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Matt and scratch-resistant films and process for their manufacture
Abstracts of patents Abstracts of British Patents are prepared by Dr F.R. Jones, Department of Metallurgy, University of Surrey, Guildford
BRITISH PA TENTS
Photoluminescent material (P.E.L.A. Gravisse, 9 Residence Boieldieu, 92-Puteaux, France) BrPat 1 484 471 (1 September, 1977) The material is a composite based on glass fibre and ground siliceous filler and a phosphorescent compound such as ZnS. Epoxide materials (Secretary of State for Defence) Br Pat 1 484 797(8 September 1977) A room temperature curing epoxy resin system is described which consists of, an epoxide of a butadiene/acrylonitrile copolmer with amine terminated polyether, and which is considered to be a useful structural adhesive for the aircraft industries. Process for the manufacture of glycidyl ethers of monohydric or polyhydric phenols which have improved properties (Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft) Br Pat 1 485 345 (8 September 19 77) These epoxy resins are claimed to have lower viscosity than conventional resins and form stable dispersions with fillers, particularly at higher temperatures. Composite material comprising reinforced aluminium or aluminium-base alloy (Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd, Japan) Br Pat 1 484 980 (8 September 1977) An alumina or alumina-silica fibre is produced by spinning a solution of polyaluminoxane or a mixture containing this and a polysiloxane together with another inorganic salt (of BP 1457 801) to a precursor fibre which is slowly hydrolysed and calcined at temperatures up to 1550°C. Fibre of 1-600/am diameter can be produced. Pure alumina fibre of 10/am diameter has a tensile strength 10-15 t/cm z and tensile modulus of 1000-1500 t/cm 2. For AI203-Si02 fibres these values are 25-30 t/cm 2 and 25003500 t/cm 2 respectively. These fibres are easily wetted by aluminium, and composites which show no fibre pull-
COMPOSITES. JULY 1978
out on fracture are produced. The composite is prepared by pressing aluminium foil with parallel fibres at 620°C at a pressure of 12 MN/m 2 evacuated to 104 torr.
Superconducting niobium carbonitride fibres and method for the preparation thereof (The Carborundum Company, USA) Br Pat 1 484 894 (8 September 1977) Fibres having the formula NbCxNx_x where x is from 0.05 - 0.75 are formed by exposing carbon fibres to niobium ha(ides (NbCls) with hydrogen and nitrogen in the vapour phase at 1200°C. Method of making fibrous alkali metal titanates (Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd, Japan) Br Pat l 485 398 (8 ,September 1977) Fibrous alkali metal titanates with good thermal insulating properties are made by melting at a temperature of at least 1000°C a mixture of a titanium compound (eg Ti02) and an alkali metal compound (eg K2 CO3), quenching the mixture to form a glass, which is then powdered, l]ydrolysis at 350°C produces fibres of 10-15/am long with a L/D ratio about 100.
made from aluminium and magnesium "alloys: tensile strength is improved from 270 to 860 MN/m 2. A process for introducing filamentary reinforcing materials into a heat softenable polymeric material and single screw extruder apparatus thereof (Exxon Research and Engineering Co)
Br Pat i 485 500 (14 September 1977) Continuous glass fibres or other fibrous materials can be continually introduced, using the newly designed single screw extruder, into thermoplastics maintaining large L:D ratio and at the same time producing a homogenous dispersion. A method of manufacturing composite material (Rolls-Royce Limited) Br Pat 1 485 586 (14 September 1977) Thermoplastics such as polycarbonate or polysulphone are reinforced with continuous filaments (such as carbon fibre) by compressing layers of polymer and filaments above Tg at about 7 MN/m 2 , a mandrel is used to produce tile correct shape.
Improvement in or relating to flooring or coating compositions (Keenan, H.W., Shamley Green, Surrey) Br Pat I 486 033 (14 September 1977) Anti-static flooring or coating is produced by incorporating short (1-5 ram), high modulus carbon fibres into an epoxy or polyester composition.
Improvements in primers and composite structures (General Electric Co, USA) Br Pat 1 485 517 (14 September 1977) The reaction product of 3,-amino propyltriethoxysilane with water in a suitable water-compatible solvent is claimed to be superior in priming glass fibre for preparing laminates with polyesters. Also mentioned as matrix materials are polycarbonate and polycarbonatepolysiloxane block copolymers.
Improvements in or relating to fibre/ metal composite materials (Fiber Materials, Inc, USA) Br Pat 1 485 896 (14 September 1977) C:~rbon fibres can be embedded in metallic matrices if they are coated uniformly with an adherent comprising a mixture of SiO 2 and SiC produced by vapour phase deposition from SiCI4 reduced by H2 in the presence of 02 or CO2 at temperatures from 6001800°C. Good composites can be
Matt and scratch-resistant films and process for their manufacture Alkor GmbH (Germany) and CibaGeigy Ag (Switzerland)) Br Pat 1 486 638 (21 September 1977) Improved scratch resistance of thermoplastic films can be achieved by reinforcing with up to 25% glass spheres of size 0.5-75/am. The domes project from the surface but are completely covered by a continuous film of the thermoplastic.
209
BRITISH PA TENTS
Photoluminescent material (P.E.L.A. Gravisse, 9 Residence Boieldieu, 92-Puteaux, France) BrPat 1 484 471 (1 September, 1977) The material is a composite based on glass fibre and ground siliceous filler and a phosphorescent compound such as ZnS. Epoxide materials (Secretary of State for Defence) Br Pat 1 484 797(8 September 1977) A room temperature curing epoxy resin system is described which consists of, an epoxide of a butadiene/acrylonitrile copolmer with amine terminated polyether, and which is considered to be a useful structural adhesive for the aircraft industries. Process for the manufacture of glycidyl ethers of monohydric or polyhydric phenols which have improved properties (Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft) Br Pat 1 485 345 (8 September 19 77) These epoxy resins are claimed to have lower viscosity than conventional resins and form stable dispersions with fillers, particularly at higher temperatures. Composite material comprising reinforced aluminium or aluminium-base alloy (Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd, Japan) Br Pat 1 484 980 (8 September 1977) An alumina or alumina-silica fibre is produced by spinning a solution of polyaluminoxane or a mixture containing this and a polysiloxane together with another inorganic salt (of BP 1457 801) to a precursor fibre which is slowly hydrolysed and calcined at temperatures up to 1550°C. Fibre of 1-600/am diameter can be produced. Pure alumina fibre of 10/am diameter has a tensile strength 10-15 t/cm z and tensile modulus of 1000-1500 t/cm 2. For AI203-Si02 fibres these values are 25-30 t/cm 2 and 25003500 t/cm 2 respectively. These fibres are easily wetted by aluminium, and composites which show no fibre pull-
COMPOSITES. JULY 1978
out on fracture are produced. The composite is prepared by pressing aluminium foil with parallel fibres at 620°C at a pressure of 12 MN/m 2 evacuated to 104 torr.
Superconducting niobium carbonitride fibres and method for the preparation thereof (The Carborundum Company, USA) Br Pat 1 484 894 (8 September 1977) Fibres having the formula NbCxNx_x where x is from 0.05 - 0.75 are formed by exposing carbon fibres to niobium ha(ides (NbCls) with hydrogen and nitrogen in the vapour phase at 1200°C. Method of making fibrous alkali metal titanates (Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd, Japan) Br Pat l 485 398 (8 ,September 1977) Fibrous alkali metal titanates with good thermal insulating properties are made by melting at a temperature of at least 1000°C a mixture of a titanium compound (eg Ti02) and an alkali metal compound (eg K2 CO3), quenching the mixture to form a glass, which is then powdered, l]ydrolysis at 350°C produces fibres of 10-15/am long with a L/D ratio about 100.
made from aluminium and magnesium "alloys: tensile strength is improved from 270 to 860 MN/m 2. A process for introducing filamentary reinforcing materials into a heat softenable polymeric material and single screw extruder apparatus thereof (Exxon Research and Engineering Co)
Br Pat i 485 500 (14 September 1977) Continuous glass fibres or other fibrous materials can be continually introduced, using the newly designed single screw extruder, into thermoplastics maintaining large L:D ratio and at the same time producing a homogenous dispersion. A method of manufacturing composite material (Rolls-Royce Limited) Br Pat 1 485 586 (14 September 1977) Thermoplastics such as polycarbonate or polysulphone are reinforced with continuous filaments (such as carbon fibre) by compressing layers of polymer and filaments above Tg at about 7 MN/m 2 , a mandrel is used to produce tile correct shape.
Improvement in or relating to flooring or coating compositions (Keenan, H.W., Shamley Green, Surrey) Br Pat I 486 033 (14 September 1977) Anti-static flooring or coating is produced by incorporating short (1-5 ram), high modulus carbon fibres into an epoxy or polyester composition.
Improvements in primers and composite structures (General Electric Co, USA) Br Pat 1 485 517 (14 September 1977) The reaction product of 3,-amino propyltriethoxysilane with water in a suitable water-compatible solvent is claimed to be superior in priming glass fibre for preparing laminates with polyesters. Also mentioned as matrix materials are polycarbonate and polycarbonatepolysiloxane block copolymers.
Improvements in or relating to fibre/ metal composite materials (Fiber Materials, Inc, USA) Br Pat 1 485 896 (14 September 1977) C:~rbon fibres can be embedded in metallic matrices if they are coated uniformly with an adherent comprising a mixture of SiO 2 and SiC produced by vapour phase deposition from SiCI4 reduced by H2 in the presence of 02 or CO2 at temperatures from 6001800°C. Good composites can be
Matt and scratch-resistant films and process for their manufacture Alkor GmbH (Germany) and CibaGeigy Ag (Switzerland)) Br Pat 1 486 638 (21 September 1977) Improved scratch resistance of thermoplastic films can be achieved by reinforcing with up to 25% glass spheres of size 0.5-75/am. The domes project from the surface but are completely covered by a continuous film of the thermoplastic.
209