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Site investigations for underground LPG storages
202A rate, standup time, temporary and permanent support, tunnel orientation, effects of jointing, grouting, and dewatering are discussed. 933484
lntreduetory description of the Le~the Highlands Water Project with emphasis on the implementation of Phase IA Davies, A G Proc TUNCON "92, Design and Construction of Tmmels, Maseru, Lesotho, September 1992 1'9-16. Publ Yeoville: South African National Council on Tunnelling, 1992 The LHWP is a major water scheme involving transfer of water from the Highlands to the Vaal river catchment with simultaneous generation of hydropower. It is planned in four phases, with projected completion in 2020. Phase 1A, at present under construction, involves the Katse dam and reservoir, hydropower plant 1, a 44.6km long transfer tunnel and two delivery tunnels. The transfer tunnel, in basalt, will be unlined and driven by drill and blast, the delivery tunnels, in sandstones, driven by TBM and lined.
933488
Trial underground imgwaU ~ inmamentation and model calibration at the Lucky Friday Mine, M d a n , Idaho, USA Whyatt, J K; Williams, T J; Pariseau, W G Proc 33rd US Symposhun on Rock Mec&mics, Santa Fe, 3-5 June 1992 P511-519. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1992 An experimental underhand longwall stoping mining method was introduced at the Lucky Friday mine to increase productivity through mechanisation and reduce rockburst hazard associated with excavating isolated pillars. Backfill performance and ramp stability were monitored during several cuts to provide data to calibrate a 3D finite element model of the lower part of the mine. Numerical modelling and observational data allowed the soundness of the mining method to be demonstrated such that is now used in the whole mine.
General underground storage 933489
Observations of hydraulic anbotropy during the exploration and construction of undergroid LPG storag~ in mined caverns (In French) Amantini, E; Geneste, P Rev Fr Geotech N59, 1992, P43-47
Mines See also: 933196, 933321, 933323 933485
Japmtese m|nin~, Bow glgldfuture Yamagnchi, U In.. Rock Meelumics in Japan, Vokum ;11 Pl13-116. Publ Tokyo: Japanese Committee for ISRM, 1991 Although less important than in the past, the Japanese mining industry is still active. Limestone and aggregate materials are produced in large quantities for industrial and construction uses from open pit mines. Metal mining is mainly underground using sophisticated extraction methods. The deep coal mines suffer methane and rockburst problems. Despite the depressed state of the industry, technological developments in ground control, slope stability, extraction methods and exploration have continued. 933486
Crown pillar recovery at Hudson Bay Mining_ Davies, S Min Engng V44, N l l , Nov 1992, P1333-1336 The Rod and Stall Lake mines in Manitoba are over 30 years old and still have large reserves of Cu-Zn ore in crown pillars between stopes. Pillar sizes are up to 100m long by 40m wide by 15m high. They are being successfully extracted using longhole mining methods with cable bolts and hydraulic backfill support. Each stope presents its own unique set of circumstances which determines the details of how it should be mined. 933487
Stability analysis of a room-nd-pllinr mime with thinlylaminated roof, strong pillars mad weak floor Park, D W; Jiang, Y M; Morley, L A; Kceton, W Min Engng V44, N i l , Nov 1992, P1355-1360
Gastightness of unlined LPG caverns requires water flow towards the cavern at every point on the cavern walls. The knowledge of spatial distribution of permeability is important at the design stage. Lithologic anisotropy or fracturing may give rise to permeability anisotropy, which can be detected using cross-borehole tests. Examples of both types of permeability anisotropy are described. High variation of horizontal and vertical permeabilities may lead to the necessity of large inter-cavern distances or vertical water curtains. 93349O Site investigations for underground LPG storages
Sarkka, P S Proc I S R M Symposhun: Fawock'92, Chester, 14-17 September 1992 P129-134. Publ London: Thomas Telford, 1992 Site characterisation for LPG storage at Sines, Portugal, is described. The target rock mass consists mainly of gabbrodioritic rocks, surrounded on three sides by syenitic rocks and some granite intrusions. Following soil drilling and ground radar survey, diamond drilling and vertical seismic profiling were used to obtain a 3-dimensional picture of the rock mass and its structural discontinuities. Packer tests were carried out to examine hydraulic properties in planned cavern locations. 933491 Ol~rved cavern performmtee of a large underground storage
facility in weak jointed cha~ Barla, G; Rabagiiati, U Proc 33rd US Sympnsh~ on Rock Mee&mics, Santa Fe, 3-5 June 1992 P409-419. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1992
An oil storage facility consisting of two large (305m long, 14m Soft floors and thinly laminated intermediate roofs often cause diameter) lined caverns in weak jointed chalk is currently problems in room and pillar coal mines in the Warrior Coal under construction in Italy. The geological and rock mass conField, Alabama. Roof falls and local floor heave up to 0.6m /'ditions, laboratory and field rock mass classification, and spechave been recorded at the Mary Lee No 1 mine. This mine has ified excavation sequence and support are outlined. The been instrumented to monitor convergence, pillar penetration project has been monitored to allow study of cavern behaviour and floor heave. Floor bearing capacity has been measured, during excavation, effect of excavation of the second cavern Finite element stress analysis of the mine is presented. The on response of the first, and response of the pair of caverns. influence of roof and floor properties and mine design on the Observed behaviour is compared to that predicted by finite problems is discussed and suitable modifications proposed, element analysis. © 1993 Pergamon Press Ltd. Reproduction not permitted
lntreduetory description of the Le~the Highlands Water Project with emphasis on the implementation of Phase IA Davies, A G Proc TUNCON "92, Design and Construction of Tmmels, Maseru, Lesotho, September 1992 1'9-16. Publ Yeoville: South African National Council on Tunnelling, 1992 The LHWP is a major water scheme involving transfer of water from the Highlands to the Vaal river catchment with simultaneous generation of hydropower. It is planned in four phases, with projected completion in 2020. Phase 1A, at present under construction, involves the Katse dam and reservoir, hydropower plant 1, a 44.6km long transfer tunnel and two delivery tunnels. The transfer tunnel, in basalt, will be unlined and driven by drill and blast, the delivery tunnels, in sandstones, driven by TBM and lined.
933488
Trial underground imgwaU ~ inmamentation and model calibration at the Lucky Friday Mine, M d a n , Idaho, USA Whyatt, J K; Williams, T J; Pariseau, W G Proc 33rd US Symposhun on Rock Mec&mics, Santa Fe, 3-5 June 1992 P511-519. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1992 An experimental underhand longwall stoping mining method was introduced at the Lucky Friday mine to increase productivity through mechanisation and reduce rockburst hazard associated with excavating isolated pillars. Backfill performance and ramp stability were monitored during several cuts to provide data to calibrate a 3D finite element model of the lower part of the mine. Numerical modelling and observational data allowed the soundness of the mining method to be demonstrated such that is now used in the whole mine.
General underground storage 933489
Observations of hydraulic anbotropy during the exploration and construction of undergroid LPG storag~ in mined caverns (In French) Amantini, E; Geneste, P Rev Fr Geotech N59, 1992, P43-47
Mines See also: 933196, 933321, 933323 933485
Japmtese m|nin~, Bow glgldfuture Yamagnchi, U In.. Rock Meelumics in Japan, Vokum ;11 Pl13-116. Publ Tokyo: Japanese Committee for ISRM, 1991 Although less important than in the past, the Japanese mining industry is still active. Limestone and aggregate materials are produced in large quantities for industrial and construction uses from open pit mines. Metal mining is mainly underground using sophisticated extraction methods. The deep coal mines suffer methane and rockburst problems. Despite the depressed state of the industry, technological developments in ground control, slope stability, extraction methods and exploration have continued. 933486
Crown pillar recovery at Hudson Bay Mining_ Davies, S Min Engng V44, N l l , Nov 1992, P1333-1336 The Rod and Stall Lake mines in Manitoba are over 30 years old and still have large reserves of Cu-Zn ore in crown pillars between stopes. Pillar sizes are up to 100m long by 40m wide by 15m high. They are being successfully extracted using longhole mining methods with cable bolts and hydraulic backfill support. Each stope presents its own unique set of circumstances which determines the details of how it should be mined. 933487
Stability analysis of a room-nd-pllinr mime with thinlylaminated roof, strong pillars mad weak floor Park, D W; Jiang, Y M; Morley, L A; Kceton, W Min Engng V44, N i l , Nov 1992, P1355-1360
Gastightness of unlined LPG caverns requires water flow towards the cavern at every point on the cavern walls. The knowledge of spatial distribution of permeability is important at the design stage. Lithologic anisotropy or fracturing may give rise to permeability anisotropy, which can be detected using cross-borehole tests. Examples of both types of permeability anisotropy are described. High variation of horizontal and vertical permeabilities may lead to the necessity of large inter-cavern distances or vertical water curtains. 93349O Site investigations for underground LPG storages
Sarkka, P S Proc I S R M Symposhun: Fawock'92, Chester, 14-17 September 1992 P129-134. Publ London: Thomas Telford, 1992 Site characterisation for LPG storage at Sines, Portugal, is described. The target rock mass consists mainly of gabbrodioritic rocks, surrounded on three sides by syenitic rocks and some granite intrusions. Following soil drilling and ground radar survey, diamond drilling and vertical seismic profiling were used to obtain a 3-dimensional picture of the rock mass and its structural discontinuities. Packer tests were carried out to examine hydraulic properties in planned cavern locations. 933491 Ol~rved cavern performmtee of a large underground storage
facility in weak jointed cha~ Barla, G; Rabagiiati, U Proc 33rd US Sympnsh~ on Rock Mee&mics, Santa Fe, 3-5 June 1992 P409-419. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1992
An oil storage facility consisting of two large (305m long, 14m Soft floors and thinly laminated intermediate roofs often cause diameter) lined caverns in weak jointed chalk is currently problems in room and pillar coal mines in the Warrior Coal under construction in Italy. The geological and rock mass conField, Alabama. Roof falls and local floor heave up to 0.6m /'ditions, laboratory and field rock mass classification, and spechave been recorded at the Mary Lee No 1 mine. This mine has ified excavation sequence and support are outlined. The been instrumented to monitor convergence, pillar penetration project has been monitored to allow study of cavern behaviour and floor heave. Floor bearing capacity has been measured, during excavation, effect of excavation of the second cavern Finite element stress analysis of the mine is presented. The on response of the first, and response of the pair of caverns. influence of roof and floor properties and mine design on the Observed behaviour is compared to that predicted by finite problems is discussed and suitable modifications proposed, element analysis. © 1993 Pergamon Press Ltd. Reproduction not permitted