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Author's Accepted Manuscript Hydrodynamic study of a Two-Section TwoZone Fluidized Bed Reactor with an immersed tube bank via PIV/DIA I. Julián, F. G...

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Author's Accepted Manuscript

Hydrodynamic study of a Two-Section TwoZone Fluidized Bed Reactor with an immersed tube bank via PIV/DIA I. Julián, F. Gallucci, M. van Sint Annaland, J. Herguido, M. Menéndez

www.elsevier.com/locate/ces

PII: DOI: Reference:

S0009-2509(15)00331-0 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2015.05.009 CES12342

To appear in:

Chemical Engineering Science

Received date: 23 January 2015 Revised date: 6 May 2015 Accepted date: 10 May 2015 Cite this article as: I. Julián, F. Gallucci, M. van Sint Annaland, J. Herguido, M. Menéndez, Hydrodynamic study of a Two-Section Two-Zone Fluidized Bed Reactor with an immersed tube bank via PIV/DIA, Chemical Engineering Science, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2015.05.009 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting galley proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.

     

      

     

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Average up/down Mass flux (kg/m2s)

Graphical Abstract (for review)

0int

5int

8int

Figure 01

a)

b) Immersed gas inlet

High-speed camera (ImagerPro LaVision®)

4

650

Black sheet PIV software (DaVis 8.0.3)

8

Mass flow controllers Bottom gas inlet

Orifice gas distributor

80

Compressed air (4 bar)

20 80º 120

LED lamps

Gas outlet

40 Porous plate (40-100 µm)

3

Figure 02

3i

zsc = 120 z3r = 105 z2r = 85 z1r = 65

4i

5i

4

7

7

6is

6ih

8i

zsc = 120 z3r = 105 z2r = 85 z1r = 65 z0r = 45

7 7 40

Figure 03

0

b)

0.3m/s

200

16

400

14

600

12

30

20

10 800

10

1000 8

0

6

-10

1200 1400

4

1600

-20 1800 2000 0 200 400 600 Bed dimensions (pixels)

2 0 2 -2 Bed dimensions (cm)

0

-30

Vy (cm/s)

a)

Figure 04

a)

b)

Imax,corr

c)

250

d)

0.8

150 0.6

100 0.4

Number of counts, n (pixels)

1

200

Icut-off

Outliers Imin

50 0.2

Normalized grayscale intensity, I/Imax,corr (-) 0

RGB raw image

Background 1

f)

e)

0

Corrected image

0.6

1.0

g)

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

Relative 3D solids fraction (1- 3D)/(1- mf)

0.9

0.8

Histogram of corrected and filtered images

de Jong et al. 2013 2012 (dz/dp=30)

0.8

0.5

This work (ur = 3.0, 8i) 0.6

0.4

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.2

A=0.024 B=0.917

0.3

0.2

0.0 0.1

0.1

0

0.2

0.4

2D solids fraction (1-

0.6 2D)

0.8

1

or norm. intensity

0

Filtered (8x8) and normalized image

0

2D - 3D porosity correlation

3D solids fraction

Figure 05

80% 60% 40% 20% 0%

Bed mass estimation error (%)

100 %

2.0 % 1.6% 1.2% 0.8%

A = [0.02-0.03] B = [0.94-0.96]

0.4% 0.0%

Bed mass estimation error (%)

b)

a)

Figure 06

1.0

180

Transient motionless region

140

120

Solids flowing up within the bubble wake

100

Bubble cloud – Emulsion phase

0.0

Solids motion path determined by tube bank arrangement

Gas spots in the vicinity of internals

80

-1.0 60 -40

-20

0

20

Radial position, r (mm)

40

Solids velocity, vz (m/s)

Vertical position, z (mm)

160

Particle raining Particle inside raininga bubble inside a bubble