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Sensoren: Prinzipien und Anwendungen
257
Sensors and Acruators A, 33 (1992) 257-258
Book Reviews
Sensors,
Technology,
Systems
and Applications
Edited by K. T. V. Grattan, published by Adam Hilger, Bristol, 1991, 559 pp., ISBN 0-7503-0157-0. This volume represents the proceedings of the Fifth Conference on Sensors and their Applications which was held in Edinburgh, Scotland, on 22-25 September, 1991. The Conference in Edinburgh is the latest in a series of British sensor conferences that started in Manchester in 1983. Most (68) of the 85 papers published in these proceedings describe work performed in the UK, but other countries are also represented: Russia (3) Italy (2) Spain (l), France (2), Poland (1) Norway (l), Australia (l), Japan (I), Ireland (I), USA (l), Belgium (2) and Switzerland ( 1). The book is directly produced from cameraready material prepared by the authors, which makes careful refereeing unlikely. Except for the invited papers, most papers fill four to five pages produced by mediocre to excellent word processors. The book contains sections on Chemical Sensors, Gas Sensors, Process Tomography and Flow Measurement, Optical Sensors, Micromachined and Resonant Sensor Systems, Ultrasonic Sensors, Signal Processing and Detection, Biomedical Sensors and Sensor Applications. There is an author index but unfortunately no subject index. When the papers truly represent sensor activities in the UK, it is striking that chemical sensors in particular capture much attention. The sections listed above can be found at practically all sensor conferences, and most papers describe research which is rather familiar to the frequent conference delegate. However, this does not apply to one special section, namely that on Process Tomography and Flow Measurement. Process tomography provides real-time images of the distribution of materials in a process. In eight short papers the most important methods and advancements in this field are presented. The section on Sensor Applications contains three interesting papers. First there is a paper by
A. L. Harmer entitled ‘European research on advanced sensors’. Harmer gives a broad overview of sensor research in Europe, covering silicon technology, thick- and thin-film technology, chemical and biosensors, fibre optic and integrated optic sensors. A number of tables summarize the World market, the European market, applications for microactuator components and the funding situation in Europe. Indeed, this is a very revealing paper. Another paper is ‘Advances in automotive sensors’ presented by S. J. Prosser and J. H. Moore of Lucas Automotive Ltd. This paper gives a very good review of the high-performance costeffective sensors needed for automotive systems. The book concludes with a paper by W. Sansen on ‘Signal processing for sensors’. In this very systematic paper all important issues with respect to the processing of sensor signals are presented. In short, the book gives a good and up-to-date review of sensor research in the UK and, moreover, contains some very interesting review papers. The book should find its place in the library of all laboratories involved in sensor research and development. S. Middelhoek
Sensoren : Prinzipien
und An wendungen
By Peter Hauptmann, published by Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich, 1991, 182 pages, 186 figures, 25 tables, DM 88, ISBN 3-446-16073-6 (in German). This book describes the principles of semiconducting sensors, fibre-optic sensors, chemical sensors, ‘classical’ sensors and resonating sensors in a concise but didactically well-prepared way. New sensor technologies, materials and principles are also presented. The author excellently points out the physical principles, properties and various applications of these sensors, and also their limitations. Selected examples of applications show their importance in Elsevier Sequoia
258
many technical, medical or environmental areas. 186 figures facilitate the understanding of the subject. The book closes the gap that existed between the large number of short original papers on sensors in the scientific literature on one side and voluminous monographs on the other. It is equally suited to students and those starting work in sensor development or application who wish to receive a relatively short but complete review of the whole sensor field. A copious bibliography with 395 entries is helpful for information on specialized sensor fields. K. H. HHrdtl
Temperature Measurement By L. Michalski, K. Eckersdorf and J. McGhee, published by John Wiley, Chichester, 1991, 514 pp., ISBN 0 471 92229 3. This book is part of the Wiley Series in A4easurement Science and Technology, with P. H. Sydenham as chief editor. Temperature Measurement is the first of several books in production concentrating on a single measurand. In the first eight chapters the authors present the main principles used nowadays to measure temperature in industry. Most chapters describe the available equipment without a thorough discussion of the underlying principles. The first part of the book is written for a user rather than for a designer of temperature-measurement devices and systems. The book begins with an introductory chapter on temperature and temperature scales. In a very short second chapter a classification of the different temperature-measurement principles is
presented. In the next chapters non-electric thermometers, thermoelectric thermometers, resistance thermometers and semiconductor thermometers are described. The chapter on thermoelectric thermometers contains a lot of practical information, whereas the chapter on semiconductor thermometers pays attention to thermistors but is rather brief on silicon devices. Chapter 7 gives a lengthy account of optical pyrometers. The first part of the book ends with chapter 8, in which subjects like signal conditioners, transmitters and recorders are described. In the second part a number of areas in which the authors feel at home are treated. Chapter 9 is completely devoted to an ample discussion of dynamic temperature measurements. The transfer function of temperature sensors and the response to step, ramp, exponential, sinusoidal and other periodic temperature changes are treated in depth. In chapters 10, 11 and 12, temperature measurement at surfaces, inside solids and transparent bodies and in gases and liquid is described. In the last chapters, subjects like temperature measurement of moving bodies, temperature measurement in industrial heating appliances and calibration are casually presented. At the back of the book the reader finds 24 useful tables and author and subject indexes. All chapters contain extensive lists of references to the international (including non-English) literature. The book is without doubt a helpful addition to the literature on temperature measurement. As most of the text is rather descriptive, the book seems most useful for those engineers that want to be informed quickly about present-day methods of temperature measurement. The book seems less suited as a textbook. S. Middelhoek
Sensors and Acruators A, 33 (1992) 257-258
Book Reviews
Sensors,
Technology,
Systems
and Applications
Edited by K. T. V. Grattan, published by Adam Hilger, Bristol, 1991, 559 pp., ISBN 0-7503-0157-0. This volume represents the proceedings of the Fifth Conference on Sensors and their Applications which was held in Edinburgh, Scotland, on 22-25 September, 1991. The Conference in Edinburgh is the latest in a series of British sensor conferences that started in Manchester in 1983. Most (68) of the 85 papers published in these proceedings describe work performed in the UK, but other countries are also represented: Russia (3) Italy (2) Spain (l), France (2), Poland (1) Norway (l), Australia (l), Japan (I), Ireland (I), USA (l), Belgium (2) and Switzerland ( 1). The book is directly produced from cameraready material prepared by the authors, which makes careful refereeing unlikely. Except for the invited papers, most papers fill four to five pages produced by mediocre to excellent word processors. The book contains sections on Chemical Sensors, Gas Sensors, Process Tomography and Flow Measurement, Optical Sensors, Micromachined and Resonant Sensor Systems, Ultrasonic Sensors, Signal Processing and Detection, Biomedical Sensors and Sensor Applications. There is an author index but unfortunately no subject index. When the papers truly represent sensor activities in the UK, it is striking that chemical sensors in particular capture much attention. The sections listed above can be found at practically all sensor conferences, and most papers describe research which is rather familiar to the frequent conference delegate. However, this does not apply to one special section, namely that on Process Tomography and Flow Measurement. Process tomography provides real-time images of the distribution of materials in a process. In eight short papers the most important methods and advancements in this field are presented. The section on Sensor Applications contains three interesting papers. First there is a paper by
A. L. Harmer entitled ‘European research on advanced sensors’. Harmer gives a broad overview of sensor research in Europe, covering silicon technology, thick- and thin-film technology, chemical and biosensors, fibre optic and integrated optic sensors. A number of tables summarize the World market, the European market, applications for microactuator components and the funding situation in Europe. Indeed, this is a very revealing paper. Another paper is ‘Advances in automotive sensors’ presented by S. J. Prosser and J. H. Moore of Lucas Automotive Ltd. This paper gives a very good review of the high-performance costeffective sensors needed for automotive systems. The book concludes with a paper by W. Sansen on ‘Signal processing for sensors’. In this very systematic paper all important issues with respect to the processing of sensor signals are presented. In short, the book gives a good and up-to-date review of sensor research in the UK and, moreover, contains some very interesting review papers. The book should find its place in the library of all laboratories involved in sensor research and development. S. Middelhoek
Sensoren : Prinzipien
und An wendungen
By Peter Hauptmann, published by Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich, 1991, 182 pages, 186 figures, 25 tables, DM 88, ISBN 3-446-16073-6 (in German). This book describes the principles of semiconducting sensors, fibre-optic sensors, chemical sensors, ‘classical’ sensors and resonating sensors in a concise but didactically well-prepared way. New sensor technologies, materials and principles are also presented. The author excellently points out the physical principles, properties and various applications of these sensors, and also their limitations. Selected examples of applications show their importance in Elsevier Sequoia
258
many technical, medical or environmental areas. 186 figures facilitate the understanding of the subject. The book closes the gap that existed between the large number of short original papers on sensors in the scientific literature on one side and voluminous monographs on the other. It is equally suited to students and those starting work in sensor development or application who wish to receive a relatively short but complete review of the whole sensor field. A copious bibliography with 395 entries is helpful for information on specialized sensor fields. K. H. HHrdtl
Temperature Measurement By L. Michalski, K. Eckersdorf and J. McGhee, published by John Wiley, Chichester, 1991, 514 pp., ISBN 0 471 92229 3. This book is part of the Wiley Series in A4easurement Science and Technology, with P. H. Sydenham as chief editor. Temperature Measurement is the first of several books in production concentrating on a single measurand. In the first eight chapters the authors present the main principles used nowadays to measure temperature in industry. Most chapters describe the available equipment without a thorough discussion of the underlying principles. The first part of the book is written for a user rather than for a designer of temperature-measurement devices and systems. The book begins with an introductory chapter on temperature and temperature scales. In a very short second chapter a classification of the different temperature-measurement principles is
presented. In the next chapters non-electric thermometers, thermoelectric thermometers, resistance thermometers and semiconductor thermometers are described. The chapter on thermoelectric thermometers contains a lot of practical information, whereas the chapter on semiconductor thermometers pays attention to thermistors but is rather brief on silicon devices. Chapter 7 gives a lengthy account of optical pyrometers. The first part of the book ends with chapter 8, in which subjects like signal conditioners, transmitters and recorders are described. In the second part a number of areas in which the authors feel at home are treated. Chapter 9 is completely devoted to an ample discussion of dynamic temperature measurements. The transfer function of temperature sensors and the response to step, ramp, exponential, sinusoidal and other periodic temperature changes are treated in depth. In chapters 10, 11 and 12, temperature measurement at surfaces, inside solids and transparent bodies and in gases and liquid is described. In the last chapters, subjects like temperature measurement of moving bodies, temperature measurement in industrial heating appliances and calibration are casually presented. At the back of the book the reader finds 24 useful tables and author and subject indexes. All chapters contain extensive lists of references to the international (including non-English) literature. The book is without doubt a helpful addition to the literature on temperature measurement. As most of the text is rather descriptive, the book seems most useful for those engineers that want to be informed quickly about present-day methods of temperature measurement. The book seems less suited as a textbook. S. Middelhoek