior right ventriculotomy scar. These lesions were noted within the region of delayed activation found during epicardial mapping and were also found to be;a part of the reentrant circuit.
Clinical Benefits of Third-generation Implantable Cardioverter-defibrillators R. M. Luceri, Interventional Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, Holy Cross Hospital, Fort Lauderdale, and the University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida Implantable cardioveter-defibrillators (ICDs) have been proven to substantially reduce deaths from lethal ventricular arrhythmias (ventricular tachycardia
Nicorandil did not induce ventricular arrhythmias or aggravate ventricular arrhythmias during ischemia and reperfusion. Our data indicate that opening IKATpcontributes to the shortening of action potential duration seen in the initial few minutes of ischemia, and that Nicorandil potentiated MAPD shortening during ischemia.
Heart Rate Variability in Centenarians: Relation With Intelligence and Activities of Daily Living Y. Okamoto, Y. Wakida, T. Yonemoto, K. Kanemaki, T. Iwa, T. Shiomi, T. Kobayashi, Aichi Medical University, Aichi, Japan It is well known that heart rate variability in humans decreases with age. This phenomenon, however, is not fully investigated in centenarians. The mechanisms of this decline is also unclear. To investigate these issues, 38 of 3 i6 centenarians, who were living in Aichi, Japan in 1993, underwent Holter ambulatory monitoring and Hasegawa's intelligence test (HI score), as well as completed a questionnaire on activity of daily living (ADL). RR intervals in 19 Holter electrocardiograms (2 men, 17 women), which did not have remarkable arrhythmias and/or noises, were analyzed by power spectral analysis using fast Fourier transformation, and low-frequency (LF, 0.04-0.I5 Hz) and high-frequency (HF, 0.15-0.40 Hz) fluctuations were extracted. The correlations of LF, HF, and LF/HF with the HI score and ADL score were estimated. There was a significantly high correlation between the ADL score and HI score ( r = .54, P < .01 ). There was no correlation between the ADL score and LF (r = .02), HF (r = .06), and LF/HF (r = .23). However, the HI score showed significant correlations to LF (r = .54, P < .01) and HF (r = .48, P < .05). Eight centenarians with relatively high scores on the HI test (> l0 points) had a significantly high LF peak (20 + I5 ms) and HF peak (17 + I3 ms), which were the approximate values of 30- and 50-year-old healthy Japanese, respectively. These data suggest that heart rate variability in centenarians are affected by intelligence rather than the preservation of ADL. Moreover, centenarians with high intelligence preserve higher heart rate variability compared with normal senile centenarians, indicating the existence of super-normal senility.
Surgical Treatment of Ventricuiar Tachycardia After Surgical Repair of Tetralogy of Fallot: Relation Between Intraoperative Mapping and Histologic Findings T. Misaki, G. Watanabe, A. Fujiki, M. Tsubota, Y. Watanabe, T. Iwa, R. Okada, Department of Surgery and Internal Medicine, Toyama Medical and Ph~macologic University, Toyama, and Kanazawa University Kanazawa, Research Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathology, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan The patients included four adult men who underwent radical surgery for tetralogy of Fallot (TF) between the ages 1.5 and 5 years (mean, 3.1 years). Ventricular tachycardia (VT) developed 8-24.5 years (mean, 13.1 years) after surgery, and shock developed during VT in every case. The VT origin was identified at the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT). A radical operation was performed under cardiopulmonmary bypass. On epicardial mapping, delayed activation of the RVOT was recorded during sinus rhythm, and clockwise circus movement of the macroreentry current during VT on the RV free wall was documented in each case. The VT was treated successfully by surgical resection and cryoablation of the myocardium. In every patient, histology of the myocardial specimens showed degeneration, adiposis, fbrosis, inflammation, and scattered myocyte islets. These lesions corresponded anatomically to the area of myocardium in which delayed activation was evident during epicardial mapping. The result of this study indicate that patients with VT following radical correCtion of TF have abnormal histopathologic findings at the site of the prior right ventriculotomy scar. These lesions were noted within the region of delayed activation found during epicardial mapping and were also found to be;a part of the reentrant circuit.
Clinical Benefits of Third-generation Implantable Cardioverter-defibrillators R. M. Luceri, Interventional Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, Holy Cross Hospital, Fort Lauderdale, and the University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida Implantable cardioveter-defibrillators (ICDs) have been proven to substantially reduce deaths from lethal ventricular arrhythmias (ventricular tachycardia