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History and evolution of photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy (PD & PDT): A clinician's perspective
Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy 17 (2017) A4–A78
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/pdpdt
Abstracts of Photodynamic Therapy and Photodiagnosis Meeting, October 24–28, 2016, Nancy, France
PDT school
[2] K. Moghissi, K. Dixon, S. Gibbins, Surg. J. 01 (01) (2015), http://dx.doi.org/10. 1055/s-0035-1565246.
Oral OS-001 History and evolution of photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy (PD & PDT): A clinician’s perspective
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pdpdt.2017.01.008 Oral OS-002
K. Moghissi
Perfect photosensitisers? More than ever an exciting challenge!
The Yorkshire Laser Centre, Goole, East Yorkshire, UK
F. Dumoulin
Background: Review of the literature concerned with the History of PD & PDT reveals a number of articles in the English language. A few have been compiled by the pioneers who had lived through the history of what David Kessel [1] refers to as “From the beginning”, which means the 20th century onwards. Most publications are authored by scientists who link their narrative to synthesis and development of photosensitising agents. Whilst this totally accords with the historical perspective many are deficient from the clinician’s perspective. From the Clinician’s perspective the Evolution of PD & PDT may be considered under:
Gebze Technical University, Chemistry Department, Turkey
• Naturally occurring PS’s and sun light PDT (Herbal-Heliotherapy). This should not be considered as a prehistoric and ancient civilization as it is still practiced in some parts of the world. • Synthetic PS’s and visible lights within electromagnetic spectrum (early attempts in PDT for skin cancer). • Availability of devices: - Surgical and endoscopic devices - HPD and dye laser era/initial clinical trial - Evolution of clinically usable photosensitisers, light source and delivery devices. - Pioneer clinicians and teachers and their special contributions. • Clinical PDT in 21st Century: - League Table of indications [2] (established and experimental PDT Clinical indications) - Concept of PDT within global treatment - The concept of team - Centre for PDT • Clinical PDT – the immediate future.
While ideal properties of a photosensitiser have been listed long time ago, chemists are still working on the design and synthesis of perfect photosensitisers. These should be molecular or nano systems with high singlet oxygen generation, complete dark innocuousness, excitability in the phototherapeutic window, exclusive accumulation in the targeted tissues, cells and subcellular organelles, combination with other effects such as imaging. On the chemical front, their synthesis must reproducible, cheap and offer easy upscaling possibilities. The most famous photosensitisers, either approved or still under ® clinical trials, are Porfimer sodium aka Photofrin , verteporfin aka ® ® ® Visudyne , temoporfin aka Foscan , TOOKAD Soluble, ALA (␦aminolevulinic acid) and its different forms which all prodrugs leading to in situ formation of protoporphyrin IX, Pc 4, among others. Each of these photosensitisers has their own advantages but as well their drawbacks, hence is not yet the perfect one. We are now on the third generation of photosensitisers, and the fourth generation has already been mentioned in a few congresses. In addition to molecular photosensitisers, nanosystems aiming at benefiting from the Enhanced Permeation and Retention effect, and at offering easy combination of additional properties, are now widely reported. This seminar of the PDT school will sum-up the different categories of photosensitisers, their advantages, drawbacks and promises, as well the diverse strategies developed so far to optimise their efficacy. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pdpdt.2017.01.009
References [1] D. Kessel, Photodiagn. Photodyn. Ther. 1 (2004) 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pdpdt.2017.01.006 1572-1000/
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/pdpdt
Abstracts of Photodynamic Therapy and Photodiagnosis Meeting, October 24–28, 2016, Nancy, France
PDT school
[2] K. Moghissi, K. Dixon, S. Gibbins, Surg. J. 01 (01) (2015), http://dx.doi.org/10. 1055/s-0035-1565246.
Oral OS-001 History and evolution of photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy (PD & PDT): A clinician’s perspective
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pdpdt.2017.01.008 Oral OS-002
K. Moghissi
Perfect photosensitisers? More than ever an exciting challenge!
The Yorkshire Laser Centre, Goole, East Yorkshire, UK
F. Dumoulin
Background: Review of the literature concerned with the History of PD & PDT reveals a number of articles in the English language. A few have been compiled by the pioneers who had lived through the history of what David Kessel [1] refers to as “From the beginning”, which means the 20th century onwards. Most publications are authored by scientists who link their narrative to synthesis and development of photosensitising agents. Whilst this totally accords with the historical perspective many are deficient from the clinician’s perspective. From the Clinician’s perspective the Evolution of PD & PDT may be considered under:
Gebze Technical University, Chemistry Department, Turkey
• Naturally occurring PS’s and sun light PDT (Herbal-Heliotherapy). This should not be considered as a prehistoric and ancient civilization as it is still practiced in some parts of the world. • Synthetic PS’s and visible lights within electromagnetic spectrum (early attempts in PDT for skin cancer). • Availability of devices: - Surgical and endoscopic devices - HPD and dye laser era/initial clinical trial - Evolution of clinically usable photosensitisers, light source and delivery devices. - Pioneer clinicians and teachers and their special contributions. • Clinical PDT in 21st Century: - League Table of indications [2] (established and experimental PDT Clinical indications) - Concept of PDT within global treatment - The concept of team - Centre for PDT • Clinical PDT – the immediate future.
While ideal properties of a photosensitiser have been listed long time ago, chemists are still working on the design and synthesis of perfect photosensitisers. These should be molecular or nano systems with high singlet oxygen generation, complete dark innocuousness, excitability in the phototherapeutic window, exclusive accumulation in the targeted tissues, cells and subcellular organelles, combination with other effects such as imaging. On the chemical front, their synthesis must reproducible, cheap and offer easy upscaling possibilities. The most famous photosensitisers, either approved or still under ® clinical trials, are Porfimer sodium aka Photofrin , verteporfin aka ® ® ® Visudyne , temoporfin aka Foscan , TOOKAD Soluble, ALA (␦aminolevulinic acid) and its different forms which all prodrugs leading to in situ formation of protoporphyrin IX, Pc 4, among others. Each of these photosensitisers has their own advantages but as well their drawbacks, hence is not yet the perfect one. We are now on the third generation of photosensitisers, and the fourth generation has already been mentioned in a few congresses. In addition to molecular photosensitisers, nanosystems aiming at benefiting from the Enhanced Permeation and Retention effect, and at offering easy combination of additional properties, are now widely reported. This seminar of the PDT school will sum-up the different categories of photosensitisers, their advantages, drawbacks and promises, as well the diverse strategies developed so far to optimise their efficacy. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pdpdt.2017.01.009
References [1] D. Kessel, Photodiagn. Photodyn. Ther. 1 (2004) 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pdpdt.2017.01.006 1572-1000/