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Marine wind characteristics in the northern Baltic Sea
738
B. Marine Meteorolog)
Propagation of information originating in the northern Indian Ocean and moving eastward into the eastern Pacific was observed for the sea level pressure field, surface wind field, and equatorial precipitation regime. Sea surface temperature variations were due to advective processes, not local air-sea heat exchange. Evidence supports the concept that the Southern Oscillation, El Nifio, and climatic variations in the monsoon system are features of one global scale phenomenon. Climate Res. Gr., Scripps Inst. of Oceanogr., La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. (mwf) 85:5021 Choi, Hyo, 1984. Diurnal variation of the surface wind in the coastal boundary layer. J. oceanol. Soc. Korea, 19(2):210-216.
Analysis of 5 years of hourly wind data from Port Aransas, Texas, revealed that maximum coastal surface wind speeds tended to occur around midnight. Wind maxima with a southerly component were much more frequent than those with a northerly component. Causes of the nocturnal surface wind speed maxima are related to atmospheric stability, vertical momentum transfer and wind shear. KORDI, P.O. Box Yeong-Dong 17, Seoul, Korea. (mjj) 85:5022 Launiainen, Jouko and Tuomas Laurila, 1984. Marine wind characteristics in the northern Baltic Sea. Finn. mar. Res., 250:52-86.
The data are based primarily on recent Finnish automatic marine weather stations data. Wind statistics are given, overall characteristics are discussed, some features of gustiness are reported, and comparisons of marine and coastal wind conditions are made. Univ. of Helsinki, Fabianinkatu 24A, SF-00100 Helsinki 10, Finland. 85:5023 Overland, J.E., 1984. Scale analysis of marine winds in straits and along mountainous coasts. Mort. Weath. Rev., 112(12):2530-2534.
Adjustment of the mass and motion fields in straits is governed by separate along- and cross-strait Rossby numbers, a strait drag coefficient, and a stratification parameter relating internal Rossby radius of deformation to strait width. The wind field is in approximate geostrophic balance with an imposed cross-channel pressure gradient. An alongchannel pressure gradient is primarily balanced by the gap wind. Vertical motion and horizontal divergence in the near-surface wind field can be large even for moderately stable stratification;
OLR (1985) 32 (9)
particularly abrupt transitions of the surface wind field can exist at the exits of straits, where there is a rapid change of the scaling parameters. The scale analysis also applies to open coasts with the Rossby radius of deformation replacing the width of the strait as the offshore length scale. PMEL, NOAA. Seattle, WA 98115, USA. 85:5024 Rao, K.S.R., S.T. Awade and M.V.H. Nair, 1983. Monsoon activity and coupling between lowlatitude and high-latitude stratospheric activities. Pure appl. Geophys., 121(5-6): 1035-1048. Indian Inst. of Tropical Meteorol., Pune-5, India.
B280. Storms, disturbances, cyclones, etc. 85:5025 Frank, W.M., 1984. A composite analysis of the core of a mature hurricane [Frederic, 1979]. Mon. Weath. Rev., 112(12):2401-2420.
The depth of the inflow layer decreases with decreasing radius. As a result, surface drag coefficients derived from angular momentum budgets do not appear to increase with increasing wind speed. The sensible heat budget shows downward subgridscale heat fluxes near cloud base and indicates that the net flux of sensible heat from the sea to the air in the core region is probably on the order of 50 W m 2, which is much smaller than most previous estimates. Dept. of Meteorol., Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA 16802, USA.
B310. Chemistry 85:5026 Bonsang, B. and G. Lambert, 1985. Nonmethane hydrocarbons in an oceanic atmosphere. J. atmos. Chem., 2(3):257-271.
The highly reactive nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHC) and radioactive tracers were measured in the Mediterranean Sea, Red Sea, North Atlantic and South Pacific. Average concentrations of N M H C (mainly continental in origin) were 0.05 to 0.2 ppbv. Correlations between propane and radon-222 suggest an approximate continental propane source of 60 million tons of carbon per year. Centre des Faibles Radioact., Domaine du CNRS, F-91190 Gif sur Yvette, France. (gsb)
B. Marine Meteorolog)
Propagation of information originating in the northern Indian Ocean and moving eastward into the eastern Pacific was observed for the sea level pressure field, surface wind field, and equatorial precipitation regime. Sea surface temperature variations were due to advective processes, not local air-sea heat exchange. Evidence supports the concept that the Southern Oscillation, El Nifio, and climatic variations in the monsoon system are features of one global scale phenomenon. Climate Res. Gr., Scripps Inst. of Oceanogr., La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. (mwf) 85:5021 Choi, Hyo, 1984. Diurnal variation of the surface wind in the coastal boundary layer. J. oceanol. Soc. Korea, 19(2):210-216.
Analysis of 5 years of hourly wind data from Port Aransas, Texas, revealed that maximum coastal surface wind speeds tended to occur around midnight. Wind maxima with a southerly component were much more frequent than those with a northerly component. Causes of the nocturnal surface wind speed maxima are related to atmospheric stability, vertical momentum transfer and wind shear. KORDI, P.O. Box Yeong-Dong 17, Seoul, Korea. (mjj) 85:5022 Launiainen, Jouko and Tuomas Laurila, 1984. Marine wind characteristics in the northern Baltic Sea. Finn. mar. Res., 250:52-86.
The data are based primarily on recent Finnish automatic marine weather stations data. Wind statistics are given, overall characteristics are discussed, some features of gustiness are reported, and comparisons of marine and coastal wind conditions are made. Univ. of Helsinki, Fabianinkatu 24A, SF-00100 Helsinki 10, Finland. 85:5023 Overland, J.E., 1984. Scale analysis of marine winds in straits and along mountainous coasts. Mort. Weath. Rev., 112(12):2530-2534.
Adjustment of the mass and motion fields in straits is governed by separate along- and cross-strait Rossby numbers, a strait drag coefficient, and a stratification parameter relating internal Rossby radius of deformation to strait width. The wind field is in approximate geostrophic balance with an imposed cross-channel pressure gradient. An alongchannel pressure gradient is primarily balanced by the gap wind. Vertical motion and horizontal divergence in the near-surface wind field can be large even for moderately stable stratification;
OLR (1985) 32 (9)
particularly abrupt transitions of the surface wind field can exist at the exits of straits, where there is a rapid change of the scaling parameters. The scale analysis also applies to open coasts with the Rossby radius of deformation replacing the width of the strait as the offshore length scale. PMEL, NOAA. Seattle, WA 98115, USA. 85:5024 Rao, K.S.R., S.T. Awade and M.V.H. Nair, 1983. Monsoon activity and coupling between lowlatitude and high-latitude stratospheric activities. Pure appl. Geophys., 121(5-6): 1035-1048. Indian Inst. of Tropical Meteorol., Pune-5, India.
B280. Storms, disturbances, cyclones, etc. 85:5025 Frank, W.M., 1984. A composite analysis of the core of a mature hurricane [Frederic, 1979]. Mon. Weath. Rev., 112(12):2401-2420.
The depth of the inflow layer decreases with decreasing radius. As a result, surface drag coefficients derived from angular momentum budgets do not appear to increase with increasing wind speed. The sensible heat budget shows downward subgridscale heat fluxes near cloud base and indicates that the net flux of sensible heat from the sea to the air in the core region is probably on the order of 50 W m 2, which is much smaller than most previous estimates. Dept. of Meteorol., Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA 16802, USA.
B310. Chemistry 85:5026 Bonsang, B. and G. Lambert, 1985. Nonmethane hydrocarbons in an oceanic atmosphere. J. atmos. Chem., 2(3):257-271.
The highly reactive nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHC) and radioactive tracers were measured in the Mediterranean Sea, Red Sea, North Atlantic and South Pacific. Average concentrations of N M H C (mainly continental in origin) were 0.05 to 0.2 ppbv. Correlations between propane and radon-222 suggest an approximate continental propane source of 60 million tons of carbon per year. Centre des Faibles Radioact., Domaine du CNRS, F-91190 Gif sur Yvette, France. (gsb)