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Unilateral variation of the mental foramen
S110
Abstracts / Journal of the Anatomical Society of India 65S (2016) S98–S142
shaft of humerus about 5 cm proximal to the medial epicondyle. It represents an embryonic vestigial remnant in climbing animals and felines. It may be joined to the medial epicondyle by a fibrous band called ligament of Struthers, which may ossify. It is usually asymptomatic but can present with the symptoms like median nerve and brachial artery compression when associated with Struthers ligament. Our study aims to find the incidence and morphometry of supracondylar spur in Jharkhand population. 127 dried humeri were studied from the Department of Anatomy, RIMS, Ranchi. Bones were examined for presence of supracondylar spur and its dimensions were recorded with Vernier caliper and photographs taken. Out of 127 dried humeri only in one left humerus, supracondylar spur of length 2.4 cm was found on the anteromedial surface, at a distance of 5.6 cm from the tip of medial epicondyle. The incidence calculated in our study was 0.78%. The knowledge of supracondylar spur is important for clinicians, radiologists and anatomists as its symptoms mimic carpal tunnel syndrome. Its incidence reported in past varies from 0.1% to 2.7% in different races. Our study revealed its low incidence in Jharkhand population. Conflicts of interest The author has none to declare. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jasi.2016.08.351 45 An anomalous variation in the innervation of the muscles of anterior and lateral compartments of leg by common peroneal nerve: A case report P.P. Samanta SMS&R, Sharda University, Knowledge Park III, Plot No 32-34, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India The common peroneal nerve (CPN) is one of the two terminal divisions of sciatic nerve. Normally, it descends obliquely along the lateral side of popliteal fossa and curves lateral to neck of fibula, deep to peroneus longus muscle. Here it divides into superficial peroneal nerve (SPN) and deep peroneal nerve (DPN). The DPN gives muscular branches to tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus and peroneus tertius and the SPN supplies peroneus longus and peroneus brevis. There have been previous reports of variations in the branching pattern of CPN but as per our knowledge direct branches of CPN supplying muscles of anterior and lateral compartment of leg has not been reported. During routine dissection of a lower limb for medical undergraduate students an abnormal branching pattern of common peroneal nerve was observed in the right leg, in a 50 year old male cadaver. Instead of dividing into two terminal branches, i.e. SPN and DPN, the CPN divided into six branches immediately behind the neck of fibula. Four branches supplied muscles of anterior and lateral compartments of leg and two branches continued as SPN and DPN. Awareness of the anomalous innervation pattern of the muscles of leg will be of immense importance to surgeons performing high tibial osteotomy, percutaneous placement of wires in proximal fibula, decompression of CPN and biopsy of proximal fibula and various other surgeries of this region. Conflicts of interest The author has none to declare. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jasi.2016.08.352
46 Unilateral variation of the mental foramen M. Verma Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, India Mental foramen is present on the anterolateral aspect of the body of the mandible. Mental nerves and vessels pass through it and supply the area from canine to 1st molar. The mental nerve is the neurosensory nerve. Foramen present on the body of the mandible other than the mental foramen is considered as accessory foramen. This study reports a case of unilateral variation of mental foramen. During the anatomical teaching curriculum, we observed an accessory mental foramen on the right side of the dried mandible. Morphometric analysis of mental foramen and accessory mental foramen from various anatomical landmarks was done and results were tabulated. Variation in number of mental foramen is not uncommon. Variations in the number of mental foramen are important when the premolar region is targeted for surgical intervention like osteotomy, root canal treatment and maxillofacial surgeries. Determination of implantation site and achievement of complete nerve block in that region depends upon the anatomical position and possible variation of mental foramen. The knowledge of accurate position of mental foramen is important to avoid damage to neurovascular bundles passing through it and also achieve absolute anesthetic effect at the anterolateral mandibular region. Conflicts of interest The author has none to declare. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jasi.2016.08.353 47 Morphometric study of dorsalis pedis artery and variation in its branching pattern: A cadaveric study Rakesh Kumar Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Karnataka, India Dorsalis pedis artery (DPA) is the chief artery that supplies the dorsum of foot. Palpation of the DPA at dorsum of foot is important in cases of arteriosclerotic diseases. A sound knowledge of anatomy of the DPA and its branching pattern is essential for the ankle surgeries. So, the aim of the study was to study the morphometric parameters of dorsalis pedis artery and to look for variations in its branching pattern. 30 lower limb specimens of unspecified sex were dissected. Length of the dorsalis pedis artery was measured (intermalleolar line to the termination). The distance of the artery from the medial malleolus and the lateral malleolus was measured in the intermalleolar line. Variation in the branching pattern was also noted down and photographed. In this study the average length of artery was found to be 7.8 cm, average length from medial malleolus was 3.9 cm and average length from lateral malleolus was 4.5 cm. The normal branching pattern of medial tarsal artery is noticed in 53% and lateral tarsal artery in 63% of cases. The arcuate artery was absent in 3% of cases. Palpation of dorsalis pedis artery is very important especially in arterial occlusive diseases. A good knowledge of its morphometry and branching pattern is helpful in various foot surgeries.
Abstracts / Journal of the Anatomical Society of India 65S (2016) S98–S142
shaft of humerus about 5 cm proximal to the medial epicondyle. It represents an embryonic vestigial remnant in climbing animals and felines. It may be joined to the medial epicondyle by a fibrous band called ligament of Struthers, which may ossify. It is usually asymptomatic but can present with the symptoms like median nerve and brachial artery compression when associated with Struthers ligament. Our study aims to find the incidence and morphometry of supracondylar spur in Jharkhand population. 127 dried humeri were studied from the Department of Anatomy, RIMS, Ranchi. Bones were examined for presence of supracondylar spur and its dimensions were recorded with Vernier caliper and photographs taken. Out of 127 dried humeri only in one left humerus, supracondylar spur of length 2.4 cm was found on the anteromedial surface, at a distance of 5.6 cm from the tip of medial epicondyle. The incidence calculated in our study was 0.78%. The knowledge of supracondylar spur is important for clinicians, radiologists and anatomists as its symptoms mimic carpal tunnel syndrome. Its incidence reported in past varies from 0.1% to 2.7% in different races. Our study revealed its low incidence in Jharkhand population. Conflicts of interest The author has none to declare. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jasi.2016.08.351 45 An anomalous variation in the innervation of the muscles of anterior and lateral compartments of leg by common peroneal nerve: A case report P.P. Samanta SMS&R, Sharda University, Knowledge Park III, Plot No 32-34, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India The common peroneal nerve (CPN) is one of the two terminal divisions of sciatic nerve. Normally, it descends obliquely along the lateral side of popliteal fossa and curves lateral to neck of fibula, deep to peroneus longus muscle. Here it divides into superficial peroneal nerve (SPN) and deep peroneal nerve (DPN). The DPN gives muscular branches to tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus and peroneus tertius and the SPN supplies peroneus longus and peroneus brevis. There have been previous reports of variations in the branching pattern of CPN but as per our knowledge direct branches of CPN supplying muscles of anterior and lateral compartment of leg has not been reported. During routine dissection of a lower limb for medical undergraduate students an abnormal branching pattern of common peroneal nerve was observed in the right leg, in a 50 year old male cadaver. Instead of dividing into two terminal branches, i.e. SPN and DPN, the CPN divided into six branches immediately behind the neck of fibula. Four branches supplied muscles of anterior and lateral compartments of leg and two branches continued as SPN and DPN. Awareness of the anomalous innervation pattern of the muscles of leg will be of immense importance to surgeons performing high tibial osteotomy, percutaneous placement of wires in proximal fibula, decompression of CPN and biopsy of proximal fibula and various other surgeries of this region. Conflicts of interest The author has none to declare. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jasi.2016.08.352
46 Unilateral variation of the mental foramen M. Verma Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, India Mental foramen is present on the anterolateral aspect of the body of the mandible. Mental nerves and vessels pass through it and supply the area from canine to 1st molar. The mental nerve is the neurosensory nerve. Foramen present on the body of the mandible other than the mental foramen is considered as accessory foramen. This study reports a case of unilateral variation of mental foramen. During the anatomical teaching curriculum, we observed an accessory mental foramen on the right side of the dried mandible. Morphometric analysis of mental foramen and accessory mental foramen from various anatomical landmarks was done and results were tabulated. Variation in number of mental foramen is not uncommon. Variations in the number of mental foramen are important when the premolar region is targeted for surgical intervention like osteotomy, root canal treatment and maxillofacial surgeries. Determination of implantation site and achievement of complete nerve block in that region depends upon the anatomical position and possible variation of mental foramen. The knowledge of accurate position of mental foramen is important to avoid damage to neurovascular bundles passing through it and also achieve absolute anesthetic effect at the anterolateral mandibular region. Conflicts of interest The author has none to declare. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jasi.2016.08.353 47 Morphometric study of dorsalis pedis artery and variation in its branching pattern: A cadaveric study Rakesh Kumar Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Karnataka, India Dorsalis pedis artery (DPA) is the chief artery that supplies the dorsum of foot. Palpation of the DPA at dorsum of foot is important in cases of arteriosclerotic diseases. A sound knowledge of anatomy of the DPA and its branching pattern is essential for the ankle surgeries. So, the aim of the study was to study the morphometric parameters of dorsalis pedis artery and to look for variations in its branching pattern. 30 lower limb specimens of unspecified sex were dissected. Length of the dorsalis pedis artery was measured (intermalleolar line to the termination). The distance of the artery from the medial malleolus and the lateral malleolus was measured in the intermalleolar line. Variation in the branching pattern was also noted down and photographed. In this study the average length of artery was found to be 7.8 cm, average length from medial malleolus was 3.9 cm and average length from lateral malleolus was 4.5 cm. The normal branching pattern of medial tarsal artery is noticed in 53% and lateral tarsal artery in 63% of cases. The arcuate artery was absent in 3% of cases. Palpation of dorsalis pedis artery is very important especially in arterial occlusive diseases. A good knowledge of its morphometry and branching pattern is helpful in various foot surgeries.