ROSE COLLECTIONS AND TRIALS | Rose Collections and Herbaria

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ROSE COLLECTIONS AND TRIALS/Rose Collections and Herbaria

See also: Classi®cation: Conventional Taxonomy (Wild Roses); Horticultural Classi®cation Schemes. Genetics: Inheritence in the Dogrose. Rootstocks: Scion±Rootstock Relationships; Rootstock Breeding; Usage of Rootstocks.

Further Reading De Bresser WAA (1984) De Teelt van Rozenonderstammen. Tilburg: Lea¯et Consulentschap Akkerbouw en Tuinbouw. Derkx MPM (1997) Geconditioneerde Ophef®ng van de Kiemrust in Boom ± en Heesterzaden. Boskoop: Boomteeltpraktijkonderzoek.

de Vries DP (1993) The Vigour of Glasshouse Roses: Scion±Rootstock Relationships. PhD thesis, University of Wageningen, Wageningen, The Netherlands. KruÈssmann G (1986) Rosen, Rosen, Rosen, pp. 67±99. Berlin: Parey. Leemans JA (1966) Rootstocks for Roses ± Characteristics and Cultural Value. Boskoop: PPH. LoÈsing H (1995) Bedeutung und integrierter BekaÈmpfung wandernder Nematoden (Pratylenchus sp.) als eine Ursache von NachbauschaÈden bei Rosen. Dissertation. Berlin: Humboldt-UniversitaÈt zu Berlin. van Hees-Boukema EM (1993) Het Zaaien van houtige Boomkwekerijgewassen. Boskoop: IKC Boomteelt.

ROSE COLLECTIONS AND TRIALS Contents

Rose Collections and Herbaria Rose Societies Awards

Rose Collections and Herbaria T Cairns, American Rose Society, Studio City, CA, USA # 2003, Elsevier Ltd. All Rights Reserved.

Introduction Rose gardens, while often perceived as extravagant, are ubiquitous throughout the civilized world. There are thousands of rose gardens worthy of attention. In creating gardens, humanity has taken the beauty and entropy of nature and brought high degrees of architectural order to otherwise disarranged botanical assets. The intervention of mankind to organize and complement plants of varying habit, shape, colour and fragrance is evidence of the required partnership of man's imagination working synergistically with nature's disorder to create a garden not only pleasing to the eye but also to the various senses. The collaboration of man with nature usually originates with the vision of humanity creating the

basic concept based on botanical intelligence. But the changing will and divergence of nature constantly alters the equation of geometry to produce a changing effect that constantly affects the overall architecture of a rose garden. Unlike great buildings, rose gardens are ephemeral, giving rise to a multitude of transient displays, each different and passing. This advanced knowledge permits garden designers to have premature visions of how their creations will look in the future. While rose gardens may appear natural, they are indeed inventions of mankind introducing design where it had not existed beforehand. The great rose gardens of the world have been expanding since the inception of serious garden design in Italy and France during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries where astonishment was the goal more than order and beauty for the eye. These rose gardens ranged from massive to large to sometimes simple, each dependent on the vision of the creator. Each country has developed major rose collections based on the availability of plants and experience learned from other designs throughout the world. In the twenty-®rst century the emphasis in maintaining large

ROSE COLLECTIONS AND TRIALS/Rose Collections and Herbaria

rose collections is not just for beauty and order, but also for historical relevance. Additionally, many of these ®ne gardens have now embraced the concept of the incorporation of international rose trials initiated by Parc du Bagatelle in Paris, France.

World Federation of Rose Societies Gardens of Merit The World Federation of Rose Societies (WFRS) makes awards from time to time to `Gardens of Merit', for outstanding rose gardens. The following list gives the dates and the recipients of this award. 1995: La Roseraie de l'Hay du Val-de-Marne, France

8, rue Albert Watel, 94200 L'Hay-les-Roses, France. The world's oldest existing garden devoted exclusively to roses celebrated its centenary in 1994. It was created by architect Edouard Andre and rosarian Jules Graveraux, who assembled a collection of all species and varieties known at the time. Together they created a rose garden of historical value and breathtaking beauty. In 1968 ownership of the garden passed to the department of Val-de-Marne, which has conscientiously continued the maintenance and renewal of the collection while encouraging public participation in this setting of unrivalled charm. 1996: Il Roseto Botanico `Carla Fineschi', Italy

52022 Cavriglia (Arezzo), Italy. Professor Gianfranco Fineschi started collecting roses 30 years ago and today he has one of the world's largest private collections ± more than 6500 varieties, each represented by a single plant. In this living museum the genus Rosa is presented from a historical and a botanical point of view. Species, subspecies and later hybrids are systematically presented, while climbers and ramblers form walls between the scienti®c divisions. Many of the beds of modem varieties are grouped according to their hybridizers. In this garden overlooking the hills of Tuscany one may trace the history of the rose from antiquity to the present day while marvelling at the beauty of the garden itself. 1998: The Garden of Roses at Hex Castle, Belgium

Kasteel Hex, B3870 Heers, Belgium. This historical site was constructed by Prince Bishop Velbruck in 1770. The gardens are of a formal Renaissance style while the surrounding parkland re¯ects the natural English style. About 250 varieties of roses are found throughout the property. Since 1970 Countess Michel d'Ursel has renewed

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and increased the collection of roses. Some bushes are originals which date back to the construction of the castle. Others are plants which the Countess d'Ursel brought back from her travels to replace those that had died. She also added many modern varieties, but always those that were in harmony with these gracious surroundings. 2000: City of Belfast International Rose Garden, Northern Ireland

Upper Malone Road, Belfast, Northern Ireland The City of Belfast International Rose Garden is situated in one of the city's most beautiful areas in an outstanding landscape in the form of Sir Thomas and Lady Dixon Park. The park extends to 50 ha on the southern outskirts of Belfast, beside the Upper Malone Road and bounded to the west by the meandering River Lagan. Up to 35 000 rose bushes, each with dozens of blooms, are seen by many thousands of residents and visitors alike during the summer making the garden a `must see' attraction in Northern Ireland. Sir Thomas and Lady Dixon Park was chosen as an ideal setting for a large rose display garden, which would incorporate an area for trial purposes. The ®rst roses were planted in the winter of 1964/65, including entries for Trial I, 1965/66. In the late 1980s the gardens were completely redesigned, offering a series of circular rose beds skilfully integrated into the hillside landscaping.

2003: The Europa-Rosarium at Sangerhausen, Germany

Steinberger Weg 3, D-06526 Sangerhausen This world-famous garden was of®cially opened in 1903 in the presence of its Royal Patron, the Empress Augusta. In 1989, after the Reuni®cation of Germany, the Rosarium rapidly gained its well-deserved international reputation as the comprehensive repository of many old garden roses in danger of complete extinction. The collection of old garden roses is the most extensive in the world today comprising 50 000 plants (6500 varieties). In 2003 this garden celebrated its 100th birthday in conjunction with the German Rose Society.

Rose Gardens of the World The information that follows is a selected alphabetical listing (derived from WFRS publications) by country of the various notable rose gardens available for public viewing with an extended narrative of national gardens and others most worthy of special note.

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ROSE COLLECTIONS AND TRIALS/Rose Collections and Herbaria

Argentina

`El Rosedal' Municipal Rose Garden Palermo Park, Buenos Aires Best blooms to be seen in October±November. This garden was created in 1914 by inspiration drawn from Parc du Bagatelle in the Bois de Boulogne near Paris. In 1994 a massive renovation programme was undertaken. By 1996 the garden boasted nearly 14 000 plants on display, and was home to an international trial ground. Australia

Royal Tasmanian Botanic Garden 7000, Tasmania

Queens Domain

National Rose Trial Garden of Australia Adelaide Botanic Garden, Hackney Road, Adelaide 5001, South Australia This garden is situated within the Botanic Garden of Adelaide, capital city of South Australia. It is a joint venture between the National Rose Society of Australia, the Rose Introducers of Australia, and the Botanic Garden of Adelaide, and is administered by a Management Council of seven. Each partner is represented by two members, together with a further representative from the Nursery and Landscape Industry Association. First trials were initiated in 1997. Adelaide International Rose Garden Adelaide Botanic Garden, Hackney Road, Adelaide 5001, South Australia 5000 roses in a landscaped garden. Rymill Park Rose Garden Bartels Road and Dequetteville Terrace, Adelaide 5001, South Australia Main rose garden of the City of Adelaide. Carrick Hill Fullarton Road, Spring®eld 5062, South Australia Tea roses, bedding roses and the Alister Clark Rose Garden. Ruston's Rose Garden Moorna Street, Renmark 5341, South Australia Largest collection of roses in Australia. 50 000 roses, old and new. Mount Lofty Botanic Garden Australia Australian species collection.

Piccadilly, South

Chateau Barrosa Rose Garden Barossa Valley, South Australia 5000 roses in a landscaped setting.

Quatre Saisons Heritage Rose Garden Lot 1, Mills Road, Glen Forrest 6009, Western Australia Large collection of heritage and modern roses. The Rose Garden Royal Botanic Gardens, Sydney, New South Wales Sunraysia Oasis Botanic Garden River Road, Buronga 2739, New South Wales Good use of climbing roses on pergolas and portholes. Riversdale Maud Street, Goulburn 2580, New South Wales A National Trust property with the garden recently restored. Victoria State Rose Garden K Road, Werribee 3030, Victoria Established in 1986 with over 4000 plants with 300 species on approx. 5 ha designed in the shape of a Tudor rose with ®ve petals. Awarded WFRS Plaque of Merit in 1999. Royal Botanic Gardens

South Yarra 3141, Victoria

Flemington Racecourse Epsom Road, Flemington 3031, Victoria 18 000 rose plants in massive displays. Morwell Centenary Rose Garden Commercial Road, Vicroads 340.C6, Morwell, Victoria Latrobe City Council rose garden. Imaginatively landscaped gardens of 1.6 ha with 100 beds planted with 3000 roses. Professional selection of recent hybrids and traditional favourites make up 250 varieties. Alister Clark Memorial Rose Garden Somerton and Bulla Roads, Bulla, Victoria Collection of Alister Clark roses.

Corner

Austria

Donaupark Wien Donauturmstrasse 2, 1220 Wien Best viewed in June±July. Burggarten Burgring, 1010 Wien Standard roses. Rosarium Baden bei Wien Doblhoffpark, 2500 Baden Inaugurated in 1969 with approx. 9 ha with 25 000 rose bushes. Home to Austrian International Rose Trials.

ROSE COLLECTIONS AND TRIALS/Rose Collections and Herbaria Belgium

Bellevaux 4960 Malmedy Approx. 1100 bushes on 1.2 ha. Best viewed at the end of June±July and in September±October. Coloma Domein Coloma, 1610 St Pieters Leeuw Flemish rose garden on a world scale with 5000 plants on 5 ha. Best viewed in June±July. Hex Castle Kasteel Hex, B-3870 Heers This historical site was constructed by Prince Bishop Velbruck in 1770. The gardens are of a formal Renaissance style while the surrounding parkland re¯ects the natural English style. About 250 varieties of roses are found throughout the property. Since 1970 Countess Michel d'Ursel has renewed and increased the collection of roses. Some bushes are originals which date back to the construction of the castle. Others are plants which the Countess d'Ursel brought back from her travels to replace those that had died. She also added many modern varieties, but always those that were in harmony with these gracious surroundings. Castle grounds are about 60 ha with a formal rose garden of 3 ha containing 450 species of roses as well as other historic plants and climbers. The garden is open, on weekdays only, to private groups upon written request. Garden awarded WFRS Plaque of Merit in 1997. Huise ChaÃteau de l'Ast Korte Aststraat 12, 9750 Huise Zingem This chateau and garden in West Flanders was the property of the parents of founding WFRS President and President Emeritus, Baroness Lily de Gerlache de Gomery who recently retired as President of the Belgian National Rose Society after 40 years of long and distinguished service. Her father started the garden around 1925 and was the ®rst President of the Belgian National Rose Society. There are approx. 1000 bushes on 0.5 ha. Roses were selected by family members because they loved them or because they grow well in the garden. These include Hybrid Teas, climbers, old polyanthas and grandi¯oras, modern roses, landscape roses and a collection of R. wichuranas. Visits must be arranged by special request or made in connection with special events. Provinciale Rozentuin Rivierenhof Turnhouttsebaan 232, 2100 Deurne 7300 plants on 8 ha, 250 vareities of historic roses, a collection of species and a collection of R. moschata hybrids.

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Le Roeulx Home St Jacques Approx. 1500 rose bushes on 1.5 ha. Home to an Annual International Rose Trial. Rosarium West Vlaanderen Kortrijk Kasteel t'Hooge, Doorniksesteenweg 221, 8500 Kortrijk Nearly 5000 plants located on 1.5 ha, mostly historical and modern. Home to an Annual International Rose Trial. Best viewed in June±July. Select Delforge±Reynaert Rozentiun Rozenlaan 12, 9111 Belsele (St Niklaas) Small garden on 0.3 ha but with 2500 bushes. Worth a visit during end of June±July. Den Blakken Wegvoeringstraat, 9230 Wetteren Modern roses, landscape roses, groundcovers, climbing roses; approx. 1500 roses on 0.5 ha. Vrijbroekpark Provinciaal Domein Ridder Dessainlaan, 2800 Mechelen This garden has 11 000 roses on 2 ha, species and modern. Roseraie de Terre Franche Rue Collean 2, 1325 Chaumont-Gistoux Approx. 1000 species roses, old roses and trials entries on 0.75 ha. Best viewed in the ®rst part of June. Den Blakken Wegvoeringstraat, 9230 Wetteren Modern roses, landscape roses, groundcovers, climbing roses (about 1500 rose bushes) on 0.5 ha. Best viewed at the end of June±July. Bermuda

Millenium Rose Garden at Waterville Waterville Paget parish by The National Trust Established in 1987 it is a repository garden (0.5 ha) for roses growing in Bermuda. Open to visitors during daylight hours. Best viewed in April. Camden Paget by the Botanical Gardens A collection of 40 historic roses growing on 0.25 ha, best viewed in April. Canada

Memorial University Garden Sir Wilfred Grenfell Campus, Cornerbrook, Newfoundland Memorial University Campus Garden Avenue, St John's, Newfoundland

Elizabeth

Le Jardin Botanique de New Brunswick Jacques, New Brunswick

Saint-

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Le Jardin Botanique de MontreÂal Street E., Montreal, Quebec There are 10 000 roses.

4101 Sherbrooke

680 Plains Road, West

University of Guelph Arboretum Guelph, Ontario

Highway 6,

Agriculture Canada Central Experimental Farm Prince of Wales Drive, Ottawa, Ontario Rideau Hall Historic Rose Garden Ottawa, Ontario

1 Sussex Drive,

Canadian National Exhibition Park Avenue West, Toronto, Ontario Queen Elizabeth Gardens Road, Windsor, Ontario

Lakeshore

Jackson Park, Tecumseh

Agriculture Canada Research Station Manitoba Calgary Zoo Rose Garden

Morden,

Calgary, Alberta

Olds College Rose Garden Olds, Alberta Species and shrubs, many early Canadian. Burnaby Centennial Rose Garden Burnaby Mountain Park, Burnaby, British Columbia Centennial Rose Garden Dogwood Pavilion, 621 Poirier Street, Coquitlam, British Columbia Butchart Gardens Saanich, British Columbia World renowned for the splendour of the rose gardens. Agriculture Canada Station Columbia Stanley Park Rose Garden lumbia

Summerland, British Vancouver, British Co-

Van Dusen Botanical Garden Vancouver, British Columbia

Government House, Victoria,

Czech Republic

Connaught Rose Garden Mount Royal, Quebec, Gordon Park, Saint-Lambert, Quebec Royal Botanical Gardens Burlington, Ontario

Victorian Garden British Columbia

37th and Oak Street,

Horticulture Centre of the Paci®c Vancouver Island, British Columbia The Peninsular Rose Club's test garden.

Rosarium, Exhibition Grounds FLORA Olomouc Olomouc, Wolkerova Founded in 1972 with the assistance of the Rosa Club, a botanical garden setting with about 300 cultivars (plus a strong representation of roses from Czech breeders) on 3.4 ha. Best viewed in the middle of June. Rosarium, Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Science Pruhonice, near Prague A 250-ha natural park dating back to 1885 with a rose garden begun in 1964 by Prof. Svoboda. Managed by the Institute of Botany, it has approx. 600 modern roses and 210 historical roses, co-located with the Research Institute of Decorative Horticulture. A showcase setting for roses from Czech hybridizers. Rosarium, International Contest of Rose Novelties Hradec KraÂloveÂ-Kukleny Pardubicka Established in 1974, it is home to an outstanding Annual International Rose Trials with an attractive rose garden featuring about 100 varieties. Best viewed in the middle of June. Rosarium and Rose Garden of Prague Hill Petrin, Prague Founded in 1932, both these gardens are situated on the remains of the medieval forti®cations of Prague. There are approx. 2000 rose bushes. Best viewed in the middle of June. Denmark

Rosenhaven i Valbyparlken Hammelstrupvej, DK2500 Valby, Copenhagen Located on 1.5 ha, this is frequently voted for as the most beautiful rose garden by the people of Copenhagen. It has about 12 000 rose bushes featuring species roses, historic roses and climbers. Best viewed in July. Gerlevparken Gerlev, DK-3630 Jñgerspris Located on approx. 1.2 ha with 6000 plants representing predominantly old garden roses and a wonderful showcase for varieties bred by Poulsen. Best viewed in June±July. Kellerishaven Kellerisvej 64, DK-3490 KvistgaÊrd Species roses and old garden roses (about 4000 plants) on 0.9 ha, best viewed in July. Also voted the most beautiful rose garden in mid-July by the local residents of KvistgaÊrd.

ROSE COLLECTIONS AND TRIALS/Rose Collections and Herbaria

Rosenhaven i éstre Anlñg Stockholmsgade, DK2100 Copenhagen This garden has 1000 plants, mainly species roses. Best viewed in July. Rosenhaven i Enghaven Enghavevej, DK-1674 Copenhagen There are about 1000 plants, mainly species roses and climbers. Best viewed in July. Rosenhaven i Kongens Have Georg Brandes Plads, DK-1307 Copenhagen There are approx. 1700 bushes (mainly species) on 0.2 ha. Hellerup Strandpark DK-2900 Hellerup, Gentofte About 3500 rose bushes, mainly species and climbers, in 0.4 ha. Roserne i Botanisk Have éster Farimagsgade 2, University of Copenhagen, DK-1353 Copenhagen Mainly species roses and old garden roses. Best seen in July. GraÊsten Slotspark DK-6300 GraÊsten Open daily except when the Royal Family is in residence. Best viewed in July. Geogra®sk Have Chr.d.4.Vej, DK-6000 Kolding About 10 000 rose bushes on 11 ha, mainly species and old garden roses, voted most beautiful rose garden in mid-July by the local residents. Dronningens Rosenhave Kongevejen 1, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Park og KirkegaÊrdsforvaltningen Less than 5000 rose bushes on about 2 ha, including species roses, historic roses and climbers. When the Royal Family are in residence at the castle, entrance is by special permission from the Royal Court. Den Jyske Rosenpark Nygade 18c, DK-9620 Aalestrup About 10 000 rose plants on display. Finland

Helsingin Yliopiston Viikin Laitokset/Viik Garden of Helsinki University Kasvibiologian Laitos, F-00014 Helsinki Oulun Yliopiston Kasvitieteellinen Puutarha/The Garden of Oulu University Linnanmaa, FIN90100 Oulu

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Tampereen Kaupungin HatanpaÈaÈn Arboretumin Ruusutarha HatampaÈaÈnkatu 20, FIN-33100 Tampere Turun Yliopiston Kasvitieteellinen Puutarha/The Garden of Turku University Ruissalo 25, FIN20100 Turku KaÈrsaÈlaÈ Rose Farm Vahliokulmantie 155, FIN31400 Somero This baroque garden, privately administered, covers 1 ha and contains 250 different taxa. It is the largest collection of pimpinellifolias in Finland, as well as many other bush roses. Best viewed June 15± August 15. Oulujoen Taimisto (The Nursery of Oulu River) Taimikuja 10, FIN-91519 Rova The show garden contains some 100 different hardy bush roses suitable for the climate (65 N). Best seen in July. France

Roseraie du ChaÃteau ChaÃteau F-18200 Saint-Amand Montrond

Arnay-le-Vieil,

Roseraie du Parc Floral de la Source Parc Floral d'OrleÂans la Source, Avenue du Parc Floral, F-45100 OrleÂans Jardin des Roses Comite des Fils de la Rose, Les AreÁnes, F-49700 Doue la Fontaine Jardins de la Roseraie Service des Espaces Verts, Avenue Maurice Dardat, F-49000 Angers Roseraie du Jardin des Plantes F-59800 Lille

Rue d'Oran,

Roseraie de Saverne Route de Paris, F-67700 Saverne Annual International Rose Trials. Roseraie de Schiltigheim Strasbourg)

Schiltigheim (Mairie de

Roseraie du Parc de la TeÃte d'Or Parc de la TeÃte d'Or, F-69006 Lyon Viewed with great pride by the citizens of Lyon, this formal rose garden, founded in 1961, is part of a 105 ha park established in 1855. With almost 60 000 rose bushes mostly planted in mass

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ROSE COLLECTIONS AND TRIALS/Rose Collections and Herbaria

displays in 5 ha, this garden has held rose trials since 1930. Roseraie du Parc de Loisirs Saint Nicolas Parc de Loisirs, F-71380 Chatenoy en Bresse (Mairie de ChaÃlons-sur-SaoÃne) Roseraie du Parc du Buisson Rond Parc du Buisson Rond, Rue Sainte Rose, F-73000 ChambeÂry Roseraie du Jardin des Plantes MuseÂum d'Histoire Naturelle, Jardin des Plantes, 2 rue Cuvier, F-75005 Paris Roseraie du Parc de Bagatelle Parc de Bagatelle, Route de SeÁvres Neuilly, F-75016 Paris Close to the centre of Paris, Bagatelle offers visitors a delightful space with a charming castle. The most prestigious efforts of French and foreign rose growers are gathered here. From mid-May to mid-July 10 000 rose bushes of 1200 varieties are in bloom. Then in September, remontant varieties grace the garden once more. Here, one can discover old roses no longer available commercially, winning roses from the International Rose Competition, and classic varieties which have delighted the public for over a century. The International New Rose Competition has been held annually since 1907, at Bagatelle. Roseraie du Parc de Chambord Direction des Espaces Verts, 9 rue de l'HoÃtel de Ville, F-82000 Montauban Roseraie Municipale de Limoges F-87000 Limoges

beauty. In 1968 ownership of the garden passed to the department of Val-de-Marne, which has conscientiously continued the maintenance and renewal of the collection while encouraging public participation in this setting of unrivalled charm. Awarded WFRS garden Plaque of Merit in 1995. Roseraie du Parc de la Beaujoie Rue des Pays de la Loire, F-44300 Nantes Site of Annual International Rose Trials. Germany

RosengaÈrtnerei Kalbus Altdorf Hagenhausen, D-90518 Altdorf Mainly old garden roses and `English Roses'; 3000 plants (400 varieties), established in 1984. GoÈnneranlage Lichtentaler Allee, D-76530 BadenBaden The popularity of Baden-Baden was due in part to Konrad Adenauer who was a keen rosarian. During a conference of foreign ministers in Baden-Baden, he was persuaded to become `Patron of the Rose'. So in 1952 the ®rst rose trials took place in the Gomier garden. This garden celebrated its Golden Jubilee in 2002, a proud 50 years of accomplishment. There are 25 000 plants (350 varieties). Rosenneuheitengarten Auf dem Beutig, Moltkestrasse, D-76530 Baden-Baden Established in 1981, this garden has 5000 plants (200 varieties).

Rue de la Roseraie,

Roseraie des Jardins Albert Kahn 10 Quai du 4 Septembre, F-92100 Boulogne-sur-Seine

Bad Langensalza Rosengarten Vor dem Klagetor, D-99947 Bad Langensalza Established 1989, this garden has 10 100 plants (400 varieties) in 1.7 ha.

Roseraie du ChaÃteau de la Malmaison 15 Avenue du ChaÃteau, F-92500 Rueil Malmaison Formal rose garden, once the home of Empress Josephine who collected old garden roses.

Schau- und PruÈfungsgarten der Rosen-Union Steinfurther Haupstrasse 25, D-61231 Bad Nauheim-Steinfurth This garden has 8000 plants (250 varieties).

Roseraie Municipale Honore Daumier Avenue du MareÂchal Juin, F-93600 Aulnay-sous-Bois La Roseraie de l'Hay du Val de Marne 8 rue Albert Watel, F-94200 L'Hay-les-Roses The world's oldest existing garden devoted exclusively to roses celebrated its centenary in 1994. It was created by architect Eduard Andre and rosarian Jules Graveraux, who assembled a collection of all species and varieties known at the time. Together they created a rose garden of historical value and breathtaking

Schaugarten GoÈnewein Steinfurther Haupstrasse 1-5, D-61231 Bad Nauheim-Steinfurth There are 4000 plants (150 varieties) in this garden. Rosengarten im Kurpark Bad Kurpark, D-59505 Bad Sassendorf

Sassendorf

Im

Rosengarten der neuen Residenz Domplatz 8, D-96049 Bamberg There are 4500 plants (50 varieties).

ROSE COLLECTIONS AND TRIALS/Rose Collections and Herbaria

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Britzer Garden Sangerhauser Weg 1, D-12349 Berlin Approximately 18 000 rose bushes, modern and historical, in 155 ha.

Rosengarten im Stadtpark Hannover TheodorHeuss-Platz, Hannover About 5300 plants (140 varieties) are grown in this garden.

Rosengarten auf der Pfaueninsel Am Ende des Nikolskoer Weges, FaÈhre zur Insel, Berlin About 1000 plants, old to modern, 300 varieties.

Italienischer Rosengarten Strasse der Wild-und Strauchrosen, Roseninformationsgarten, D-78465 Insel Mainau Almost 30 000 plants (1300 varieties) are displayed here.

Rosengarten im Grossen Tiergarten Strasse des 17. Juni 31, D-10785 Berlin This garden has 5300 plants (110 varieties). BuÈrgerpark Pankow SchoÈnholzer Strasse, BerlinPankow Mass displays of 40 varieties, total plants 6000. Rosengarten Bremen Rhododendronpark, Marcusallee, Bremen About 10 000 roses (representing 200 varieties) are displayed in this garden, which was renovated in 1997/8. Rosengarten Coburg Am Anger, D-96450 Coburg Originally established in 1929, the modernized garden now contains 7000 plants (72 varieties). RosenhoÈhe MathildenhoÈhe, Darmstadt This garden was established in 1982; it has 10 000 plants (290 varieties). Deutsches Rosarium VDR Dortmund-Westfalenpark, An der BuschmuÈhle 3, D-44139 Dortmund Established in 1972, this garden has 50 000 plants (3500 varieties). Lehr- und Sichtungsgarten Dresden-Pillnitz Lohmener Strasse 12, D-01326 Dresden-Pillnitz Founded in 1993, this garden has 2000 plants (270 varieties). Rosengarten im Burggraben KurfuÈrstliche Burg, Burgstrasse, D-65343 Eltville This garden contains an impressive 10 000 plants representing 350 varieties. Rosengarten und Roseneneuheiten-Garten in Palmengarten Siesmayerstrasse 61, D-60323 Frankfurt-am-Main There are about 10 300 plants in mass plantings of 900 varieties. Rosengarten im Planten und Blomen Tiergartenstrasse, Hamburg Mitte Established in 1992, this garden has 3500 plants (300 varieties).

Herzogenriedpark Hochuferstrasse 27, D-68167 Mannheim Established in 1975, this garden has 6000 plants (240 varieties). Rosensichtungsgarten Sachsenstrasse 8, MuÈnchen There are almost 5000 plants (220 varieties). Rosengarten im Westpark Westendstrasse, MuÈnchen The garden is 200 ha with 25 000 plants (420 varieties). Rosengarten Pinneberg Fahltsweide, D-25421 Pinneberg Founded in 1932, the garden has 8300 plants (80 varieties). Europa-Rosarium Sangerhausen Steinberger Weg 3, D-06526 Sangerhausen This world famous garden, situated in the centre of Germany, was of®cially opened in 1903 in the presence of its Royal Patron, the Empress Augusta. The Europa-Rosarium at Sangerhausen must rate as the most important rose garden in the world. It has an inventory of almost 7000 cultivars spanning the complete history of the evolution of the rose. Thanks to the initiative of rose breeder Peter Lambert, many old garden roses and species in danger of extinction were gathered together to form a valuable collection and the City of Sangarhausen had just the right plot of land to accommodate this unique collection. In 1903 Sangerhausen opened its gates for the ®rst time during the German Rose Society Congress to display over 2000 cultivars on about 1.5 ha. Today the land devoted to roses is now 12.5 ha. Thanks to many benefactors throughout the years, this garden has received patronage and protection from the ravages of two world wars. In 1989, after the Reuni®cation of Germany, the Rosarium rapidly gained its well-deserved international reputation as the comprehensive repository of many old garden roses in danger of extinction. The collection of old garden roses is the most extensive in the world today, consisting of 50 000 plants (6800

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ROSE COLLECTIONS AND TRIALS/Rose Collections and Herbaria

Table 1 Inventory of cultivars at the Europa-Rosarium Classi®cation

Number of cultivars

Alba Bengal Bourbon Centifolia Climbers Damask Floribunda Gallica Groundcovers Hybrid Polyantha Hybrid Tea Modern Shrubs Moss Noisette Pernetiana Polyantha Ramblers Rugosa Tea Wild species

25 55 65 40 850 30 780 160 80 225 2380 310 130 55 170 280 465 80 115 500

varieties) (Table 1). In 2003 this garden celebrated its 100th birthday in conjunction with the German Rose Society. Rosengarten von W. Kordes' SoÈhne Rosenstrasse 54, D-25365 Sparrieshoop A collection of 5000 plants (250 varieties). Tal der Rosen, Killesberg Am Kocherhof 16, D-70192 Stuttgart Approx. 18 000 plants (400 varieties) are displayed. Rosarium Uetersen D-25436 Uetersen Established in 1934, this garden has 35 000 plants (900 varieties). RosenhoÈhe im Vogelpark Walsrode Am Rieselbach, D-29664 Walsrode There are 13 000 plants (25 varieties). Europas Rosengarten ZweibruÈcken Rosengartenstrasse, ZweibruÈcken A huge collection of 60 000 plants (2000 varieties). Wildrosengarten Fasaneriestrasse, ZweibruÈcken A unique collection of species roses, with 2000 plants (700 varieties). Greece

Historic Rose Garden of Schinos Centre for Hellenism, Damianos Foundation at Schinos, Corinth This rose garden is part of a 4-ha idyllic setting inspired by the Royal National Rose Society's

`Gardens of the Rose' at St Albans, UK. Planting started in winter 1995 using a spiral design with a pavilion at the centre. Roses featured are hybrid teas, shrubs and groundcovers as well as many historical roses. India

Mughal Gardens Adjacent to the Presidential Mansion, Delhi As the name would imply, this 6-ha rose garden established in 1922 was designed to amplify the Mughal in¯uence using both elegant Persian and British landscaping trends expressed in herculean size and dimensions. In particular the `Butter¯y Garden' contains only fragrant roses. There are over 250 varieties, some domestic and some imported. Rose Garden at New Delhi Airport This municipal garden established in 1993 has more than 24 000 rose bushes planted in 6.5 ha in mass displays in 300 separate beds, and maintained in peak condition. It is now the largest rose garden in the city featuring hybrid teas, ¯oribundas and polyanthas. Israel

Wohl Rose Park of Jerusalem 91101 Jerusalem, Municipality of Jerusalem and the Jerusalem Foundation In this garden species roses, historic roses, climbers and modern varieties (15 000 plants, 400 varieties in 6 ha) are imaginatively displayed. They are best viewed in May. The park is laid out in a natural way, with hills, grottos, ponds, a waterfall and natural rock faces. It includes a `Garden of Nations' where each section has been donated by a different country, province or city. Each section has a special feature and a representative collection of roses from the respective country. Ramat Hanadiv Rothschild Foundation, 30900 Zichron Yaakov Ramat Hanadiv spreads out to the south of picturesque Zichron Yaakov. At the heart of the park are the Memorial Gardens, the burial site of Baron Edmond Rothschild and his wife, Baroness Adelaide. The area contains several individual sections: the Cascade, the Rose, the Fragrance and Palm Gardens and an Entrance Court, each with its own distinctive vegetation and design character. Together they create a rich ¯oral kaleidoscope. A visit to the Memorial Gardens is only part of the year-round attractions of Ramat Hanadiv. Nature trails and archaeological sites are located in the nature reserve. There are 1000 plants in 0.1 ha.

ROSE COLLECTIONS AND TRIALS/Rose Collections and Herbaria Italy

Roseto Comunale Marcia 7-8, Via di Valle, Rome The garden is about 1.4 ha containing a wonderful mixture of species roses, historic roses, climbers and modern varieties; there are 1200 plants plus 350 varieties on rose trials. Best viewing times are May±June and September±October. Il Roseto Niso Fumagalli Villa Reale, I-20052 Monza This wonderful garden, founded by Associazione Italiana della Rosa and established in 1964, has 3000 plants (mainly modern with some species and old garden roses) in 1 ha. It is home to now famous annual International Rose Trials. Best viewed in late May and June. Closed July and August. Il Roseto di Nervi Villa Grimaldi Villa Grimaldi, Via Capolungo 9, I-16167 Genoa Principally recurrent blooming varieties, 7000 rose bushes are displayed on 1 ha, best viewed from the end of April to the middle of June. Il Roseto di Cavriglia I-52022 Cavriglia, Arezzo The garden is privately administered by La Fondazione Carla Fineschi. Professor Gianfranco Fineschi started collecting roses 30 years ago and today he has one of the world's largest private collections: more than 7000 varieties, each represented by a single plant. Originally planted between 1850 and 1910 the garden featured many cultivars that were no longer in commerce or were in danger of being lost. Professor Fineschi established and revived the garden, beginning in 1967. In this living museum the genus Rosa is presented from an historical and a botanical point of view. Species, subspecies and later hybrids are systematically presented, while climbers and ramblers form walls between the scienti®c divisions. Many of the beds of modern varieties are grouped according to their hybridizers. In this garden overlooking the hills of Tuscany one may trace the history of the rose from antiquity to the present day while marvelling at the beauty of the garden itself. Prime viewing is May±June and September. Il Roseto di Valleranello Via Darwin 300, I-00134 Roma Private garden containing 1300 species roses, historic roses, climbers and modern roses on 1.3 ha. Wonderful landscaping of roses with trees. By appointment; best viewed in May±June. Le Rose della Ginestrella San Egidio, Perugia

`La Ginestrella', I-06070

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Privately administered. Species roses, historic roses, climbers and modern roses are displayed: there are 3000 plants on 1.5 ha. By appointment; best viewed May±June and September. Santa Maria I-06058 San Terenziano Privately administered by Mr and Mrs Andre Brichet. Species roses, historic roses, climbers (about 600), old roses only. By appointment only. Il Roseto dell'Orto Botanico Largo Cristina di Svezia 24, I-00165 Roma A historical rose garden, belonging to L'UniversitaÁ `La Sapienza', Dipartimento di Biologia Vegetale, on 0.8 ha. Best in May, June and September; open all year except August, Sundays and public holidays. Japan

Yubari City Rose Garden Takamatsu, Yubari City, Hokkaido 068-04 Well over 20 000 rose bushes planted on 2 ha. Best viewed in July and September. Rose Garden Chizaki 22-35 Fushimi, Chuo-ku, Sapporo City, Hokkaido 064 This privately administered rose garden located on a hillside is about 1.8 ha. Best viewed June±July and September±October. Nakajima-Park, Hyakka-en Nakajima Koen, Chuoku Chuo-ku, Sapporo City, Hokkaido 064 This city-administered 1 ha rose garden has about 2000 rose bushes. Best viewed in July and September. Hakodate Rose Hill Rose Garden 144 Higashiyama-Cho, Hakodate City, Hokkaido Privately administered rose garden with 6000 bushes, mostly modern, on 0.5 ha with a focal centroid of a hugh ¯oral clock. Kacho Keikoku Rose Garden Utarubenosato, Towadako-Machi, Aomori Privately administered garden on 33 ha featuring over 20 000 roses (species and old garden roses). This is the largest rose garden in Japan. Best viewed in July and September. Hanamaki-Onsen Rose Garden 1-58-1 Yumotodai, Hanamaki City, Iwate 025-03 Privately administered garden, with 4000 roses on 1.7 ha. Best viewed June±July and September± October.

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ROSE COLLECTIONS AND TRIALS/Rose Collections and Herbaria

Yokote Park Rose Garden Matsuzaki, Aza Shirotsuki, Yokote City, Akita 013 This city-administered rose garden has about 3000 roses planted on 0.3 ha. Best viewed in June and September. Higashizawa Park Rose Garden 1-3-6 Chuo, Murayama, Murayama City, Yamagata 995 This city garden has 15 000 rose bushes on 1.5 ha. Best viewed in June and September. Ibaragi Prefectural Flower Park 200 Shimoaoyanagi, Yasato-Machi, Ibaragi 315-01 Town-administered garden boasts of 30 000 rose bushes on 2 ha, specializing in climbers. Best viewed in June and October.

Kanagawa Prefectural Ofuna Botanical Garden 1018 Okamoto, Kamakura City, Kanagawa 247 Wonderful collection of 60 species (1000 plants) on 0.1 ha. Best viewed in May and October. Shimada Rose-Hill Park 1652-1 Noda, Shimada City, Shizuoka This city-maintained garden has 8000 plants on 0.4 ha; roses can be enjoyed throughout the year in the the greenhouses. Best viewed in May and October. Hamamatsu City Flower Park 195 KanzanjiMachi, Hamamatsu City, Shizuoka 432-12 This city garden showcases almost 2000 bushes on 0.3 ha. Best viewed May±June and October± November.

Igashira Park 99 Shimokagoya, Mooka City, Tochigi 321-44 Administered by the Prefecture, this garden has 1500 roses on 0.5 ha. Best viewed May±June and October.

Higashiyama Zoo and Botanical Garden 3-70 Higashiyama-Motomachi, Chigusa-ku, Nagoya City, Aochi 464 City-maintained rose garden featuring mostly ¯oribundas; about 1000 plants on 0.2 ha.

Shikishima Park Rose Garden Shikishima-Machi, Maebashi City, Gunma 371 City-administered garden with 2000 roses on 4.5 ha. Best viewed in June and October.

Tsuruma Park Tsuruma 1-Chome, Showa-ku, Nagoya City, Aichi 466 This city rose garden has 6000 roses planted on 0.6 ha. Best viewed May±June and October.

Keisei Rose Nurseries Inc. 755 Owada-Shimden, Yachio City, Chiba 755 Private rose garden with 5500 plants on 10 ha. This is biggest rose nursery in Japan.

Flower Festival Commemorative Park 1584-1 Seta, Kani-city, Gifu-Prefecture 509-0213 This magni®cent rose garden under the patronage of the Governor of Gifu has 41 000 plants (1250 varieties) in 80.7 ha. It is home to annual International Rose Trials.

Hibiya Park Rose Garden Hibiya-Koen, Chiyodaku, Tokyo 100 This small but delightful oasis in the heart of Tokyo is maintained by the Prefecture. There are 500 wellmaintained plants on just 0.05 ha.

Kyoto Botanical Garden Hanmoku-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto City, Kyoto 606 This Prefecture-sponsored rose garden is 2.5 ha in extent with 2000 roses.

Tokyo Metropolitan Jindai Botanical Park 5-31-10 Jindaiji, Chofu City, Tokyo 182 The Japan Rose Concours is held in this 1.2 ha rose garden with 5000 plants. Best viewed in May and October.

Peace Rose Garden 1-1 Senri-Banpaku-Koen, Suita City, Osaka 565 Built as the rose garden of the Osaka Exposition of 1970, the garden is now maintained by the Japan Rose Society and has 5400 roses on 0.6 ha.

Mukogaoka-Yuen Rose Garden Nagao, Tama-ku, Kawasaki City, Kanagawa 044 This privately administered 1 ha garden with 20 000 bushes has 1000 varieties including species and climbers. Best viewed May±June and October± November.

Hirakata Park Rose Garden 1-1 HirakatakoenMachi, Hirakata City, Osaka 573 This privately administered rose garden is about 1 ha with 5000 bushes representing 1000 varieties, mainly species and old garden roses. Best viewed May±June and October±November.

ROSE COLLECTIONS AND TRIALS/Rose Collections and Herbaria

Itami City Aramaki Rose Park Aza Matsubama, Aramaki, Itami City, Osaka 664 The city-maintained rose garden has 10 000 roses on 1.7 ha. Hyogo Prefecture Flower Centre 128201 Iimori, Toyokura-Machi, Kasai City, Osaka 679-01 Society-maintained garden of 0.3 ha with 4700 plants. Himeji Rose Garden 2222 Toyotomi, ToyotomiMachi, Himeji City, Hyogo 679-21 Privately administered garden with 4000 plants (1200 varieties) on 0.2 ha. R.S.K. Rose Garden 1592-1 Natsukawa, Okayama City, Okayama 701-01 This privately administered garden has a circular design featuring 25 000 rose bushes on 3 ha.

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The Netherlands

Westbroekpark The Hague, Municipality of The Hague This world-famous rose trial ground boasts 20 000 rose bushes in mass display beds (300 varieties). The 5-ha site with its layout and charm is a marvellous tribute to the rose. New Zealand

Gardens abound in New Zealand and almost every city, town and hamlet has a small rose garden that the local rose society actively maintains. Due to space restrictions many gardens have been omitted from the following list, but they remain a testimony to the love of roses by the citizens. Takapuna Rose Garden Anzac Street, Takapuna Garden features 630 rose bushes. Belmont Rose Garden Lake Road, Belmont There are 600 rose bushes.

Hiroshima Botanical Garden 495 Kurashige 3Chome, Saeki-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima 731-51 City garden features 1000 species and old garden roses on 0.1 ha.

Botanic Gardens and Auckland Regional Trial Grounds Hill Road, Manurewa There are 200 roses in the Botanic Gardens and 4500 in the Trial Grounds.

Rose Park Hanazono-Machi 1-Chome, Fukuyama City, Hiroshima 720 This city rose garden has 4500 rose plants on 1.5 ha.

Morrinsville Rose Gardens Morehouse Street, Morrinsville Gardens with almost 2000 rose bushes in mass displays.

Kashii Flower Garden 7-2-1 Kasumigaoka, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka 813 A privately administered garden with 3000 bushes on 0.3 ha. Its main feature is a large pergola of roses. Miyazaki Kodomono±Kuni Rose Garden 7275-1 Aza Matsuzoe, Oaza Kaeda, Miyazaki City, Miyazaki Prefecture A privately administered garden of 5000 roses on 0.2 ha. Luxembourg

Merl Park City of Luxembourg This city rose garden has about 3000 species and old garden roses. Best viewed in June. Mondorf Rosegarden Mondorf City and Domaine Thermal Administered by Domaine Thermal and Mondorf City, this rose garden was viewed by the delegates to the WFRS World Rose Conference in 1997 during Opening Ceremonies.

Rogers Rose Garden Cobham Drive, Hamilton Established in 1969 to celebrate the ®rst World Rose Convention in the Hamilton Botanic Gardens (a 58-ha site), this garden has approximately 4500 roses planted in 2 ha, mainly in large informal beds for mass effect. In 2000 Hamilton City Council in agreement with Rose Introducers of New Zealand named this garden the permanent home of the `Rose of The Year' trial held for many years previously in Auckland Regional Botanical Gardens. Best viewed in October. Te Awamutu Rose Garden Gorst Avenue off Highway, Te Awamutu Well maintained by the local rose society, the 2500 bushes are examples of roses growing exceptionally well. King Edward Rose Garden High Street, Hawera About 300 rose bushes are on display. Dugald McKenzie Rose Garden and International Trial Grounds Park Road, Palmerston North Established in 1969 this garden is home to the world-renowned International Trial Grounds

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ROSE COLLECTIONS AND TRIALS/Rose Collections and Herbaria

administered by Palmerston North under the auspices of the National Rose Society of New Zealand to test roses from abroad as well as of domestic origin. The trial garden is situated in the Dugald McKenzie Rose Garden, part of the city's 25-ha esplanade of garden, trees, shrubs and parkland. Lady Norwood Rose Garden Glenmore Street, Wellington Situated within Wellington Botanic Gardens, this rose garden opened in 1953 covering an area of 4500 m2 in a spectacular circular formal design featuring about 2000 modern roses as well as 1200 miniatures with climbers elegantly draped over the outer perimeter strucure. Bolton Street Cemetery Kinross Street, Wellington Old garden roses and Noisettes, are the speciality here. Queen Elizabeth Park Rose Garden Dixon Street, Masterton This garden features about 800 modern roses. Frimley Rose Garden Frimley Avenue, Hastings There are almost 4000 roses in this ®ne garden. Kennedy Park Rose Garden Kennedy Park, Napier Another proud rose garden, this has 4000 bushes supported by the local society. Murray Linton Rose Garden Fenton Park, Trigg Avenue, Rotorua About 1500 rose bushes are on display. Whangarei Rose Garden Water Street, Whangarei A small but attractive rose garden with 700 plants. Centennial Rose Garden Pollard Park, Parker Street, Blenheim There are mass plantings of 1500 rose bushes. Mona Vale Fendalton Road, Christchurch In this small but beautiful garden planted in 1970 there are approximately 300 bushes, standards and climbers adorning walls, niches and beds. In 1991 the gardens were redesigned in preparation for the 1994 World Rose Convention. A total of 17 beds, arches, pillars, raised miniature beds, a computerized watering system and new soil all attributed to the specular condition of the garden maintained by the Canterbury Rose Society. Trevor Grif®ths Historical Garden of Heritage Roses Main Highway, Temuka An oasis for lovers of old garden roses and species.

Public Gardens Severn Street, Oamaru Attractive garden featuring about 700 modern roses and 200 Miniatures. Botanic Garden Great King Street, Dunedin A collection of 1500 roses. Queen's Park Gala Street, Invercargill A beautiful collection of 3000 rose plants. Samuels Rose Garden Broadgreen Park, Nayland Road, Stoke An attractive collection of 2800 bushes. Norway

Tomb Rose Garden Tomb, N-1640 Raade Designed in 1990 to be a living rose catalogue of old garden roses for Nordic climates, administered by the Norwegian Rose Society, this garden has 2000 rose bushes, modern roses, historic roses, and climbers. This is a well-maintained garden in which all the roses are clearly labelled and a host to rose trials. Best viewed in July. Rosariet NLH Postbox 5022, N-1430 Aas Administered by the Agricultural College at Aas, this garden has a collection of 2000 species. Best viewed in July. Frogner Parken Rosegarden Kingos Gate 17, N0457 Oslo This well-maintained garden is supervised by the Oslo Park Institution, and contains about 800 modern rose bushes. It is also home to a rose trial ground. Best viewed in July. Pakistan

Gulab Bagh Islamabad Established in 1992 in the very heart of the city and administered by the Pakistan National Rose Society, this garden has 12 000 rose bushes planted for mass display (170 varieties) using a pleasing architectural design on 2 ha. The ®ne collection of modern roses is a ®tting tribute to roses and the city. Best viewed end of March to mid May. Rose and Jasmine Garden Islamabad About 8000 rose bushes are on display in a garden supervised by the Capital Development Authority. Best viewed early March to mid-May. Gulistan-e-Fatima Jinnah Lahore This garden is administered by Lahore Municipal Corporation. Best viewed from early March to the end of April.

ROSE COLLECTIONS AND TRIALS/Rose Collections and Herbaria

Cantonment Garden Multan This garden, supported by Multan Cantonment Board, has 4500 roses planted in neat beds for mass display. Best viewed early March to the end of April. Poland

Stacja Doswiadczalna Ochrony Roslin Plant Protection Station, Srem Polska, 63-100 Srem WoÂjtostwo Administered by COBO ± Research Centre for Cultivars, this garden is the repository of a reference rose collection for plant breeders' rights and registrations of cultivars in Poland. Best viewed June 15±30 and August±September. Research Institute of Pomology and Floriculture Ul. Warynskiego 14, 96-100 Skierniewice. Administered by the Research Institute of Pomology and Floriculture in Skierniewice, this garden has 2500 rose bushes (250 varieties) planted in 0.3 ha. It is noted for its work in the evaluation of rose cultivars for fungus disease susceptibility. Best viewed in June. Didactic Collection, Agricultural University in Poznan Ul. Dabrowskiego 159, 60-594 Poznan This large collection of 6000 roses (700 varieties) on 0.8 ha is administered by the Department of Ornamental Plants. Best viewed June 15±30 and August± September. Didactic Collection, Agricultural University in Lublin Ul. Leszczynskiego 58, 20-032 Lublin Administered by the Department of Ornamental Plants, this garden has approximately 2500 plants (250 varieties) on 6 ha. Best viewed June 15±30 and August±September. Rosarium WojewoÂdzki Park Kultury im gen. Jerzego Zietka Ul. Katowicka 2, 41-501 ChorzoÂw This rose garden was initiated by the Polish Rose Society in 1964 and opened in 1968. It now contains about 40 000 rose bushes, mostly modern hybrids, on 1 ha of land in a 17-ha rosarium site. Best viewed June 15±30 and August±September. Rosarium Cytadela Ul. Za Cytadela 1a, 61-663 Poznan There are almost 23 000 roses (150 varieties) in a 5-ha rosarium with approx. 0.5 ha of rose beds. Best viewed June 15±30 and August±September. Romania

Rosariul Gradinii Botanice Gradina Dumbrava R. 9, RO-6600 Iasi

Botanica,

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The largest rose garden in Romania, this is administered by the University of Iasi. The garden has 10 000 rose bushes on 1.55 ha, mostly species, old garden roses and climbers. Best viewed in June and July. Rosariul Gradinii Botanice Gradina Botanica, RO-3400 Cluj Approx. 2000 species, historic roses and climbers on 0.2 hectares is garden is supervised by the University of Sc., best viewed June and July. Rosariul Statiunea Pomicola C.P. 1-86, RO-3400 Cluj This garden has approx. 3500 roses, mostly modern Hybrid Teas, Floribundas, groundcovers and some climbers; it is administered by Statiunea Pomicola, Cluj. There are trial grounds for domestic rose breeding programmes. Best viewed in June±July. Rosariul Institutul de Cercetare pt Legumicultura si Floricultura RO-8268 Vidra/Sai This garden has 5500 plants representing 170 varieties, mainly new Hybrid Teas and Floribundas. It is administered by Institutul de Cercetare pt Legumicultura si Floricultura. Best viewed May±June and August±September. Rosariul Complexul Muzeal de Stiintele Naturii Domneasca 91, RO-6200 Galati Mainly new varieties, Hybrid Teas, Floribundas, Polyanthas, Shrubs and Climbers, are represented in the 2500 plants of 150 varieties on 0.4 ha, administered by Complexul Muzeal de Stiintele Naturii. Best viewed from the end of May±July. Slovakia

ArboreÂtum Borova Hora The Technical University in Zvolen, 960 53 Zvolen Administered by the Technical University in Zvolen, the arboretum is 48 ha in extent with a rose garden of 700 bushes mainly representing species and hardy old garden roses. Best viewed in mid-June. South Africa

Travelling the Wine Route in the Western Cape, one ®nds roses planted at every vineyard. There are well-kept gardens at Vergelegen, Somerset West, Stellenberg, Claremont and Rustenberg, and Stellenbosch. The most popularly grown variety is

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ROSE COLLECTIONS AND TRIALS/Rose Collections and Herbaria

the ¯oribunda `Iceberg' as bushes, climbers and standards. Ludwig's Rose Farm Ludwig Taschner, P.O. Box 28165, Sunnyside 0132 A wonderful collection of 1000 modern roses and old garden roses featuring many of the newer varieties from German, British and American breeders. Best viewed October±June. Johannesburg Botanical Garden Thomas Bowler Street, Emmarentia, Johannesburg Large rose beds planted in terraces, with 100 varieties in mass displays. Best viewed from October to the end of May. Robert Jameson Park Montpelier Street, Durban An interesting collection of about 150 varieties of Hybrid Teas in a tropical landscape setting. Best viewed mid-September to June. Alexandra Park Commercial Road, Pietermaritzburg A rose park developed in the city centre. All the varieties are named after a place or a city. Durbanville Rose Garden N1 motorway (25 km from Cape Town) An outstanding rose garden with about 7000 rose bushes featuring trial grounds for varieties yet to be released in South Africa. Special attention has been paid to miniature roses by devoting a sunken garden in a circular design to showcasing many of the world's top miniature varieties. Best viewed from midOctober to May. Duncan's Roses at Arieskraal Farm Grabouw, Cape Town 7160 A beautifully landscaped show garden of several hundred varieties, set amid huge apple orchards. Best viewed from the end of October to May. Freshwoods Elgin, Cape Privately administered by Peter and Barbara Knox-Shaw, this rose garden with about 500 varieties an abundance of trees and other plants in a natural setting and is an oasis for any rose travellers to visit. Best viewed in early November. By appointment only. Sonskyn Rose Nursery De Doorns, Boland Set between vineyards with majestic mountains as a backdrop, this garden displays 300 varieties.

City of Bloemfontein Bloemfontein, Orange Free State Roses are planted in most major traf®c islands, in every park and in the gardens of museums, schools and government institutions. Best viewed from the second half of October to early May. Sweden

GoÈteborgs Rosarium TraÈdgaÊrdsfoÈreningen, Box 225, 401 23 GoÈteborg Established in 1987 and administered by the GoÈteborgs FritidsfoÈrvaltning (GoÈteborg Community), this rose garden occupies 1 ha featuring about 7000 plants (2700 varieties) with an emphasis on old garden roses and species. Also includes a substantial rose library. Best viewed June±July. Fredriksdal, Helsingborgs Museum Box 1283, 251 12 Helsingborg Administered by the Helsingborgs Community, this garden has approx. 1800 rose bushes (450 varieties) on 0.5 ha, with a speciality in old garden roses. Best viewed June±July. Rosarium NorrkoÈping UtstaÈllningsvaÈgen 28, Himmelstalundsskdan, 602 36 NorrkoÈping This rose garden contains 350 plants (300 varieties) on 1 ha supervised by the Himmelstalund School of Horticulture. Best viewed in June±July. Switzerland

Parc de la Grange GeneÁve Quai de Colony, CH1211 GeneÁve 2 This world-famous rose garden opened in 1947 by the City of GeneÁve, situated on the lakeside, has about 12 000 plants (modern and old garden roses) on 1 ha. International Rose Trials have been held there since 1948. Best viewed in June and September. Blind Fragrance Rose Garden Schanze, CH-8640 Rapperswil Supported by Verkehrs- und VerschoÈnerungsverein Rapperswil, the rose garden is about 1600 m2 and contains about 1500 fragrant roses; rose markers are also in Braille. Best viewed in June. Rosengarten beim Einsiedlerhaus Endingerstrasse, CH-8640 Rapperswil In this old historic town, administered by Verkehrsund VerschoÈnerungsverein Rapperswil, this small rose garden has 1200 plants on 200 m2, featuring species and old garden roses. Best viewed in June.

ROSE COLLECTIONS AND TRIALS/Rose Collections and Herbaria

Schlossgarten Heidegg Schloss Heidegg, CH-6284 Gel®ngen The Baroque-style garden, administered by Kanton Luzern, contains 1500 plants representing about 500 varieties on 1000 m2. Rose Gardens Kartause Ittingen Stiftung Kartause Ittingen, CH-8532 Warth/TG On the site of a Carthusian monastery founded in 1461 (now a Cultural Centre), this rose garden is on 2.3 ha with 750 plants, modern and old garden roses. Rosengarten Feldbachareal Gemeindeverwaltung, CH-8266 Steckborn/TG An ancient refectory is surrounded by the rose garden, on the Untersee. There are 1500 plants on 4200 m2. Arboretum du Vallon de l'Aubonne±Wildroses Association de l'Arboretum, En Plan, CH-1170 Aubonne A unique collection of wild roses from Europe, Asia and America (100 plants). Roseraie du Jardin Botanique ChambeÂsy 1 chemin de l'ImpeÂratrice, CH-1292 ChambeÂsy Unique display of old garden roses and species sponsored by the City of Geneva. Roseraie du Jardin Botanique Porrentruy 22 route de Fontenais, CH-2900 Porrentruy Formal monastery garden maintained by the MuseÂe Jurassien des Sciences Naturelles. United Kingdom

Rose gardens abound in England where the rose is the most loved ¯ower in the land. ENGLAND The Gardens of the Rose The Royal National Rose Society, Chiswell Green, St Albans, Herts AL2 3NR This major rose garden has about 30 000 plants on 11 ha featuring roses of all types including emphasis on rose trails, a special tribute to `Peace' and its descendants, miniatures, shrubs, climbers and old garden roses, all in massive display beds. Best viewed from mid-June to mid-October. Mottisfont Abbey 2 Oakley Road, Mottisfont, Romsey, Hants SO5 1LQ Operated by The National Trust, the rose garden is a landscaping marvel featuring 1500 old garden roses

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in 0.6 ha surrounding a magni®cient old abbey. Best viewed in June and July. Queen Mary Rose Garden Regents Park, London Established as a tribute to Queen Mary, the rose garden is impeccably maintained by The Royal Parks, London. It features 15 000 modern rose bushes in wonderful mass display beds in 0.93 ha. Best viewed June to October. Royal Horticultural Society Wisley, Ripley, Woking, Surrey GU23 6QB Within the vast gardens maintained by the Royal Horticultural Society at Wisley, the rose garden features mostly modern roses in classical beds with small box hedges. There are about 5000 roses neatly displayed in several gardens. Woburn Abbey Woburn, Bedfordshire MK17 9WA The Duchess's rose garden includes mass displays of `Iceberg'. Manor Farm Little Horwood, Winslow, Bucks (north east of Winslow off A413) As well as wide variety of roses, this garden has a hosta border and wild-¯ower meadow. Elton Hall Elton, Peterborough, Cambs PE8 6SH A ®ne collection of old garden roses is displayed here. Arley Hall Great Budworth, Northwich, Cheshire CWg 6NA This garden has Hybrid Teas, shrubs and species roses. David Austin Roses Bowling Green Lane, Albrighton, Staffs, WV7 3HB Over 900 varieties of hybrid teas, shrubs, climbers, species and old garden roses are grown at this specialist nursery. Haddon Hall Bakewell, Derbyshire (2 miles south of Bakewell on the A6) The walls of the sixteenth-century hall are covered with an extensive collection of climbers and ramblers. Royal Horticultural Society Garden at Hyde Hall Rettendon, Chelmsford, Essex CM3 8ET A wide assortment of roses of all kinds is on display.

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ROSE COLLECTIONS AND TRIALS/Rose Collections and Herbaria

Kiftsgate Court Gardens Chipping Campden, (Gloucestershire), GL55 6LW This garden is famous for its roses, especially ®lipes `Kiftsgate'. Hidcote Manor Garden Hidcote, Chipping Campden, Glos A National Trust property, famous for old garden roses. Best viewed in June. Hat®eld House Hat®eld, Herts Seventeenth century gardens restored to their former beauty. NORTHERN IRELAND City of Belfast International Rose Garden Upper Malone Road, Belfast Situated in a park setting this 4-ha garden has 20 000 rose bushes comprising species roses, historic roses and moderns. Trials grounds were established in 1964. In the late 1980s the gardens were completely redesigned, offering a series of circular rose beds skilfully integrated into the hillside landscaping. Formally opened for viewing in 1990, this garden has quickly gained a high reputation and deserved the award by WFRS in 2000 of `Garden Plaque of Merit' for a spectacular and dramatic tribute to roses. Best viewed midJuly to mid-August. SCOTLAND Tollcross Rose Garden Tollcross, City of Glasgow Established in 1989, this city rose garden occupies about 1 ha on a sloping hillside with the design for the rose beds representing rose petals unfurling to provide an absolutely beautiful display. International rose trials are held in this parkland setting every August. The garden has about 10 000 plants. United States of America

There are so many public rose gardens located within the 50 states that the selection below is only a very small representation. A note a after a garden name denotes an All-America Rose Selections (AARS) display. a

Bellingrath Gardens 12401 Bellingrath Gardens Road, Theodore, AL 36582 3500 plants, 50 varieties. Descanso Gardens Rose Garden Drive, La Canada, CA 91011 600 plants. a

a

1418 Descanso

Exposition Park Rose Garden 701 State Drive, Los Angeles, CA 90037 15 000 plants, 145 varieties.

Tournament of Roses Wrigley Gardena 391 South Orange Grove Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91184 Headquarters for the Pasadena Tournament of Roses Association which holds the world-famous `Rose Parade' each New Year's Day. 1500 plants, 100 varieties. Golden Gate Park Rose Gardena Golden Gate Park, Section 7, San Francisco, CA 94117 1650 plants, 130 varieties. San Jose Municipal Rose Gardena Avenues, San Jose, CA 95112 5000 plants, 184 varieties.

Naglee and Dana

Huntington Library, Art Collections and Botanical Gardens 1151 Oxford Road, San Marino, CA 91108 4000 plants, 2000 varieties. A.C. Postal Memorial Rose Gardena bio, Santa Barbara, CA 93103 1200 plants, 150 varieties.

555 Plaza Ru-

Rose Hills Pageant of Roses Gardena 3900 South Workman Mill Road, Whittier, CA 90601 Home to AARS Trails, ARS Award of Excellence Miniature Rose Trails, and most recently International Rose Trials initiated in 2000. The `Elegy Garden of Remembrance' is mass planted in red and white roses, bushes and standards. 7000 plants, 600 varieties. Longmount Memorial Rose Gardena Roosevelt Park, 700 Longs Peak, Longmount, CO 80501 Reported to be the oldest public rose garden in the United States. 1300 plants, 90 varieties. Elizabeth Park Rose Gardena Prospect Avenue and Asylum Avenue, Hartford, CT 06119 15 000 plants, 800 varieties. Atlanta Botanical Rose Gardena the Prado, Atlanta, GA 30309 335 plants, 55 varieties.

Piedmont Park at

Kentucky Memorial Rose Gardena Lane, Louisville, KY 40209 1600 plants, 120 varieties.

937 Phillips

American Rose Center a 8877 Jefferson-Paige Road, Shreveport, LA 71119 Home of the American Rose Society, with 20 000 roses planted in 60 beds within a wooded landscape

ROSE COLLECTIONS AND TRIALS/Rose Collections and Herbaria

681

complete with fountains, sculpture and a church for weddings.

is near the downtown area and has about 3000 roses (50 varieties).

Stanley Parka 400 Western Avenue, West®eld, MA 01085 2500 plants, 50 varieties.

Hershey Gardensa 170 Hotel Road, Box 416, Hershey, PA 17033 10 000 plants, 260 varieties.

Lyndale Park Municipal Rose Gardena 4125 East Lake Harriet Parkway, Minneapolis, MN 55409 3000 plants, over 150 varieties.

Longwood Gardensa Department of Horticulture, Box 501, Kennett Square, PA 19348 950 plants, 95 varieties.

Hattiesburg Area Rose Society Gardena University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS 1600 plants, 40 varieties.

Tyler Municipal Rose Gardena 420 South Rose Park Drive, Tyler, TX 75702 Home to an annual rose parade with a great garden displaying 30 000 plants, 400 varieties.

Missoula Memorial Rose Gardena Brooks Streets, Missoula, MT 59807 1180 plants, 75 varieties.

Blaine and

Prospect Park Rose Gardena 8205 Apache Avenue Northeast, Albuquerque, NM 87110 1100 plants, 225 varieties. Queens Botanical Gardena Flushing, NY 11355 7000 plants, 85 varieties.

43-50 Main Street,

The Biltmore Estatesa North Park Square, Asheville, NC 28801 2000 plants, 100 varieties. Columbus Park of Rosesa 3923 North High Street, Columbus, OH 43214 10 669 plants, 558 varieties. Tulsa Municipal Rose Gardena Woodward Park, 21st and Peoria, Tulsa, OK 74114 9000 plants, 291 varieties. Corvallis Rose Gardena Avery Park, Corvallis, OR 97330 1400 plants, 350 varieties. Portland International Rose Test Gardena 400 Southwest Kingston Avenue, Portland, OR 97201 The City of Portland is world famous for its rose gardens. Washington Park is the largest of three rose gardens (1.8 ha with some 10 000 roses, 450 varieties) within the site and hosts annual international rose trials. Established in 1917, it is one of the oldest rose gardens in the United States. The Peninsula Park Garden, initiated in 1909, is a sunken design featuring about 9000 roses. Finally Ladd's Addition

All-America Rose Selections Gardena Boulevard Drive, Alexandria, VA 850 plants, over 50 varieties.

7931 East

Norfolk Botanical Gardens Azalea Garden Road, Norfolk, VA 23518 4000 plants, 300 varieties. Woodland Park Rose Gardena Aveune North, Seattle, WA 98103 4850 plants, 264 varieties.

5500 Phinney

Boerner Botanical Gardena 5879 South, 92nd Street, Hales Corner, WI 53130 Over 4000 plants, over 500 varieties. Uruguay

Rosaleda del Prado (Prado Municipal Rose Garden) Avenida Buschental, Montevideo Operated by the municipal authorities of Montevideo, this garden was founded in 1912 and has beautiful Art Nouveau metallic structures and rose plants imported from France. It is about 1 ha in size with 1000 rose plants including some old garden roses. See also: History of Roses in Cultivation: Ancient Chinese Roses; European (Pre-1800); Modern (Post-1800). Rose Collections and Trials: Rose Societies; Awards.

Further Reading Beales P (1985) Classic Roses. London: Harvill Press. Cairns T (ed.) (2000) Modern Roses: The World Encyclopedia of Roses, 11th edn. San Diego, CA: Academic Press. KruÈssman G (1986) Rosen, Rosen, Rosen, 2nd edn. Berlin: Verlag Paul Parey.