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PATHOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND
238 "
another trained person," and herein lies a practical difficulty in rural districts. Chloroform is certainly a potent drug and I for one would not consent to allowing any but one trained in its use to administer it, even in the form of capsules such as those used in this investigation. I am convinced that these capsules can be a very real danger to mother and child if improperly used. In institutions, such as Queen Mary’s Maternity Home, and in district work in large towns, no great
difficulty should arise to prevent their use. But taking the country as a whole some different organisation to that already in existence seems to me essential if the use of chloroform capsules is to be universally adopted. In conclusion, I wish to express to the matron and staff of Queen Mary’s Maternity Home my sincere thank& for their cooperation in this investigation. Also, I wish to thank the National Birthday Trust Fund for kindly
supplying
the
capsules.
MEDICAL SOCIETIES PATHOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND A MEETING of this societywas held on July 7th and 8th in the new Algernon Firth. Institute of the University of Leeds. The chair was taken at various times by Prof. M. J. STEwART, Prof. J. W. McLEOD, and Prof. R. D. PASSEY. R. J. V. PULVERTAFT (London) described the differentiation of bacteria by their fluorescence in ultra-violet light : the substance responsible for the effect is heat-stable and soluble in alcohol.-J. W. HowiE (Glasgow) gave an account of the modifications induced in Aronson’s streptococcus by growth in dilute acriflavine ; at one stage rough strains without capsules were still virulent.-R. CRUICKSHANK and A. SHARMAN (Glasgow) had worked out the occurrence of glycogen in the vaginal epithelium, and showed how it was related to the development of an acid reaction and the characteristic bacterial flora.J. W. McLEOD and his colleagues (Leeds) had further the occurrence of the " gravis " and investigated " mitis " types of diphtheria bacilli in Glasgow, Hull, Leeds, and elsewhere. Mitis infections were everywhere mild, but many intermediate strains had been found and appeared to be associated with forms of the disease about as severe as those with gravis bacilli.—-W. M. CUMMING (Grassington) found 25 bovine infections in 1177 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis in England ; seven out of 31 cases which had been in close contact with cattle were bovine, and bovine infections seemed to be more frequent in the north than south.-J. McINTOSH (London) had cultivated an appearance suggestive of a filtrable microbe from cases of influenza and carried it through numerous subcultures ; it lived for a long time at room temperature or in the cold and could survive boiling.-C. H. BROwNING and R. GULBRANSEN (Glasgow) described a remarkable styryl compound which, injected into mice, protected them against trypanosome infections for many months.-A. A. MILES (Cambridge) showed that the firm combination of antigen and antibody in the precipitin reaction was not complete when actual particulation had begun.—:S. J. HOPKINS and A. WORMALL (Leeds) had worked at the immunology of phenylureido compounds with proteids; they showed a specificity of their own ; thus an antiserum to the serum globulin compound would react with the caseinogen and gelatin compounds.-M. H. FINKELSTEIN (Edinburgh) confirmed his previous work on the value of absorption tests in showing the specific and non-specific components of the bactericidins of normal serum.R. WILLIAMSON (Cambridge) showed that the constriction of the bronchioles in anaphylactic shock could be shown (but not very well) by lipiodol and X rays ; also that the relative physiological dead space was increased in advanced phthisis, bronchi-
ectasis, and pleurisy.-A. N. DRURY (Cambridge) distinguished between anaphylactic and sero-toxic shock by electrocardiograms.-H. W. FLOREY and
H: E. HARDING (Sheffield) described the very alkaline mucoid fluid secreted by Brunner’s glands, and how it protected the duodenal mucosa from the destructive effect of the acid gastric juice.-J. McINTOSH (London) said that all the fowl tumours he had produced by tar could be classed as fibrosarcomas, though some were endothelial and some angeiomatous ; one was easily transmissible by filtrates.-P. R. PEACOCK (Glasgow) had had no success in filtration experiments with similar tumours.-I. BERENBLUM and L. P. KENDAL (Leeds) had produced tumours in rats and fowls with suspensions of dibenzanthracene without any fat.-L. W. PRICE (Glasgow) thought that all natural and experimental bird tumours could be classified into three groups-round-celled, spindlecelled, and spider-celled.-SYLVIA DICKINSON and R. E. HAVARD (Leeds) found no evidence that the reaction of the arterial blood of persons with cancer differed from the normal.-A. E. BOYCOTT and C. L. OAKLEY (London) showed that the blood volume was increased after any but quite small transfusions, and that the plasma volume remained remarkably constant with a considerable loss of injected plasma protein.-C. J. POLSON (Leeds), from experiments on rabbits poisoned with shale oil, concluded that glycine tolerance was the best available test of liver function. -J. DAVIDSON (Edinburgh) demonstrated the drastic changes in the liver caused by a diet deficient in cystine.-J. B. DUGUID (Cardiff) showed that an excess of acid phosphate in the food, especially combined with an excess of vitamin D, produced an interesting form of chronic nephritis in rats.-D. BAIRD and J. S. DUNN (Glasgow) described as the characteristic renal lesion of eclampsia a thickening of the basement membrane of the glomerular capillaries, easily overlooked on superficial examination.FREDA K. HERBERT (Leeds) showed that the calcium in cerebro-spinal fluid remains relatively constant with very wide variations in the total and diffusible calcium of blood plasma ; it rises in inflammatory conditions.-M. J. STEWART and S. J. HARTFALL (Leeds) described a large mass of bone-marrow found by the thoracic vertebrae in a case of acholuric jaundice. -R. CARMICHAEL and C. OLDFIELD (Leeds) discussed a strange example of a pseudohermaphrodite, externally a female, with a testis and good epididymis in the broad ligament, operated on for a malignant teratoma of testicular type in the pelvis.-ELLA M. HiCKMAN (Leeds) demonstrated a chorion epithelioma, (presumably teratomatous in origin), with widespread metastases, in a girl of 12 years.-R. W. SCARFF (London) discussed the non-keratinising radio-sensitive tumours of the nasopharynx, &c., known as lymphoepithelioma.-J. W. S. BLACKLOCK (Glasgow) described minute fibrotic kidneys in an infant, and other kidneys with many lymph follicles in their substance.-There were, in addition, a number of demonstrations.
another trained person," and herein lies a practical difficulty in rural districts. Chloroform is certainly a potent drug and I for one would not consent to allowing any but one trained in its use to administer it, even in the form of capsules such as those used in this investigation. I am convinced that these capsules can be a very real danger to mother and child if improperly used. In institutions, such as Queen Mary’s Maternity Home, and in district work in large towns, no great
difficulty should arise to prevent their use. But taking the country as a whole some different organisation to that already in existence seems to me essential if the use of chloroform capsules is to be universally adopted. In conclusion, I wish to express to the matron and staff of Queen Mary’s Maternity Home my sincere thank& for their cooperation in this investigation. Also, I wish to thank the National Birthday Trust Fund for kindly
supplying
the
capsules.
MEDICAL SOCIETIES PATHOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND A MEETING of this societywas held on July 7th and 8th in the new Algernon Firth. Institute of the University of Leeds. The chair was taken at various times by Prof. M. J. STEwART, Prof. J. W. McLEOD, and Prof. R. D. PASSEY. R. J. V. PULVERTAFT (London) described the differentiation of bacteria by their fluorescence in ultra-violet light : the substance responsible for the effect is heat-stable and soluble in alcohol.-J. W. HowiE (Glasgow) gave an account of the modifications induced in Aronson’s streptococcus by growth in dilute acriflavine ; at one stage rough strains without capsules were still virulent.-R. CRUICKSHANK and A. SHARMAN (Glasgow) had worked out the occurrence of glycogen in the vaginal epithelium, and showed how it was related to the development of an acid reaction and the characteristic bacterial flora.J. W. McLEOD and his colleagues (Leeds) had further the occurrence of the " gravis " and investigated " mitis " types of diphtheria bacilli in Glasgow, Hull, Leeds, and elsewhere. Mitis infections were everywhere mild, but many intermediate strains had been found and appeared to be associated with forms of the disease about as severe as those with gravis bacilli.—-W. M. CUMMING (Grassington) found 25 bovine infections in 1177 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis in England ; seven out of 31 cases which had been in close contact with cattle were bovine, and bovine infections seemed to be more frequent in the north than south.-J. McINTOSH (London) had cultivated an appearance suggestive of a filtrable microbe from cases of influenza and carried it through numerous subcultures ; it lived for a long time at room temperature or in the cold and could survive boiling.-C. H. BROwNING and R. GULBRANSEN (Glasgow) described a remarkable styryl compound which, injected into mice, protected them against trypanosome infections for many months.-A. A. MILES (Cambridge) showed that the firm combination of antigen and antibody in the precipitin reaction was not complete when actual particulation had begun.—:S. J. HOPKINS and A. WORMALL (Leeds) had worked at the immunology of phenylureido compounds with proteids; they showed a specificity of their own ; thus an antiserum to the serum globulin compound would react with the caseinogen and gelatin compounds.-M. H. FINKELSTEIN (Edinburgh) confirmed his previous work on the value of absorption tests in showing the specific and non-specific components of the bactericidins of normal serum.R. WILLIAMSON (Cambridge) showed that the constriction of the bronchioles in anaphylactic shock could be shown (but not very well) by lipiodol and X rays ; also that the relative physiological dead space was increased in advanced phthisis, bronchi-
ectasis, and pleurisy.-A. N. DRURY (Cambridge) distinguished between anaphylactic and sero-toxic shock by electrocardiograms.-H. W. FLOREY and
H: E. HARDING (Sheffield) described the very alkaline mucoid fluid secreted by Brunner’s glands, and how it protected the duodenal mucosa from the destructive effect of the acid gastric juice.-J. McINTOSH (London) said that all the fowl tumours he had produced by tar could be classed as fibrosarcomas, though some were endothelial and some angeiomatous ; one was easily transmissible by filtrates.-P. R. PEACOCK (Glasgow) had had no success in filtration experiments with similar tumours.-I. BERENBLUM and L. P. KENDAL (Leeds) had produced tumours in rats and fowls with suspensions of dibenzanthracene without any fat.-L. W. PRICE (Glasgow) thought that all natural and experimental bird tumours could be classified into three groups-round-celled, spindlecelled, and spider-celled.-SYLVIA DICKINSON and R. E. HAVARD (Leeds) found no evidence that the reaction of the arterial blood of persons with cancer differed from the normal.-A. E. BOYCOTT and C. L. OAKLEY (London) showed that the blood volume was increased after any but quite small transfusions, and that the plasma volume remained remarkably constant with a considerable loss of injected plasma protein.-C. J. POLSON (Leeds), from experiments on rabbits poisoned with shale oil, concluded that glycine tolerance was the best available test of liver function. -J. DAVIDSON (Edinburgh) demonstrated the drastic changes in the liver caused by a diet deficient in cystine.-J. B. DUGUID (Cardiff) showed that an excess of acid phosphate in the food, especially combined with an excess of vitamin D, produced an interesting form of chronic nephritis in rats.-D. BAIRD and J. S. DUNN (Glasgow) described as the characteristic renal lesion of eclampsia a thickening of the basement membrane of the glomerular capillaries, easily overlooked on superficial examination.FREDA K. HERBERT (Leeds) showed that the calcium in cerebro-spinal fluid remains relatively constant with very wide variations in the total and diffusible calcium of blood plasma ; it rises in inflammatory conditions.-M. J. STEWART and S. J. HARTFALL (Leeds) described a large mass of bone-marrow found by the thoracic vertebrae in a case of acholuric jaundice. -R. CARMICHAEL and C. OLDFIELD (Leeds) discussed a strange example of a pseudohermaphrodite, externally a female, with a testis and good epididymis in the broad ligament, operated on for a malignant teratoma of testicular type in the pelvis.-ELLA M. HiCKMAN (Leeds) demonstrated a chorion epithelioma, (presumably teratomatous in origin), with widespread metastases, in a girl of 12 years.-R. W. SCARFF (London) discussed the non-keratinising radio-sensitive tumours of the nasopharynx, &c., known as lymphoepithelioma.-J. W. S. BLACKLOCK (Glasgow) described minute fibrotic kidneys in an infant, and other kidneys with many lymph follicles in their substance.-There were, in addition, a number of demonstrations.