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Use of supercomputers for predicting three-dimensional ground deformations due to tunnelling in soft soils
191A 913485 Tu~m41ing problems in young Himalayas I¢ladan, M M Proc TunnelConstruction '90, London, 3-4 April 1990 P6365. Publ London: IMM, 1990 Ground conditions in the Himalayan region vary from flowing and squeezing to tough rocks, with numerous fault, shear and thrust zones, often accompanied by gassy conditions. Different tunnelling methods ranging from conventional to the most modern, manual to fully mechanized are employed. Typical tunnelling problems in the Himalayas and methods employed are discussed. An overview of the present state of tunnelling projects in India and details of progress achieved, geological conditions,and the type of construction equipment used are given. 913486 Pipejacking in water-saturated ground Nussbaumer, M Proc Tunnel Construction '90, London, 3-4 April 1990 P7783. Publ London: IMM. 1990 Hydraulic pipe jacking is widely used where difficult geological and hydrological conditions are encountered in loose soil close to the ground surface. Pipe jacking in the groundwater zone is carried out when open trench pipe laying involving lowering of the groundwater level is ruled out for geotechnical reasons, because of existing structures, or because it is too expensive. Details on the design and application of this technique are presented, including working under compressed air, face stability, curve alignment, and shields. 913487 Use of supercomputers for predicting three-dimensional ground deformations due to tunnelling in soft soils Lee, K M; Rowe, R K Proc 3rd International Symposium on Numerical Models in Geomechanics (NUMOG i!!), Niagara Falls, 8-11 May 1989 P481-488. Publ London: Elsevier Applied Science. 1989 Numerical simulation of step-by-step tunnel construction using an elastoplastic finite element formulation is described. A large system of nonlinear equations results from the formulation adopted, necessitating substantial amounts of memory and processing time for solution. Special programming requirements for vector processors are discussed. Solution times using ETA-10P and CRAY XMP vector processor supercomputers are compared to those from scalar processors.
Power plants See also: 913226 913489 Rock caverns for the electrical power industry Richards, L R
Proc Seminar Rock Cavern-Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 8-9 December 1989 P95-107. Publ London: IMM, 1989 The use of underground caverns for the storage of oil and gas products is now an accepted and proven alternative to conventional storage above ground. A brief review of the use of underground caverns for active power generation or energy storage is presented. The advantages of underground space are shown to relate not only to the volume of the underground cavern, but also the depth below surface.
Mines See also: 913065. 913354 913490 Steep seam mining in France Forryan, M A Colliery Guard V238, Nil. Nov 1990, P288-291 Vouters Mine in the Lorraine Basin exploits a steeply dipping deposit (60-90 deg) at depth 170m. Seam thicknesses of 2-16m are worked, the length of the panels depending on location of faults and thickness of coal barriers required to support workings. Retreat mining with continuous miners and sand backfill is used. Access to the face is via a central tubbing, infill is carried out after a half face has been cut. This simple method has been more successful than Iongwall retreat with shearers and a full width continuous miner. " 913491
Alternative methods of shaft sinking through water-bearing strata Keeble. S Min Engr VI50, N351, Dec 1990, P207-214 Mechanised excavation techniques offer potential advantages over drill and blast where water bearing strata are met. Possible methods are reviewed: shaft drilling, shaft boring, raise boring, and raise drilling. Muck retrieval and removal, lining systems, ground treatment for aquifers,and testing for watertightness are described. Current limitations and development are assessed. Applications to UK coal mines are examined.
913488 Theoretical and experimental studies of a tunnel face in a gravel site. Part h basic theoretical approaches Monnet, J: Chaffois. S: Chapeau. C; Mohkam, M Proc 3rd International Symposium on Numerical Models in Geomechanics (NUMOG i!!), Niagara Falls, 8-11 May 1989 P497-504. Publ London: Elsecier Applied Science. 1989
913492 Development of modeling procedures for coal mine stability evaluation Maleki, H N Rock Mechanics Contributions and Challenges: Proc 31st US Symposium, Golden, 18-20 June 1990 P85.92. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1990
The Lyons subway line D river crossing section was in high permeability sandy-gravel soils and was executed using a slurry shield. Stability of the tunnel face under pressure was first examined. Initial analysis used a variational formulation of the 3 dimensional limit equilibrium analysis incorporating classical standard plasticity. Effects of different types of mud cake were considered. A second analysis used a 3 dimensional finite element approach with an elastoplastic constitutive law. Relations between slurry pressure and elastic and plastic deformations were investigated.
Existing empirical methods for design of mines in jointed coal measures rock are simplistic, whilst numerical design methods tend to be too general. To overcome these shortcomings, an integrated approach using results from a geotechnical monitoring system plus numerical modelling has been developed. Overall stress distribution is calculated using the 3D boundary element code EXPAREA. Coupled analysis with the 2D codes MINAP (boundary element) and JAC (finite element) is used to delineate potentially unstable zones. A comprehensive case study of a western US coal mine is shown.
~ 1991 Pergamon Press pie. Reproduction not permitted
Power plants See also: 913226 913489 Rock caverns for the electrical power industry Richards, L R
Proc Seminar Rock Cavern-Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 8-9 December 1989 P95-107. Publ London: IMM, 1989 The use of underground caverns for the storage of oil and gas products is now an accepted and proven alternative to conventional storage above ground. A brief review of the use of underground caverns for active power generation or energy storage is presented. The advantages of underground space are shown to relate not only to the volume of the underground cavern, but also the depth below surface.
Mines See also: 913065. 913354 913490 Steep seam mining in France Forryan, M A Colliery Guard V238, Nil. Nov 1990, P288-291 Vouters Mine in the Lorraine Basin exploits a steeply dipping deposit (60-90 deg) at depth 170m. Seam thicknesses of 2-16m are worked, the length of the panels depending on location of faults and thickness of coal barriers required to support workings. Retreat mining with continuous miners and sand backfill is used. Access to the face is via a central tubbing, infill is carried out after a half face has been cut. This simple method has been more successful than Iongwall retreat with shearers and a full width continuous miner. " 913491
Alternative methods of shaft sinking through water-bearing strata Keeble. S Min Engr VI50, N351, Dec 1990, P207-214 Mechanised excavation techniques offer potential advantages over drill and blast where water bearing strata are met. Possible methods are reviewed: shaft drilling, shaft boring, raise boring, and raise drilling. Muck retrieval and removal, lining systems, ground treatment for aquifers,and testing for watertightness are described. Current limitations and development are assessed. Applications to UK coal mines are examined.
913488 Theoretical and experimental studies of a tunnel face in a gravel site. Part h basic theoretical approaches Monnet, J: Chaffois. S: Chapeau. C; Mohkam, M Proc 3rd International Symposium on Numerical Models in Geomechanics (NUMOG i!!), Niagara Falls, 8-11 May 1989 P497-504. Publ London: Elsecier Applied Science. 1989
913492 Development of modeling procedures for coal mine stability evaluation Maleki, H N Rock Mechanics Contributions and Challenges: Proc 31st US Symposium, Golden, 18-20 June 1990 P85.92. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1990
The Lyons subway line D river crossing section was in high permeability sandy-gravel soils and was executed using a slurry shield. Stability of the tunnel face under pressure was first examined. Initial analysis used a variational formulation of the 3 dimensional limit equilibrium analysis incorporating classical standard plasticity. Effects of different types of mud cake were considered. A second analysis used a 3 dimensional finite element approach with an elastoplastic constitutive law. Relations between slurry pressure and elastic and plastic deformations were investigated.
Existing empirical methods for design of mines in jointed coal measures rock are simplistic, whilst numerical design methods tend to be too general. To overcome these shortcomings, an integrated approach using results from a geotechnical monitoring system plus numerical modelling has been developed. Overall stress distribution is calculated using the 3D boundary element code EXPAREA. Coupled analysis with the 2D codes MINAP (boundary element) and JAC (finite element) is used to delineate potentially unstable zones. A comprehensive case study of a western US coal mine is shown.
~ 1991 Pergamon Press pie. Reproduction not permitted