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Semantic verbal fluency test for animals in former alcoholics
S440
Presentations P2
required some assistance with ADL reminders, and MCI cases displayed similar resource utilization to AD cases in domains such as food delivery services and GP visits. Examination of dependence offers a complementary measure, which can be coupled with cognitive, clinical, and biological endpoints to better understand disease progression and impact of potential interventions.
P2-402
SEMANTIC VERBAL FLUENCY TEST FOR ANIMALS IN FORMER ALCOHOLICS
Emilio Herrera Junior1, Fabio Limonte1, Jessica Rodrigues1, Gustavo Herrera1, 1Faculty of Medicine of Catanduva, Catanduva, Brazil. Background: A semantic verbal fluency (SVF) requires the generation of a certain category of words in a predetermined time of 60 seconds. The aim of the present study was to assess the verbal production in a group of 30 individuals former alcoholics with no less than five years without drink alcohol. The data obtained were compared with the control group composed by the same number of people matched for age, sex, and education who were not alcoholics. Methods: The former alcoholics group was recruited in a therapy grouped called Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) in the city of Catanduva, S~ao Paulo-Brazil, all in active life and no complaints of memory loss. The former alcoholic group was underwent a battery of neuropsychological tests and one of the items of the survey was the semantic fluency for animals. The same tests were applied in the control group. The age of individuals ranged from 40 to 68 years with an average of 54 years. Results: The SVF obtained in the group of former drinkers had an average of 8.2 animals with minimum 2 and maximum of 14. In the control group the mean was 14.3 with a minimum 10 and maximum of 18. Conclusions: The semantic fluency for animals is linked to temporal lobe function, structure often affected when there is alcohol abuse. In the present study had a lower fluency in the group of former alcoholics when compared with the control group, suggesting that the neurological damage still persist after a long period of alcohol abstinence.
P2-403
COMPARISON OF JAPANESE AND CHINESE STUDENT’S PERCEPTION TO THE PERSON WITH DEMENTIA
Ryuji Kobayashi1, Kazuki Hirao2, Mariko Kobayashi3, 1Kibi international University, Takahashi-city, Okayama, Japan; 2Kibi International University, Takahashi-city, Okayama, Japan; 3Watanabe hospital, Niimi-city, Okayama, Japan. Background: The foreign workers have increased in Japan, and almost half of them are Chinese. Chinese workers have gradually increased in the nursing facility and hospital. We think that the perception to the dementia might influences dealing with the person with dementia. The purpose of this study is to compare differences of student’s perception to the person who has dementia between Japanese and Chinese. Methods: The subjects were Japanese and Chinese students in department of social welfare, business communication and environmental management respectively. Perception to the person with dementia was evaluated by the semantic differential method using 19 pair of bipolar adjectives such as “quick - slow”. Students were requested to rate the perception by five scores from 1 to 5 (Score 3 is a neutral) after obtaining informed consent. Scores from each item of adjective pair were compared between Japanese and Chinese students using Mann-Whitney’s U test. Further, an average score of each factor was calculated and compared. Results: The questionnaire data from 44 Japanese and 48 Chinese were analyzed. On the eight adjectives pair (quick-slow, cheerful-gloomy, amiable-unsociable, active-passive, showy-plain, favoritedisgusting, quiet-noisy, sensitive-insensitive), data from Japanese student showed remarkably tend to score of neutral. Factor analysis identified char-
acteristics of student’s perception to the person with dementia and revealed two factors:"activeness" and “gentle”. The mean score of “activeness” from Japanese student was significantly more positive than Chinese. On the other hand, the mean score of “gentle” from Chinese student was significantly more positive than Japanese. Conclusions: It has been known that the accurate knowledge will promote the perception to the person with dementia as “neutral or positive”. Therefore, it is thought that the Chinese students had less chance to encounter person who has dementia. We hope that our finding would be useful to programming more appropriate implementation for job education.
P2-404
RACIAL DIFFERENCES IN THE RECOGNITION OF COGNITIVE DYSFUNCTION IN OLDER PERSONS
Erin Kornsey1, Barry Rovner2, Robin Casten2, 1Worldwide Clinical Trials, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania, United States; 2Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. Background: The influence of race and education on informants’ reports of cognitive decline in community-residing older persons who were receiving services from senior health agencies was examined in a recent study. An expert consensus panel made diagnoses of normal cognition, cognitive impairment no dementia (CIND), and dementia based on clinical evaluations and standardized neuropsychological testing (using both population and raceadjusted norms). Informants were interviewed using the Informant Questionnaire for Cognitive Decline in the Elderly (IQCODE). Methods: The sample was comprised of 252 community-residing older persons who were receiving services from community-based senior social and health service agencies: 161 (63.9%) were white and 86 (34.1%) were black. The agencies included senior centers, senior residences, home care networks, a primary care geriatrics clinic, and adult daycare centers. Results: The consensus panel diagnostic classification of white participants was: NC (n ¼ 36; 22.4%); CIND (n ¼ 62; 38.5%); dementia (n ¼ 53; 32.9 %); and indeterminate diagnosis (n ¼ 10; 6.2 %). In black participants the distribution was NC (n ¼ 10; 11.6 %); CIND by population norms (n ¼ 57; 66.3%); dementia (n ¼ 16; 18.6 %); and indeterminate diagnosis (n ¼ 3; 3.5%). When we reclassified nondemented black CIND participants using racially-adjusted normative scores on the neuropsychological tests, 27 met CIND criteria. We then compared the characteristics of these 27 participants with the remaining 30 participants who met CIND criteria by population norms but not by race-adjusted norms. Informants of black participants with CIND reported less cognitive decline (lower IQCODE scores) than informants of white CIND participants [3.03 (.61) vs. 3.23 (.41); t (117) ¼ 2.12, p ¼ .036] even though there were no significant differences in the participants’ functional and neuropsychological impairments. An ANCOVAwhich controlled for informant education indicated that this difference in IQCODE scores was attributable, in part, to black informants having fewer years of education than white informants. Conclusions: We conclude that raciallydetermined differences in perceptions of early cognitive decline and education may influence informant ratings of older persons. These differences may contribute to disparities in the detection and treatment of cognitive disorders in older black persons.
P2-405
AGING IN PLACE WITH DEMENTIA: THE DESIGN OF A DIGITAL TOOL FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MODIFICATIONS
Helianthe Kort, Hu University of Applied Sciences, Utrecht, Netherlands. Background: At present, persons with dementia and their family caregivers in the Netherlands cannot retrofit their dwelling to their needs, because they lack the knowledge and do not have access to the correct information. Retrofitting their homes may support them to age in place. In order to facilitate aging-in-place (AiP) with dementia a website was designed to support those who implement environmental modifications in the home environment.
Presentations P2
required some assistance with ADL reminders, and MCI cases displayed similar resource utilization to AD cases in domains such as food delivery services and GP visits. Examination of dependence offers a complementary measure, which can be coupled with cognitive, clinical, and biological endpoints to better understand disease progression and impact of potential interventions.
P2-402
SEMANTIC VERBAL FLUENCY TEST FOR ANIMALS IN FORMER ALCOHOLICS
Emilio Herrera Junior1, Fabio Limonte1, Jessica Rodrigues1, Gustavo Herrera1, 1Faculty of Medicine of Catanduva, Catanduva, Brazil. Background: A semantic verbal fluency (SVF) requires the generation of a certain category of words in a predetermined time of 60 seconds. The aim of the present study was to assess the verbal production in a group of 30 individuals former alcoholics with no less than five years without drink alcohol. The data obtained were compared with the control group composed by the same number of people matched for age, sex, and education who were not alcoholics. Methods: The former alcoholics group was recruited in a therapy grouped called Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) in the city of Catanduva, S~ao Paulo-Brazil, all in active life and no complaints of memory loss. The former alcoholic group was underwent a battery of neuropsychological tests and one of the items of the survey was the semantic fluency for animals. The same tests were applied in the control group. The age of individuals ranged from 40 to 68 years with an average of 54 years. Results: The SVF obtained in the group of former drinkers had an average of 8.2 animals with minimum 2 and maximum of 14. In the control group the mean was 14.3 with a minimum 10 and maximum of 18. Conclusions: The semantic fluency for animals is linked to temporal lobe function, structure often affected when there is alcohol abuse. In the present study had a lower fluency in the group of former alcoholics when compared with the control group, suggesting that the neurological damage still persist after a long period of alcohol abstinence.
P2-403
COMPARISON OF JAPANESE AND CHINESE STUDENT’S PERCEPTION TO THE PERSON WITH DEMENTIA
Ryuji Kobayashi1, Kazuki Hirao2, Mariko Kobayashi3, 1Kibi international University, Takahashi-city, Okayama, Japan; 2Kibi International University, Takahashi-city, Okayama, Japan; 3Watanabe hospital, Niimi-city, Okayama, Japan. Background: The foreign workers have increased in Japan, and almost half of them are Chinese. Chinese workers have gradually increased in the nursing facility and hospital. We think that the perception to the dementia might influences dealing with the person with dementia. The purpose of this study is to compare differences of student’s perception to the person who has dementia between Japanese and Chinese. Methods: The subjects were Japanese and Chinese students in department of social welfare, business communication and environmental management respectively. Perception to the person with dementia was evaluated by the semantic differential method using 19 pair of bipolar adjectives such as “quick - slow”. Students were requested to rate the perception by five scores from 1 to 5 (Score 3 is a neutral) after obtaining informed consent. Scores from each item of adjective pair were compared between Japanese and Chinese students using Mann-Whitney’s U test. Further, an average score of each factor was calculated and compared. Results: The questionnaire data from 44 Japanese and 48 Chinese were analyzed. On the eight adjectives pair (quick-slow, cheerful-gloomy, amiable-unsociable, active-passive, showy-plain, favoritedisgusting, quiet-noisy, sensitive-insensitive), data from Japanese student showed remarkably tend to score of neutral. Factor analysis identified char-
acteristics of student’s perception to the person with dementia and revealed two factors:"activeness" and “gentle”. The mean score of “activeness” from Japanese student was significantly more positive than Chinese. On the other hand, the mean score of “gentle” from Chinese student was significantly more positive than Japanese. Conclusions: It has been known that the accurate knowledge will promote the perception to the person with dementia as “neutral or positive”. Therefore, it is thought that the Chinese students had less chance to encounter person who has dementia. We hope that our finding would be useful to programming more appropriate implementation for job education.
P2-404
RACIAL DIFFERENCES IN THE RECOGNITION OF COGNITIVE DYSFUNCTION IN OLDER PERSONS
Erin Kornsey1, Barry Rovner2, Robin Casten2, 1Worldwide Clinical Trials, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania, United States; 2Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. Background: The influence of race and education on informants’ reports of cognitive decline in community-residing older persons who were receiving services from senior health agencies was examined in a recent study. An expert consensus panel made diagnoses of normal cognition, cognitive impairment no dementia (CIND), and dementia based on clinical evaluations and standardized neuropsychological testing (using both population and raceadjusted norms). Informants were interviewed using the Informant Questionnaire for Cognitive Decline in the Elderly (IQCODE). Methods: The sample was comprised of 252 community-residing older persons who were receiving services from community-based senior social and health service agencies: 161 (63.9%) were white and 86 (34.1%) were black. The agencies included senior centers, senior residences, home care networks, a primary care geriatrics clinic, and adult daycare centers. Results: The consensus panel diagnostic classification of white participants was: NC (n ¼ 36; 22.4%); CIND (n ¼ 62; 38.5%); dementia (n ¼ 53; 32.9 %); and indeterminate diagnosis (n ¼ 10; 6.2 %). In black participants the distribution was NC (n ¼ 10; 11.6 %); CIND by population norms (n ¼ 57; 66.3%); dementia (n ¼ 16; 18.6 %); and indeterminate diagnosis (n ¼ 3; 3.5%). When we reclassified nondemented black CIND participants using racially-adjusted normative scores on the neuropsychological tests, 27 met CIND criteria. We then compared the characteristics of these 27 participants with the remaining 30 participants who met CIND criteria by population norms but not by race-adjusted norms. Informants of black participants with CIND reported less cognitive decline (lower IQCODE scores) than informants of white CIND participants [3.03 (.61) vs. 3.23 (.41); t (117) ¼ 2.12, p ¼ .036] even though there were no significant differences in the participants’ functional and neuropsychological impairments. An ANCOVAwhich controlled for informant education indicated that this difference in IQCODE scores was attributable, in part, to black informants having fewer years of education than white informants. Conclusions: We conclude that raciallydetermined differences in perceptions of early cognitive decline and education may influence informant ratings of older persons. These differences may contribute to disparities in the detection and treatment of cognitive disorders in older black persons.
P2-405
AGING IN PLACE WITH DEMENTIA: THE DESIGN OF A DIGITAL TOOL FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MODIFICATIONS
Helianthe Kort, Hu University of Applied Sciences, Utrecht, Netherlands. Background: At present, persons with dementia and their family caregivers in the Netherlands cannot retrofit their dwelling to their needs, because they lack the knowledge and do not have access to the correct information. Retrofitting their homes may support them to age in place. In order to facilitate aging-in-place (AiP) with dementia a website was designed to support those who implement environmental modifications in the home environment.