MUNICIPAL HONOURS AND MEDICAL MEN.

1271 sckness which generally prevails among the pilgrims after their ascent from Arafat and Muna, and continues for some time u Mecca also, is the insanitary condition of Muna and tie abominable stench that pervades the town after the first
from Jeddah and Mecca describe the state of the sacred cities as being filthy in the extreme, especially after the sacrifice of thousands of animals-to say nothing of foul drinking water and the overcrowding of an exhausted and starving crowd of pilgrims. Although the exact origin of the last epidemic, which began at Damietta in Egypt, was never traced, it was in all probability attributable to pilgrim importation and to the foul state of the water, soil, and site, as also to the overcrowding at the Damietta fair. The noteworthy points in the report of the health officer the port of Bombay which call for serious attention at the present time are briefly these : (1) the insanitary condition of Jedda and the sacred cities, and the enormous mortality among the pilgrims in Arabia ; and (2) the high deathrate on board ship; (3) the danger to Europe from the Persian Gulf and Haj cities rather than from India ; (4) the apathy of the Turks in all sanitary matters ; (5) the necessity for the establishment of an International Board at Jedda with a medical officer representing the Indian This Board should draw up rules for the Government. pilgrim traffic and see that they are carried out; the sanitary condition of Jedda and of the sacred cities and the Red Sea lazarettos should be improved, and condensed water should be issued, as at Aden, at ports where fresh water is not available. It may be said that this means money, but a small tax from pilgrims would probably be sufficient to meet the expenditure. It is generally understood that the Sultan is always extremely anxious to prevent the introduction of cholera into The best way of doing this, and of safehis dominions. guarding Europe at the same time, is to begin by improving the sanitary condition of Arabia and by providing for the essential hygienic requirements of the followers of his faith gathered from all parts of the world. To leave things as they are in Arabia is to wilfully disregard considerations of humanity and a recurring source of grave international danger.

of

MUNICIPAL HONOURS AND MEDICAL MEN. IT is gratifying to notice that there has been no falling off in the number of those members of the profession who have been elected to the civic chair. The office is naturally an onerous one, but in his official position as head of the corporation the Mayor has many opportunities of doing good in those ways which most concern the health of the community, and for this reason the office is one especially suited to the

medical man. Alderman

has M.D. St. And., J.P., the third successive year, the mayoral chair In discharging the duties of, his office Dr. Ewart has received much assistance from his sister, the Mayoress, and during the past municipal year he has

identified himself with many

improvements

which reflect

great credit upon himself and the corporation. At the banquet given in his honour by the townsmen Sir Joseph Fayrer, K.C.S.I., in proposing the toast of the evening, expressed his belief in the great merits, the noble personal character, the very high administrative ability, the calm and judioious mode of dealing with great and important

questions,

and the fund of that

uncommon

quality,

common

It was, he said, as fitting of Hygeia should be the that the high priest of favourite disciple of Esculapius as it was that the distinguished medical officer, holding high rank, and possessing these attributes, should, as chief magistrate of that great resort, become their presiding genius. Bournemouth has chosen for its representative in the civic chair Alderman G. M. Hirons, L. R. C. P. and L. R. C S.Edin., L.S.A. After finishing his curriculum at Anderson’s College and the University of Glasgow he was appointed house physician to the Royal Infirmary, and then to the Teignmouth Infirmary. In 1873 he went to Bournemouth, and two years later commenced a successful practice, which sense, which Dr. Ewart

I health .

Joseph Ewart,

accepted, for of Brighton.

possessed. the temple

1272 he had to relinquish in the year 1885 owing to ill-health. In Stratford-on-Avon. His last two years of office have been 1888 he was a successful candidate for a seat on the Board of characterised by the putting into practice of the dictum Improvement Commissioners, and remained a member of the which he laid down on the occasion of his present election ;-, Board until the town was incorporated in 1890, when he stood "Everyone should do his share of public work and should as a candidate for the ward in which he lived, and was be prepared to accept the responsibilities which that work returned after a severe contest. At the first meeting of involves. " the new Council he was made alderman, and has been chair-I Mr. M. C. Halton, L.R.C.P. Irel. & L M., has been elected man of the Parks Committee for two years, and chairman of for the second successive year to the mayoral chair of the School Attendance Committee for the same period. He Barnsley. He received his medical training at Ledwich is a hard worker in the cause of temperance, and has taken School of Medicine, Dublin, and in Meath Hospital. In the great interest in the construction of public recreation grounds year 1868 he went to Barnsley and took great interest in the municipal affairs of the town. for the inhabitants of Norwich. Pembroke has elected for its civic representative Mr. W. B. Mr. James Albert Bright, M.R.C.S Eng., L S.A., whohas been elected for the third time to fill the civic chair of the Wall, L. R. C. P. Lond., M R. C. S. Eng., L. S A. He was born town of Glastonbury, is the second son of the late Dr. at Wedmore in Somersetshire in 1849, and served as pupil J. R. D. P. Bright, who forty years ago was a well-known to the late Mr. W. D. Wathen of Fishguard, Pembrokeshhe. medical practitioner at the West-end of London. Mr. J. A. enteiing for hospital work at University College in October, Bright entered as a student at St. George’s Hospital in 1856, 1868, and qualifying in 1871. After filling various junior where he distinguished himself in chemistry and was awarded positions he settled in practice in Pembroke about fifteen the Benjamin Brodie Prize in clinical surgery. For some years ago. He has been a member of the corporation fo:r three or four years he acted in the capacity of surgeon to twelve years, and has taken a prominent and active part ic: the London and East India Shipping Company, and in 1865 municipal administration. Some years ago he declined the: he settled at Glastonbury. In the year 1873 he was elected civic chair on the score of youth and inexperience. a member of the municipal body of which he is still a In the year 1876 he was first elected to the member. mayoralty, which honour was repeated in the year 1881. Sir Peter Eade, M.D. Lond , F.R.C P. Lond., &c., who occu- DISSECTION FOR THE FELLOWSHIP OF pied the civic chair of Norwich in the year 1883, has again THE ROYAL COLLEGE OF SURGEONS been elected to that office. He served as a pupil for a term OF ENGLAND. at the Norfolk and Norwich Hospital, and then as student at King’s College, London, where he was senior medical scholar, and was afterwards made hon. fellow of the College. At the AT the meeting of the Council of the Royal College of London University he won three gold medals and the UniSurgeons versity Medical Scholarship. He acted as consulting physician before it oftheEngland held on the 9th inst. the Council had,’ to the Norfolk and Norwich Hospital for thirty years. In following resolution, which had been unani-. 1871 he was President of the medical section of the British mously adopted by the Court of Examiners on Oct. 25th, Medical Association meeting at Norwich, and he has been 1893, in reference to the regulations for the diploma of’ Justice of the Peace for the city since the same year. In Fellow-viz. : "That it be recommended to the Council that 1880 he was elected sheriff, and he was knighted in 1885. He Section 1, paragraph 4, of the Regulations for the diploma. has been an energetic worker in the interests of the city. of Fellow be altered in the following manner :— Alderman E. J. Domville, J. P., L. R. C. P. Lond., M R. C. S. one of the surgeons to the Devon and Exeter Hospital, who Paragraph as at present : "4. Of having performed dissechas been elected to the mayoral chair of Exeter, has been a tions at a recognised school or schools during three wintermember of Exeter City Council for thirteen years, during sessions. " which time he has taken a great interest in the sanitary Paragraph as proposed : "Of having been engaged in theHe has twice been chairman of the acquirement of professional knowledge at a recognised matters of the city. Sanitary Committee and chairman of the Asylum Committee medical school during a period of not less than three winter on three occasions. Both in his capacity of mayor and as a sessions, and of having dissected at a recognised school or prominent Churchman he isspecially fitted to meet the schools for a period of not less than eighteen months during members of the Church Congress which is to meet at Exeter the ordinary sessions-i. e., exclusive of the months of April, next autumn. Augui-t, and September." After considerable discussion the resolution was carried by Mr. J. Holden, L. R. C. P. Edin , MR.C.S. Eng, the new Mayor of Preston, was born in June, 1842, and is the son a majority of the Council, including, no doubt, the five, Mr. Holden was members of the Court of Examiners who had recommended of James Fawcett Holden, surgeon. a and commenced to surgeon, practice at Moor the alteration. On a comparison of the two paragraphs, the apprenticed Park, Preston, in 1868. He entered the town council in old and the new, it will be seen that the actual amount of 1876 and has been an assiduous member of the Sanitary, dissection required under the amended regulation will be. Mr. ostensibly the same as before--viz., eighteen months. The Parks and Baths, and Grammar Schools Committees Holden is a member of the honorary staff of the Preston and difference between the two requirements consists in that,. County of Lancaster Royal Infirmary, and was last year made whereas the student has hitherto been obliged to dissect the President of the Medico-Ethical Society, having been for three winter sessions, and thus to dissect up to the time when he ought to present himself for examination, he secretary since its reorganisation. Mr. Fergus Armstrong, M.D., L.R.C.S. Edin., who twenty will now be able to substitute two summer sessions of disyears ago was elected Mayor by the townsmen of Appleby, section for one winter session, and, if he chooses, to complete has again been elected to that office. He graduated at the the whole of his eighteen months of dissection in two years. Edinburgh University in 1850, and took the licence of the The third winter session will thus be left free for bookwork Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh in the same year. or for observation of the dissections of others. The question Until the disestablishment of the county prison he acted as arises, Will these changes be of any practical utility or its surgeon and as medical officer of the Appleby district of tend to make the student better prepared for his examinathe East Ward Union for upwards of twenty years, from tion and for surgical practice ?‘! We doubt whether they will. which he retired on account of ill-health. Dr. Armstrong The great danger to be apprehended from the new reguhas been a great benefactor to the town. lation is that it will result in the candidates for the FellowThe Mayor of Conway, Mr. R. Arthur-Prichard, L.R.C P. ship dissecting less than they did before. Two summer Edin., M. R. C. S. Eng., J P. and County Councillorfor Conway, sessions cannot be held to be equivalent to one winter session is on the Commission of the Peace for Carnarvonshire ; and at as far as dissection is concerned, while the summer is much the Conway district elections to the first and second better adapted for bookwork. Of the three months of theCarnarvonshire County Councils he headed the poll by summer session-May, June, and July-May is the only month. majorities of 98 and 181 respectively. He was appointed, in during which dissection can be carried on with reasonablehis magisterial capacity, a member of the Carnarvonshire comfort. Parts will not keep well in hot weather, and Joint Police Committee. He takes great interest in all local dissection becomes repulsive. The restraint imposed on the’ affairs, and works hard in the interest of the Lunatic student is felt far more severely in the summer months, Asylum Committee of North Wales, of which he is a member. when, like Falstaff, he is apt "to babble of green fields." For the third tíme Mr. Latimer Greene, L.R.C.P , After May the dissection will probably be scamped or perL.R.C.S. Edin., has been elected to fill the civic chair at formed in a perfunctory manner, and the six months of

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