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Nodotia lyndoniae: a new addition to the British and European mycota
mycologist 20 (2006) 97–98
available at www.sciencedirect.com
journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/mycol
Nodotia lyndoniae: a new addition to the British and European mycota N. W. LEGON c/o Mycology Dept., Jodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3 AB
Nodotia lyndoniae (D.A. Reid) Hjortstam & Ryvarden in Synopsis Fungorum 18: 18 (2004)
Hypochnicium lyndoniae (D.A. Reid) Hjortstam in Mycotaxon 54: 187 (1985) Odontia lyndoniae D.A. Reid in Kew Bull. 10: 641 (1956) Nodotia aspera Hjortstam in Mycotaxon 28: 33 (1987) During the autumn of 2004, a puzzling corticioid species was collected in a plantation of Picea abies in West Sussex (vc.13). Basidiomes occurred on bark of small brashed branches or, more frequently, on the many decayed stumps that had been left after previous thinning of the woodland – these were immediately noticeable even in the gloomy conditions present amongst the closely planted rows of trees since they were a particularly vivid chalk-white colour, and appeared from a distance to have been whitewashed! Material was taken to the Mycology Dept. (RBG. Kew) for examination, and further collections made in November 2005 when the fungus was even more abundant than previously. Microscopic examination initially suggested a superficial resemblence to the genus Hyphodermella, with bunched clusters of heavily encrusted, cystidia-like, hyphal ends abundant in the hymenium but the combination of these and other features such as the large subglobose to ovoid-ellipsoid spores did not fit that genus at all being more suggestive of a Hypochnicium. Another specimen in herb. K [from South Somerset (vc.5)], also thought initially to have been a Hyphodermella, was re-examined and found to be the same as the material from West Sussex. Having reached a hiatus in the identification process, material was sent to Kurt Hjortstam who kindly suggested that this was Nodotia lyndoniae. A description follows. Basidiomes resupinate, closely adnate to, and forming extensive patches on, the substrate, initially opalescent-white, chalk-white but often with patchy pale ochraceous areas when mature. Surface initially smooth, later slightly nodulose, then gradually covered in short hydnoid aculei, these
sparse and scattered or densely aggregated into small clusters (especially on the nodulose areas), 0.5–1.5 1.0 mm when young, up to 4.0 1.0 mm when mature, apices initially blunt, then finely penicillate (brush-like) with age. Consistency rather soft and waxy-ceraceous. Margins abrupt in older parts, finely fibrillose in young areas. No obvious smell or taste (Fig. 1).
Fig. 1
0269-915X/$ – see front matter ª 2006 The British Mycological Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.mycol.2006.06.002
98
Microscopy Spores: (8.0) 9–10 (10.5) mu., smooth, subglobose to slightly ovoid-ellipsoid, slightly thick-walled, with a small apiculus, inamyloid but coloured yellowish-brown in Melzer’s reagent, mostly non-cyanophilous (but a few very slightly bluing!) and unstained in ammoniated Congo Red. Basidia: (32) 35–42 (44) 6–7 (8) mu., clavate, thin-walled, filled with numerous droplets, tetrasporic, with large sterigmata (4–8 mu, long) and with a basal clamp connection. Cystidia: present, as ‘encrusted cystidioid hyphae’, these arising from agglutinated bundles of thick-walled hyphae forming the central core of each aculeus, 7–9 mu wide, with the terminal parts coarsely encrusted with crystalline material and projecting from the aculeal apices [thus reminiscent of those seen in Hyphodermella corrugata]. Also arising from these hyphae are similar encrusted hyphae, 7–9 (10) mu, but produced at an acute angle from the core hyphae to penetrate the sides of the aculei. Hyphal system: ‘pseudodimitic’, with hyphae thick-walled, 7–9 mu diameter, but with large clamp connections at all septa. Generative hyphae thin to slightly thick-walled, 3–4 mu. diameter, also with clamp connections. Material examined.
N. W. Legon
Miss. H. Purnell. Det. D.A. Reid. A handwritten note on this packet (by Reid) says ‘apparently spreading up the trunks from soil and needle litter around the trunk bases’. K(M)136173: [Isotype of Nodotia aspera]: on dead trunks of Pinus radiata, in montane forest. Africa: Tanzania, Kilimanjaro Province, Mount Kilimanjaro. 15th January 1970. Coll. & det. L. Ryvarden (no. 5187). K(M)136174: [Isoparatype of Nodotia aspera]: on wood in montane forest. Africa: Kenya, Eastern Province, Aberdare Mountains, Kimiaka Forest Station. 16th January 1973. Coll. & det. L. Ryvarden (no. 8984). K(M) 136178: on wood (no other details) Australia: Southern Australia, Kuilpo. 3rd June 1928. Coll. J.B. Cleland [originally determined as ‘the odontoid state of Hypochnicium bombycinum’] K(M) 136179: on wood. (no other details) New Zealand: unlocalised and undated. Rev. W. Colenso (ex. herb. M.J. Berkeley). K(M) 136180: on wood. (no other details) South America: Brazil, Sao Paulo. 21st July 1967. leg. B. Skvortzov. Det. K. Hjortstam. Duplicate of spec. no. 106806 in herb. Sao Paulo.
Discussion
British collections K(M) 129555: on bark of old stumps of Picea in woodland (an old plantation). England: West Sussex, The Marlows, near Cocking. 31st Oct. 2004. N.W. Legon K(M) 129556: same habitat, location and date. On brashed branches of Picea. N.W. Legon K(M) 134575: same habitat and location. On decayed stumps of Picea. 16th November 2005. N.W. Legon K(M) 103055: on wood (underside of a large decayed log of Picea sp.) lying in grass in plantation woodland. England: South Somerset, Bird’s Hill (near Monksilver) 11th Oct. 2002. N.W. Legon Comparison of these collections with the type of Odontia lyndoniae and also with collections from Africa, Australia, Brazil and New Zealand confirmed that the British collections were indeed N. lyndoniae.
Non British collections examined K(M) 136175 [Type of Odontia lyndoniae]: on bark of dead standing trunk of Salix sp. Australia: Southern Australia, Victoria, Leongatha 9th June 1953. Coll. Mrs. E. Lyndon. Det. D.A. Reid [no. 3458]. K(M) 136176: same locality, on decayed building timber lying on soil. 24th June 1953. Coll. Mrs. E. Lyndon. Det. D.A. Reid [no. 3594]. K(M) 136177: on bark of dead standing trunks of Pinus radiata in plantation woodland. Australia: Southern Australia, Holloways Plantation near Mount Gumber. May 1952. Coll.
Nodotia (an anagram of Odontia) was introduced by Hjortstam (1987) to accommodate fungi deviating from the genus Hypochnicium by the presence of of large, cystidioid, encrusted, projecting, hyphal ends but with similar spores and basidia. Nodotia lyndoniae is rarely reported but apparently widespread throughout the world – in addition to those collections mentioned above it is also known elsewhere in Africa (Burundi: Bururi) [material in herb. Hjortstam]. The collection from West Sussex represents the first British, and in fact the first European record of this taxon and, in this location, is very abundant and would appear to be well established.
Acknowledgements My thanks to Kurt Hjortstam for his help and, as always, useful comments and also to Peter Roberts (Mycology Dept. RBG Kew)
further reading
Boidin J, Gilles G, 2000. Bulletin trimestriel de la Socie´te´ mycologique de France 116: 159–172. Cunningham GH, 1959. Transactions of the Royal Society of Newzealand 86: 65–103. Reid DA, 1956. Kew Bulletin 1955: 641.
available at www.sciencedirect.com
journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/mycol
Nodotia lyndoniae: a new addition to the British and European mycota N. W. LEGON c/o Mycology Dept., Jodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3 AB
Nodotia lyndoniae (D.A. Reid) Hjortstam & Ryvarden in Synopsis Fungorum 18: 18 (2004)
Hypochnicium lyndoniae (D.A. Reid) Hjortstam in Mycotaxon 54: 187 (1985) Odontia lyndoniae D.A. Reid in Kew Bull. 10: 641 (1956) Nodotia aspera Hjortstam in Mycotaxon 28: 33 (1987) During the autumn of 2004, a puzzling corticioid species was collected in a plantation of Picea abies in West Sussex (vc.13). Basidiomes occurred on bark of small brashed branches or, more frequently, on the many decayed stumps that had been left after previous thinning of the woodland – these were immediately noticeable even in the gloomy conditions present amongst the closely planted rows of trees since they were a particularly vivid chalk-white colour, and appeared from a distance to have been whitewashed! Material was taken to the Mycology Dept. (RBG. Kew) for examination, and further collections made in November 2005 when the fungus was even more abundant than previously. Microscopic examination initially suggested a superficial resemblence to the genus Hyphodermella, with bunched clusters of heavily encrusted, cystidia-like, hyphal ends abundant in the hymenium but the combination of these and other features such as the large subglobose to ovoid-ellipsoid spores did not fit that genus at all being more suggestive of a Hypochnicium. Another specimen in herb. K [from South Somerset (vc.5)], also thought initially to have been a Hyphodermella, was re-examined and found to be the same as the material from West Sussex. Having reached a hiatus in the identification process, material was sent to Kurt Hjortstam who kindly suggested that this was Nodotia lyndoniae. A description follows. Basidiomes resupinate, closely adnate to, and forming extensive patches on, the substrate, initially opalescent-white, chalk-white but often with patchy pale ochraceous areas when mature. Surface initially smooth, later slightly nodulose, then gradually covered in short hydnoid aculei, these
sparse and scattered or densely aggregated into small clusters (especially on the nodulose areas), 0.5–1.5 1.0 mm when young, up to 4.0 1.0 mm when mature, apices initially blunt, then finely penicillate (brush-like) with age. Consistency rather soft and waxy-ceraceous. Margins abrupt in older parts, finely fibrillose in young areas. No obvious smell or taste (Fig. 1).
Fig. 1
0269-915X/$ – see front matter ª 2006 The British Mycological Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.mycol.2006.06.002
98
Microscopy Spores: (8.0) 9–10 (10.5) mu., smooth, subglobose to slightly ovoid-ellipsoid, slightly thick-walled, with a small apiculus, inamyloid but coloured yellowish-brown in Melzer’s reagent, mostly non-cyanophilous (but a few very slightly bluing!) and unstained in ammoniated Congo Red. Basidia: (32) 35–42 (44) 6–7 (8) mu., clavate, thin-walled, filled with numerous droplets, tetrasporic, with large sterigmata (4–8 mu, long) and with a basal clamp connection. Cystidia: present, as ‘encrusted cystidioid hyphae’, these arising from agglutinated bundles of thick-walled hyphae forming the central core of each aculeus, 7–9 mu wide, with the terminal parts coarsely encrusted with crystalline material and projecting from the aculeal apices [thus reminiscent of those seen in Hyphodermella corrugata]. Also arising from these hyphae are similar encrusted hyphae, 7–9 (10) mu, but produced at an acute angle from the core hyphae to penetrate the sides of the aculei. Hyphal system: ‘pseudodimitic’, with hyphae thick-walled, 7–9 mu diameter, but with large clamp connections at all septa. Generative hyphae thin to slightly thick-walled, 3–4 mu. diameter, also with clamp connections. Material examined.
N. W. Legon
Miss. H. Purnell. Det. D.A. Reid. A handwritten note on this packet (by Reid) says ‘apparently spreading up the trunks from soil and needle litter around the trunk bases’. K(M)136173: [Isotype of Nodotia aspera]: on dead trunks of Pinus radiata, in montane forest. Africa: Tanzania, Kilimanjaro Province, Mount Kilimanjaro. 15th January 1970. Coll. & det. L. Ryvarden (no. 5187). K(M)136174: [Isoparatype of Nodotia aspera]: on wood in montane forest. Africa: Kenya, Eastern Province, Aberdare Mountains, Kimiaka Forest Station. 16th January 1973. Coll. & det. L. Ryvarden (no. 8984). K(M) 136178: on wood (no other details) Australia: Southern Australia, Kuilpo. 3rd June 1928. Coll. J.B. Cleland [originally determined as ‘the odontoid state of Hypochnicium bombycinum’] K(M) 136179: on wood. (no other details) New Zealand: unlocalised and undated. Rev. W. Colenso (ex. herb. M.J. Berkeley). K(M) 136180: on wood. (no other details) South America: Brazil, Sao Paulo. 21st July 1967. leg. B. Skvortzov. Det. K. Hjortstam. Duplicate of spec. no. 106806 in herb. Sao Paulo.
Discussion
British collections K(M) 129555: on bark of old stumps of Picea in woodland (an old plantation). England: West Sussex, The Marlows, near Cocking. 31st Oct. 2004. N.W. Legon K(M) 129556: same habitat, location and date. On brashed branches of Picea. N.W. Legon K(M) 134575: same habitat and location. On decayed stumps of Picea. 16th November 2005. N.W. Legon K(M) 103055: on wood (underside of a large decayed log of Picea sp.) lying in grass in plantation woodland. England: South Somerset, Bird’s Hill (near Monksilver) 11th Oct. 2002. N.W. Legon Comparison of these collections with the type of Odontia lyndoniae and also with collections from Africa, Australia, Brazil and New Zealand confirmed that the British collections were indeed N. lyndoniae.
Non British collections examined K(M) 136175 [Type of Odontia lyndoniae]: on bark of dead standing trunk of Salix sp. Australia: Southern Australia, Victoria, Leongatha 9th June 1953. Coll. Mrs. E. Lyndon. Det. D.A. Reid [no. 3458]. K(M) 136176: same locality, on decayed building timber lying on soil. 24th June 1953. Coll. Mrs. E. Lyndon. Det. D.A. Reid [no. 3594]. K(M) 136177: on bark of dead standing trunks of Pinus radiata in plantation woodland. Australia: Southern Australia, Holloways Plantation near Mount Gumber. May 1952. Coll.
Nodotia (an anagram of Odontia) was introduced by Hjortstam (1987) to accommodate fungi deviating from the genus Hypochnicium by the presence of of large, cystidioid, encrusted, projecting, hyphal ends but with similar spores and basidia. Nodotia lyndoniae is rarely reported but apparently widespread throughout the world – in addition to those collections mentioned above it is also known elsewhere in Africa (Burundi: Bururi) [material in herb. Hjortstam]. The collection from West Sussex represents the first British, and in fact the first European record of this taxon and, in this location, is very abundant and would appear to be well established.
Acknowledgements My thanks to Kurt Hjortstam for his help and, as always, useful comments and also to Peter Roberts (Mycology Dept. RBG Kew)
further reading
Boidin J, Gilles G, 2000. Bulletin trimestriel de la Socie´te´ mycologique de France 116: 159–172. Cunningham GH, 1959. Transactions of the Royal Society of Newzealand 86: 65–103. Reid DA, 1956. Kew Bulletin 1955: 641.