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Radiation Therapy of Seminoma of the Testis
206
ONCOLOGY AND CHEMOTHERAPY
by a humoral factor distinct from parathyroid hormone. G. w. K. 4 figures, 21 references
Retroperitoneal Cystic Lymphangioma V. K. KAPOOR, S. K. DAS, A. K. MUKHOPADHYAY AND L. K. SHARMA, Departments of Surgery and Patlwlogy, AllIndia Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
N. Y. State J. Med., 85: 36-37 (Jan.) 1985
early invasion into adjacent structures difficult. Magnetic resonance imaging produces superior soft tissue resolution and direct multiplanar images permit accurate localization of pelvic lesions. The differences among the uterus, vagina, ovary and muscle are clear. Pathological conditions within an organ can be detected without contour changes. The involvement of adjacent viscera, fat or muscle may be seen on magnetic resonance images as a change in the normal signal intensity of that structure. As more experience with magnetic resonance imaging is accumulated, it could assume an important role in the clinical management of pelvic malignancies. M. G. F. 1 figure, 7 references
Lymphangiomas are cystic and cavernous tumors that arise from lymphatic vessels and resemble cystic hygromas of the neck in children. Smooth muscle layers in the walls distinguish these tumors from lymphocysts. Abdominally, lymphangiomas Carcinoma In Situ of the Testis in Children with 45,X/ arise in the retroperitoneum. 46,XY Gonadal Dysgenesis A 31-year-old man presented with an asymptomatic abdominal mass that had been enlarging slowly during a 15-month J. MOLLER, N. E. SKAKKEBAEK, M. RITZEN, L. PLOEN period. A plain abdominal film showed a mass displacing the AND K. E. PETERSEN, Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, bowel gas to the left. Excretory urography revealed upward University Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Y, and displacement of the right kidney and medial displacement of University Department of Pediatrics G, Rigshospitalet, and the right ureter. Abdominal ultrasonography showed a large the University Department of Pediatrics, Hvidovre Hospital, retroperitoneal tumor extending from the liver to the pelvis Copenhagen, Denmark, Department of Pediatrics, Karolinska and containing multiple anechoic areas with well defined septa. Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Anatomy and The tumor was removed easily at laparotomy after many of . Histology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsthe cysts were punctured and drained to facilitate mobilization. ala, Sweden and Department of Pediatrics, Kolding Hospital, The tumor measured 38 X 14 x 7 cm. and weighed 2.2 kg. Kolding, Denmark Pathological studies revealed cystic lymphangioma. These tumors are benign and usually asymptomatic. Occasionally, they J. Ped., 106: 431-436 (Mar.) 1985 can cause intestinal, biliary or upper urinary tract obstruction The authors investigated gonadal tissue from 4 children 1 and can be complicated by hemorrhage, infection or rupture. month to 18 years old with 45X/46XY gonadal dysgenesis for Treatment is by surgical excision and recurrence is rare. Correct the presence of carcinoma in situ in germ cells. Gonadal biopsies and gonadectomy specimens were analyzed by means of preoperative diagnosis is rare. J. H. N. conventional histology and densitometric deoxyribonucleic acid 2 figures, 8 references (DNA) measurements. Carcinoma in situ changes were detected in specimens from all 4 patients and aneuploid DNA distribuFemale Urethral Carcinoma: MRI Staging tions of the carcinoma in situ germ cells confirmed the malignant potential of these cells. These observations indicate that M. FISHER, H. HRICAK, C. REINHOLD, E. PROCTOR AND R. WILLIAMS, Departments of Radiology, Patlwlogy and gonadal biopsies should be considered in all patients with Urology, University of California, Sclwol of Medicine, San gonadal dysgenesis and a male phenotype as soon as this syndrome is diagnosed. Findings of carcinoma in situ in the Francisco, California specimens warrant gonadectomy. W. J.C. Amer. J. Roentgen., 144: 603-604 (Mar.) 1985 4 figures, 1 table, 25 references The potential value of magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis and preoperative staging of carcinoma of the urethra Radiation Therapy of Seminoma of the Testis is described. Pelvic computerized tomography (CT) showed a soft tissue mass contiguous with the uterus. No abnormalities B. JOSE, P. L. PERKINS, H. KAYS, A. M. CHU AND were noted in the urethra or bladder. Magnetic resonance S. C. SHARMA, Department of Radiation Oncology, James imaging in the coronal and transaxial planes showed a high Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisintensity mass inferior to the bladder base and vaginal fornices ville, Kentucky near the vagina and proximal urethra, which was deformed by J. Surg. Oncol., 28: 1-3 (Jan.) 1985 tumor. There was preservation of the contour and signal intensity of the retropubic fat, indicating absence of tumor invasion. From 1959 to 1978, 66 patients with seminoma of the testis A mass of low signal intensity was detected in the posterior left were treated (2 had spermatocytic-type tumors). Patient age lateral aspect of the myometrium compatible with leiomyoma. ranged from 16 to 75 years (median 39 years). Of the patients On the basis of magnetic resonance imaging and cystoscopic 39 (59 per cent) and 27 (41 per cent) had stages I and II disease, findings, the tumor was classified as Grabstald stage C and this respectively. Patients with stage I disease received 3,200 to was confirmed by anterior exenteration. The low intensity 3,600 rad in 3 to 4 weeks through an infradiaphragmatic, hockey uterine mass was an intramural leiomyoma. stick exposure. Patients with stage II disease received addiThe differentiation between normal and abnormal tissue by tional radiation to the mediastinum and neck. Survival rates CT often depends on contour alterations and, in this case, were 96 and 95 per cent, respectively. The authors do not altered the shape but not the density of the uterus. CT evalu- recommend elective radiation to the neck and mediastinum for ation at the bladder base is limited because of lack of a distinct patients with stage I tumors. J. H. N. fat plane between the bladder and vagina, making diagnosis of 2 tables, 14 references
ONCOLOGY AND CHEMOTHERAPY
by a humoral factor distinct from parathyroid hormone. G. w. K. 4 figures, 21 references
Retroperitoneal Cystic Lymphangioma V. K. KAPOOR, S. K. DAS, A. K. MUKHOPADHYAY AND L. K. SHARMA, Departments of Surgery and Patlwlogy, AllIndia Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
N. Y. State J. Med., 85: 36-37 (Jan.) 1985
early invasion into adjacent structures difficult. Magnetic resonance imaging produces superior soft tissue resolution and direct multiplanar images permit accurate localization of pelvic lesions. The differences among the uterus, vagina, ovary and muscle are clear. Pathological conditions within an organ can be detected without contour changes. The involvement of adjacent viscera, fat or muscle may be seen on magnetic resonance images as a change in the normal signal intensity of that structure. As more experience with magnetic resonance imaging is accumulated, it could assume an important role in the clinical management of pelvic malignancies. M. G. F. 1 figure, 7 references
Lymphangiomas are cystic and cavernous tumors that arise from lymphatic vessels and resemble cystic hygromas of the neck in children. Smooth muscle layers in the walls distinguish these tumors from lymphocysts. Abdominally, lymphangiomas Carcinoma In Situ of the Testis in Children with 45,X/ arise in the retroperitoneum. 46,XY Gonadal Dysgenesis A 31-year-old man presented with an asymptomatic abdominal mass that had been enlarging slowly during a 15-month J. MOLLER, N. E. SKAKKEBAEK, M. RITZEN, L. PLOEN period. A plain abdominal film showed a mass displacing the AND K. E. PETERSEN, Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, bowel gas to the left. Excretory urography revealed upward University Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Y, and displacement of the right kidney and medial displacement of University Department of Pediatrics G, Rigshospitalet, and the right ureter. Abdominal ultrasonography showed a large the University Department of Pediatrics, Hvidovre Hospital, retroperitoneal tumor extending from the liver to the pelvis Copenhagen, Denmark, Department of Pediatrics, Karolinska and containing multiple anechoic areas with well defined septa. Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Anatomy and The tumor was removed easily at laparotomy after many of . Histology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsthe cysts were punctured and drained to facilitate mobilization. ala, Sweden and Department of Pediatrics, Kolding Hospital, The tumor measured 38 X 14 x 7 cm. and weighed 2.2 kg. Kolding, Denmark Pathological studies revealed cystic lymphangioma. These tumors are benign and usually asymptomatic. Occasionally, they J. Ped., 106: 431-436 (Mar.) 1985 can cause intestinal, biliary or upper urinary tract obstruction The authors investigated gonadal tissue from 4 children 1 and can be complicated by hemorrhage, infection or rupture. month to 18 years old with 45X/46XY gonadal dysgenesis for Treatment is by surgical excision and recurrence is rare. Correct the presence of carcinoma in situ in germ cells. Gonadal biopsies and gonadectomy specimens were analyzed by means of preoperative diagnosis is rare. J. H. N. conventional histology and densitometric deoxyribonucleic acid 2 figures, 8 references (DNA) measurements. Carcinoma in situ changes were detected in specimens from all 4 patients and aneuploid DNA distribuFemale Urethral Carcinoma: MRI Staging tions of the carcinoma in situ germ cells confirmed the malignant potential of these cells. These observations indicate that M. FISHER, H. HRICAK, C. REINHOLD, E. PROCTOR AND R. WILLIAMS, Departments of Radiology, Patlwlogy and gonadal biopsies should be considered in all patients with Urology, University of California, Sclwol of Medicine, San gonadal dysgenesis and a male phenotype as soon as this syndrome is diagnosed. Findings of carcinoma in situ in the Francisco, California specimens warrant gonadectomy. W. J.C. Amer. J. Roentgen., 144: 603-604 (Mar.) 1985 4 figures, 1 table, 25 references The potential value of magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis and preoperative staging of carcinoma of the urethra Radiation Therapy of Seminoma of the Testis is described. Pelvic computerized tomography (CT) showed a soft tissue mass contiguous with the uterus. No abnormalities B. JOSE, P. L. PERKINS, H. KAYS, A. M. CHU AND were noted in the urethra or bladder. Magnetic resonance S. C. SHARMA, Department of Radiation Oncology, James imaging in the coronal and transaxial planes showed a high Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisintensity mass inferior to the bladder base and vaginal fornices ville, Kentucky near the vagina and proximal urethra, which was deformed by J. Surg. Oncol., 28: 1-3 (Jan.) 1985 tumor. There was preservation of the contour and signal intensity of the retropubic fat, indicating absence of tumor invasion. From 1959 to 1978, 66 patients with seminoma of the testis A mass of low signal intensity was detected in the posterior left were treated (2 had spermatocytic-type tumors). Patient age lateral aspect of the myometrium compatible with leiomyoma. ranged from 16 to 75 years (median 39 years). Of the patients On the basis of magnetic resonance imaging and cystoscopic 39 (59 per cent) and 27 (41 per cent) had stages I and II disease, findings, the tumor was classified as Grabstald stage C and this respectively. Patients with stage I disease received 3,200 to was confirmed by anterior exenteration. The low intensity 3,600 rad in 3 to 4 weeks through an infradiaphragmatic, hockey uterine mass was an intramural leiomyoma. stick exposure. Patients with stage II disease received addiThe differentiation between normal and abnormal tissue by tional radiation to the mediastinum and neck. Survival rates CT often depends on contour alterations and, in this case, were 96 and 95 per cent, respectively. The authors do not altered the shape but not the density of the uterus. CT evalu- recommend elective radiation to the neck and mediastinum for ation at the bladder base is limited because of lack of a distinct patients with stage I tumors. J. H. N. fat plane between the bladder and vagina, making diagnosis of 2 tables, 14 references