Untersuchungen über die zeitliche und räumliche lmmissionsverteilung im stadtgebiet München

Geoforum

92

unknown

in Marxist

assumption

countries.

own work or the work of his friends wider context; economically man differs

geographically, and historically.

In thisrespect But in

will have to

alone cannot achieve the by GEIPEL.

people must be educated,

not only

trained,

to take over our complex

society.

It is easy to train people to assemble

industriat

cars and even easier to train them to drive cars. It takes more intellectual sides to educate has meant

effort

on both

people about what the car

in terms of increased mobility,

increased productivity, landscape,

changes in the urban

or in short, in terms of our daily

life. And the car is just part of our industrial society,

which some people prefer to call our

postindustrial GEIPEL

society.

reference

tious enough to comprehend the problem,

meteorological

as his

area. He hopes that seven industry

development

behind the industrial

in the world.

aspects; the complexity

He includes many

and the links of the

real world are well emphasized. a book on the industrial world

He aims for

development

in the

rather than a book on the industrial

development

of the Rhine-Main-region.

ers may differ

whether

The data for the research were collected

most readers will agree that GEIPEL much stimulating of one book.

material

within

provides the covers

It should be valuable

to highschool

not only

teachers and university

lecturers

but to mass media courses as well.

temperature

ALEXANDERSSON,

insofar as it effects the total amount

scattered

throughout

the built-up

area of

the city. There was a basic network continuous

recording

up between

September

all giving half hourly In addition,

level of emissions. After

of seven

stations for SOa, set 1963 and June 1966,

mean concentrations.

pattern,

at regular intervals

in the city centre itself. All these recorders the concentrations

and hydrocarbons.

result was a formidable

apparatus

of

The net

for investi-

fundamental

hypothesis,

very large number potentially

affect

that among the

of factors that could levels of urban air pollu-

tion, three would be of outstanding

im-

a)

in the strength of the

emissions; b)

and duration

of the dif-

types of meteorological

better governmental

certainly,

air pollution

important

lessons to be learnt.

Kingdom,

for example,

In the United

similar trends have

in the historical

pattern

of

emissions, but the change has traditionally been ascribed to the impact of the Clean Air Acts. In Munich legislation, identical.

there has been no such

yet the changes are almost In this respect it is a pity that this Finally,

ignored particulate

there could usefully

have

been some discussion of the costs of this research project,

for there is no question,

for studying an intractable Mark BLACKSELL,

She then proceeds to examine

and,

there would appear to be some

methodofogy

social problem.

situation;

and c) urban morphology.

conclusions.

expresses the

but that it is a most effective

the frequency ferent

the author

piece of research totally

of sources of pollution

whrch

hope that the resuits of this study will be

poltution.

the distribution

conditions,

air pollution.

been found

begins her analysis with the

is

emissions

in the level of urban

policies for controlling

gating air quality. HERBERiCH

the variations

used to formulate

the levels of SOz, but thirty-one

of them also recorded

rather than meteorological

factor,ial

HER5ERlCH

that it is the pattern

In her conclusion

across the city and extra sites were operated measured

in no doubt,

of heat

the overall

a detailed

analysis of all these factors

explain

sixty four stations were set out,

in a geometric

the light of this hypothesis

Stockholm

slightly; but

would only seem to be important

used in the city and, therefore,

from a whole series of recorders,

three very clear-cut Gunnar

in the suburbs; wind speed helps

1969,

and the variations But

Wind direction

affects the general distribution,

over a six year period up to the end of

achieves to provide the world survey that is program.

on the level of air pollution. particularly

and analysed.

Prevailing meteorological

to reduce overall concentrations

or not GEIPEL

essential to any educational

relates to the

and forms the

are shown to have but little effect

marginally

and care with which

portance:

Read-

conditions

part of the study. conditions

the scope of

studies based on this region will help him show the mechanisms

The third conclusion

most surprising and, perhaps, controversial

in a

is ambi-

but this has not been allowed

to mar the precision

carbon monoxide

uses the Rhine-Main-region

breathe.

and pre-

of air quality

the data has been collected

for coverage in mass

learning process advocated

begins to

major urban area. The conception

and start to compete

form his own maffia with the muck-rakers media. Textbooks

sents a unique portrait

in a

from robots or machines.

in Munich

answer some of these difficulties

socially,

order to reach his goal GEIPEL

Young

study of air pollution

His basic

is that man needs to see his

19/74

Exetet,

UK

her data in

and comes to

and statistically

sound

First of all it is clear that there

has been steady fall in the level of SOa in virtually

all parts of the city, mainly due to

the changes and improvements taken place recently

HERB&RICH,

Edda (1971):

iiber die zeitliche verteilung

und raumliche

im Stadtgebiet

of the areal and temporal distribution

Immissions-

Miinchen variations

(A study in the

Heft 24. 80 S., 47 Abb., lnstitut

19 Tab.

der Justus

virtually

IFO-lnstituts.

al! SO2 pollution

derives from this

source. There are for instance spectacular differences,

between

with an area central

heating system and the

is the sharp rise in the concentraIt is known

correlation, is an extremely

plex physical phenomenum. reasons, both socioeconomic

com-

tration

For varfous

between

and hydro-

that both these subthe levels of concen-

and the density and speed of move-

ment of road traffic,

21 1 S., 4 Karten. Verlag.

DM 20,-.

lnteresse gilt der Entwicklungshilfe. ergibt sich such die Zielsetzung vorliegenden

umfangreichen

aufzuzeigen, den Anleitung

Der Verfasser

20 jahren

number of cars on the road, but also the

gen und Statistiken

standard of traffic

sowie auf eingehende

the long-term.

HERBERiCH’s

remarkable

directly

affect the quality

going

of the air we

to

der Bantugeentwickelt

hat.

stiitzt sich auf Ver~ffentlichun-

almost impossible

is

nam-

und Hilfe det sudafrikanischen

die Landwirtschaft

It shows that in the future

engineering

Arbeit,

wie sich untet der weitgreifen-

biete in den letzten not only the

Daraus

seiner hier

iich: am Beispiel von Siid- und Siidwestafrika

environmental, its dimensions are constantly changing, making it difficult to define and in

des Miinchen:

Der Verfasser dieser Untersuchung ist landwirtschaftlicher Fachmann. Sein besonderes

Behorden

is most important.

and physical-

to measure accurately

Afrika-Forschungs-

Nr. 26, Afrika-Studienstelie

Weltforum

der

von

a suburb of the city

tions of both carbon monoxide carbons.

Die Entwicklung

in den Bantugebieten

Siid- und Siidwestafrika.

stances can be highly toxic and the high

Liebig-Universitit. Urban air pollution

space

W. (1970):

berichr

discovery

Giessener Geographische

Giessen: Geographisches

in domestic

MAGURA,

Landwirtschaft

heating systems. It would appear that

rest of the urban area. The second important

of emissions in the Munich

conurbation). Schriften,

Untersuchungen

that have

gaben rahlreicher

der Repubiik Erhebungen

Fachleute.

Siidafrika und An-

Er hat ein