Reference serials

Reference Serials Richard R. Centing Communications regarding this column and publications to be reviewed should be addressed to Richard R. Centing, Reference Librarian, The Ohio State University Libraries, Columbus, Ohio 43210. All reviews in this column are signed with the reviewer's name. Persons interested in reviewing should contact Mr. Centing. Copies of items to be reviewed can be obtained for reviewers if they are not held at his/her home base. Suggestions of titles to be reviewed can come from the reviewer as well as the editor. Please contact Mr. Centing at the above address or phone 614-422-6175 for guidelines and sample format of the ms. review. As always, an exchange of opinions is sought between the editor and his readers, and letters to the editor are welcome in Serials Review.

CONTRIBUTORS Bernard A. Block Ohio State University Libraries

Donna Longstreet California State Univ., Long Beach

Jennie B. Cross Oakland University Rochester, Michigan

Milo G. Nelson Univ. of Idaho Library

Jean Herold Univ. of Texas at Austin Sandra J. Lamprecht Geography & Map Librarian California State Univ., Long Beach

William G. Paul Univ. of Wisconsin-Stevens Point Margi Rogal Rutgers University Library

Benjamin Weintraub Graduate School of Library Science Rutgers University Prof. Marilyn Domas White College of Library & Infor. Sea, ices Univ. of Maryland, College Park Carol Ann Winchell Reference Librarian Ohio State University Libraries

Karen Schmidt Ohio State University Libraries

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July/September 1976

25

PERIODICALS -- INDEXES

BOOKS -- REVIEWS - LATIN AMERICA 1.

Guia a las resenas de libros de y sobre Hispanoarnerica/A Guide to Reviews o f Books from and about Latin America.

6. 7_ 8.

Access: The Supplementary Index to Periodicals. American Humanities Index. Index to L( S. Go vernment Periodicals.

BIOGRAPHY - 20TH CENTURY RELIGION 2.

Authors in the News. MAPS

3.

-

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Who's Who in Religion. Yearbook o f American and Canadian Churches, 1975. U.S. - HISTORY -- BIBLIOGRAPHY

Western Association o f Map Libraries. Occasional Papers. MENTAL DEFICIENCY RESEARCH - ABSTRACTS

4.

9_ 10.

11. 12.

America: History and Life. Writings on American History.

Developmental Disabilities Abstracts. VOCATIONAL GUIDANCE NEGROES

5.

BIOGRAPHY

Matney, William C., ed. Who "s Who among Black Americans.

BOOKS - REVIEWS - LATIN AMERICA 1.

26

Guia alas resenas de libros de y sobre Hispanoamerica/A Guide to Reviews o f Books f r o m and about Latin America. Blain Ethridge Books, 13977 Penrod Street, Detroit, Michigan, 48223. Antonio Matos, compiler and editor. Annual. $45.00/year. 1965--. ISBN 0-8917-046-8. Finding reviews of Latin American books has always been a chore for the bibliographer and researcher. Bibliographic coverage has in the past years been sporadic and the search for reviews often necessitated searching general rather than areal guides. Antonio Matos has addressed himself to this problem most effectively in his annual editaons of the Guia. Mr. Matos is a competent librarian who has shown his ability in the past through his activities as founder of the library association in Puerto Rico as well as in his editions of the Guia, which assuredly has been a gargantuan undertakmg. The Guia has had an unsteady and erratic publication history until the present, when continuance of the publication appears to be more secure. The original volume, covering 1960-1964, was an alphabetical listing by author of books reviewed in the serials of the University of Puerto Rico general library collection. The 1965 edition, published in 1973, saw a great deal of expansion with the inclusion of annotations and a title index. With the publication of this edition, a decision was made to concentrate on currency rather than retrospectively working on reviews for 1965-1972. Unfortu-nately, the 1972 edition was lost in the mail and its publication did not take place until 1976. The 1973 edition, however, has been successfully published and it is now the intention of Matos to prepare future editions for publication some twelve to eighteen months after the close of the year covered. The Guia functions as a directory of reviews published in a p proximately three hundred serials from North and South America and Europe; serials included for indexing must deal with social sciences, humanities and applied sciences and be of interest to the Latin Americanist The review annotations are in Spanish or English according to the language of the original review. The work is easy to use and currently incorporates a title index as well as the annotations listed by author. It is to the editor's credit that bibliographic citations have been fully checked in dependable bibliographies such as Libros en venta and LC Author Lists. The 1974 edition of the Guia lists some 3,000 summaries of approximately 2,200 books. The majority (72%) of book reviews included are published in Spanish, with 28% in English. The periodicals are generally wellknown and range from El Tiempo (a newspaper) to Library Journal. Bibliographers and researchers will recognize that the Guia can not be used as a tool for noting titles of very current interest. Its utility will be found more in retrospective decision making for purchasing a title, and as a reference aid for more quickly finding information about a book's content and/or author. North American librarians and students have long relied heavily upon the review indexes available for all types of media. In like manner, as publishing continues to grow in Latin America, the Guia may well become an important aid to the Latin Americanist_

SERIALS REVIEW

July/Septemher 1976

13. 14.

Occupational Outlook Handbook. Occupational Outlook Quarterly.

Academic libraries will find this a useful guide to the selection of literature and prominent works in the social sciences and humanities disciplines. Karen Schmidt BIOGRAPHY -- 20TH CENTURY Authors in the News. Gale Research Company, Book Tower, Detroit, Michigan 48226. Annual_ $24.00. The inaugural volume of Authors in the News, published by Gale Research Company as an extension of their bimonthly publication known as Biography News, was released in March 1976. While Biography News is a compendium of newspaper and magazine arti-cles yielding biographical information about contemporary individuals who are of general interest to the public, Authors in the News, with more specialized coverage, is concerned with providing biographical data on persons connected, in some capacity, with what is broadly construed as the field of communications. For the purpose of this publication "authors" are defined as novelists, playwrights, poets, essayists, journalists, editors, television commentators, reporters, columnists, cartoonists, social historians, mystery writers, and minor regional writers. A number of people are in-cluded, such as James McCord and Barbara Howar, who can't be easily categorized. This reference work contains 502 pages of material on 386 personalities gathered from more than fifty newspapers and maga-zincs. The entries, which begin with Ansel Adams and conclude with Hitgunt Zassenhaus embrace, to give some impression of the book's range, the following persons: Cleveland Amory, Carl Bernstein, Agatha Christie, James Dickey, Paul Erdman, Colin Fletcher, Euell Gibbons, Lillian Hellman, James Jones, Fletcher Knebel, Max Lerner, Bill Moyers, Edwin Newman, Vance Packard, James Reston, Benjamin Spock, Gay Talese, Peter Ustinov, Gore Vidal, and Tennessee Williams_ A number of the authors covered are recently deceased (Chet Huntley, Jacqueline Susann, and J.R.R. Tolkien) but one still thinks of such people as our contemporaries and we would not wish them excluded merely on this basis. But several others (Bet-nard DeVoto, Edna Ferber, and Jack Kerouac, for example) a r e long since departed and the fact that they are allowed to appear in this accumulation defaces the work by making it less easy for the reader to grasp the specific and unique purpose for consulting the title_ The book measures 8½ inches by 11 inches and the forward pages include a list of "Surveyed Newspapers and Magazines" .as well as an index of authors who are present in the text_ The rnaln body of the volume is arranged alphabetically, by author, and comprises photographic reproductions of clippings taken fr0rn newspapers and magazines bearing information on the author'S life. The outline of an index card is inserted at the beginning of each clipping and each contains the author's full name and date of birth. Finally, there are useful "see also" references to appropriate volumes of Contemporary Authors where further biographic~ information may be found_ The first volume of Authors in the News is, in a sense, being used

as a marketing device to discern if there is widespread library interest m acquiring this service. Projected as an o p e n - e n d e d continuation, customer reaction, particularly from large public and academic libraries, will be used as a basis for further develop-ment o f the project. A second volume is now being prepared for publication but there is no planned frequency for the appearance o f this series and Gale Research does not anticipate issuing volumes at closer intervals than one book per year. A n d even at that rate the series is n o t expected to extend to a length of more than h a l f - a - d o z e n volumes. The editor of the first volume, Barbar Nykoruk, has resigned her position with the firm and according to a representative o f the editorial staff, Barbara Korte, this was "very m u c h her (Nykoruk's) project." So the continuation of this endeavor will depend rather significantly on the ability o f N y k o r u k ' s replacement to choose entries as wisely as her predecessor so that the singularity o f this reference tool, as established in the original compdation, can be prolonged. A companion piece to this publication, entitled Business People in the News, has been recently released and, apparently, also awaits favorable library reaction to establish its future. Authors in the News is offered at $24.00 and, while it is a utilitarian device mostly devoid of bibliographic excitement, it has a real potential for salvaging the ravaged egos that occur w h e n librarians are confronted with commonplace inquiries and find themselves with no immediate resource to assist them in p r o p o u n d ing a possible answer. It ought also to be of value to those libr~ies that continue to invest staff effort in organizing "personality files" that are doubtless duplicated by countless other institutions and are, in any case, so tiresome to organize. Library budgets are not ascending, reference books are n o t di-minishing, and there are, I would imagine, more reasons than n o t to be wary o f purchasing this miscellany of biographical informa-tion. But the editor has selected her authors carefully, the m a g a zines and newspapers consulted were chosen judiciously, the articles characteristically include illustrations, and facts and quotations are present that will most certainly n o t be easily found anywhere else. It's for these reasons that the publication carries the promise o f success and for these reasons that it's possible to r e c o m m e n d the item for acquisition. Which I do_ Milo G. Nelson

t h r o u g h o u t the United States and Canada. The identification o f Sanborn map holdings for 162 U_S. and Canadian institutions is the raison d'etre for WAML Occasional Paper No. 2 and No. 3. As indicated by the title, Occasional Paper No. 2 is Volume 1 o f the Union List and includes Alabama to Missouri; the compiler, R. Philip I-Ioehn, is affiliated with the Bancroft Library at the University of Californaa, Berkeley. Volume 2, scheduled to appear in 1977 as Occasional Paper No. 3, will contain a listing o f maps for communities in the remainder o f the United States (Montana to Wyoming), Canada, and Mexico. Information for both volumes was gathered through the administration o f a questionnaire submitted in 1974 to libraries, m u s e u m s , historical societies and government agencies_ The m a p entries are arranged alphabetically by state, then c o m m u n i t y n a m e with "see also" references for communities which do n o t have separately issued Sanborn maps (i.e_, C A L I F O R N I A - Hollywood see Los Angeles, Los Angeles Co_). Also indicated for each e n t r y are the various editions of the maps, followed by the n u m b e r o f pages in each edition, and the institution locational symbols. Microfilm holdings are noted. The only two large collections o f Sanborn maps in North Ameri-ca n o t included in the Union List are those o f the Library o f Congress, Geography and Map Division and California State Univer-sity, Northridge. The latter institution's holdings have been omitted in that t h e y are the subject o f Occasional Paper No. 1, Catalogue o f Sanborn Atlases at California State University, Northridge by Gary W. Rees and Mary Hoeber. (A favorable review by Robert Karrow, Jr. appeared in the Special Libraries Association Geo-graphy and Map Division Bulletin 97 [September 1974]: 96--97.) The Library of Congress is currently compiling a checklist for their own collection o f 750,000 sheets -- the largest single collection extant -- and duplication o f effort was deemed unnecessary. The format o f Occasional Paper No 2 is pleasant and the entries are easy to understand and interpret once the "Guide to the Use o f the Union List" is perused. Not only is the Union List recom-mended for all m a p and geography libraries, libraries with active faculty/scholars and collection responsibilities for graduate p r o grams in geography, history, urban planning and associated fields but large public libraries as well should also seriously consider a c quiring t h e Occasional Paper series The prices are most reasonable. Sanborn maps also have a great research potential and are gradually becoming more well k n o w n to scholars and students in m a n y o f the social science fields. WAML Occasional Papers No. 1, 2, and 3 will greatly facilitate access to these important primary urban sources and can therefore be considered vital and unique locational reference tools to the Sanborn fire insurance maps. Sandra J. Lamprecht

MAPS - BIBLIOGRAPHY Western Association o f Map Libraries. Occasional Papers. Western Association o f Map Libraries, c/o Stanley D. Stevens, Map L i brarian, University o f California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064. Irregular, Price: $4.00 for Occasional Paper No. 1, $5.00 for Occasional Paper No. 2 and No_ 3. 1973-. Western Association of Map Libraries (WAML) is an organiza-tion that was founded primarily to provide information and a forum for discussion for map librarians, curators, and others i n terested in maps (especially in the Western U.S.): " . . . to encourage high standards in every phase o f organization and administration of map libraries . . ." is their adopted motto. Besides convening two conferences per year and issuing a tri-annual Information Bulletin. WAML has also launched two Occasional Papers and is currently at work on No. 3. This review will revolve around Occasional Paper No. 2, A Union List o f Sanborn Fire Insurance Maps Held by Institutions in the United States and Canada. Volume 1 (Alabama to Missouri), although the other two Occasional Papers will be mentioned as well in order to provide the reader with an overall picture o f the series. Glancing at the title, one n o t immersed in the world of maps and geography might logically ask what are Sanborn fire insurance maps and w h y would such a union list prove useful to a general or special library? Walter W. Ristow, currently Chief of the Geography and Map Division o f the Library of Congress gives an answer to the first question in his succinct Foreword (pages v-vii) stating that the Sanborn Insurance Company (established 1876) has published fire insurance maps and revisions for over 12,000 U.S. cities and towns during a 70 year time span. Their utility is reflected in the large map scale and the great a m o u n t o f detail present. (Location, height, size and materials of individual buildings are usually given.) This type of information can prove invaluable to geographers, urban planners, historians, and genealogists interested in particular urban locations including those scholars seeking to trace the urban growth and development o f an area. (Many of the maps have been updated as frequently as seven or eight times.) Due to a decline in their market, Sanborn maps were discontinued in 1950; fortunately many o f them have found their way into various library collections

MENTAL DEFICIENCY RESEARCH -- ABSTRACTS 4.

Developmental Disabilities Abstraets (formerly Mental Retardation Abstracts.) Edited by Ms_ Nancy Jarvis. Published by the U.S. Department o f Health, Education and Welfare, Office o f H u m a n Development, Developmental Disabilities Office. 330 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20201. (DHEW Publication (OHD) 76--21005). v_ 12, no. 1, 1976--. Quarterly. Currently a free service. Circulation: A b o u t 2700 copies. DDA, a continuation o f Mental Retardation Abstracts and Mental Retardation and Development Disabilities Abstracts, is a quarterly publication o f the Developmental Disabilities Office and, previously, the National Clearinghouse for Mental Health Information of the National Institute of Mental Health. The publi-cation existed as Mental Retardation Abstracts from v. 1(1), Janu-ary -- March, 1964, through v. 10(4), O c t o b e r - - December, 1973, and was then issued briefly as Mental Retardation and Develop-mental Disabilities Abstracts, v. 11 (I --4), 1975/76. It will be c o n tinued under the n a m e DDA with v. 12 (1), 1976-. It is prepared under a grant to the American Association on Mental Deficiency, with support services by Herner and C o m p a n y of Washington, D.C. During its years o f publication, DDA has grown vastly in size to keep up with an expanding body o f literature. The scope of the journal is more accurately reflected by its new name. Topics in-cluded are set forth in the "Table of Contents": "Broad Aspects o f Mental Retardation," "Medical Aspects," "Developmental Aspects," " T r e a t m e n t and Training Aspects," "Programmatic Aspects," " F a m i l y , " and "Personnel." Some of the topics are further divided for easy browsing. Numbering of the abstracts is consecutive t h r o u g h o u t the four issues, m o u n t i n g to about 3,000 abstracts per year. Primarily English language sources are covered. Most citations include: author, title, journal citation, volume nmnber, issue number,

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July/September 1976

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judges; states attorney's general; judges o f state, county and muni. cipal courts; U.S. ambassadors; heads o f major colleges; high rank. ing military personnel; heads o f philanthropic, educational and scientific societies, etc. The remainder were selected on the basis of careers that distinguished them from the vast majority of their contemporaries. As a result there are Blacks representing virtually all areas of the American mainstream -- business executives; govern. m e n t officials; religious leaders; educators; journalists; civic leaders; lawyers; doctors; scientists; sports figures; artists; figures fronl music, theater, television, m o t i o n pictures, etc. (For any white American who has heretofore believed that Black Americans are simply a "troublesome presence" in American society and are not contributing members of that society this work would shatter that stereotype.) It m u s t be noted that final selection was not simply an arbitrary decision by the editor. A n u m b e r of prominent Afro-Americans from a variety o f fields served as contributing editors and helped make selection decisions_ Contributing editors included: Arthur Ashe (Tennis); Edward Brooke (Senator from Mass.); Richard Hatcher (Mayor o f Gary, Indiana); Rev. Jesse Jackson; Herbert Wright (Phillip Morris Co. executive). Such names lend more authority to the selections. The citations themselves follow the basic format used by most recent Who's Who publications. The print is small but very legible with the name o f the subject in bold type for quick identification. The specific information provided includes: occupation; place and date of birth; education; marital status including name of spouse, name and n u m b e r of children; previous e m p l o y m e n t ; memberships, awards, special achievements; military service; and current address. Unfortunately, parentage is omitted. This is strange since parentage is often useful information (and normally looked for in this type o f work) and is usually cited in other Who's Who publications. (In comparing names cited in Who's Who among Black Americans with the same names as scattered in other Who's Who works, parentage was usually noted in the other works.) The citations are arranged alphabetically by surname with additional access provided through a geographic and an occupational in-dex in the back of the volume. The geographic index is broken down by state and by cities within the state. The occupational index lists subject names alphabetically within each of several broad occupational categories. These categories range from Athletics Behavioral and Medical Sciences - Business - Education; to Law - the Media - Organizations - Religion. One final consideration. In comparing Who's Who among Black Americans with other Who's Who works that contained the names o f Black Americans (though obviously n o t as inclusively as Who's Who among Black Americans) I found that m a n y of the names listed in Who's Who among Black Americans were not included in other works; and that when there was duplication the citation in Who's Who among Black Americans was (with the exception of parentage noted above) nearly identical with the other work. For example: there were twelve Black Americans listed in Who's Who among Black Americans from Madison, Wisconsin. Of these twelve, only two were listed in Who's Who in the Midwest_ Similarly, Reverend Jesse Jackson was listed in Who's Who among Black Americans but n o t cited in Who's Who in the World. In comparing the citation for Ralph Abernathy in Who's Who among Black Americans with Who's Who in the World I found virtually the same biographical data. From this one might conclude that where there is duplication the researcher can rely on Who's Who among Black Americans to provide reliable, and comprehensive (within the limits of the capsule Who's Who format) information and need not "double check" elsewhere; and where there is no duplication Who'S Who among Black Americans makes a n o t e w o r t h y , unique contribution. It is an auspicious beginning for an inaugural volume and it is hoped subsequent annual or quinquennial editions will folloWWilliam G. paul

inclusive pages, and date. Abstracts are lengthy, non-evaluative, and are either reprinted from the journal article or prepared by Herner and Company_ Abstractor's names or initials have, for some reason, been dropped in later volumes. At the end o f the abstract the n u m b e r o f references is included as well as the author's address. Some books and dissertations are also abstracted. The " A u t h o r I n d e x " alphabetically lists all persons cited as author or joint author in the text. Abstract n u m b e r s follow the name. The "Subject Index" alphabetically lists topics in boldface type with identifying phrases and abstract n u m b e r s following. The publishers are encouraged to continue to provide these com-prehensive cumulative author and title indexes. It would be difficult to improve upon the quality, contents, and organization of this very excellent abstract journal. One might possibly wish for a list of the journals abstracted to be included in each issue, so that the reader could readily tell what journals are being covered and how, whether selectively or cover-to-cover. The usefulness o f abstracting letters to editors, materials in the Governmerit Reports Announcements. unpublished papers, and further summarizing the abstracts in Dissertation Abstracts International is questioned. Some statement to the reader on the availability and price of back issues (hard cover and/or microform) would be appreciated. This reviewer found it necessary to call the Project Director, Mr_ Richard Walker, in Washington, D.C_, in order to obtain information for this analysis. Mr. Walker stated that there is no subscription price for the journal at present, but there will probably be a charge for the service in the future_ He also advised that some back issues are available in hard copy. Unfortunately, there are no plans to microfihn or reprint back volumes. Reprints of current articles m a y be obtained by writing directly to the author. A citation to the m o n t h o f publication should be given in all journal references. An effort is being made to fill the unfortunate two-year gap (1974 and 1975) in publication. Almost all entries in v_ 11 (1976) cover 1973/74 materials. Unless funding fails again and causes further delays, DDA should be current (up to about six m o n t h s ) in the next few issues. It will likely remain a quarterly publication. Although title changes now require recataloguing (thereby adding costs to library budgets), this title change seems justified. It reflects the development of new terminology and encompasses a broader range of physical and mental disabilities. DDA is an indispensible research tool for teachers, counselors, physicians, therapists, psychologists, and others doing research on or working with developmentally disabled children and adults_ Because there is little overlapping with other bibliographic tools (with the possible exception of Psychological Abstracts), this is a necessary holding for college, university, hospital, and public libraries with sufficient patron demand for these materials. Carol A n n Winchell NEGROES - BIOGRAPHY 5.

28

Matney, William C., ed. Who's Who among Black Americans. 1st ed., Northbrook, Illinois, Who's Who A m o n g Black Americans Inc. Publishing Co., 1975-1976, 772pp. $45.00. Despite the general proliferation o f Who's Who reference works this latest effort should prove a welcome and widely used addxtion. Librarians, teachers, students, politicians, civic leaders - just about anyone dealing with or interested in contemporary Black America will find this a handy and m u c h needed compendium. Some of the names listed in Who's Who among Black Americans will be found scattered throughout general reference works on Afro-Americans and also scattered about in other Who's Who works_ But in terms of a single volume of capsule biographies about living Afro-Americans this publication is unique. There are over 10,000 entries in Who's Who among Black A m e r i cans. Individual Black Americans became eligible for inclusion by virtue of their c o m m u n i t y position or through distinguished achaevement. In most instances the biographical data was submitted to the editor by the nominees themselves. In a small n u m b e r of cases the data was compiled by the research staff of the editor. (In this instance the editor has noted the difficulty o f obtaining infor-mation from government sources which sometimes considered solicitation for information about employees a violation o f that individual's privacy; and the difficulty of securing information a bout employees from institutions and corporate sources that have made it "policy" not to make public information about the racial background of their personnel.) Black Americans who have held or currently hold distinguished appointive or elective offices were included in the Who's Who automatically. This field included federal

SERIALS REVIEW

July/September 1976

PERIODICALS -- INDEXES 6.

Access: The Supplementary Index to Periodicals. Ed. by John Gordon Burke, Kathy Hill and Ned Kehde. Gaylord Professional Publications, Syracuse, New York. Three times yearly: May, September, and annual cumulation in March_ (1975--). $75.00. per year. Access: The Supplementary Index to Periodicals retrieves material n o t covered by other indexes and thus makes accessible a whole new realm of untapped information. The 1975 volume (on which this review is based) indexed 135 periodicals and according to the introduction will add 30 more in 1976. The range of material

included is wide: m a n y regional and city magazines, about a third of the total, such as Philadelphia Magazine, Los Angeles, Vermont Life', and Nevada Highways; the "controversial" magazine, such as Penthouse, VIVA, Oui, and After Dark; the " w o m a n ' s " magazine, such as Woman's Day, Cosmopolitan, and Modern Bride; and m a g a zines o f special interest, such as Creem, Gourmet, Backpacker, Travel & Leisure, and WomenSports. The scope is unique. We know of no single index that includes Boys' Life and After Dark, Ameri-can Girl and VIVA, American Legion Magazine and Andy Warhol's Interview. Otherwise difficult to find works o f well k n o w n authors are now accessible: Saul Bellow in Chicago Journalism Review," Shirley Chisholm in Encore American and Worldwide News; Anais Nin in VIVA, Westways, Travel & Leisure, and Village Voice, and John Ashbery in American Review. One can also find the comments and reviews o f established columnists: Nat H e n t o f f in Cosmopolitan and Village Voice, Vernon Gibbs in Essence, Robert Chartham in Penthouse and VIVA, and Lawrence Clark Powell in Westways. The need for Access is enhanced by its lack of duplication with Wilson indexes. The editors o f Access state that they will drop titles voted for inclusion in Readers" Guide. Of the periodicals i n dexed in six other Wilson indexes (Art Index, Education Index, Agricultural and Biological Index, Business Periodicals Index, Social Sciences Index, and Humanities Index) Access duplicates only four. The magazine Film Comment is indexed in Humanities Index; Center Magazine, Foreign Policy and Washington Monthly in Social Sciences Index. The editors of Access chose to ignore the existence of the three year old Popular Periodical Index. Of the 23 periodicals indexed in the July-December, 1975, Popular Periodical Index, Access duplicates 18. Some of the other maga-zincs m Access maght be indexed in other special indexes as American Girl, Arizona Highways, and Boys" Life in Subject hzdex to Children "sMagazines and Maclean "s in Canadian Periodical Index. Access declares that its 135 periodicals are widely held in library collections. Eighty--four titles (62%) mdexed in Access are n o t held by any o f the 20 public libraries in Middlesex County, New Jersey. The public library with the largest share of titles owns only 33 or 24%. University libraries may n o t be doing m u c h better Rutgers University holds only 30 or 22%. The editors of Access should not be surprised or discouraged at these figures. Libraries have traditionally n o t acquired periodicals unless t h e y were i n dexed, particularly if they might provoke "criticism" or fail to meet "standards" o f selection.

A uthor-Subject Division One o f the major problems with Access is the decision to d i vide the index into two separate parts, author and subject. The subject citation includes author,' title of journal, date, pagination, n u m b e r o f pages needed to photocopy, but not the title o f the article itself, for example: "McPhee, John_ TV Guide 2 3 : 1 0 - 1 1 Mar 8, 75 (1)." Since the subject headings lack specificity a user is forced to turn to the author entries where the titles of articles are included. For example, if one is looking for information on Toby jugs in the subject section one will find the heading ' ~ O B Y JUGS see DRINKING VESSELS." (The see reference is not a c c u rate; the exact heading is DRINKING VESSELS - COLLECTORS AND COLLECTING) : DRINKING VESSELS--COLLECTORS AND COLLECTING EiIzpalnck Paul J An[iques J 30 22 ' April 75 ilJus (6) Hersh, J Joseph Antiques J 3036 ' Aug 75 illus 13) Mebane, John Antiques J 30 53 ' April 75 illus (2) Poese. Bill Anbques J 30:5, Feb 75 fflus (2) Poese B~II Anllques J 3031 33 Sept 75 illus (3)

In order to know which citation refers to Toby jugs, one must turn back and forth between subject and author sections, looking u n d e r each author's name. Only the fifth and last entry by Poese deals with T o b y jugs. The titles of the others clearly indicate that they do not, for example, "White House Drinking Glasses" by Fitzpatrick. There are nine citations under Poese and, fortunately, the words Toby jugs appear in one: POESE, gill Bah cups as valengnes An[iques 3 30:5, Feb 75 illu£ (21 POETE, Bill Coal miners" lamps An[iques J 30 13 15 Aug 75 IIIUS f3) POESE, Bill Collecllng comic s~rlp characlers An[,ques J 3014 17 July 75 illus (4) POESE, grlJ Llghbng accessories Io ferret ou[ Anbques J 3016, gel 75 illus (4) POESE, Bill Mlleslone palenls in lighting An[iques J 3036, Nov 75 illus (4] POESE, Bill NatlVlly scenes for Chrls[mas Antiques J 2012, Dec 75 il[us (3) POESE, Bdr Sloneware Anllques J 30:24, June 75 IIIuS 13) POESE, gill Toby lugs An[iques J 30 31-33 Sepl 75 iPlus (3) POESE, g01 A touch of elegance Creatwe Craf[s 4 36-39 Ocl 75 iltus [4)

For not only does Access make the user look in another section for titles, but it arranges entries by the same author alphabetically by title of article. Two problems arise. In trying to identify the subject entry " P A R E N T AND CHILD (LAW): ttentoff, Nat. Vill Voice 20:43+Nov 17, 75 (4)," one must read every one of 38 title entries (it is the 3 7 t h entry) under Nat Hentoff: HENTOFF, Nal An inadverien[ disgrace ,n Ibe D A s office WH Voice 2028-28 June 16. 75 (4) HENTOFF, Nat Are psychiatrisls fl[ tot schools~ Viii Voice 20"51 i Nov 10.75 (3) HENTOFF, N a l The baddesl [elon of all VIII Voice 2020-21 Sepl 8 75 (2) HENTOFF, N a l The bealificallon of LI Dawd Du~k Mill Vorce 20:32 I gep[ 15. 75 (5) HENTOFF, Nat gig brother professor Mill Vome 20 26 27 Mar 3 75 (2) HEN,rUFF. N a [ Bill Buckley tlghls dirty Viii Voice 2O 26 27 No~' 24, 75 (4) HENTOFF, Nal The CIA'S Boyle[ s#b caper everybody knew excep[ Ihe public Tme 57:76-77 July 75 (2J HENTOFF, Nat The city and Ihe press tall. ClhZen Shanker slands ViII Voice 20:30-31 Aug 18. 75 (2) HENTOFF, Nal City college tire: the obno×rous speech case VIII Voice 20:24-25 Jan 13 75 (2) HENTOFF, Nat Does Eric Sevareid's kid gel spanked in school') Viii Voice 20:39 Nov 3, 75 12) HENTOFF, Nal. The George OrweH brigade VIII Voice 20:22 23 Feb 17, 75 (2) HENTOFF, Nal God--and Sid Zion save Ihe republic Viii Voice 20"28 29 May 26, 25 (2) HENTOFF, Na[ Have you read [hose s[ories Viii Voice 2O:32 Mar 24, 75 (2) HENTOFF, N a l It you think eleclion reform is good for [he people, [hrnk again Vffl Voice 2030 i Oc[ 13. 75 (5J HENTOFF, N a t The ~nternal seeurily cornmidee and my secret life in Bra[islava Viii Voice 20:21 Mar 17. 75 (2)

HEN'FOFF, Nal The IRS enemies list viii voice 2O 32 Mar 31.75 [2) HENTOFF. Na[ Irwng Kautman hePIbounds on his [ran Viii Voice 2O 20 22 July 7 75 (4) HENTOFF, Nal Jazz & pop Playboy 22 139 ~ob 75 JJlu£ (lO) HENTOFF, Na[ Jolnmg [he posse Wll voice 20 35 Feb 3 75 (21 HENTOFF Hal The Pan uage el Vlchy New Yor~ V,h VOICe 20 23 Aug 25 7~ I2) HENTOFF, Nat A mlgh[ly blare ot rams hems V,pl Vc,.:e 2028' Bepl 1 75 (4) HEN,rUFF, NaL OI gella spies arid [he phone corrpar y VIII Vo,ce 20 28 29 Jan 20 75 (2) HENTOFF, Nat Oh d,dn[ he ramble Ralph Gleasof [obl[Uary] Vrll Voice 202B June 23 75 (2) HENTOFF, Nat Open Ihe hospHar windows Viii Vu,ce 2038 ' Oeq e 75 (3) HENTOFF. Nal The real new fournahsm VIII rome 2030-31 Jan 27 75 (2) HENTOFF, Nab regular column see ,ssues ol Cusr,,uguh[a', HENTOFF. Na~ See Sbankee set2e Ihe kids hash VIII VoiCe 2040 Sep129 75 (1) HENTOFF, Nat Senator Bella Wll Vome 20 30-31 Ma~ 19 75 (2) HENTOFF, Nal Shu~ up and ~eacn WI Voice 20 36 Jar, 5 75 (2) HENTOFF, Na[ These schools are drug pushers VIII v'ulce 2041-43 Oc[ 27 75 (4) HENTOFF, Nal US wrl[efs dfal[ enemies hsl VIii voice 20 4O 41 Sepl 22 25 (2) HENTOFF, Nat Unmasking J Edgar Roc~eFeher V01 vome 20 38-40 Dec 1. 75 (4) HEN,rUFF, Nat Welcome back Jusbce Douglas VHI voice 20;47-46 April 14 75 (3) HENTOFF, Nat Were [he liberals drugged by Ccn,n,ol, Cause ViIIVome203941 Oc[2O 75 (4) HENTOFF, Na[ What did God say to Judge Irv,n,# Kaufman? Vdl Voice 2025 ' July 21 75 (41 HENTOEF, Nal Whal do reporlers ea[~ WIt VOlCC' 20 14 Apnl 21 75 (2) HENTOFF Na[ Whats Io be done abouE roller, palerllS> Viii Voice 2043 ' Nov 17 75 (4 I HENTOFF, Nal Wllham Colby edl[Or Viii Voice 20 22 April 7. 75 (2)

(pp. 63--64l If the title is n o t self--explantory, as "Toby Jugs" above, then the only clue is the journal and date. If Access will not include titles in the subject section, t h e n it should at least arrange author entries alphabetically by title o f journal to be followed by journal issue date. The suggested rearrangement - "HENTOFF, Nat. Vill Voice, 20:43+ Nov 17 75 What's to be done about rotten parents? (4)" results in easier access. (And why repeat the author's name in bold-face when a single entry followed by an indented title list would do?)

Subject Headings We found more often than we liked inappropriate subject headings because the indexers probably read no more than titles and subtitles. An article in the December Playboy, "Dueling Jocks" (pp. 154+), quoted pairs o f athletes, such as Fred Dryer and Ralph Neely, discussing their perceptions of competing against each other. The sole entry we could locate for this article was SPORTS-VIOLENCE, a heading inspired by the title and not content. We cannot think of a reason why an article on Nancy Hatch Wittig in May's VIVA (pp. 2 4 - 2 8 ) was entered only under her name. The focus o f the article was on Wittig's experiences as an Episcopalian priest. Yet the article was not entered under headmgs used in Access, WOMEN AS PRIESTS or WOMEN AND R E L I GION.

Photographic l~5"says Access' practice of indexing photographic essays could be more imaginative and helpful. Usually, the photographer's name is entered in the author section: the photographer of Playboy's Miss December, Richard Fegley, is listed. Miss December, Nancie Li Brandi, is entered as a subject under her last name. Access does n o t seem to make any provision for users who don't know Miss December's name, who might remember her first name, or who are just looking for the "playmate of the m o n t h . " (Index to Playboy." Belles-Lettres, Articles & Humor, December 1953-December 1969 by Mildred L y n n Miles, Scarecrow Press, 1970, omits playmates and simdar pictorials.) Photographic essays o f m e n are treated similarly Rick Cassidy, VIVA's " m a n of the m o n t h , " is entered as subject and Yoram Kohana, the photographer, as author. Cassidy, who was Mr. N u d e America in 1972, is n o t entered under that heading, although we found Mr. Nude Toronto as a subject heading. Access is n o t always consistent. Although the name

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of VIVA "s June nude is cited, the photographer's name is not_

Reviews Access states its policy o f coverage for reviews in the i n t r o duction: "Reviews of books, records, concerts, dance performances, etc. -- consult subject index under the name of authors, musicians, composers, orchestras, conductors, dance companies or p e r f o r mers." We found too many exceptions to this rule. Access enters a Village Voice review (April 7, p 100) of a concert of contemporary Japanese music under COMPOSERS, JAPANESE_ Thus, Access violates its own policy by not citing the orchestra or any of the four composers, all mentioned prominently in the review. More-over, when Access uses COMPOSERS as a subject heading (COM-POSERS is always used with some nationality), in all cases but COMPOSERS, JAPANESE it is a see reference to individual c o m posers. The policy of entering art exhibits is not discussed in the introduction. Exhibits of artists are indexed under names of the individuals, but exhibits organized around themes are difficult to find. Village Voice reviewed (April 14, pp. 98+) an exhibit at the Cloisters in New York City entitled "The Secular Spirit: Life and Art at the End of the Middle Ages." The heading is METROPOLITAN MUSEUM OF ART NEW YORK_ THE SECULAR SPIRIT... Access assumes that the user knows where the exhibit was held and that the Cloisters is part of the Metropolian Museum of Art. The indexers provide no cross reference from the Cloisters to the Metropolitan and we could find no subject approach. Access tells us in the introduction to look under dance com-pames or performers for reviews of dance performances. The i n dexing again is not consistent. The review of "Deuce Coup II" in the Village Voice (March 10, pp. 96-97) choreographed by Twyla Tharp and performed by the City Center Joffrey Ballet is entered under the name of the choreographer. However, the review of Kurt Jooss's "The Big City" in the Village Voice (March 24, pp. 103104) "also performed by the Joffrey is indexed under the name of the company and not choreographer. It seems that Access enters the names highlighted in the box under the title. In the first review Tharp's name was highlighted and in the second the Joffrey's. But one can't be certain. The Village Voice dance review (April 7, pp_ 95-98) highlights in the box four choreographers who head their own companies, but in the index only three were entered. A brief review of Puccini's Tosea by the drama critic in the Village Voice (April 7, pp. 81-82) is listed, but a longer review of the same opera in the same issue (pp. 98-99) by the music critic is omitted. According to Access" policy, reviews of plays are entered under the title. But the indexers fail to distinguish the subject "ghosts" from the same title of Ibsen's play: GHOSTS Brlscoe Joan Fale 28 65-68 Feb 75 (3) Denham Charles Fale 2862 66 June 75 illus (4) Harding Walter Yankee 39:110, Oct 78 (6) Nevlck, Julius. [review] Viii Voice 20:86 ApriJ 14, 75 (2] Owen Iris Fate 28:62-71 Nov 75 illus (61

We checked the Yankee article entitled "Thoreau Ghosts" and it has nothing to do with Ibsen Judging by the titles of the other three articles in Fate, they, too, concern ghosts other than Ibsen's. We could find no consistent pattern of cross references from authors to their plays. Under Ibsen there is a cross reference to Hedda Gabler, but not to Ghosts_ "IBSEN, HENRIK see also HEDDA GABLER." Because the cross reference to HEDDA GAB-LER is not a review, we assumed that cross references are provided for essays and not reviews_ We were wrong; all cross references under Chekhov to plays led to reviews. We also found a review of Uncle Vanya entered only under title_

Regular Features and Columns Although Access has not stated policy of coverage of regular features and columns in periodicals, it seems to provide access in most cases under specific subject headings, for example, " S E X UAL BEHAVIOR: Hollander, Xaviera, regular column, see issues of Penthouse; . . . . MOVING PICTURES: Barbour, John, regular column, see issues o f San Diego Magazine; . . . . ASTROLOGY: Martine, regular column, see issues of VIVA.'" Here again the i n dexing is arbitrary and inconsistent. The only access in the subject section to some of Playboy's regular features is through tile heading PLAYBOY (PERIODICAL) without indication of content_ But under the heading THE VILLAGE VOICE (no PERIODICAL in parentheses) there are no references to columns and features.

30

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Under the subject heading PHONOGRAPH RECORDS we find: "Von Buchau, Stephanie. San Fran 17:32-34 July 75 illus (3)." In the author section the only citation for VON BUCHAU is "regular column, see issues of San Francisco." The column "Cosmo Listens to Records" is indexed only in the author section under "HENT. OFF, Nat, regular column, see issues of Cosmopolitan." Thus, in the case of Von Buchau the best we can do is to assume that the entry refers to her column (we don't have a copy of San Francisco) and in the case of Hentoff there is no way of telling what his column is all about unless we have copies of Cosmopolitan in front of us. When Access chooses to analyze the contents of a column one can't be certain the indexing is complete. The November--Decem.. ber Film Comment column "Bookmarks" (p. 60) reviews three books. Two of them are not indexed and the third has the author of one of the reviewed books entered as if he were the subject of the article. In the same issue the column "Books" (pp. 58--59)reviews seven books and each has a separate entry in the subject index. Strange as it may seem, the reviews in "Books" are shorter than in "Bookmarks." The same is true of September Penthouse where the column "Films" is indexed well and the column "Words" (book reviews) not at all. The feature "Last Word" in VIVA (May, p. 112) is "Notes on Diary Writing" by Anais Nin. This article is entered under author as well as the subject heading DIARIES. Nicholas yon Hoffman does not fair as well. His "Last Word" (June, p. 112), "Liberation in a Slave World." is entered under WOMEN'S LIBERATION MOVEMENT, but not under his name.

Conclusions Searching for a specific subject in Access is cumbersome. The index is divided into two sections, one by author and one by subject, and in the latter no titles are given. Because the subject headings lack specificity, are inconsistent, and on occasions outright wrong, one must more often than not check the author section for the content of the article. In spite of our stated reservations we recommend Access because it indexes the hitherto unindexed and makes it possible for libraries to reconsider their selection policies and to choose from a wider spectrum of periodicals. Do Oui have Access? Oui! To the "Playmate of the Month," After Dark, and American Girl. VivM Benjamin Weintraub and Margi Rogal

American Humanities Index. The Whitston Publishing Company, Troy, New York, 1975 --. ISSN 0361--0144. The first annual cumulation of The American Humanities Index (AHI), issued by the Whitston Publishing Company of Troy, New York, covers the year 1975, is presented in two volumes, contains, we are told, about 20,000 entries, and is offered at $89.50. Be-tween annual cumulations the index will appear, in paperback for-mat, on a quarterly basis and, if one elects to receive the complete service of supplements and cumulations, the commitment comes to $125 00 per annum. The motive behind the release of The American Humanities Index is the traditional and respected one: to undertake the in-dexing of worthy periodicals not now receiving this attention, to do this with as little loss of time as possible, and to, as a conse-quence, allow scholars to take greater immediate advantage of the research capabilities of these serials. AHI is concerned with a few general magazines and with some journals devoted to the performing arts but the preponderance of serials indexed are concerned with literary studies. Selecting titles, with some exceptions, to correspond with the several letters of the alphabet will, perhaps, be sufficient to establish some notion of the kinds of periodicals that are included in this work. As f01-lows: American Notes & Queries,- Blake Newsletter," Carleton Mis-

cellany; D.H. Lawrence Review," Enlightenment Essays, Flannery O'Connor Bulletin; Great Lakes Review," Hemingway Notes," Iowa Review; James Joyce Quarterly; Kayak," Lost Generation Journal (an efficacious choice); Milton Studies," New Orleans Review; Ohio Review," Performing Arts Review; Renaissance Papers," Scriblerian; Tennessee Studies in Literature," Under the Sign of Pisces, Virginia Woolf Quarterly," Wallace Stevens Newsletter, and The Yearbook o f Comparative & General Literature. The editor of The American Humanities Index is Stephen Goode and in his Preface (a graceless and grammatically awkward statement) to the cumulated edition he observes, speaking of the comprehensiveness of AHI, thht "Most of those serials are not indexed elsewhere; and if they are they are found generally in indexing

services that are not readily or easily available." This assertion, as the following paragraphs will demonstrate, deserves greater qualification. Volume I, Numbers 1 and 2 (Spring--Summer) was issued in 1975 and, according to the foreword matter, was interested in n i n e t y six serials and was actually accountable for, in that issue, sixty-four titles. Volume If, Number 1, distributed in the Spring of 1976, states that coverage has extended to 204 periodicals_ And finally, in separately issued advertisements distributed by Whitson, the number of periodicals now indexed is set at 231. The division of the Social Sciences & Humanities Index in 1974, with the two newly created sections committed to expanded coverage, influenced the development of the All[, and twenty--six periodicals embraced by the H.W. Wilson pubhcations were deleted from the American Humanities Index. As a result, the A H I and the Humanities Index overlap in treatment of only two serials, the Education Theatre Journal and Renaissance Quarterly. More per-plexing is the fact that, of the 231 serials claimed for indexing, 117 are presently being accounted for in the MLA Bibliography. The difficulty one is confronted with by the AHI and, distressingly, by an increasing number of contemporary reference titles has to do with the fact that they are sent into the world wath so little explanation as to their utility. Reference works, if they are happily conceived, will come to stand on their own but even so they deserve editorial justification at the time of their release. Creators of a reference serial too often assume that librarians will, without assistance, understand its usefulness, realize in what m a n ner it is unique, discern and tolerate its silences and omissions, and not only talk themselves into acquiring a copy but every thereafter make themselves responsible for interpreting its uses to an enquiring public. So there is a problem here in that The American Humanities index appears to share interest with a great number of publications indexed in the MLA Bibliography and the gentle user is not pro-vided with an explanation of precisely where the A H I diverges in coverage. And editorial guidance, as provided by Mr. Goode, is not terribly elaborate. One need not tiresomely explore for smaller, more technical shortcomings as they are, in the Preface, in a somewhat singular act of bibliographic flagellation, pointed out to us. Apologies are made for what the editor considers deplorable failtures: the absence of running heads (not all that desirable) and the scarcity of "see" and "see--also" references (more desirable). Some technical matters. If a subject is significantly established in an article a subject heading is provided. Photographs and graphic works are entered by name of artist and do not have separate sub-ject entries. Reviews and abstracts of under fifty words are not regarded. Subject entries are given in upper-case; the author as s u b ject is entered after the author as such; and wherever the title does not fully indicate the substance of a piece the content of the article is indicated between parentheses. A typical entry: Brann, Kathy - L e t it Rain Blue Rain (poem), CALIFORNIA QUARTERLY, 10:31,Autumn, 1975 The cumulated index measures 6 ¼ inches x 9¼ inches and runs to 1021 pages. The individual citations are clear and uncrowded, binding is sturdy, and the cover boards are a cheerful bright yellow. Some new things that occur never, because of the way in which they originate, leave us in much apprehension as to whether or not they will succeed. And some things, probably most of them, begin with little observable promise of a happy conclusion. This effort clearly falls into the latter category. It seems verifiable that The American Humanities Index was forced into existence before its fabricators were fully capable o f articulating its intended purpose, and it seems likely that its appeal will reside in its willingness to show concern with indexing creative publications enjoying small circulations. It would be characteristic of any scholar--librarian working in the humanities to, without fully understanding the dimensions of this bibliographic venture, wish it success. Which, because it seems likely to broach some modest impediments to humanistic scholar-ship, we do. Milo G. Nelson

Index to fZS. Government Periodicals. 1972--. Editor: Allan Carpenter. Published quarterly in May, August, November and March_ Indexing for the fourth quarter is included in the annual cumulative issue published in March. Publisher: Ivan A. Watters, Jr. Infordata International Incorporated, Suite 4602, 175 East Delaware Place,

Chicago, Illinois 60611

$175.00 per year.

The hzdex to U.S. Government Periodical provides access to a large body of information that was virtually inacessible in the past because other periodical indexes somewhat ignored indexing government periodicals -- at least in sizeable numbers. Recognizing this invaluable service, this review is a second look at an index that has come a long way in a fairly short period of time. [nfordata International Incorporated began their energetic publishing endeavor in 1974. Since that time, cm-rent indexing has been maintained along with a retrospective publishing schedule. Of the proposed annual back issues, only 1970 and 1971 remain to be published. A criticism of the hzdex in an earlier review (Serials Review, July/Septemb er 1975) was "the justification for the journals chosen for indexing." The "Note to Users" in the front of the Index states, "The intent o f the publishers is to provide access to every one of the U.S. government periodicals which offers substantive articles of lasting research and reference value. The process of selec-ring titles to be indexed is a continuing one ...." The foregoing may be considered too general, but the key to the decision of indexing one title instead of another is content. Any potential periodical titles are examined for articles of substance that appear on a regular basis, and journals that originate articles by qualified authors are primarily the ones chosen for indexing. House organs, newsletters and abstract type publications do not usually meet this criteria Infordata indexes at present 151 titles. There are 1,356 periodi-cals and subscription publications listed in the Appendix of the February 1976 Monthly Catalog of which ]nfordata provides an 11% representation. Many of the titles listed in the Appendix are strictly statistical in nature or do not lend themselves to the in-dexing of articles that one expects from a periodical index. There is some duplication of indexing by other periodical in-dexes, but it has been found in using P.A.fS., for example, that the coverage is so highly selective that duplication there is essen-tially discounted. The fact that many o f the titles indexed are issued by the mili-tary should not be cause for concern. Military agencies comprise a large percentage of the U.S. bureaucracy, and their budgets seem to remain intact longer than do those in HEW. The percentage of military related perioeicals in the Monthly Catalog Appendix is around 10% of the total. The publications issued by these agencies do not always indicate on the surface what one will find inside. Allan Carpenter, Editor of the Index, is presently working on his 145th book. For the purposes of his writing, he has found it ira-possible to keep up with current trends other than searching the periodical literature. He is well aware of the value of information contained in many of the military titles, and this to some extent has influenced many o f them being included; but they are not included arbitrarily. Even though military journals may appear narrow in their scope, one never knows when some bit of elusive information will surface there. A librarian in Chicago, when researching some aspect of aerosol pollution, found that the only place where information on that topic could be located was in a military journal. Often their coverage of non--related subjects is so good that one's options are broadened by having this access to them provided. Another criticism of the Index in the earlier review was "prob-lems with the lndex's organization and choice of subject headings." Since that review, which focused on the 1974 cumulative volmne, three annual volumes have been published (I 972, 1973, and 1975). With any new product, there can always be unanticipated problems. As more issues of the bMex come out, the program will be further refined. Not only have some problems apparent in the 1974 volume been eliminated, but the size of the index has been increased making it more useful by covering many more periodicals. Creating a thesaurus for indexing as broad as Infordata's has been an in-credible task. There are standards every indexer follows, and no indexer at Infordata makes independent decisions regarding new subject headings. Suggestions are constantly being made for additions and deletions to the headings which are determined on a consultative basis. The computer program has the facility for extracting the counts of subject listings. With this mformaton, a particular subject receiving a high count of listings will be examined to determine the need for sub-headings. There are those titles which receive only standing headings, and these titles are noted in a separate listing below the list of the periodicals indexed. When looking under a subject such as "un-employment - area classification," one will find the statement

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colleges and universities in the U.S. and social, civic and religious service agencies in both countries. Statistical information is provided for current and historical general data about 221 religious bodies, financial reformation, trends in religion in Canada, 1974 Roman Catholic data, trends in seminary development and results of surveys of religion in the U.S. The quality and reliability of some of the statistics vary, so before using them one should read the "Guide to the User of Church Statistics" preceding the section on statistics. This explain general observations and the qualifications that should be applied to the statistics. Lists of dates of religious observances of various denominations, important religious periodicals in the U.S. and Canada and the names of the main depositories of church history material and sources for both countries are also included. An index is provided which has a few subject entries but is primarily a religious organi-zation index. Personal names are not included. This handbook compiled under the direction of the National Council of the Churches of Christ in the U.S.A. provides in one source a wealth of information for someone interested in religion. For the historian, the long run of volumes is particularly useful for tracing trends and developments. J.Herold

"see issues of Area Trends in Employment and Unemployment." Periodicals in this category are examined regularly to determine if the headings are appropriate, or if new information has been added that needs indexing. Computers have been both a blessing and a curse. There is more information faster (sometimes) as a result, but the quality of the printed word has often suffered. All editors cringe upon finding mistakes in their creations, and Infordata is making a great deal of effort to insure accuracy in their publication. In looking over the latest indexes, this problem seems to have been licked. Ac-curacy as well as consistency and logical representation of the government periodical literature are constant concerns of lnfordata_ Improvements are appearing with each issue. Documents librarians will find this index an indispensable tool. Because of its broad coverage, it should be checked for citations on almost any topic. Jennie B. Cross RELIGION 9.

10.

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Who's Who in Religion. 1st ed. Chicago, Marquis Who's Who, 1975-. $52_50. Although there are denominational listings of clerics such as the Ministerial Directory o f the Presbyterian Church in the U.S., The Clerical Directory o f the Protestant Episcopal Church in the U.S.A. and the Official Catholic Directory there has not been one com-bined biographical source for all denominations. This first edition of an alphabetical listing of religious leaders from all denomina-tions, which took two years to compile, meets this need. In addition to the clergy, who were selected on the basis of their contributions to their faith, the more than 16,000 biographees in-cluded in this publication are national and regional church officials, both lay and clerical, heads of orders, professors of religion, theo-logy or divinity who are associated with theological seminaries, denominational colleges and schools of religion in colleges and universities, lay leaders of religious charities or organizations, lay writers of religious publications and paraprofessionals active in every religious field. As in other Marquis publications, the information supplied by the individual is reviewed by the editor who sends the written sketch to the biographee for verification. The final form of the factual biographical sketch is based on this verified information. If the biographee did not supply the information and the editor compiled the sketch, an asterisk is used to denote this. A random sample of names indicated there are some omissions which should be noted. These individuals have been actively associ-ated with religion but are not included in this compilation - Fulton J. Sheen, Carl Ellis Nelson, Benjamin Elijah Mays. Who's Who in America lists them as being educators but for anyone familiar with their accomplishments it seems they should be listed with religious leaders. Two women who are general officers of the National Coun-cil of Churches are not included Claire Randall, General Secre-tary; Mrs. Victor Baltzell, Vice President. Any new publication has problems which hopefully are corrected in later editions. Even with these omissions, this listing of biographical information of religious leaders is a useful reference book. Jean Herold Yearbook o f American and Canadian Churches, 1975. Constant H. Jacquet, Jr., ed. Nashville, Tenn., Abingdon Press, 1973-. $7.75. This is the 43rd issue of a publication dating back to 1916 when the title of the first publication was Federal Council Year Book. Title changes have occurred throughout the years: Year-book o f the Churches (1918-1925); Handbook o f the Churches (1927); New Handbook o f Churches (1931); Yearbook o f American Churches (1933-1972); Yearbook o f American and Canadian Churches (1973-1975). Information is provided on most established religious groups in the U.S. and Canada which represent the majority of membership. The numerous cults and sects that are springing up, many based on Eastern influences, or those introduced from abroad, are not in-cluded in this publication. Information is gathered from religious and other secular organi-zations by means of a data form mailed to the organization. The information supplied by the organization forms the basis of the two division of this publication: directories; statistical and historical section. Directories are provided for national U.S. and Canadian cooperative organizations, religious bodies in the U.S. and Canada, international confessional, inter-denominational and cooperative organi-zations, U.S. and Canadian regional and local ecumenical agencies, theological seminaries in the U.S. and Canada, church related

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U.S - HISTORY -- BIBLIOGRAPHY 11.

America: History and Life. Eric H. Boehm, Editor. ABC--Clio, Inc., P.O Box 4397, Santa Barbara, California 93103. Institutional subscriptions based on the service rate principle according to annual budget for books, periodicals, and binding. Special rates for high school, t w o - y e a r college and public libraries, and individuals. V. 1 (1964-65)--. Now that the expanded version of America: History and Life has appeared for a full publication year (V. 11, 1974) and is well into its second year (V. 12, 1975), it's appropriate to take a new look at this important and interesting bibliographic service. When Eric H. Boehm undertook the publication of America: History and Life in 1964, the bibliography and indexing of American history was in a sorry state indeed. The American Historical Association's old standard Writings on American History, an annual classified list of books and articles with a name/place index, was eight years behind, the 1956 edition appearing in 1964, and fading fast. A few of the major journals were covered by the International Index, soon to be named the Social Sciences and Humanities Index, but most of the 500 plus scholarly journals devoted to American history and culture were inaccessible. Some historians complained, especially Walter Rundell, Jr., who has taken a special interest in bibliography. But Rundell noted in his book In Pursuit o f American History." Research and Training in the United States (Norman, University of Oklahoma Press, 1970) that historians have been trained to concern themselves mainly with "primary" sources such as original documents. Presumably they're interested in secondary sources such as books and articles only insofar as their publication contributes to the author's professaonal advancement. Nevertheless Boehm correctly anticipated a good library market for a bibliographic service offering indexed and abstracted citations for articles on North American and Canadian history and culture. (He was already covering Europe with Historical Abstracts.) AHL began with four issues per year, the first three containing classified lists of abstracts, the fourth an annual author and subject index. There were some problems during the early years. The three abstract issues weren't indexed separately so the user had to rely on the annual index which appeared about a year late. More-over Boehm has a tendency towards overcomplexity in his bibliographic thinking and the original index incorporated a complicated and unfathomable cue system which, one suspects, was usable only by its designers. But AHL was reasonably current, mainly citing articles a year or two old. With V. 4 (1967--68) the cue index was dropped in favor of a good, usable index combining author, bio-graphic, geographic, and subject entries, which appeared much more promptly. And beginning with V. 7 (1970--71) individual abstract issues included a separate index. By V. 10 (1973) AHL offered about 4000 article citations per year covering North America from the beginning, Canada, and the United States. About 500 American and Canadian journals were indexed and about 1500 foreign journals were scanned for American items. Proceedings and collections were also covered. Abstracting was mainly done by volunteers, a policy which keeps costs down but does cause belated coverage of some journals. Then after V. 10, Boehm decided to expand AHL to include book reviews, books, and dissertations, as well as article abstracts and citations,

all to be indexed by a newly designed computer-generated index. A H L ' s new format is made up o f four parts. Part A: Article Abstracts and Citations which appears in three numbers each year is basically a continuation o f the original version of AItL. Each issue includes a classified list of entries covering North America, Canada, and - the largest part - the United States. Most of the entries in-include signed abstracts averaging about 75 words and, a good feature, note the author's institutional affiliation if available. Coverage is still reasonably current with the V.11 (1975) issues citing mostly 1974 articles, with some dated 1973 and a very few 1975. Major domestic and foreign journals are indexed together with a selection o f local publications, mainly those o f historical societies. But fewer than 50 historical society publications are covered out of more than 400 published, so there's room for i m provement in this area. Specialist journals are covered in fields such as military h/story, ethnology, popular culture, and the like. A list of periodicals is printed in Part D: Annual Index. T h o u g h the list includes about 2200 serials, it's obvious that most o f the citations in A H L are from the approximately 700 American and Canadian titles, with the foreign journals contributing entries mainly to Historical Abstracts Proceedings and collections are also supposed to be covered b u t there appear to be few entries from these sources. An index is printed in each issue o f Part A and is cumulated into the annual index. Called a SPIndex (for Subject Profile Index), it's a subject--biographic-geographic index in which each index entry cites four or five relevant terms which apply to the item indexed. The terms are rotated so that each term appears in its alphabetic sequence in the index_ Thus each string of four or five terms appears in four or five places in the index with the user able to read all the terms if he happens on any one of them. The SPIndex is efficient and usable, a vast improvement over earlier A H L indexes. Part B: Index to Book Reviews appears twice a year and m d e x e s book reviews published in about 115 o f the major American and Canadian history journals_ Current and previous year journals are indexed for reviews o f books published within the previous five years. On an annual basis, Part B is currently indexing about 5500 reviews of about 3000 books. Entires are arranged alphabetically by author with a reviewer index and a list o f periodicals in each issue. Part C: American History Bibliography is, in a way, the most i n teresting, though somewhat redundant part o f AHL. Published a n nually, it lists in classified form, using the same chronological-geo-graphic--subject arrangement as in Part A, all the entries o f current articles, book reviews, and books appearing in Parts A and B, plus new doctoral dissertations. Article entries are cross-referenced to the original citations in Part A and book entries are cross--referenced to their original appearance in Part B. Dissertation entries refer to the corresponding abstracts in Dissertation Abstracts Inter-national_ According to the publisher o f A H L , Part C's purpose is to provide a single annual bibliography o f virtually all current publi-cations in American and Canadian history. Part D: Annual Index is a cumulated index to the entries cited in Parts A, B, and C using the SPIndex system described above for subject access and a separate author index. Each SPIndex entry i n cludes the citation number in Part C and, where appropriate, the citation in Parts A or B. The author index lists the names o f authors with the volume number, part, and citation n u m b e r o f relevant entries. See and See also references are provided. Part D also i n cludes a list o f periodicals indexed and a list o f abstracters who have contributed to the current volume. The expanded AIIL is an ambitious and reasonably successful attempt to achieve current bibliographic control over the e n o r m o u s outpouring o f literature on American and Canadian history and culture. Obviously the American Bibliographical Center isn't alone in this endeavor Writings on American History, which was scheduled to expire after its 1961 edition, has taken a giant leap forward and been revived as an annual classified list of articles and dissertations. Volumes for 1 9 7 3 - 4 and 1974-5 have been pub-lished, now listing more than 11000 entries annually b u t unfortu-nately lacking a subject index. However an author index is provided and, unlike the old Writings, coverage is current. Books and book reviews are, o f course, indexed in other standard sources with more general coverage. Nevertheless A H L is presently the most comprehensive and best indexed current bibliography in its field. It's perhaps too c o m p l i cated in its arrangement, especially in connection with the repeti-tion o f entries in Part C and the interminable cross--referencing of entries between the four parts. Attracted to complexity, Boehm has created a bibliographical cloverleaf where a straight stretch of highway is needed. A single, continuous, integrated listing o f

articles, books, reviews, and dissertations in several issues per year with cumulative indexing would seem to be as comprehensive, more easily usable, and less expensive. In any case, America: History and Life is r e c o m m e n d e d for academic and public research libraries and all institutions with good current holdings in American and/or Canadian history. Bernard A- Block 12.

Writings on American tIistory. American Historical Association/ Kraus--Thomson Organization, Ltd., Millwood, New York 10546. James J. Dougherty, compiler and editor. Annual $15.00. 1973-74--. Historians for years have tempered their praise of the extensive coverage of Writings on American Histot~y with c o m m e n t s about the time lag in its appearance. The new series of Writings on Ameri-can History is an a t t e m p t by the American Historial Association, partially supported by a grant from the National E n d o w m e n t for the Humamties, to provide a reasonably current annual biblio-graphy of articles on American history appearing in serial publi-cations. The nucleus o f the compilation is the listing of journal articles on American history which appears in the Association's Recently Published Articles'. T h e latter is itself a separately pub-lished outgrowth o f the section by the same name which appeared formerly in the American Historical Review. The bibliography in b o t h cases is edited and compiled by James J. Dougherty, Biblio-grapher o f the Association_ The bibliography emphasizes periodical articles but also in-d u d e s several symposia and proceedings. According to the editor, there is no major a t t e m p t to acquire for indexing the more fugi-tire proceedings publications. If a proceedings or s y m p o s i m n volume is received, it is indexed* [*James J.Dougherty,Telephone conversation, August 12, 1976. ] The majority of serials are Ameri-can publications; coverage o f foreign journals has been provided by the network of bibliographers compiling other sections of Recently Published Articles. The 1973--74 volume indexed ap-proximately 346 titles. The 1974--75 volume also includes disser-rations in American history completed at American universities reported to the American Historical Association in 1974 and 1975. Reporting is n o t obligatory, either for the academic departmer~t or the dissertation author. Their inclusion updates, to some extent, John T. Appleby's List o f Doctoral Dissertations in History in Progress or Recently Completed in the United States, May. 1970-May, 1973, but probably duplicates extensively the listing in Dis~sertation Abstracts. Tile dissertations are integrated into the biblio-graphy and are n o t listed separately, however. The earlier series of Writings on Ameriean History accumulated the extensive time lag (twelve years when the last volume was published in 1972) which precipitated its demise and subsequent phoenix--like rising in abbreviated format from its very worthy effort to be comprehensive in citing "every book and article [withl any considerable value for study and research pertaining to the history o f the Umted States." As a retrospective tool for American history coverage, it has no equal, despite the gaps in coverage of 1904--05 and 1941-47, and the difficulties posed by a cumulative index which covers only 1902--40. The 1960 volume was tile last published in the old series; it appeared in 1972. The 1961 volume should be available in 1977; the period 1962--73 will be covered in one volume scheduled for publication October, 1976. ARRANGEMENT The bibliography is arranged in the broad chronological and geographic categories c o m m o n to most history bibliographies covering the general range of American history and in forty topics considered subjects, b u t which occasionally refer to form, e.g., Quantitative History, Comparative Studies. The topics constitute a broad subject classification scheme, but there is little consistency in the level of specificity of the individual topics. The breakdown seems to have been generated by a combination of k n o w n user approaches and n u m b e r o f entries falling within a particular sub-ject area. It is n o t unusual, however, to find several h u n d r e d e n tries u n d e r a category. Entries for articles which could be classified under several categories are reprinted in entirety in each appropri-ate category, a feature which some historians consider admirable, but which u n d o u b t e d l y adds to the costs of publication. A primary listing per article with cross references from additional categories m a y inconvenience the user somewhat b u t may also stimulate him to check additional subject headings for potentially relevant ma-terial On the average each article is listed in three categories.* [* Ibid.] There is no more specific subject index which, for ex-ample, would lead a user interested in Jane Addams' social work activities in Chicago directly to a relevant article; he would instead have to check Social History: W o m e n ' s History; or Social History:

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Reform Movements, Social Unrest, Antisocial Behavior, Resistance Movements, and Radicalism; or Social History: Urban History and Urbanization, or geographically, Midwest - Old Northwest or chronologically, one o f the time periods which include her active involvement. The other major indexing tool for American history, Amer-ica: History and Life, provides, in addition to its broad chrono-logical/subject arrangement, an average of five subject access points, which together constitute a subject profile on each article, in a separate subject index_ The rotating subject profile, plus a chrono-logical scope note, appears for each index entry. An article by Michael Fellman, "Theodore Parker and the Abolitionist Role in the 1850's," Journal o f American History (December, 1974), was listed in the Writings under The Era of Jackson, Expansion, and Sectionalism ( 1 8 2 8 - 6 0 ) ; Cultural and Intellectual History: Racism and Race Relations; Social History: Reform Movements, Social Unrest, Antisocial Behavior, Resistance Movements, and Radi-calism; and Social History: Black History. In America: History and Life. it appeared under Parker, Theodore; Abolition M o v e ment; Civil War (Antecedents); New England; and Violence. With the exceptions of the ambiguous "Violence" and the geographic designation, the subject and chronological approaches were far more specific in America: History and Life. In addition, the profile added 1850--60 as a period designation. Consistency in the assignment of form headings, such as Q u a n t i tative History, is questionable. The 1973-74 volume lists only 64 articles under this heading; if the classification had been uniformly applied, articles appearing elsewhere should have been included in this category. A n o t h e r problem is the General heading under the chronological arrangement. This appears to be used when an article encompasses several chronological periods or is of such general orientation that it will not fit into a more specific category_ Yet there are n u m e r o u s instances in which an entry appears under this broad heading as well as under more specific headings_ The exten-sive n u m b e r o f entries in this category (1294 in 1973--74; 1170 in 1974-75) reduces its usefulness considerably. COVERAGE Based on an analysis of journals indexed in the 1 9 7 3 - 7 4 volume, most of the journals are in the field of history (37.5% specifically in American history; 21.5% in other areas of history)_ An additional 19.5% were in the other social science fields, such as economics, geography, and political science; smaller percentages were science and humanities journals. The latter is surprising, considering the coverage o f cultural and intellectual history in the bibliography. When the Writings" list of journals was compared with lists from several other indexes covering American history, only 64% were covered by America." History and Life," 25% by Social Sciences Citation Index." 12% by Social Sciences and Humanities Index. Almost 30% o f the journals were uniquely indexed by Writings on American History.* [* These journals may be indexed in another source, b u t reference is to their being indexed in one o f the men-tioned indexes or in Psychological Abstracts, Education Index, Reader's GuMe, and Sociological Abstracts. With the division of Social Sciences and Humanities Index and some changes in journal coverage, the statistics cited for the parent volume are probably pertinent for the Social Sciences Index or Humanities Index.] No attempt was made to determine if the other indexes included relevant journals which were n o t on the Writings" list; this would un-doubtedly be the case, especially for America: History and Life. In its attempt at comprehensiveness, the older series had at one time analyzed over 700 publications. An additional 39.8% of the journals were indexed in only one other source.* [* This analysis is derived from data in the following: McCurdy, Scott, and others. (Writings on American History, An Analysis.) 1976. Unpublished data.] CURRENCY The first volume covered articles which appeared between June, 1973, and June, 1974_ It was published in November, 1974, so the time lag for index entries ranged from five m o n t h s to 17 m o n t h s . A similar schedule was followed for the second volume. To provide more current coverage o f s u m m e r issues, which often appear shortly after June, with the third volume the publication schedule is being shifted on a regular basis to December.* [* Dougherty, op. cit.] Recently Published Articles provides an interim updating until the cumulation is available, albeit with fewer access points. Other historical journals, such as the Journal o f American History. pro-vide comparable listings. America: History and Life, which is an abstracting tool, has a time lag of approximately two to three years. The Fellman article mentioned earlier appeared in the December, 1974, issue of Journal

34

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o f American History; it was indexed in the 1974-75 volume of Writings on American History, published in November, 1975; it appeared in the America: History and Life Issue published in November, 1975, with the additional abstract. In this particular case, the two indexing sources are comparable in time lag. Journal o f American History is a core American history journal, however, which m a y affect the time lag for indexing in America: History and Life. CONCLUSION As i t is presently arranged the bibliography is far more useful for the historian or user who wants to keep up with what is being published in a broad subject field, perhaps to check his own current awareness activities, or for a newcomer to an area who wants an overview of the journal literature_ The person intent on doing a retrospective search on a specific topic is thwarted by the broad subject arrangement and the lack o f a more specific subject index. The only other access is by author t h r o u g h an author index. The former uses are already available on a more current basis through the appropriate section o f Recently Published Articles although replication of index entries, and thus of subject access, is limited in this publication. Personal users m a y want to weigh the currency factor in the journal against the additional subject access provided through Writings with a reasonable time lag. The costs and cost differential between the two are modest so this decision factor would be insignificant. Libraries will probably want to subscribe to both: Writings for its additional subject access; Recently Pub-lished Articles since it has lists for other fields o f history as well as American and is modestly priced. Writings on American History is poorly structured for retrospective use, b u t its competitor for this use, America: History and Life, is costly for libraries. In this case, the cost differential may be a significant decision factor for librarians. Additionally the shorter time lag generally in coverage in Writings on American History m a y justify its purchase as an interim retrospective tool_ Marilyn Domas White VOCATIONAL GUIDANCE 13.

Occupational Outlook Handbook. Publisher: U.S. Government Pnnting Office, Washington, D.C. 20402. Biennial 1949-. Price o f latest edition: $7.00 (U.S. Bureau o f Labor Statistics. Bulletin no. 1875). SuDoc L2.3:1875. For m a n y years the Occupational Outlook Handbook has been and indispensible tool used by guidance counselors, educators, and students wishing to learn more about the duties performed by em-ployees working in various occupations, the range o f compensation, the e m p l o y m e n t outlook, and the geographical areas of the em-ployers. The 1976--77 edition continues the proud tradition which began as a result of a report by the Advisory Committee on Educa-tion (1938), appointed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt. This committee's recommendation to Congress for the provision of current occupational information resulted in the establishment of an Occupational Outlook Service within the Bureau of Labor Statistics_ The new agency, established in 1940, published is first occupational outlook in 1945. The first Occupational Outlook Handbook, funded by the Veterans Administration, appeared in 1949. The trend through the years has been to increase the quantity o f occupations included within each edition. The first edition provided information on 288 occupations. The second edition, pub-lished in 1951, added an additional 145 occupations to those pre-viously included. When the 1966--67 edition was published, the n u m b e r of occupations included had increased to more than 700. The 1974--75 edition included 800 occupations. The latest edition, the 1976--77 publication, again shows an increase: to more than 850 occupations. This edition uses the revised non--sexist job titles developed for the new edition o f the U_S. Office of Manpower and Budget's Dictionary o f Occupational Titles scheduled for release in 1976. This edition, like previous ones, attempts to up-" date the information provided on various occupations. Many of the occupations have been totally rewritten, with labor market figures and salary ranges raised due to the inflationary period to which we have just been subjected. Despite the large n u m b e r o f occupations included in the Occupational Outlook Handbook, the coverage is n o t complete. The editor's analysis o f the occupations contained in the 1976-77 edition shows that 95% o f all salesworkers, 90% of all professional, craft, and service workers, 80% of clerical workers, and 50% of all operatives, and smaller proportions o f managerial workers and laborers are included. A comparison with the second edition shows the improvement

in coverage which has been achieved despite the greater n u m b e r of occupations available in our more complex society. The editor o f the 1951 edition believed it contained about 82% o f the employ-merit opportunities in the professional and semiprofessional fields, 79% of those jobs available in the skilled occupations, 40% of those in clerical occupations, and a smaller proportion o f those available in the administrative, sales, and semiprofessional fields. It was also believed that most major types of farming were i n cluded. The information contained in the publications is based on U.S. Bureau o f Labor Statistics analysis of data received from business firms, trade associations, labor unions, professional societies, educational institutions, other government agencies, and private groups. The Occupational Outlook Handbook has the same w e a k ness any publication has which m u s t rely upon the data gathered by others: the o u t p u t is only as good as the input_ However, the final product does result from m a n y years o f experience in researching occupation and manpower trends by this agency_ Today, the Bureau o f Labor Statistics relies for one o f its inputs on the Census o f Population, which is produced every ten years. Two other census publications, the Census o f Business (now the Census o f Wholesale Trade, tile Census o f Retail Trade, and the Census o f Selected Service Industries) and the Census o f Manufactures are also used in the writing o f the publication. The bureau also uses its own month-ly labor force surveys in an attempt to keep current_ Previous editions have described the compilation o f these s t a t i s tics in the "Technical Appendix_" In the 1976-77 edition this a p pendix was included in a section entitled "Guide to the H a n d b o o k " and the subunit has been renamed "Assumptions and Methods Used in Preparing the E m p l o y m e n t Projections." Contained in this same section is the analysis of " T o m o r r o w ' s J o b s " which has appeared in the publication for m a n y years. The largest portion of the publication, entitled "The Outlook for Occupations," describes each job. These occupations are arranged into thirteen job clusters with a brief introductory s t a t e m e n t p r e ceeding each. Immediately under each occupation title is the Dictionary of Occupational Title number. Also contained within each of these occupational sections are the following groups into which each occupation is subdivided: The nature of the work, places o f e m ployment, training and other qualifications, e m p l o y m e n t outlook, earnings and working conditions, and sources o f additional r e f o r mation_ Each of these sections will be described. The "nature o f the work" section contained within each o c c u p a tional section describes the major duties and the m e t h o d used to perform the work by the employee. The analysis o f the required duties gives one only a general idea o f the way in which the jobs are performed. One variable which affects the duties o f the worker is the size o f the operation. Building size and geographical l o c a tions are also additional variables which can result in job m o d i fications. Technological advances are not introduced uniformly throughout industry nor are they accepted to the same extent by various employers. These variables are emphasized whenever parti-cularly appropriate for a particular occupation. The "places of e m p l o y m e n t " section discusses whether the jobs available are concentrated in certain industries or certain geo-graphical areas. The tradition o f stating the percent o f w o m e n in various occupations, began more than ten years ago, is being e x panded to include all occupations. There is also an attempt to men-tion the availability o f p a r t - t i m e e m p l o y m e n t within the applicable occupational sections_ The "training and other qualifications" section suggests impor-taut high school and/or college programs necessary to prepare one for each occupation If there are alternate ways in which one can prepare for an occupation, these m e t h o d s are mentioned, e.g., vocational schools, apprenticeship training. If there are state certification or licensing requirements for an occupation, these facts are also made known. Also discussed are the characteristics o f the job, thereby enabling the interested reader to make a sensible occupa-tional choice. Characteristics mentioned include whether the occupation requires one to work independently, to work as part of a team, or to work under close supervision. The " e m p l o y m e n t outlook" section discusses the n u m b e r o f persons in the occupation and the expected n u m b e r by 1985_ This section tells whether the occupation is believed to grow faster or slower than the national average. If the occupation is in an indus-try subject to sharp economic changes, or frequent economic cycles, these problems are also mentioned. "Earnings and working conditions" tells the usual salary range of each occupation Fringe benefits c o m m o n to certain occupa--

tions, e.g., free meals, uniform provasion, merchandise discounts, are contained ih this section. Also mentioned in this section is the frequent use o f overtime or shift work in the occupations where this is applicable. Hazards which are c o m m o n to some unskilled labor are discussed as well as any extraordinary physical demands. A n o t h e r i m p o r t a n t consideration to m a n y people, the environment in which the duties are performed, is included m this section's text. Names and addresses o f trade associations and government units which can provide s u p p l e m e n t a r y information are given in the final section, "sources o f additional information." In some cases, the names o f specific publications are mentioned as well as the source for obtaining this publication. Following the section o f the publication which discusses individ-ual occupations is the sechon devoted to entire industries. This portion o f the publication constituted almost 50% o f the second edition, but h a s been reduced to less than 25% in the 1974-75 edition. This trend seems to have leveled off with the 1976-77 edition. There are thirty-five industries included in the 1976-77 edition, approximately the same as the previous edition_ Within this industry section, the 1951 edition contained almost fifty pages o f text relative to farms and farming. This constituted 10% o f the total n u m b e r of pages in this subsection. This farm sub-section was subdivided by location of farm and then by type of product produced. T h e 1 9 7 6 - 7 7 edition has only seven pages on farming, reflecting the decrease in farming as an employer. The farm section o f t h e 1951 edition included charts showing the prices o f products in relation to parity as well as other economic charts, pictures of farm scenes, agricultural product maps of the U,S., and pictures o f farm laborers. The trend toward t h e reduction o f this section probably has partially been t h e result of the expansion o f other publications into these areas. The publicahons of the U_S. Department of Com-merce, e.g., U.S. Industrial Outlook, and the publications o f the U S D e p a r t m e n t of Agriculture's Economic Research Service and Statistical Reporting Service n o w provide m u c h more extensive data. The earlier editions of Occupational Outlook Handbook reproduced a greater portion o f the material contained within the Census o f Agriculture t h a n do the later editions. Since the first or second editmn the publication has contained an occupations and industries index. Beginning with tile 1974-75 edition, the publication has also contained a Dictionary of O c c u pational Titles index. This index is very valuable for occupations which have two or m o r e words in the title as well as those which have alternate job titles for similar work. The 1976--77 edition, like previous editions, has a listing of reprints which are available for purchase. Listed in this edition are 155 occupations which libraries m a y wish to consider for their pamphlet files. This section has increased from the 1974--75 edi-tion's offer o f 150 reprints o f occupations. The reprints are available for $.35 each from the Superintendent o f D o c u m e n t s or from one o f the eight regional offices of the U.S. Bureau o f Labor Statistics. The publication is printed with sufficient margins to allow for binding, but m a n y libraries will n o t want to delay the publication's appearance on their shelves. Whether the library decides to have the book b o u n d or hardcovered, all libraries will want to purchase at least one copy o f the publication. Donna Longstreet 14,

Occupational Outlook Quarterly. Publisher: U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402. Quarterly. v. 1--. F e b r u ary, 1957--. Subscription rate $4.00 domestic; $5.00 foreign. ISSN 0029--7968. (SuDoc L2.70/4:v. nos. & nos.) A n o t h e r publication produced by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics to aid students, counselors, and educators is the Oeeupa-tional Outlook Quarterly The prefatory note contained in the 1974--75 Occupational Outlook Handbook r e c o m m e n d s the use of the Occupational Outlook Quarterly as a supplement to enable one to keep current between issues o f the biennial Occupational Out-look Handbook. The publication contains a selected n u m b e r of articles which m a y discuss a particular occupation and its projected manpower growth requirement compared with the national average, a cluster o f occupations (e.g_, those in the health field), or an entire issue m a y be devoted to various occupations within a certain industry. Some articles have discussed problems one m a y have entering a desired occupation either due to an oversupply o f qualified individ-uals or due to the requirement for a state license. Articles have also appeared on occupations beginning to suffer a m a n p o w e r shortage. Benefits o f occupations which provide free "on the job training" as well as educational restitutions which provide para--

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professional training have appeared_ For the high school and college student, there have appeared articles which provide techniques for locating a s u m m e r job. Other articles tell one how to successfully function in his new job, e g., working habits, business vocabulary. In more recent years, the writers have been staff members of the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Earlier articles were written by Cabinet members such as ex-Secretary of Labor Willard Wirtz and by former Vice President Humphrey. Other members o f the federal administration have written articles on their own area of responsibility, e.g., Sargent Shriver's article on the Peace Corps. Those occasional articles which have been unsigned are usually summarizations of other publications produced by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics or t h e y are lengthy news items, For those libraries which have unwisely decided against purchasing Oeeupa-tional Outlook Handbook (see above), a tabular presentation of some of the data for a selected n u m b e r of occupations appears in "Occupational Outlook in Brief," Occupational Outlook Quarterly, Spring, 1976. The length of most o f the articles is four or five pages, but an occasional article m a y be considerably longer. These articles usually have tables or charts, but there is good use o f illustrations and skill-ful use o f color. It is n o t felt that the majority of students would feel the material is too pedantic. The age level of the readers f o cused upon is high school through college. Listed toward the end o f most issues of the publication is a page of "Counseling Aids," designed to provide information on new publications o f various federal agencies as well as private associa-tions and organizations. There is a great deal of variance regarding the subject o f these publications with pamphlets listed regarding how to take tests intermingled with those publications suggesting aids for improving job performance. A n o t h e r section which appears infrequently consists of an anno-tared bibliography o f the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Report series. The publications listed here are slightly more technical than some o f the publications listed in the "Counseling Aids" section. Formerly many issues o f the publication contained cumulative indices o f selected articles in past Occupational Outlook Quarterly issues. The last complete index appeared in the Winter, 1969, issue;

the reappearance of comprehensive indices would greatly enhance the value of the publication. The publication is indexed in Funk and Scott Index o f Corpora-tions and Industries (Cleveland: Predicasts), Predicasts (Cleveland: Predicasts), and Index to US. Government Periodicals (Chicago: Infordata International). The margins are sufficiently deep for binding or hardcovering of the issues. Purchase of the publication is r e c o m m e n d e d for all libraries, large or small. Donna Longstreet

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