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P1—Nomenclature and acronyms for highly fluorinated substances—Polymers and chemicals
Reproductive Toxicology 33 (2012) 1–29
Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect
Reproductive Toxicology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/reprotox
U.S. EPA PFAA days III Symposium
P1—Nomenclature and acronyms for substances—Polymers and chemicals
highly
fluorinated
R.C. Buck 1,∗ , J. Franklin 2 , many very helpful collaborators 1
E.I. du Pont De Nemours & Co., Inc, Wilmington, DE, United States 2 CLF-Chem Consulting SPRL, Grez-Doiceau, Belgium The discovery of fluorinated substances such as perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in the environment has prompted an expansive increase in research and publications on these and related substances. Concomitantly, authors have created new words and acronyms to describe these and like substances. Unfortunately this has resulted in multiple terms and acronyms that describe the same substances and broad terms to describe a wide array of substances that may in fact not really be like one another. For example, what does the term “PFC” describe? As a result, an effort has been undertaken by a workgroup within Plastics Europe in collaboration with a number of academic and government researchers to agree upon the definition and use of terms and acronyms that clearly and specifically describe highly fluorinated substances of many types. The goal of this effort is adoption and use of these terms and acronyms. The poster will present this work in its current form and solicit input and reflection from the conference participants. doi:10.1016/j.reprotox.2011.11.035 P2—EcoTox and PK findings for ammonium perfluorohexanoate (APFHx) Hiroyuki Iwai Daikin Industries, Ltd., Nishi Hitotsuya, Settu, Osaka, Japan
1. Fish, early life stage toxicity test to Oncorhynchus mykiss (Rainbow trout) The objective of the study was to establish the effect of ammonium perfluorohexanoate (APFHx) on the growth and development of embryos and larvae of the freshwater fish species Oncorhynchus mykiss (Rainbow trout) in a Fish Early-Life Stage Toxicity Test. The test was conducted with a flow-through test design. The validity criterion for hatching success was satisfied. The NOEC and LOEC for hatching success, post-hatch larval survival, total fish length and fish weight were 9.96 and >9.96 mg/L respectively.
0890-6238/$ – see front matter
There were no dose related abnormalities recorded during the test. 2. The excretion and tissue distribution of [14 C]-APFHx in the mouse and the rat following a single and multiple oral administration at 50 mg/kg The objective of this study was to examine excretion patterns and rates for APFHx following single and multiple (14 day) oral doses at 50 mg/kg to male and female mice and rats. The test substance was a [14 C]-labeled version of APFHx. Tier.1: single oral dose Irrespective of gender or species, following a single oral administration, total radioactivity excretion was rapid, with mean recoveries of over 90% of the dose at 24 h post dose. The major route of elimination was via the urine (percentage means between 73.0 and 90.2% of the dose), followed by the feces (percentage means between 7.0 and 15.5% of the dose). Elimination via expired air was negligible. Tier.2: multiple (14 daily doses) oral dose A multiple (13 daily doses) oral administration of APFHx was followed by a single oral administration of [14 C]-APFHx. Irrespective of gender or species, total radioactivity excretion was rapid, with mean recoveries of over 90% of the dose administered (and with mean values >95% of the ultimately recovered material) at 24 h post dose. The major route of elimination was via the urine (percentage means between 77.8 and 83.4% of the dose), followed by the feces (percentage means between 9.6 and 12.9% of the dose). doi:10.1016/j.reprotox.2011.11.036
Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect
Reproductive Toxicology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/reprotox
U.S. EPA PFAA days III Symposium
P1—Nomenclature and acronyms for substances—Polymers and chemicals
highly
fluorinated
R.C. Buck 1,∗ , J. Franklin 2 , many very helpful collaborators 1
E.I. du Pont De Nemours & Co., Inc, Wilmington, DE, United States 2 CLF-Chem Consulting SPRL, Grez-Doiceau, Belgium The discovery of fluorinated substances such as perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in the environment has prompted an expansive increase in research and publications on these and related substances. Concomitantly, authors have created new words and acronyms to describe these and like substances. Unfortunately this has resulted in multiple terms and acronyms that describe the same substances and broad terms to describe a wide array of substances that may in fact not really be like one another. For example, what does the term “PFC” describe? As a result, an effort has been undertaken by a workgroup within Plastics Europe in collaboration with a number of academic and government researchers to agree upon the definition and use of terms and acronyms that clearly and specifically describe highly fluorinated substances of many types. The goal of this effort is adoption and use of these terms and acronyms. The poster will present this work in its current form and solicit input and reflection from the conference participants. doi:10.1016/j.reprotox.2011.11.035 P2—EcoTox and PK findings for ammonium perfluorohexanoate (APFHx) Hiroyuki Iwai Daikin Industries, Ltd., Nishi Hitotsuya, Settu, Osaka, Japan
1. Fish, early life stage toxicity test to Oncorhynchus mykiss (Rainbow trout) The objective of the study was to establish the effect of ammonium perfluorohexanoate (APFHx) on the growth and development of embryos and larvae of the freshwater fish species Oncorhynchus mykiss (Rainbow trout) in a Fish Early-Life Stage Toxicity Test. The test was conducted with a flow-through test design. The validity criterion for hatching success was satisfied. The NOEC and LOEC for hatching success, post-hatch larval survival, total fish length and fish weight were 9.96 and >9.96 mg/L respectively.
0890-6238/$ – see front matter
There were no dose related abnormalities recorded during the test. 2. The excretion and tissue distribution of [14 C]-APFHx in the mouse and the rat following a single and multiple oral administration at 50 mg/kg The objective of this study was to examine excretion patterns and rates for APFHx following single and multiple (14 day) oral doses at 50 mg/kg to male and female mice and rats. The test substance was a [14 C]-labeled version of APFHx. Tier.1: single oral dose Irrespective of gender or species, following a single oral administration, total radioactivity excretion was rapid, with mean recoveries of over 90% of the dose at 24 h post dose. The major route of elimination was via the urine (percentage means between 73.0 and 90.2% of the dose), followed by the feces (percentage means between 7.0 and 15.5% of the dose). Elimination via expired air was negligible. Tier.2: multiple (14 daily doses) oral dose A multiple (13 daily doses) oral administration of APFHx was followed by a single oral administration of [14 C]-APFHx. Irrespective of gender or species, total radioactivity excretion was rapid, with mean recoveries of over 90% of the dose administered (and with mean values >95% of the ultimately recovered material) at 24 h post dose. The major route of elimination was via the urine (percentage means between 77.8 and 83.4% of the dose), followed by the feces (percentage means between 9.6 and 12.9% of the dose). doi:10.1016/j.reprotox.2011.11.036