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WESTMINSTER MEDICAL SOCIETY, November 8, 1828.
232
tory
tumour was
passing
into
suppuration. ’day
no
change
had taken
the
place, only
poultices were now used, and dread of water had again diminished; some having been distinctlyfelt, the ’ ounces of the decoct. senistae were injected tumour was opened by a trocar, and three into the stomach. He was bled to tbirtv. pints of a very fœtid, thick, dirty-white pus two ounces, after which twelve ounces were Laving been evacuated, it collapsed, and the slowly transfused, but without any effect.
Emollient fluctuation
wound
time,
having
kept open for a short On the following day the patient had conperfectly recovered.—Ob- siderably changed ; the face was pale, the
been
the patient servatore di Napoli.
and the dread of eyes glassy, that he taken with
lent, I at the
water so
vio.
shivering only
was
sight of it. In the afternoon, after bleeding of six ounces, five ounces of blood were again injected ; immediately after the operation the patient drank some water, but
METHOD OF ARRESTING THE BLEEDING FROM
a
LEECH-BITES.
It is well known that sometimes, especially in very young children and persons died an hour afterwards, in convulsions. of scorbutic habit, all the means recomThe same author relates the following mended to check the hemorrhage from case :-A female died during delivery, and leech-bites, as cold water, fiour, alum, caus- the child was extracted by the Cæsarian tics, and pressure, prove so entirely useless, section ; it was in a state of asphyxia and that actual cautery and ligature must at last bleeding ;the warm bath and frictions failed be resorted to. M. Ridalfo, of Leghorn, re- in recovering it. Two ounces ofbloodhavcommends a new method, which he has been injected into the umbilical vein, ing found as safe a8 it is simple. It consists in some movements in the face were visible, applying a cupping-glass to the wound, but life was not restored. when a coagulum is aimost immediately Dr. Dieffenbach has made many experi. formed, and the bleeding arrested. This ments relative to transfusion, If an animal effect is very quickly produced, and has were brought into a state of asphyxia by copi. been found to take place even in children, ous, it was not unfrequently restored bleeding and ia’persons where the mass of the blood to life transfusion from an animal of the by appears to be in a state of dissolution, and same in most instances, however, without any tendency to copulation. The it diedspecies ; or very soon after the ope. instantly, instrument may safely be removed within a ration. Death ensued when, dur. always few minutes, but it is prudent to let the the asyphyxia, a considerable quantity ing coagulum remain for some time.—Repertorioof blood from an animal of another species di Medic. and di Chirurg. di Torino. was even the
though quantity of bloodinjected, injected gene. very small, the in these experiments. Some rally affected animals be was
as was
case
TRANSFUSION.
Dr. Dieffenbach, of Berlin, has lately employed transfusion in a case of hydrophobia, but without any apparent effect. The patient was a middle-aged man, who had been bitten four weeks before he was seen byDr. D. ; at this time he was tranquil, and fully conscious of his state, but the eyes had a somewhat wild expression ; the pupils were dilated ; the pulse 92, slow and intermitting, with two quick pulsations, full and sharp ; lie had burning thirst, but so violent a dread of water that the least attempt to drink caused convulsions. He had taken an emetic, and afterwards calomel with belladonna; but these means having noeii’ect, and his state becoming worse, transfusion was After a bleeding of &4 resolved upon. ounces, 12 ounces of blood were, at two difIerent periods, injected. At each injection the pulse rose and became regular, and after some time the dread of fluids seemed to diminish ; in order to quench the violent thirst, a few ounces of water were injected into the stomach. In the evening the patient had had some shivering, and was teverish ; the pupils remained dilated, even in the strongest light. On the next ,
appeared to more easily bya different blood than others ; cats and dogs, for instance, more than sheep. Coldblooded animals almost always died after the injection of the serum of blood from warm-blooded animals.
Birds seemed to be
unable to bear even the smallest quantity of blood from a quadruped ; they died instantaneously, and under the most violent
convulsions.—Rust’s Repertorium.
WESTMINSTER MEDICAL SOCIETY, November 8,
1828.
Mr. CÆSAR HAWKINS in the Chair. DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERISTICS BETWEEN MEASLES
AND
SCARLATINA,
ANDTREAT-
MENT.
THE minutes of tLe meeting
were
read.
Mr. DOUCHEZ read a paper upon the sutof measles and scarlatina, the ohject of was to have elicited from the Socie-til, best characteristics by which the two
ject
i which the
233
be distinguished, that the eased state of the throat. He wished to which had been know from Dr. Copland, how it was that four most violent poisons so often found ted, from the one having been mistaken for theother, might not be repeated, and to havei io. the human system, always attacked the the best plan of tteatment laid down. He throat,-namely, that of lues, smallpox, had, in the course of his practice, (having scarlatina, and measles? treated, and seen treated, hundreds of cases Dr. COPLAND could not think Dr. Greof these diseases,) witnessed innumerable in ea1’nest, in putting such a question gory he this cause. As far as from errors fatal to him, if he had any expectation of its bespoke of the treatment, he recommended ing answered. Such an interrogatory reone, called the antiphloGOSTIC! (Laughter.) quired consideration, and he (Dr. Copland) This word having been repeated several was not willing to commit himself. Dr. times by the author, created considerable Gregory would have to follow Nature, in amusement throughout the Society. tracing many effects from given causes, and Dr, SOMERVILLE would have been glad there learn. (Laughter.) to know whether the author, in his very Dr. WEBSTER spoke repeatedly, but extensive practice, had given his atten-always so inaudibly, that he was unintellition to the application of cold lotions ingible. scarlatina, and, if he had, what the effect Mr. JEWEL. believed measles always to be was; also, what was the greatest diminu- ushered in with pulmonic symptoms, and tion of temperature lie had seen follow the his practice was, to attack the disease with The Doctor had observed it folpractice. depletion generally, and, in most cases, the low almost- to a frightful extent. application of blisters. By this plan, the Dr. MILLIGAN looked upon the eruptions consumption, which often followed meaon the skin as highly important, as well as sles, was almost invariably prevented. When the condition of the tongue, in forming a a child, in a family of many more children, correct diagnosis in these maladies. In was seized with scarlatina, which was conscarlatina, the eruption appeared usually on tagious, (and the throat always became more the second or third day, and, in measles, or less affected, wherever the slightest apnever till the fourth or fifth. The eruption, pearance existed of the disease having been in measles, was generally papillary, and communieated to other branches of the horse-shoe shaped,—never many of the family,) he bled freely ; and, in this way, almost prevented the proeruptions running into one another in clusters,—which is the case in scarlatina, gress of the contagion. He never hesitated In measles, the temperature of the body applying blisters, even where the eruption rose higher than in any other condition,- was full on the skin. much more so than in scarlatina. He was Mr. N ORTII deprecated this practice exaverse to blistering, and agreed with the ceedingly. He had often seen blisters resorted to, where the eruption was on the antiphlogistic plan. with such effect as to skin, but Dr. GREGORY observed, that scarlatina have causedalways him to make up his mind, nesometimes preceded, sometimes followed, a blister in ver, whilst he existed, to and sometimes accompanied, smallpox. The such cases. I-le could notapply himself to bring profession had been informed by Mr. Arnott, believe that any effect but the worst,that there was a connection, or sympathy, almost always death,-must follow the apbetween erysipelas, on the external parts of of where the skin was in plication the body, and the throat, with which he the conditionblisters, alluded to. The most promicordially agreed ; and he believed that scar- nent features between mea-
diseases
might
many fatal
commit- i
the
errors
I
!
had
invariably
distinguishing latina had its rudimental seat in the throat, sles and scarlatina were, that, in scarlet and that the affection of the skin was merely there is an efflorescent appearance fever, a symptom, or consequence, of the diseased over the body of it regenerally, yet condition of the throat. Hence the dropsy main without the appearance ; wheieas, in that frequently followed this disease, but did measles, generally, the body presented not follow measles, where the eruption of and which never ran into an efflothe skin was much more irritating. The specks, rescent state : these specks were never seen auasarca, he believed, arose from an in- in scarlatina. He, with the majority of creased action, and over-irritable condition, the Society, agreed in the propriety Qf of the vessels, than which no condition oj the antiphlogistic plan. dropsy was more under the controul of me. adopting in far the number oi dicine; for, b greater cases, patients recovered. From this he concluded, there was no connection between a diseased state of the skin and dropsy, but
parts
that the latler
was
connected
witha
dis.
tory
tumour was
passing
into
suppuration. ’day
no
change
had taken
the
place, only
poultices were now used, and dread of water had again diminished; some having been distinctlyfelt, the ’ ounces of the decoct. senistae were injected tumour was opened by a trocar, and three into the stomach. He was bled to tbirtv. pints of a very fœtid, thick, dirty-white pus two ounces, after which twelve ounces were Laving been evacuated, it collapsed, and the slowly transfused, but without any effect.
Emollient fluctuation
wound
time,
having
kept open for a short On the following day the patient had conperfectly recovered.—Ob- siderably changed ; the face was pale, the
been
the patient servatore di Napoli.
and the dread of eyes glassy, that he taken with
lent, I at the
water so
vio.
shivering only
was
sight of it. In the afternoon, after bleeding of six ounces, five ounces of blood were again injected ; immediately after the operation the patient drank some water, but
METHOD OF ARRESTING THE BLEEDING FROM
a
LEECH-BITES.
It is well known that sometimes, especially in very young children and persons died an hour afterwards, in convulsions. of scorbutic habit, all the means recomThe same author relates the following mended to check the hemorrhage from case :-A female died during delivery, and leech-bites, as cold water, fiour, alum, caus- the child was extracted by the Cæsarian tics, and pressure, prove so entirely useless, section ; it was in a state of asphyxia and that actual cautery and ligature must at last bleeding ;the warm bath and frictions failed be resorted to. M. Ridalfo, of Leghorn, re- in recovering it. Two ounces ofbloodhavcommends a new method, which he has been injected into the umbilical vein, ing found as safe a8 it is simple. It consists in some movements in the face were visible, applying a cupping-glass to the wound, but life was not restored. when a coagulum is aimost immediately Dr. Dieffenbach has made many experi. formed, and the bleeding arrested. This ments relative to transfusion, If an animal effect is very quickly produced, and has were brought into a state of asphyxia by copi. been found to take place even in children, ous, it was not unfrequently restored bleeding and ia’persons where the mass of the blood to life transfusion from an animal of the by appears to be in a state of dissolution, and same in most instances, however, without any tendency to copulation. The it diedspecies ; or very soon after the ope. instantly, instrument may safely be removed within a ration. Death ensued when, dur. always few minutes, but it is prudent to let the the asyphyxia, a considerable quantity ing coagulum remain for some time.—Repertorioof blood from an animal of another species di Medic. and di Chirurg. di Torino. was even the
though quantity of bloodinjected, injected gene. very small, the in these experiments. Some rally affected animals be was
as was
case
TRANSFUSION.
Dr. Dieffenbach, of Berlin, has lately employed transfusion in a case of hydrophobia, but without any apparent effect. The patient was a middle-aged man, who had been bitten four weeks before he was seen byDr. D. ; at this time he was tranquil, and fully conscious of his state, but the eyes had a somewhat wild expression ; the pupils were dilated ; the pulse 92, slow and intermitting, with two quick pulsations, full and sharp ; lie had burning thirst, but so violent a dread of water that the least attempt to drink caused convulsions. He had taken an emetic, and afterwards calomel with belladonna; but these means having noeii’ect, and his state becoming worse, transfusion was After a bleeding of &4 resolved upon. ounces, 12 ounces of blood were, at two difIerent periods, injected. At each injection the pulse rose and became regular, and after some time the dread of fluids seemed to diminish ; in order to quench the violent thirst, a few ounces of water were injected into the stomach. In the evening the patient had had some shivering, and was teverish ; the pupils remained dilated, even in the strongest light. On the next ,
appeared to more easily bya different blood than others ; cats and dogs, for instance, more than sheep. Coldblooded animals almost always died after the injection of the serum of blood from warm-blooded animals.
Birds seemed to be
unable to bear even the smallest quantity of blood from a quadruped ; they died instantaneously, and under the most violent
convulsions.—Rust’s Repertorium.
WESTMINSTER MEDICAL SOCIETY, November 8,
1828.
Mr. CÆSAR HAWKINS in the Chair. DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERISTICS BETWEEN MEASLES
AND
SCARLATINA,
ANDTREAT-
MENT.
THE minutes of tLe meeting
were
read.
Mr. DOUCHEZ read a paper upon the sutof measles and scarlatina, the ohject of was to have elicited from the Socie-til, best characteristics by which the two
ject
i which the
233
be distinguished, that the eased state of the throat. He wished to which had been know from Dr. Copland, how it was that four most violent poisons so often found ted, from the one having been mistaken for theother, might not be repeated, and to havei io. the human system, always attacked the the best plan of tteatment laid down. He throat,-namely, that of lues, smallpox, had, in the course of his practice, (having scarlatina, and measles? treated, and seen treated, hundreds of cases Dr. COPLAND could not think Dr. Greof these diseases,) witnessed innumerable in ea1’nest, in putting such a question gory he this cause. As far as from errors fatal to him, if he had any expectation of its bespoke of the treatment, he recommended ing answered. Such an interrogatory reone, called the antiphloGOSTIC! (Laughter.) quired consideration, and he (Dr. Copland) This word having been repeated several was not willing to commit himself. Dr. times by the author, created considerable Gregory would have to follow Nature, in amusement throughout the Society. tracing many effects from given causes, and Dr, SOMERVILLE would have been glad there learn. (Laughter.) to know whether the author, in his very Dr. WEBSTER spoke repeatedly, but extensive practice, had given his atten-always so inaudibly, that he was unintellition to the application of cold lotions ingible. scarlatina, and, if he had, what the effect Mr. JEWEL. believed measles always to be was; also, what was the greatest diminu- ushered in with pulmonic symptoms, and tion of temperature lie had seen follow the his practice was, to attack the disease with The Doctor had observed it folpractice. depletion generally, and, in most cases, the low almost- to a frightful extent. application of blisters. By this plan, the Dr. MILLIGAN looked upon the eruptions consumption, which often followed meaon the skin as highly important, as well as sles, was almost invariably prevented. When the condition of the tongue, in forming a a child, in a family of many more children, correct diagnosis in these maladies. In was seized with scarlatina, which was conscarlatina, the eruption appeared usually on tagious, (and the throat always became more the second or third day, and, in measles, or less affected, wherever the slightest apnever till the fourth or fifth. The eruption, pearance existed of the disease having been in measles, was generally papillary, and communieated to other branches of the horse-shoe shaped,—never many of the family,) he bled freely ; and, in this way, almost prevented the proeruptions running into one another in clusters,—which is the case in scarlatina, gress of the contagion. He never hesitated In measles, the temperature of the body applying blisters, even where the eruption rose higher than in any other condition,- was full on the skin. much more so than in scarlatina. He was Mr. N ORTII deprecated this practice exaverse to blistering, and agreed with the ceedingly. He had often seen blisters resorted to, where the eruption was on the antiphlogistic plan. with such effect as to skin, but Dr. GREGORY observed, that scarlatina have causedalways him to make up his mind, nesometimes preceded, sometimes followed, a blister in ver, whilst he existed, to and sometimes accompanied, smallpox. The such cases. I-le could notapply himself to bring profession had been informed by Mr. Arnott, believe that any effect but the worst,that there was a connection, or sympathy, almost always death,-must follow the apbetween erysipelas, on the external parts of of where the skin was in plication the body, and the throat, with which he the conditionblisters, alluded to. The most promicordially agreed ; and he believed that scar- nent features between mea-
diseases
might
many fatal
commit- i
the
errors
I
!
had
invariably
distinguishing latina had its rudimental seat in the throat, sles and scarlatina were, that, in scarlet and that the affection of the skin was merely there is an efflorescent appearance fever, a symptom, or consequence, of the diseased over the body of it regenerally, yet condition of the throat. Hence the dropsy main without the appearance ; wheieas, in that frequently followed this disease, but did measles, generally, the body presented not follow measles, where the eruption of and which never ran into an efflothe skin was much more irritating. The specks, rescent state : these specks were never seen auasarca, he believed, arose from an in- in scarlatina. He, with the majority of creased action, and over-irritable condition, the Society, agreed in the propriety Qf of the vessels, than which no condition oj the antiphlogistic plan. dropsy was more under the controul of me. adopting in far the number oi dicine; for, b greater cases, patients recovered. From this he concluded, there was no connection between a diseased state of the skin and dropsy, but
parts
that the latler
was
connected
witha
dis.