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Marasmius parvulus sp.nov. (Tricholomataceae) from South India
No tes and brief articles
42 2
m ethod in co nj u nc tio n w ith the conventional m ethod co u ld p rovide a m ore co m plete picture of the co ni dioge nous apparatus of many fungi. R EFERE N C E S
BULLOCK, G . R. (1984). The current statu s of fixation for electr on microscopy : a review. J cumal of Micr oscopy 133, 1-1 5· COLE, G. T . (1973). Ultrastructure of conidiogenesis in
Drechslera sorokiniana. Canadia n f ournal of B otallY 51, 629-638. FISHER, N . L. , BURGESS, L. W., TOUSSOUN, T . A. & NELSON, P. E. (1982). Carna tion leaves as a substrate and for preserving cultu res of Fusarium sp. Phy topa thology 72, 151-153. KING, E. J. & BROWN, M . F. (1983). A techn ique for preserving aerial structures for scanning electron microscopy. Canadian J oumal of Micr obiology 29, 653-65 8.
MARASMI US PAR VUL US S P . N O V . ( T R I C H O L O M A T A C E A E) FROM SO UTH INDI A B Y P. M A NIM OH A N AND K. M . L E E L AVA TH Y
M y cology Research Lab orat ory , Department of Botany, Univ ersity of Calicut, Kerala 67] 635, In dia Ma rasmius paruulus sp.nov. is d esc ribed from South India . During an investigation into the agaric flora of K er al a Stat e, South India, the au tho rs co llec ted ample m at er ial of an attractive and di st inctive species of Marasmius F r. wh ich consisted o f basid iomes typi cal of the Section N eosessiles S ing er ( 1958) , ye t d iffering fro m a ll the species so far described in that sec tion . The collecti on th er efore represents a hitherto undescribed species and it is p rop osed as new . Colour name s an d co des ar e fro m K ornerup & W an sch er ( 1967) . (F ig . lA-D) Marasmius parvulus sp .nov . Etyrn . : paruulus, L., very sm all Basidiocarpus par vulus, delicatus. Pileus 0 '5- 1'5 mm latus, cupulato-renifo rmis, daucinus, glaber, estriatus , margine subincurvato integro ins truc t us . Lamellae griseo -aurantiacae, perp aucae (2- 3), ang ustata e, tenuissimae, raro furcatae, di stantes ; lamellulis null is. Stipes nullus vel dirninut us, lateralis, mycelio albido basale praeditus. Odor saporque nullu s. Sporae 10-1 3 x 2'5- 3'7 11m, subfusiformes, hyalinae, tenu itun icata e, laeves, inarnyloideae. Che ilocys t idia 11- 24 x 6-9 1,m, pyriformia, cylindrico-clavat a, hyalina, tenuitunicata, ad apicem verrucosis numerosis luteolis instructa. Pleurocystidia nulla. Trama hymenophoralis subrcgularis, hyalina, inamyloidea. Caro pilei obscure dextrinoidea. Cellulae cut iculae pilei cylindrico-clavatae vel piriformes, 9-29 x 6-10 1,m, hyalinae, tenuit unicatae, ad apicern verrucos is luteolis dispersae.
Ba sidiocarps ver y sma ll and de licate. P ileu s o ·5- 1' 5 m m broad, pl eurotoid, cu p u latc-reni fo rrn ; surface carrot red (6B7), g labrous , not striate ; ma rgi n s ligh tl y inc u rved, entire . L amellae greyish ora nge (6B4), hi ghl y reduced , narrow and thin Of so m etim es fo ld- like to ridge-like, dis ta n t, very few (2- 3) , rad iating from a lat eral point, somet imes furcat e ; lamellulae ab sent ; lam ell a- edge en ti re, co nco lorou s. Stipe abs ent or rud im entar y, lat er al , Trans. Br . mycol, S oc. 88 (3), (1987)
basidiocarps an smg from a basal pad of white mycelium. Odour and taste nil. Spores 10-13 x 2 '5-3' 7 11m , su bfusoid, thin-walled, smoo th, h yaline, inamy loid . Basid ia not observed . Basid ioles 15-25 x 5-8 I' m , fusoid to cla vat e, th in -walled , h yal in e. L amella-ed ge sterile; che ilocysti dia 11- 24 x 6-9I' m, cla vate, cylin d rico-cl ava te or p yr iform, th in - wall ed , h yaline, apicall y b eset w ith n um er ou s yellowis h ver rucae . Pl eurocyst id ia ab sent. H ym en ophoral trama su b re gular ; h yphae 2-6 I' m wi de, thin to sligh t ly thick-wall ed , h yaline, inamyl oid . Context inte rwoven; h yphae 2-6 I' m wid e, thin to sligh tly th ick-walled , h yal in e , slowly and weakly de xtrinoid . Pi leal su rface a h ym en ifo rm layer of p yr iform , vesicu los e or cla vat e elements, 9-20 x 6-10 I' m , thin-walled, hyaline, api cally beset wi th short , obtus e, ye llowish ve r rucae. H yphae of the rud imentary stipe and ba sal m yceli al pad d ext rin o id . All h yphae wi th clamp-connexi on s. Spec imen examilled : Ind ia, Kerala, Calicut University Campu s, on dead twigs of small shrubs in the shade of cashew tr ees, gregarious, 6 June 1985, P . Manimohan, MI4S (K, holotypc).
Marasmius parvulus belongs to the sec tio n Neosessiles, combin in g a pleurotoid habit with the presence of a h ym en iform p ileipellis o f broomce lls . It is cha ra cte rized b y the carrot-red co lou r of the pil eus, very sma ll size of basidiocarps , the weakly d ext r in oid h yphae of the co ntext, and th is co m bi nat ion tog eth er wi th the sligh tly sm a ller spo res m ak es it d ist inct fro m the closely rel at ed M . griseoroseus (M on t .) D ennis. M arasmius tenuissimus (Jung h .) Si nger, ano ther Neoses siles species comm only found throu gh out Sri Lanka and Indon esia differ s fr om it in having a n on-dextrinoid co ntex t , an oc h raceo us pil eu s and sm aller spores .
Prim ed ill Greal B ritain
Notes and brief art icles
A
I O/lm D
c
~ ~r;O~t",:,
d1~1)/l~ ,, ?1 '7"
"C
Fig.
1.
M arasmius parvulu s. (A) Habit, x 10 ; (B) spores; (C) cheiJocystidia ; (D) clements of pileal surface.
We thank Dr D . N . Pegler, Royal Botanic Gardens, K ew, for suggest ing the novelty of the species, for exa mi n ing th e manuscript and for co rrectin g th e Latin diagnosis. One of u s (P . M.), thanks the Co unci l of Scientific and Industrial Research , Ind ia for financial assistance .
T rans. Br. mycol. Soc. 88 (3), (1987)
RE FER EN C ES
A. & W ANSCHER, J. H . ( 1967). Methuen H andbook of Colour, znd edn . London : Methuen & Co.
K ORNERUP ,
Ltd . R. (1958). New genera of fungi. VII I. Notes concerning sections of the genus Alarasmiu s Fr. Mycologia 50, 103-1 10.
SI NGER,
Printed in Great Britain
42 2
m ethod in co nj u nc tio n w ith the conventional m ethod co u ld p rovide a m ore co m plete picture of the co ni dioge nous apparatus of many fungi. R EFERE N C E S
BULLOCK, G . R. (1984). The current statu s of fixation for electr on microscopy : a review. J cumal of Micr oscopy 133, 1-1 5· COLE, G. T . (1973). Ultrastructure of conidiogenesis in
Drechslera sorokiniana. Canadia n f ournal of B otallY 51, 629-638. FISHER, N . L. , BURGESS, L. W., TOUSSOUN, T . A. & NELSON, P. E. (1982). Carna tion leaves as a substrate and for preserving cultu res of Fusarium sp. Phy topa thology 72, 151-153. KING, E. J. & BROWN, M . F. (1983). A techn ique for preserving aerial structures for scanning electron microscopy. Canadian J oumal of Micr obiology 29, 653-65 8.
MARASMI US PAR VUL US S P . N O V . ( T R I C H O L O M A T A C E A E) FROM SO UTH INDI A B Y P. M A NIM OH A N AND K. M . L E E L AVA TH Y
M y cology Research Lab orat ory , Department of Botany, Univ ersity of Calicut, Kerala 67] 635, In dia Ma rasmius paruulus sp.nov. is d esc ribed from South India . During an investigation into the agaric flora of K er al a Stat e, South India, the au tho rs co llec ted ample m at er ial of an attractive and di st inctive species of Marasmius F r. wh ich consisted o f basid iomes typi cal of the Section N eosessiles S ing er ( 1958) , ye t d iffering fro m a ll the species so far described in that sec tion . The collecti on th er efore represents a hitherto undescribed species and it is p rop osed as new . Colour name s an d co des ar e fro m K ornerup & W an sch er ( 1967) . (F ig . lA-D) Marasmius parvulus sp .nov . Etyrn . : paruulus, L., very sm all Basidiocarpus par vulus, delicatus. Pileus 0 '5- 1'5 mm latus, cupulato-renifo rmis, daucinus, glaber, estriatus , margine subincurvato integro ins truc t us . Lamellae griseo -aurantiacae, perp aucae (2- 3), ang ustata e, tenuissimae, raro furcatae, di stantes ; lamellulis null is. Stipes nullus vel dirninut us, lateralis, mycelio albido basale praeditus. Odor saporque nullu s. Sporae 10-1 3 x 2'5- 3'7 11m, subfusiformes, hyalinae, tenu itun icata e, laeves, inarnyloideae. Che ilocys t idia 11- 24 x 6-9 1,m, pyriformia, cylindrico-clavat a, hyalina, tenuitunicata, ad apicem verrucosis numerosis luteolis instructa. Pleurocystidia nulla. Trama hymenophoralis subrcgularis, hyalina, inamyloidea. Caro pilei obscure dextrinoidea. Cellulae cut iculae pilei cylindrico-clavatae vel piriformes, 9-29 x 6-10 1,m, hyalinae, tenuit unicatae, ad apicern verrucos is luteolis dispersae.
Ba sidiocarps ver y sma ll and de licate. P ileu s o ·5- 1' 5 m m broad, pl eurotoid, cu p u latc-reni fo rrn ; surface carrot red (6B7), g labrous , not striate ; ma rgi n s ligh tl y inc u rved, entire . L amellae greyish ora nge (6B4), hi ghl y reduced , narrow and thin Of so m etim es fo ld- like to ridge-like, dis ta n t, very few (2- 3) , rad iating from a lat eral point, somet imes furcat e ; lamellulae ab sent ; lam ell a- edge en ti re, co nco lorou s. Stipe abs ent or rud im entar y, lat er al , Trans. Br . mycol, S oc. 88 (3), (1987)
basidiocarps an smg from a basal pad of white mycelium. Odour and taste nil. Spores 10-13 x 2 '5-3' 7 11m , su bfusoid, thin-walled, smoo th, h yaline, inamy loid . Basid ia not observed . Basid ioles 15-25 x 5-8 I' m , fusoid to cla vat e, th in -walled , h yal in e. L amella-ed ge sterile; che ilocysti dia 11- 24 x 6-9I' m, cla vate, cylin d rico-cl ava te or p yr iform, th in - wall ed , h yaline, apicall y b eset w ith n um er ou s yellowis h ver rucae . Pl eurocyst id ia ab sent. H ym en ophoral trama su b re gular ; h yphae 2-6 I' m wi de, thin to sligh t ly thick-wall ed , h yaline, inamyl oid . Context inte rwoven; h yphae 2-6 I' m wid e, thin to sligh tly th ick-walled , h yal in e , slowly and weakly de xtrinoid . Pi leal su rface a h ym en ifo rm layer of p yr iform , vesicu los e or cla vat e elements, 9-20 x 6-10 I' m , thin-walled, hyaline, api cally beset wi th short , obtus e, ye llowish ve r rucae. H yphae of the rud imentary stipe and ba sal m yceli al pad d ext rin o id . All h yphae wi th clamp-connexi on s. Spec imen examilled : Ind ia, Kerala, Calicut University Campu s, on dead twigs of small shrubs in the shade of cashew tr ees, gregarious, 6 June 1985, P . Manimohan, MI4S (K, holotypc).
Marasmius parvulus belongs to the sec tio n Neosessiles, combin in g a pleurotoid habit with the presence of a h ym en iform p ileipellis o f broomce lls . It is cha ra cte rized b y the carrot-red co lou r of the pil eus, very sma ll size of basidiocarps , the weakly d ext r in oid h yphae of the co ntext, and th is co m bi nat ion tog eth er wi th the sligh tly sm a ller spo res m ak es it d ist inct fro m the closely rel at ed M . griseoroseus (M on t .) D ennis. M arasmius tenuissimus (Jung h .) Si nger, ano ther Neoses siles species comm only found throu gh out Sri Lanka and Indon esia differ s fr om it in having a n on-dextrinoid co ntex t , an oc h raceo us pil eu s and sm aller spores .
Prim ed ill Greal B ritain
Notes and brief art icles
A
I O/lm D
c
~ ~r;O~t",:,
d1~1)/l~ ,, ?1 '7"
"C
Fig.
1.
M arasmius parvulu s. (A) Habit, x 10 ; (B) spores; (C) cheiJocystidia ; (D) clements of pileal surface.
We thank Dr D . N . Pegler, Royal Botanic Gardens, K ew, for suggest ing the novelty of the species, for exa mi n ing th e manuscript and for co rrectin g th e Latin diagnosis. One of u s (P . M.), thanks the Co unci l of Scientific and Industrial Research , Ind ia for financial assistance .
T rans. Br. mycol. Soc. 88 (3), (1987)
RE FER EN C ES
A. & W ANSCHER, J. H . ( 1967). Methuen H andbook of Colour, znd edn . London : Methuen & Co.
K ORNERUP ,
Ltd . R. (1958). New genera of fungi. VII I. Notes concerning sections of the genus Alarasmiu s Fr. Mycologia 50, 103-1 10.
SI NGER,
Printed in Great Britain