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Women at work - ergonomic considerations
Abstracts To provide readers of Applied Ergonomics with a selection of current ergonomics literature likely to be of direct practical value, abstracts are published selected from the collection held at the Ergonomics Information Analysis Centre. These abstracts are classified in a similar manner to the main articles in the journal; for easy reference, the code number at the head of each abstract (eg, 1.1.21 ) consists of the volume number, part or issue number and a sequential abstract number. The published abstracts are only a selection of the Centre's material and readers concerned with specific areas are invited to contact the Centre for further information. Those readers unable to obtain copies of the original articles abstracted here through their usual sources, such as company librarian, may obtain photocopies from the Centre. Details of this service are available from The Ergonomics Information Analysis Centre, Department of Engineering Production, University of Birmingham, PO Box 363, Birmingham 15. Tel. 0 2 1 - 4 7 2 1301.
General 16.3.1 (89253)
International Business Machines Corporation IBM ergonomics handbook. IBM, Armonk, New York, USA, undated, 80 pp. Contents: What is ergonomics?; Posture; Anthropometrics; The back; The hand; Environment; Work design / organisation; Visual display terminals; Looking ahead and bibliography.
is multi-dimensional and requires collecting and interpreting information from a variety of sources in order to maximise human efficiency. This paper analyses the self-report inventory in a dual role of providing valuable information to employers and as an intervention to improve employee attributes. Factors that affect performance are identified and translated into questionnaire items. A specific inventory is then constructed and a brief discussion of administration is included.
16.3.6 (89281)
16.3.2 (89254)
International Labour Office
16.3.4 (89273)
Occupational safety and health in the iron and steel industry. ILO, Geneva, ILO Code of Practice, 1983, 342 pp.
Sell, R.
Detailed and practical guidance is given on the basic requirements for promoting safety and health throughout the industry, including foundries, and on the safety procedures, to be observed during production processes. The general provisions of the code are readily adaptable according to local circumstances, technical level and the scale of the operation, and the needs of both developing and developed countries have been taken fully into consideration. 16.3.3 (89257) Johnson, K.A. Designing and implementing an ergonomics inventory to improve management of human factors programs. In: Human Factors in Organisational Design and Management, Proceedings of the First Symposium held in Honolulu, Hawaii, 2 1 - 2 4 August 1984, Edited by H.W. Hendrick and O. Brown. North Holland, Amsterdam, 1984, pp 107116. The subject of human factors in organisational design and management
Occupational accidents and ergonomics problems in the maintenance (i e, the servicing and repairing) of heavy forest machinery are investigated on the basis of the literature, accident reports, interviews and observations. Heavy forest machinery includes those machines used in logging operations -forwarders, processors, harvesters and agricultural tractors equipped for forest work. The machinery is maintained by the operators mainly in the forest. The main problems in the work environment are caused by: cold in winter; the necessity of working barehanded; the handling of oil or solvents; the risk of slipping and failing associated with climbing up to and working on machines; troublesome working postures; the temporary need for great strength in handling heavy machine parts. The accident rate of maintenance work is high compared with the one of operating machines nearly as high as in logging work with chain saws. The prevention of health hazards and accidents related t o maintenance work is a difficult but essential question. The improved work conditions in the operator's cabs of the machinery have not, of course, improved the work conditions in the maintenance carried out mainly outdoors.
Ward, J.S.
Key human factors in manufacturing industry. Department of Employment, Work Research Unit, London, WRU Occasional Paper 25, 1983, 24 pp. When there are 'human' problems in an organisation the first thought of managers is usually to consider the 'fitting the man to the j o b ' techniques such as selection and training, whereas the thrust of this paper is to suggest that much more attention be given to fitting the job to the man. This paper, therefore, very briefly surveys some of the traditional ergonomics, quality of working life and humanisation of work factors which have to be taken into account in the design and operation of different types of manufacturing system. Its aim is to direct the reader to think about the human factors which have to be considered if a system is both to work effectively and meet the needs of its workers. 16.3.5 (89280)
Vayrynen, S. Safety and ergonomics in the maintenance of heavy forest machinery. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 1984, 16.2, 1 1 5 - 1 2 2 .
Women at work - ergonomic considerations. Ergonomics, 1984, 27.5,475-480. This paper explores the ergonomics implications for women at work of the provisions contained within the Health and Safety at Work Act of 1974, with particular reference to the design and maintenance of equipment, lifting and carrying tasks, training and supervision, access to the workplace and the working environment.
Central processes in man 16.3.7 (89301) Akersten, P.A., and Wirstad, J. Expert judgements for safety work in nuclear power plants. An inventory and evaluation of methods and procedures (Expertbedomningar vid Sakerhetsarbete i Karnkraftverk. lnventering och Vardering av Metoder och Tillvagagangssatt). (In Swedish.) Ergonomrad AB, Karlstad, Sweden, Report No 23, 1983, 133 pp. Data generating methods based on expert judgements are surveyed with regard to applications for safety and reliability work in nuclear power
Applied Ergonomics September1985
227
General 16.3.1 (89253)
International Business Machines Corporation IBM ergonomics handbook. IBM, Armonk, New York, USA, undated, 80 pp. Contents: What is ergonomics?; Posture; Anthropometrics; The back; The hand; Environment; Work design / organisation; Visual display terminals; Looking ahead and bibliography.
is multi-dimensional and requires collecting and interpreting information from a variety of sources in order to maximise human efficiency. This paper analyses the self-report inventory in a dual role of providing valuable information to employers and as an intervention to improve employee attributes. Factors that affect performance are identified and translated into questionnaire items. A specific inventory is then constructed and a brief discussion of administration is included.
16.3.6 (89281)
16.3.2 (89254)
International Labour Office
16.3.4 (89273)
Occupational safety and health in the iron and steel industry. ILO, Geneva, ILO Code of Practice, 1983, 342 pp.
Sell, R.
Detailed and practical guidance is given on the basic requirements for promoting safety and health throughout the industry, including foundries, and on the safety procedures, to be observed during production processes. The general provisions of the code are readily adaptable according to local circumstances, technical level and the scale of the operation, and the needs of both developing and developed countries have been taken fully into consideration. 16.3.3 (89257) Johnson, K.A. Designing and implementing an ergonomics inventory to improve management of human factors programs. In: Human Factors in Organisational Design and Management, Proceedings of the First Symposium held in Honolulu, Hawaii, 2 1 - 2 4 August 1984, Edited by H.W. Hendrick and O. Brown. North Holland, Amsterdam, 1984, pp 107116. The subject of human factors in organisational design and management
Occupational accidents and ergonomics problems in the maintenance (i e, the servicing and repairing) of heavy forest machinery are investigated on the basis of the literature, accident reports, interviews and observations. Heavy forest machinery includes those machines used in logging operations -forwarders, processors, harvesters and agricultural tractors equipped for forest work. The machinery is maintained by the operators mainly in the forest. The main problems in the work environment are caused by: cold in winter; the necessity of working barehanded; the handling of oil or solvents; the risk of slipping and failing associated with climbing up to and working on machines; troublesome working postures; the temporary need for great strength in handling heavy machine parts. The accident rate of maintenance work is high compared with the one of operating machines nearly as high as in logging work with chain saws. The prevention of health hazards and accidents related t o maintenance work is a difficult but essential question. The improved work conditions in the operator's cabs of the machinery have not, of course, improved the work conditions in the maintenance carried out mainly outdoors.
Ward, J.S.
Key human factors in manufacturing industry. Department of Employment, Work Research Unit, London, WRU Occasional Paper 25, 1983, 24 pp. When there are 'human' problems in an organisation the first thought of managers is usually to consider the 'fitting the man to the j o b ' techniques such as selection and training, whereas the thrust of this paper is to suggest that much more attention be given to fitting the job to the man. This paper, therefore, very briefly surveys some of the traditional ergonomics, quality of working life and humanisation of work factors which have to be taken into account in the design and operation of different types of manufacturing system. Its aim is to direct the reader to think about the human factors which have to be considered if a system is both to work effectively and meet the needs of its workers. 16.3.5 (89280)
Vayrynen, S. Safety and ergonomics in the maintenance of heavy forest machinery. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 1984, 16.2, 1 1 5 - 1 2 2 .
Women at work - ergonomic considerations. Ergonomics, 1984, 27.5,475-480. This paper explores the ergonomics implications for women at work of the provisions contained within the Health and Safety at Work Act of 1974, with particular reference to the design and maintenance of equipment, lifting and carrying tasks, training and supervision, access to the workplace and the working environment.
Central processes in man 16.3.7 (89301) Akersten, P.A., and Wirstad, J. Expert judgements for safety work in nuclear power plants. An inventory and evaluation of methods and procedures (Expertbedomningar vid Sakerhetsarbete i Karnkraftverk. lnventering och Vardering av Metoder och Tillvagagangssatt). (In Swedish.) Ergonomrad AB, Karlstad, Sweden, Report No 23, 1983, 133 pp. Data generating methods based on expert judgements are surveyed with regard to applications for safety and reliability work in nuclear power
Applied Ergonomics September1985
227