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Preliminary studies on dynamics of the ovarian surface epithelium on the ovulation fossa in mares during the estrous cycle
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8th ISEET Abstracts / Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 32 (2012) 397-422
was identified as Coccidiodes immitus, which is a human health concern. All cultures and other samples from the mare were destroyed. Personnel involved with the case were evaluated for seroconversion (i.e. positive titer) and fortunately all were negative. The mare was re-bred and a second embryo was collected. However, fungal hyphae were present in the search dish. The embryo was washed numerous times and transferred into a recipient mare. The recipient mare was administered oral fluconazole (14 mg/kg loading dose; 5 mg/ kg maintenance dose) to inhibit fungal growth associated with transfer of the embryo. The recipient mare became pregnant and carried to term. The fungal organism in the embryo search dish was confirmed by PCR to be C. immitus. Since C. immitus has been reported to disseminate from a primary respiratory infection, chest radiographs and a bronchial-alveolar lavage were performed to determine if the lungs were the nidus of infection. No evidence of infection was identified in the respiratory tract. The donor mare was sent home with instructions to administer fluconazole orally for an additional 6 to 8 weeks. In conclusion, fungal endometritis due to C. immitus was diagnosed in an embryo donor mare. Two ET pregnancies were established in recipient mares. Caution should be taken by veterinarians performing fungal culture in geographical areas endemic for C. immitus as the organism is a potential human health hazard.
Preliminary studies on dynamics of the ovarian surface epithelium on the ovulation fossa in mares during the estrous cycle Henrique Boll de Araujo Bastos 1, Gabriel de Oliveira Santos 1, Murilo Farias Rodrigues 1, Angélica Pires Neves 2, Luis Augusto Cruz 2, Sandra Fiala Rechsteiner 1, 2, Mara Iolanda Batistella Rubin 1, 3, Rodrigo Costa Mattos 1, and Adriana Pires Neves 1, 4 1 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Animal: Equinos (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil-RS), 2 Universidade Federal de Pelotas Brasil-RS, 3 Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 4 Universidade Federal do Pampa, Brasil-RS Many studies have demonstrated that the ovarian surface epithelium (OSE) is fundamental to events related to ovulation in some species of mammals. The aim of this work is to elucidate the influence of estrous cycle upon OSE and its dynamics, during the different estrus phases, in mares bred in Southern Brazil. Ovaries from 21 mares were obtained from a slaughterhouse, then the ovaries were measured and their structures as follicles and corpora lutea were measured and registered. From each ovary, a portion corresponding to the ovulation fossa was taken with scissors and stored in 4% formalin, processed for optical microscopy and stained with Hematoxilin-eosin. Ovaries were classified in three groups (Group 1– mesothelial; Group 2- low cubic; and Group 3high cubic) according to the epithelium height, and were related to the estrous cycle phase of the respective. Data were analyzed through ANOVA. Twelve animals (57.1%) were classified as being in diestrus and 9 (42.8%) in estrus. Group 1, related to mesothelial cells, occurred in 10 ovaries (23.8%); Group 2, (low cubic), was seen in 18 ovaries (42.8%); and Group 3 (high cubic), occurred in 14 ovaries (33.3%).
Mean size of estrus follicles obtained was: 29.4 11.9 mm (greater follicles) and 12.1 6.6 mm (smaller follicles). The epithelium height was significantly different between estral cycle phases (P ¼ 0.0004), since mares in estrus showed a higher epithelium. From the estrus mares, 66.6% presented Group 3 epithelium, and 33.3% had Group 2. From the diestrus mares, 58.3% showed a Group 2 epithelium, 33.3% Group 1, and 8.3% Group 3. It can then be concluded that OSE cells may suffer influence of the changes in hormone concentrations during the estrus cycle, mainly estrogens. It can be considered that this change is important to the occurrence of events that determine ovulation. Additional work is still in progress to obtain anestrus samples. References [1] Wright JW, Jurevic L, Stouffer RL. Dynamics of the primate ovarian surface epithelium during the ovulatory menstrual cycle. Human Reproduction 2011;26(6):1408-21. [2] Murdoch WJ, McDonnel AC. Roles of the ovarian surface epithelium in ovulation and carcinogenesis. Reproduction 2002;123:743-50.
Effect of vascularity of corpus luteum in progesterone production of mares Renata Cristina Uliani 1, Mateus José Sudano 1, Eunice Oba 1, Luciano Andrade Silva 2, and Marco Antonio Alvarenga 1 1 Animal Reproduction Department – FMVZ – Sao Paulo State University – UNESP Botucatu/Brazil, 2 FZEA – University of Sao Paulo – USP – Pirassununga/Brazil The CL is one of the most vascularized structures of the organism. This is very interesting because of the short time between its development and regression. After the follicular evacuation, the blood perfusion increases progressively until it involves its entire circumference six days post-ovulation. During this period, progesterone (P4) also increases progressively showing the highest values between D8 and D14. At this time the vascularity of the CL is also the highest. During the luteolysis, the vascularity of the CL decrease more slowly that the P4 concentration. Earlier researchers showed no relationship between size of CL and progesterone production and also showed an increase in progesterone production with the increase on the vascularity. Considering the relationship between vascular perfusion of the CL and the plasma concentration of P4, the Doppler ultrasonography could be used as good alternative for evaluation of the CL functionality for embryo recipient selection. In a crossover experiment design, this work aimed to evaluate the effect of vascularity of the CL on progesterone production and the relationship between CL of high and low vascularity and their progesterone production. The estrous cycles of 14 mares of different ages and breeds were followed daily until a > 32 mm follicle and uterine edema was detected. Ovulation induction was performed in three consecutive cycles of the same mare to reduce the individual variation. Doppler ultrasonographic images were performed and blood samples collected on Day 8 after ovulation for progesterone evaluation (radioimmunoassay method - CoatA-Count). For the statistical analysis, data were submitted to ANOVA and Pearson's Correlation through PROC GLM and
8th ISEET Abstracts / Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 32 (2012) 397-422
was identified as Coccidiodes immitus, which is a human health concern. All cultures and other samples from the mare were destroyed. Personnel involved with the case were evaluated for seroconversion (i.e. positive titer) and fortunately all were negative. The mare was re-bred and a second embryo was collected. However, fungal hyphae were present in the search dish. The embryo was washed numerous times and transferred into a recipient mare. The recipient mare was administered oral fluconazole (14 mg/kg loading dose; 5 mg/ kg maintenance dose) to inhibit fungal growth associated with transfer of the embryo. The recipient mare became pregnant and carried to term. The fungal organism in the embryo search dish was confirmed by PCR to be C. immitus. Since C. immitus has been reported to disseminate from a primary respiratory infection, chest radiographs and a bronchial-alveolar lavage were performed to determine if the lungs were the nidus of infection. No evidence of infection was identified in the respiratory tract. The donor mare was sent home with instructions to administer fluconazole orally for an additional 6 to 8 weeks. In conclusion, fungal endometritis due to C. immitus was diagnosed in an embryo donor mare. Two ET pregnancies were established in recipient mares. Caution should be taken by veterinarians performing fungal culture in geographical areas endemic for C. immitus as the organism is a potential human health hazard.
Preliminary studies on dynamics of the ovarian surface epithelium on the ovulation fossa in mares during the estrous cycle Henrique Boll de Araujo Bastos 1, Gabriel de Oliveira Santos 1, Murilo Farias Rodrigues 1, Angélica Pires Neves 2, Luis Augusto Cruz 2, Sandra Fiala Rechsteiner 1, 2, Mara Iolanda Batistella Rubin 1, 3, Rodrigo Costa Mattos 1, and Adriana Pires Neves 1, 4 1 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Animal: Equinos (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil-RS), 2 Universidade Federal de Pelotas Brasil-RS, 3 Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 4 Universidade Federal do Pampa, Brasil-RS Many studies have demonstrated that the ovarian surface epithelium (OSE) is fundamental to events related to ovulation in some species of mammals. The aim of this work is to elucidate the influence of estrous cycle upon OSE and its dynamics, during the different estrus phases, in mares bred in Southern Brazil. Ovaries from 21 mares were obtained from a slaughterhouse, then the ovaries were measured and their structures as follicles and corpora lutea were measured and registered. From each ovary, a portion corresponding to the ovulation fossa was taken with scissors and stored in 4% formalin, processed for optical microscopy and stained with Hematoxilin-eosin. Ovaries were classified in three groups (Group 1– mesothelial; Group 2- low cubic; and Group 3high cubic) according to the epithelium height, and were related to the estrous cycle phase of the respective. Data were analyzed through ANOVA. Twelve animals (57.1%) were classified as being in diestrus and 9 (42.8%) in estrus. Group 1, related to mesothelial cells, occurred in 10 ovaries (23.8%); Group 2, (low cubic), was seen in 18 ovaries (42.8%); and Group 3 (high cubic), occurred in 14 ovaries (33.3%).
Mean size of estrus follicles obtained was: 29.4 11.9 mm (greater follicles) and 12.1 6.6 mm (smaller follicles). The epithelium height was significantly different between estral cycle phases (P ¼ 0.0004), since mares in estrus showed a higher epithelium. From the estrus mares, 66.6% presented Group 3 epithelium, and 33.3% had Group 2. From the diestrus mares, 58.3% showed a Group 2 epithelium, 33.3% Group 1, and 8.3% Group 3. It can then be concluded that OSE cells may suffer influence of the changes in hormone concentrations during the estrus cycle, mainly estrogens. It can be considered that this change is important to the occurrence of events that determine ovulation. Additional work is still in progress to obtain anestrus samples. References [1] Wright JW, Jurevic L, Stouffer RL. Dynamics of the primate ovarian surface epithelium during the ovulatory menstrual cycle. Human Reproduction 2011;26(6):1408-21. [2] Murdoch WJ, McDonnel AC. Roles of the ovarian surface epithelium in ovulation and carcinogenesis. Reproduction 2002;123:743-50.
Effect of vascularity of corpus luteum in progesterone production of mares Renata Cristina Uliani 1, Mateus José Sudano 1, Eunice Oba 1, Luciano Andrade Silva 2, and Marco Antonio Alvarenga 1 1 Animal Reproduction Department – FMVZ – Sao Paulo State University – UNESP Botucatu/Brazil, 2 FZEA – University of Sao Paulo – USP – Pirassununga/Brazil The CL is one of the most vascularized structures of the organism. This is very interesting because of the short time between its development and regression. After the follicular evacuation, the blood perfusion increases progressively until it involves its entire circumference six days post-ovulation. During this period, progesterone (P4) also increases progressively showing the highest values between D8 and D14. At this time the vascularity of the CL is also the highest. During the luteolysis, the vascularity of the CL decrease more slowly that the P4 concentration. Earlier researchers showed no relationship between size of CL and progesterone production and also showed an increase in progesterone production with the increase on the vascularity. Considering the relationship between vascular perfusion of the CL and the plasma concentration of P4, the Doppler ultrasonography could be used as good alternative for evaluation of the CL functionality for embryo recipient selection. In a crossover experiment design, this work aimed to evaluate the effect of vascularity of the CL on progesterone production and the relationship between CL of high and low vascularity and their progesterone production. The estrous cycles of 14 mares of different ages and breeds were followed daily until a > 32 mm follicle and uterine edema was detected. Ovulation induction was performed in three consecutive cycles of the same mare to reduce the individual variation. Doppler ultrasonographic images were performed and blood samples collected on Day 8 after ovulation for progesterone evaluation (radioimmunoassay method - CoatA-Count). For the statistical analysis, data were submitted to ANOVA and Pearson's Correlation through PROC GLM and