Hyperprolactinemia with prolonged amenorrhea reversed with bromocriptine in a menopausal woman

480

Citations from the Literature

also be abnormal. The following study was performed to see whether the placentas of preeclamptic women produce progesterone or estradiol abnormally. Fresh human term placentas were obtained immediately after delivery from normal and mild preeclamptic pregnancies. Whole placental tissues (350 mg) were incubated for three hours. Samples were collected and analyzed for progesterone and estradiol-17beta by radioimmunoassay. Progesterone production was significantly higher in preeclamptic than in normal placentas without the addition of a precursor and with the addition of pregnenolone sulfate as a precursor, but not with the addition of pregnenolone alone. Both normal and preeclamptic placentas converted pregnenolone sulfate into progesterone as efficiently as they converted pregnenolone into progesterone. Estradiol production rates were similar in both preeclamptic and normal placentas, regardless of whether dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate was added as a precursor. These data indicate that placentas of women with mild preeclampsia produce more progesterone than normal, probably because they contain more pregnenolone sulfatase and larger stores of endogenous cholesterol. Higher concentrations of progesterone in the preeclamptic placenta could contribute to lower prostacyclin production because progesterone inhibits placental prostacyclin production. Hyperprolactinemia with prolonged amenorrhea reversed with bromocriptine in a menopausal woman Goldman hIul;Steinberger A; Ganti S Department of Medicine, Englewood Hospital, Englewood, NJ, USA AM. J. OBSTET. GYNECOL.; 158/l (117-118)/1988/ Bromocriptine treatment of the amenorrhea-galactorrhea syndrome with elevated prolactin levels is well recognized. The return of menses after 30 years in a menopausal women with this syndrome is described. Lowering of both prolactin and follicle-stimulating hormone levels was found to occur after bromocriptine therapy.

IMMUNOLOGY Do alternate modes for transmission of human immunodefkiency virus exist? - A review Lifson AR AIDS Program, Center for Injiitious Dkeases, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA 30333. USA J. AM. MED. ASSOC.; 25919 (1353-1356)/1988/ Transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is known to occur perinatally, through sexual contact, and after exposure to infected blood or blood products. The possibility that breast milk may transmit HIV continues to be evaluated. There is no epidemiologic evidence that contact with saliva, tears, or urine has resulted in HIV infection. However, because HIV has (in some cases rarely) been isolated from these body fluids, guidelines have been developed to reduce more extensive Int J Gynecol Obstet 27

exposures to such secretions. Laboratory and epidemiologic data strongly indicate that HIV is not transmitted through immune globulin preparations, the hepatitis B vaccine, or contact with insects. Increasing evidence from many studies also indicates that HIV is not transmitted through casual contact. All individuals need to be aware of how HIV is and is not transmitted, to reduce high-risk behaviors and to avoid unnecessary fears and actions. Human immunodeflciency virus infection, hepatitis II virus infection, and sexual bebavlour of women attending a genitourinary medicine clinic Evans BA; McCormack SM; Bond RA; et al Deprrtment of Genitourinary Medicine, West London Hospital, London W6 7DQ, UK BR. MED. J.; 296/6620 (473-475)/1988/ During the six months immediately after a public information campaign about the acquired immune deficiency syndrome 1115 women who attended a genitourinary medicine clinic in West London were tested for antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Three women (0.27%) were positive, and all three were regular sexual partners of men with high risk lifestyles - two intravenous drug users and one bisexual. A consecutive series of 647 women from the cohort was tested for antibodies for hepatitis B core antigen: 27 were positive, of whom six had been born in the United Kingdom and were not known to have been at risk. The two women who were seropositive for HIV who completed a questionnaire on their sexual behaviour before they were tested reported both anal and oral receipt of semen and were in the upper fifth percentile for lifetime sexual partners. More than half (53%) of 424 women who reported that they had non-regular sexual partners never used a condom. It is concluded that heterosexual women in London are at a low risk of becoming infected with HIV. Immunobistocbemical localization of HLA antigens and placental proteins (uCG, /KG CTP, bPL and SP1 in vlllous and extravlllous trophoblast in normal human pregnancy: A distinctive pathway of differentiation of extravillous trophoblast Sasagawa M; Yamaxaki T; Endo M; et al Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata, Japan PLACENTA; 8/5 (515-528)/1987/ Immunohistochemical localization of HLA antigens and placental proteins (ohCG, PhCG CTP, hPL and SP,) in villous and extravillous trophoblast at various stages of normal human gestation were studied, using hysterectomy specimens. In the chorionic villi, the capacity for synthesizing placental proteins seemed to develop in parallel with the morphological change from mononuclear cells to multinucleated syncytiotrophoblast and no villous trophoblast expressed HLA antigens. In contrast, extravillous trophoblast, including the multinucleated phoblastic cells at the deciduomuscular junction, expressed HLA-A, -B, and -C, and their capacity for synthesizing placental proteins did not seem to correspond with the degree of morphological change: the location of uhCG, fihCG CTP and