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Slide Seminar Case 6
ARTICLE IN PRESS Abstracts / Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology 61 (2009) 257–295
277
Slide Seminar Case 5 Submitter
Esther Sutter Institut fu¨r Tierpathologie, Vetsuisse Fakulta¨t, La¨nggassstr. 122, 3001 Bern, Switzerland
Species, breed
Dog, Husky
Sex
Female
Age
5 years
Organ(s)
Skin
Gross finding(s)
Multifocal alopecia with minimal gross inflammation at the site of prior subcutaneous vaccine deposition
Staining
HE
Contributor’s morphologic diagnoses
Mild to moderate, diffuse vasculopathy with severe diffuse follicular atrophy, hyalinization of dermal collagen and subepidermal vesicles
Contributor’s description and comments
This is the case of a five year old, female Husky. Clinical examination revealed on head and extremities demarcated areas of alopecia, as well as lichenification, hyperpigmentation and crusting over bony prominences and distal limbs. Histologically a severe diffuse atrophy of the adnexal structures is present. The dermal collagen is severely homogenized. Multifocally subepidermal formation of vesicles. Multiple vessel walls are hyalinized. In addition there is a mild to moderate, diffuse, perivascular to interstitial infiltration of mainly plasma cells and fewer lymphocytes. All these findings are consistent with an ischemic dermatopathy. In the light of the clinical findings and history they are most probably associated with rabies vaccination. Predominatly long-haired toy or small breed dogs with long anagen hair cycles are affected and most lesions usually develop in the neck and the shoulder region. Regarding the pathogenesis, the lesions are presumed to be due to an immunologic reaction to rabies antigen that targets the vessels and therefore causes ischemia. Based only on histology other ischemic dermatosis cannot be excluded.
Literature
Gross TL, Ihrke PJ, Walder EJ and Affolter VK; ‘‘Ischemic Dermatopathy’’ and ‘‘Postrabies Vaccination Panniculitis’’. In: Skin Diseases of the Dog and Cat, Clinical and Histopathologic Diagnosis; 2nd edition, Blackwell Science Ltd., 2005, pp 49–52, 539–541
doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2009.02.033
Slide Seminar Case 6 Submitter
Dominique Wiener Institut fu¨r Tierpathologie, Vetsuisse Fakulta¨t, La¨nggassstr. 122, 3001 Bern, Switzerland
Species, breed
Dog, Kerry Blue Terrier
ARTICLE IN PRESS 278
Abstracts / Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology 61 (2009) 257–295
Sex
Male
Age
10 years
Clinical findings
Pruritus, licking of paws, glucosuria, apathy diarrhoe, anemia
Organ(s)
Skin
Gross finding(s)
Paws: erythema, alopecia, crusts
Staining Contributor’s morphologic diagnoses
HE severe, diffuse epidermal hyperplasia with parakeratotic hyperkeratosis and hydropic degeneration of the stratum spinosum (epidermal pallor) dermatitis, interstitial, severe, mixed infiltrate A 10-year-old male Kerry Blue Terrier called ‘‘Bismarck’’ was presented to the small animal clinic in Bern because of intense apathy, diarrhoe, anemia and intense licking of the paws. All four distal extremities, including the footpads showed erythema, alopecia and crusts. Similar lesions were present on the lips and periocular.
Contributor’s description and comments
Histologic sections show parakeratosis, inter- and intracellular edema of the stratum spinosum and hyperplasia of the basal and suprabasal keratinocytes, representing the picture known in the literature as ‘‘french flag’’. In the superficial and deep dermis a severe interstitial infiltration with a large amount of lymphocytes, plasma cells and macrophages and less mast cells and eosinophils is present. Multifocally there are serocellular crusts. Within the crusts bacterial colonies and malassezia. The diagnosis of superficial necrolytic dermatitis ( ¼ hepatocutaneous syndrome) was made. This is an uncommon skin disorder in older dogs of which 75% are male. An underlying metabolic hepatic dysfunction, driving cutaneous malnutrition, is most often the cause for this syndrome. The dog was getting worse and was euthanized. Necropsy revealed a neuroendocrine tumor in the liver. Literature
Superficial necrolytic dermatitis, necrotizing diseases of the epidermis, chapter 3, Gross T.L., Ihrke P.J., Walder E.J., Affolter V.K., Skin diseases of the dog and cat, second edition, pages 86 Superficial necrolytic dermatitis (hepatocutaneous syndrome), skin and appendages, Jubb, Kennedy and Palmer’s Pathology of domestic animals, 2007, Volume 1, 5.Edition, M.Grand Maxie (editor), Saunders elseviers, pp. 632 Gross, T.L., O’Brian, T.D., Davies, A.P. et al. (1990), glucagons Gross, T.L., Song, M.D., Havel, P.J. et al. (1993), superficial necrolytic dermatitis (necrolytic migratory erythema) in dogs. Vet Pathol 30, 75
doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2009.02.034
Slide Seminar Case 7 Submitter
Dimitra Psalla Institut fu¨r Tierpathologie, Vetsuisse Fakulta¨t, La¨nggassstr. 122, 3001 Bern, Switzerland
Species, breed
Dog, Golden Retriever
Sex
Female
277
Slide Seminar Case 5 Submitter
Esther Sutter Institut fu¨r Tierpathologie, Vetsuisse Fakulta¨t, La¨nggassstr. 122, 3001 Bern, Switzerland
Species, breed
Dog, Husky
Sex
Female
Age
5 years
Organ(s)
Skin
Gross finding(s)
Multifocal alopecia with minimal gross inflammation at the site of prior subcutaneous vaccine deposition
Staining
HE
Contributor’s morphologic diagnoses
Mild to moderate, diffuse vasculopathy with severe diffuse follicular atrophy, hyalinization of dermal collagen and subepidermal vesicles
Contributor’s description and comments
This is the case of a five year old, female Husky. Clinical examination revealed on head and extremities demarcated areas of alopecia, as well as lichenification, hyperpigmentation and crusting over bony prominences and distal limbs. Histologically a severe diffuse atrophy of the adnexal structures is present. The dermal collagen is severely homogenized. Multifocally subepidermal formation of vesicles. Multiple vessel walls are hyalinized. In addition there is a mild to moderate, diffuse, perivascular to interstitial infiltration of mainly plasma cells and fewer lymphocytes. All these findings are consistent with an ischemic dermatopathy. In the light of the clinical findings and history they are most probably associated with rabies vaccination. Predominatly long-haired toy or small breed dogs with long anagen hair cycles are affected and most lesions usually develop in the neck and the shoulder region. Regarding the pathogenesis, the lesions are presumed to be due to an immunologic reaction to rabies antigen that targets the vessels and therefore causes ischemia. Based only on histology other ischemic dermatosis cannot be excluded.
Literature
Gross TL, Ihrke PJ, Walder EJ and Affolter VK; ‘‘Ischemic Dermatopathy’’ and ‘‘Postrabies Vaccination Panniculitis’’. In: Skin Diseases of the Dog and Cat, Clinical and Histopathologic Diagnosis; 2nd edition, Blackwell Science Ltd., 2005, pp 49–52, 539–541
doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2009.02.033
Slide Seminar Case 6 Submitter
Dominique Wiener Institut fu¨r Tierpathologie, Vetsuisse Fakulta¨t, La¨nggassstr. 122, 3001 Bern, Switzerland
Species, breed
Dog, Kerry Blue Terrier
ARTICLE IN PRESS 278
Abstracts / Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology 61 (2009) 257–295
Sex
Male
Age
10 years
Clinical findings
Pruritus, licking of paws, glucosuria, apathy diarrhoe, anemia
Organ(s)
Skin
Gross finding(s)
Paws: erythema, alopecia, crusts
Staining Contributor’s morphologic diagnoses
HE severe, diffuse epidermal hyperplasia with parakeratotic hyperkeratosis and hydropic degeneration of the stratum spinosum (epidermal pallor) dermatitis, interstitial, severe, mixed infiltrate A 10-year-old male Kerry Blue Terrier called ‘‘Bismarck’’ was presented to the small animal clinic in Bern because of intense apathy, diarrhoe, anemia and intense licking of the paws. All four distal extremities, including the footpads showed erythema, alopecia and crusts. Similar lesions were present on the lips and periocular.
Contributor’s description and comments
Histologic sections show parakeratosis, inter- and intracellular edema of the stratum spinosum and hyperplasia of the basal and suprabasal keratinocytes, representing the picture known in the literature as ‘‘french flag’’. In the superficial and deep dermis a severe interstitial infiltration with a large amount of lymphocytes, plasma cells and macrophages and less mast cells and eosinophils is present. Multifocally there are serocellular crusts. Within the crusts bacterial colonies and malassezia. The diagnosis of superficial necrolytic dermatitis ( ¼ hepatocutaneous syndrome) was made. This is an uncommon skin disorder in older dogs of which 75% are male. An underlying metabolic hepatic dysfunction, driving cutaneous malnutrition, is most often the cause for this syndrome. The dog was getting worse and was euthanized. Necropsy revealed a neuroendocrine tumor in the liver. Literature
Superficial necrolytic dermatitis, necrotizing diseases of the epidermis, chapter 3, Gross T.L., Ihrke P.J., Walder E.J., Affolter V.K., Skin diseases of the dog and cat, second edition, pages 86 Superficial necrolytic dermatitis (hepatocutaneous syndrome), skin and appendages, Jubb, Kennedy and Palmer’s Pathology of domestic animals, 2007, Volume 1, 5.Edition, M.Grand Maxie (editor), Saunders elseviers, pp. 632 Gross, T.L., O’Brian, T.D., Davies, A.P. et al. (1990), glucagons Gross, T.L., Song, M.D., Havel, P.J. et al. (1993), superficial necrolytic dermatitis (necrolytic migratory erythema) in dogs. Vet Pathol 30, 75
doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2009.02.034
Slide Seminar Case 7 Submitter
Dimitra Psalla Institut fu¨r Tierpathologie, Vetsuisse Fakulta¨t, La¨nggassstr. 122, 3001 Bern, Switzerland
Species, breed
Dog, Golden Retriever
Sex
Female