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THE NEW MASTER OF DOWNING COLLEGE.
THE NEW MASTER OF DOWNING COLLEGE.-WEIL’S DISEASE.
1258 form of
exemption under the Bill, will have a sort of privilege being subject to the central authority only in such matters as the making of default, whereas the District Councils outside the exempted boroughs will be, for similar purposep, subject to the new county authority. Whether the Bill will pass or not in that form remains an open question ; but it is evident that the smaller or non-exempted boroughs are, under the circumstances, not regarding with pleasure the transference of the powers in question from a Government department to a county body. The Hull Sanitary in
Association also press that medical officers of health should be the officers of the County Councils, and not of the District Councils; and unless the Local Government Board should decide to retain the small amount of control they now exercise over such cillcers and their appointments, pressure will doubtless be brought to bear upon the Government to modify the Bill in the sense indicated by the Hull Association. THE NEW MASTER OF DOWNING COLLEGE.
and patients take to the treatment very kindly, the application being alwaysgrateful to them. The capacity for heat possessed by clay being considerable, it answers the purpose of ice-bags or cold compresses, and is greatly preferred to them by patients. The method of application is simple enough. The breast is first washed with a sponge and a piece of soft gauze applied to it. Another piece of gauze is then cut to the proper size, an aperture being made for the nipple, and an even layer of well-mixed clay, free from lumps, spread over it. This is then applied to the breast over the first piece of gauze, and secured by a bandage passing over the shoulder of the opposite side. The dressing is renewed night and morning. This kind of treatment is also applicable in distressing fulness of the breasts, when for any reason the patient cannot suckle the child. The secretion is arrested and the fulness and tenderness often dieappear in the course of twenty-four hours.
WEIL’S DISEASE.
THE modern tendency to name diseases after the physician who first describes them is due to the difficulty of determining their true nosological position. Hence, however much the practice is to be regretted, there seems to be some difficulty in avoiding it. Amongst the latest additions to the category of "unnamed" disorders is a striking febrile affection, which was first described by Weil in 1886. Its symptoms are those of an acute fever, of comparatively short duration, but accompanied by jaundice, swelling of the liver and spleen, nephiitis, and severe nervous symptoms. In the current issue (No. 12) of the Fortschritte der Medicin, Dr. Unverricht collates the records of cases of this " disease" which have been described since the publication of Weil’s paper. Thus Dr. Goldschmidt gave one from the Nuremberg clinic. Dr. Aufrecht referred to two cases published in his Pathological Reports, which The one supervened seemed to fall under this head. in a phthisical patient, who was suddenly attacked with jaundice and albuminuiia. The other was in the case of a previously healthy man, who died from uraemia, after an attack of fever, with jaundice, enlarged liver, albuminuria, and finally suppression of urine. After death the chief lesion consisted in abundance of dark granules in the renal and hepatic cells, and Aufrecht termed the condition " acute parenchymatosis." Wagner related two cases of acute fever, short in duration, with jaundice and albuminuria, muscular pain, especially in the calves of the legs, and slight enlargement of spleen. Both commenced with labial herpes, and epistaxis occurred frequently. Wagner was inclined to MODELLING CLAY IN MASTITIS. class these as " bilious typhoid." Roth gives a parallel case, DR. E. L. MAÏZEL mentions in the Vrach (No. 21) that he which he attributed to "salad poisoning." Haas records ten has for some time employed modelling clay as an applica-cases, all marked by fever, jaundice, splenic swelling, gastric tion in mastitis, with excellent results. The idea was disturbances, headache, and myalgia (especially in the calves). obtained from Dr. S. Lukashevich, who employed white In his cases the liver was not often enlarged; albuminuria modelling clay in epididymitis. Dr. Maizel has made use of occurred occasionally, and some suffered from herpes. He it in twelve cases-seven of parenchymatous inflammation, was inclined to class these cases with abortive typhoid, for of which only three suppurated; and five of phlegmonous they occurred during epidemics of typhoid fever. The most inflammation, of which only one went on to form an abscess. exhaustive and latest contribution to the subject is a paper The pain was rapidly alleviated and the fever diminished by by Fiedler, who has collected thirteen cases. He points out this treatment, which, if commenced sufficiently early, that the disease begins suddenly, without prodromata, often appeared to cause the inflammatory process to terminate in with a rigor ; also high fever, headache, gastric disturbance, resolution without the formation of pus. When abscesses jaundice, and myalgia (in the calves). The pyrexia runs a had formed and broken, the wound rapidly healed, and the typical course, lasting eight or ten days; then subsides by indurated lobules returned to their normal condition with- crisis, occasionally having a short relapse. The pulse-rate out suppurating, the clay proving a much less troublesome is frequent at the first. Swelling of the spleen and liver is treatment than Kiwisch’s plan of starched bandages, and frequent, but not invariable; and nephritis often occurs. much less painful than the application of collodion, Occasionally there is herpes and erythema. The prognosis as recommended by Latour and Sprengel, being at is favourable. The patients are mostly males in the prime the same time quite as satisfactory in its results. of life; the disease occurs chiefly during the hot season. This method is especially suitable for country practice, as Fiedler believes it to be a specific infective or toxic disorder, white modelling clay is a very common and cheap substance, and contests the view that it is at all related to typhoid; its
the election on the 16th inst. of Dr. Alexander Hill as Master of Downing College, Cambridge. Born in 1856, Dr. Hill took his degree with distinction in Botany, Zoology, Comparative Anatomy, Human Anatomy, and Physiology, in the Natural Science Tripos of 1877. After a short residence in Cambridge be completed his professional education at St. Bartholomew’s Hospital, becoming a member of the Royal College of Surgeons of England in 1880. He was elected a Fellow of Downing shortly afterwards, became M.B. in 1882, and M.D. in 1885. On returning into residence he was appointed Demonstrator of Anatomy and Teacher of Physiology in the University. Twice in succession he held the post of Hunterian Professor of the Royal College of Surgeons, and has published The Plan of the Central Nervous System," as well as contributions to various medical journals. In 1883,1884, and 1885, and again in 1887 and 1888, he acted as examiner in the Natural Science Tripos. He was also examiner for the M.B. examinations, and has recently been appointed examiner to the Glasgow University. The appointment to the Mastership is in certain respects unique. A headship has not fallen to an anatomist since Harvey was Warden of Merton, and very rarely to a member of the medical profession. The new Master owes his position entirely to his success in the medical school at Cambridge, and the fact of his election is a proof of the increasing hold which science, and especially medicine, is acquiring in the universities.
WE note with
pleasure
___
1258 form of
exemption under the Bill, will have a sort of privilege being subject to the central authority only in such matters as the making of default, whereas the District Councils outside the exempted boroughs will be, for similar purposep, subject to the new county authority. Whether the Bill will pass or not in that form remains an open question ; but it is evident that the smaller or non-exempted boroughs are, under the circumstances, not regarding with pleasure the transference of the powers in question from a Government department to a county body. The Hull Sanitary in
Association also press that medical officers of health should be the officers of the County Councils, and not of the District Councils; and unless the Local Government Board should decide to retain the small amount of control they now exercise over such cillcers and their appointments, pressure will doubtless be brought to bear upon the Government to modify the Bill in the sense indicated by the Hull Association. THE NEW MASTER OF DOWNING COLLEGE.
and patients take to the treatment very kindly, the application being alwaysgrateful to them. The capacity for heat possessed by clay being considerable, it answers the purpose of ice-bags or cold compresses, and is greatly preferred to them by patients. The method of application is simple enough. The breast is first washed with a sponge and a piece of soft gauze applied to it. Another piece of gauze is then cut to the proper size, an aperture being made for the nipple, and an even layer of well-mixed clay, free from lumps, spread over it. This is then applied to the breast over the first piece of gauze, and secured by a bandage passing over the shoulder of the opposite side. The dressing is renewed night and morning. This kind of treatment is also applicable in distressing fulness of the breasts, when for any reason the patient cannot suckle the child. The secretion is arrested and the fulness and tenderness often dieappear in the course of twenty-four hours.
WEIL’S DISEASE.
THE modern tendency to name diseases after the physician who first describes them is due to the difficulty of determining their true nosological position. Hence, however much the practice is to be regretted, there seems to be some difficulty in avoiding it. Amongst the latest additions to the category of "unnamed" disorders is a striking febrile affection, which was first described by Weil in 1886. Its symptoms are those of an acute fever, of comparatively short duration, but accompanied by jaundice, swelling of the liver and spleen, nephiitis, and severe nervous symptoms. In the current issue (No. 12) of the Fortschritte der Medicin, Dr. Unverricht collates the records of cases of this " disease" which have been described since the publication of Weil’s paper. Thus Dr. Goldschmidt gave one from the Nuremberg clinic. Dr. Aufrecht referred to two cases published in his Pathological Reports, which The one supervened seemed to fall under this head. in a phthisical patient, who was suddenly attacked with jaundice and albuminuiia. The other was in the case of a previously healthy man, who died from uraemia, after an attack of fever, with jaundice, enlarged liver, albuminuria, and finally suppression of urine. After death the chief lesion consisted in abundance of dark granules in the renal and hepatic cells, and Aufrecht termed the condition " acute parenchymatosis." Wagner related two cases of acute fever, short in duration, with jaundice and albuminuria, muscular pain, especially in the calves of the legs, and slight enlargement of spleen. Both commenced with labial herpes, and epistaxis occurred frequently. Wagner was inclined to MODELLING CLAY IN MASTITIS. class these as " bilious typhoid." Roth gives a parallel case, DR. E. L. MAÏZEL mentions in the Vrach (No. 21) that he which he attributed to "salad poisoning." Haas records ten has for some time employed modelling clay as an applica-cases, all marked by fever, jaundice, splenic swelling, gastric tion in mastitis, with excellent results. The idea was disturbances, headache, and myalgia (especially in the calves). obtained from Dr. S. Lukashevich, who employed white In his cases the liver was not often enlarged; albuminuria modelling clay in epididymitis. Dr. Maizel has made use of occurred occasionally, and some suffered from herpes. He it in twelve cases-seven of parenchymatous inflammation, was inclined to class these cases with abortive typhoid, for of which only three suppurated; and five of phlegmonous they occurred during epidemics of typhoid fever. The most inflammation, of which only one went on to form an abscess. exhaustive and latest contribution to the subject is a paper The pain was rapidly alleviated and the fever diminished by by Fiedler, who has collected thirteen cases. He points out this treatment, which, if commenced sufficiently early, that the disease begins suddenly, without prodromata, often appeared to cause the inflammatory process to terminate in with a rigor ; also high fever, headache, gastric disturbance, resolution without the formation of pus. When abscesses jaundice, and myalgia (in the calves). The pyrexia runs a had formed and broken, the wound rapidly healed, and the typical course, lasting eight or ten days; then subsides by indurated lobules returned to their normal condition with- crisis, occasionally having a short relapse. The pulse-rate out suppurating, the clay proving a much less troublesome is frequent at the first. Swelling of the spleen and liver is treatment than Kiwisch’s plan of starched bandages, and frequent, but not invariable; and nephritis often occurs. much less painful than the application of collodion, Occasionally there is herpes and erythema. The prognosis as recommended by Latour and Sprengel, being at is favourable. The patients are mostly males in the prime the same time quite as satisfactory in its results. of life; the disease occurs chiefly during the hot season. This method is especially suitable for country practice, as Fiedler believes it to be a specific infective or toxic disorder, white modelling clay is a very common and cheap substance, and contests the view that it is at all related to typhoid; its
the election on the 16th inst. of Dr. Alexander Hill as Master of Downing College, Cambridge. Born in 1856, Dr. Hill took his degree with distinction in Botany, Zoology, Comparative Anatomy, Human Anatomy, and Physiology, in the Natural Science Tripos of 1877. After a short residence in Cambridge be completed his professional education at St. Bartholomew’s Hospital, becoming a member of the Royal College of Surgeons of England in 1880. He was elected a Fellow of Downing shortly afterwards, became M.B. in 1882, and M.D. in 1885. On returning into residence he was appointed Demonstrator of Anatomy and Teacher of Physiology in the University. Twice in succession he held the post of Hunterian Professor of the Royal College of Surgeons, and has published The Plan of the Central Nervous System," as well as contributions to various medical journals. In 1883,1884, and 1885, and again in 1887 and 1888, he acted as examiner in the Natural Science Tripos. He was also examiner for the M.B. examinations, and has recently been appointed examiner to the Glasgow University. The appointment to the Mastership is in certain respects unique. A headship has not fallen to an anatomist since Harvey was Warden of Merton, and very rarely to a member of the medical profession. The new Master owes his position entirely to his success in the medical school at Cambridge, and the fact of his election is a proof of the increasing hold which science, and especially medicine, is acquiring in the universities.
WE note with
pleasure
___