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The sanitary inspectors' examination board
September, 1899]
New South Wales
819
Dr. Armstrong's report covers the combined metropolitan districts. ~omprising 48 municipalities, including Sydney, with an area of 127,000 acres, and a total population of about 451,000. The deathrate of these districts varies from 1"5 to 13"3 in rural, and from 6"0 to 21'5 in urban, districts, with an average of 13"9 on the whole of the districts. With regard to small-pox, its position may be best understood by the fact that it is called an exotic disease, and as such is specially legislated for on its appearance on the seaboard. The notifiabte diseases are diphtheria and scarlet and enteric fevers. Of these diseases, nearly 4,000 cases were reported, the bulk being scarlet fever ; only 830 patients were removed to hospital. When we learn that isolation hospitals and steam disinfecting apparatus are practically absent throughout the district, one is tempted to ask to what end notification is practised; but doubtless these things will soon come. Dr. Robert Dick administers the sanitation of the Hunter River Combined Districts--i.e., 17 municipalities, with a total area of 37,500 acres, and a population imperfectly ascertained, but probably a little under ~0,000. The chief town of the district is Newcastle, but even there no isolation hospital is provided, the infectious diseases being received into the general hospitals in special wards. Both these reports show that the colony is not without officers who are prepared to cope with the administrative difficulties attending pioneer work in sanitation, and Dr. Ashburton Thompson may be congratulated on the success which appears to be attending his efforts.
THE SANITARY INSPECTORS' EXAMINATION BOARD. REGULATIONS AS TO EXAMINATIONS AND INSTRUCTION. THE Examination shall consist of two parts, Preliminary and Technical. The Preliminary Examination shall be written and oral, upon the following subjects : ENGliSH, including writing, spelling, composition and dictation. A~ITHM~IC, including fractions, vulgar and decimal, simple proportion, common weights and measures, mensuration of rectangles and rectangular solids as required by Schedule 1, Standard VI., of the Day Schools Code, 1898, of the Education Department, together with mensuration of circles, cylinders and spheres. No candidate shall be approved who fails to show in each of these subjects such proficiency as shall satisfy the Examiners of his ability to prepare official reports. The Technical Examination shall be written, oral and practical, upon the following subjects, so far as they bear upon the duties of a Sanitary Inspector : 1. Elementary Physics and Chemistry in relation to Water, Soil, Air and Ventilation. 2. Elementary Statistical Methods. 3. Municipal Hygiene or Hygiene of Communities, including Prevention and Abatement of Nuisances, Sanitary Defects in 55
820
T h e Sanitary Inspectors'
tPubncHe~atn
and about Buildings and their Remedies, Water Supplies, Sanitary Appliances, Drainage, Refuse Removal and Disposal, Offensive Trades, Disinfection, Food Inspection. 4. Statutes, and the Orders, Memoranda and Model Bye-Laws of the Local Government Board, and the B y e - L a ~ in force in the Administrative County of London. Every Candidate must forward to the Secretary of the Board, not later than fourteen days before the commencement of the Examination, notice of his intention to present himself for Examination, and half the appointed fee. The remaining half of the fee must be paid not later than seven days before the date of the Examination. Candidates for the Technical Examination must pass the Preliminary Examination, unless they shall have passed an Examination recognised by the Board in substitution for it ; and must forward to the Secretary of the Board not later than fourteen days before the commencement of the Examination : 1. Evidence of having attained the age of twenty-one years. 2. A recent testimonial as to personal character ; if possible, from a Clergyman, Medical Officer of Health, or other person holding an official position. 3. Evidence of having passed a recognised alternative Examination, in the ease of Candidates who claim exemption from the Preliminary Examination. 4. Evidence of training, consisting of : (a) Evidence of having held for not less than three years previous to ~he First day of January, 1900, the office of a Sanitary Inspector or Inspector of Nuisances in a Sanitary District in the United Kingdom having a population of not less than 5,000 at the last census ; or (b) A Certificate of Instruction, as prescribed below, from an Institution recognised by the Board. The Certificate of Instruction must show that the Candidate has attended a course of Instruction approved by the Board, consisting of not less than thirty-two systematic lectures, supplemented by demonstrations, and comprising the subjects of the Technical Examination, including : (a) Elementary Physics and Chemistry in relation to Water, Soil, Air and Ventilation. (b) Building Construction in its Sanitary relations. Measurement and drawing plans to scale. (c) The practical duties of a Sanitary Inspector, e.g., drawing up notices as to sanitary defects, taking samples of water, food, and drugs for analysis, food inspection, drain-testing, disinfection, methods of inspection, note-taking and reporting. The fee for the Preliminary Examination shall be one guinea, and for the Technical Examination three guineas. No fees will be returned excep~ in the case of a Candidate who, having entered for both Examinations, fails to pass the Preliminary Examination, in which case the fee for the Technical Examination wilt be returned to him. If a Candidate be prevented from attending by illness, or by other cause deemed sufficient by the Board, he will be admitted to the next Examination without further fee. An unsuccessful Candidate will be admitted to one subsequent Examination on payment of one-half the above fees. The Examinations shall be held twice in each year. The first Ex-
8o~,t~m~r, ZS991
E x a m i n a t i o n Board
82 l
amination shall commence on the first Tuesday in December, 1899, and will be couducted as follows : PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION-Tuesday: 10 a.m. to 1 p.m .... ..)"i~ Written and oral. 2 p.m. to 5 p.m .... W e d n e s d a y .. 10 a.m . . . . R e s u l t of P r e l i m i n a r y E x a m i n a t i o n Published. TECHNICAL EXAMINATION--
Thursday: 10
a.m. to 1 p.m.
9, p.m. to 5 p.m. Friday : 10 a.m. to 1 p.m . . . . . . . 2 p.m. to 6 p.m . . . . . . . Saturday : 10 a.m . . . . . . . . . .
Papers. Papers. Practical. Oral.
Every Candidate who passes the Examination will receive a Certificate to that effect, qualifying him for appointment as Sanitary Inspector under Section 108 (2) (d) of the Public Health (London) Act, 1891, and under any subsequent Act of Parliament or Order of the Local Government Board which m a y require Sanitary Inspectors or Inspectors of Nuisances to hold Certificates. The first Examination for Certificates of qualification for appointment of Sanitary Inspector, under Section 108 (2)(d) of the Public Health (London) Act, 1891, will be held in London on Tuesday, December 5th, 1899, and the four following days. Particulars will be forwarded on application to the Hon. Secretary, Wm. R. E. Coles, 1, Adelaide Buildings, London Bridge, E.C.
A HOUSE
RECORD.
~
BY F. J. ALLAN, M.D., Medical Officer of Health of Strand D.B. I HAVE for a long time been impressed with the necessity of having in the Health Department a system whereby a record of the sanitary history of each house could be kept in an accessible form. Under ordinary methods, information regarding any particular dwelling is scattered through a number of books, and authorities have had frequently to depend upon the memories of their officials. I f infectious diseases or deaths have occurred in a house, it requires considerable search through old papers to find record of them. In preparing the evidence in connection with the scheme under the Housing of the Working Classes Acts dealing with the insanitary area in the neighbourhood of Clare Market, much work was rendered necessary from this cause, and since then I have kept a street record of deaths, and this has gradually expanded to include a record of other matters connected with each house, but it was, at the best, only an index, In April, 1898, I explained to the Health Committee a scheme which the late clerk of the Board (who took a great interest in the matter) and I devised, and the Committee approved of the same. We found subsequently that a method similar had been adopted in 1894 by the * From Annual Report, 1898. 55--2
New South Wales
819
Dr. Armstrong's report covers the combined metropolitan districts. ~omprising 48 municipalities, including Sydney, with an area of 127,000 acres, and a total population of about 451,000. The deathrate of these districts varies from 1"5 to 13"3 in rural, and from 6"0 to 21'5 in urban, districts, with an average of 13"9 on the whole of the districts. With regard to small-pox, its position may be best understood by the fact that it is called an exotic disease, and as such is specially legislated for on its appearance on the seaboard. The notifiabte diseases are diphtheria and scarlet and enteric fevers. Of these diseases, nearly 4,000 cases were reported, the bulk being scarlet fever ; only 830 patients were removed to hospital. When we learn that isolation hospitals and steam disinfecting apparatus are practically absent throughout the district, one is tempted to ask to what end notification is practised; but doubtless these things will soon come. Dr. Robert Dick administers the sanitation of the Hunter River Combined Districts--i.e., 17 municipalities, with a total area of 37,500 acres, and a population imperfectly ascertained, but probably a little under ~0,000. The chief town of the district is Newcastle, but even there no isolation hospital is provided, the infectious diseases being received into the general hospitals in special wards. Both these reports show that the colony is not without officers who are prepared to cope with the administrative difficulties attending pioneer work in sanitation, and Dr. Ashburton Thompson may be congratulated on the success which appears to be attending his efforts.
THE SANITARY INSPECTORS' EXAMINATION BOARD. REGULATIONS AS TO EXAMINATIONS AND INSTRUCTION. THE Examination shall consist of two parts, Preliminary and Technical. The Preliminary Examination shall be written and oral, upon the following subjects : ENGliSH, including writing, spelling, composition and dictation. A~ITHM~IC, including fractions, vulgar and decimal, simple proportion, common weights and measures, mensuration of rectangles and rectangular solids as required by Schedule 1, Standard VI., of the Day Schools Code, 1898, of the Education Department, together with mensuration of circles, cylinders and spheres. No candidate shall be approved who fails to show in each of these subjects such proficiency as shall satisfy the Examiners of his ability to prepare official reports. The Technical Examination shall be written, oral and practical, upon the following subjects, so far as they bear upon the duties of a Sanitary Inspector : 1. Elementary Physics and Chemistry in relation to Water, Soil, Air and Ventilation. 2. Elementary Statistical Methods. 3. Municipal Hygiene or Hygiene of Communities, including Prevention and Abatement of Nuisances, Sanitary Defects in 55
820
T h e Sanitary Inspectors'
tPubncHe~atn
and about Buildings and their Remedies, Water Supplies, Sanitary Appliances, Drainage, Refuse Removal and Disposal, Offensive Trades, Disinfection, Food Inspection. 4. Statutes, and the Orders, Memoranda and Model Bye-Laws of the Local Government Board, and the B y e - L a ~ in force in the Administrative County of London. Every Candidate must forward to the Secretary of the Board, not later than fourteen days before the commencement of the Examination, notice of his intention to present himself for Examination, and half the appointed fee. The remaining half of the fee must be paid not later than seven days before the date of the Examination. Candidates for the Technical Examination must pass the Preliminary Examination, unless they shall have passed an Examination recognised by the Board in substitution for it ; and must forward to the Secretary of the Board not later than fourteen days before the commencement of the Examination : 1. Evidence of having attained the age of twenty-one years. 2. A recent testimonial as to personal character ; if possible, from a Clergyman, Medical Officer of Health, or other person holding an official position. 3. Evidence of having passed a recognised alternative Examination, in the ease of Candidates who claim exemption from the Preliminary Examination. 4. Evidence of training, consisting of : (a) Evidence of having held for not less than three years previous to ~he First day of January, 1900, the office of a Sanitary Inspector or Inspector of Nuisances in a Sanitary District in the United Kingdom having a population of not less than 5,000 at the last census ; or (b) A Certificate of Instruction, as prescribed below, from an Institution recognised by the Board. The Certificate of Instruction must show that the Candidate has attended a course of Instruction approved by the Board, consisting of not less than thirty-two systematic lectures, supplemented by demonstrations, and comprising the subjects of the Technical Examination, including : (a) Elementary Physics and Chemistry in relation to Water, Soil, Air and Ventilation. (b) Building Construction in its Sanitary relations. Measurement and drawing plans to scale. (c) The practical duties of a Sanitary Inspector, e.g., drawing up notices as to sanitary defects, taking samples of water, food, and drugs for analysis, food inspection, drain-testing, disinfection, methods of inspection, note-taking and reporting. The fee for the Preliminary Examination shall be one guinea, and for the Technical Examination three guineas. No fees will be returned excep~ in the case of a Candidate who, having entered for both Examinations, fails to pass the Preliminary Examination, in which case the fee for the Technical Examination wilt be returned to him. If a Candidate be prevented from attending by illness, or by other cause deemed sufficient by the Board, he will be admitted to the next Examination without further fee. An unsuccessful Candidate will be admitted to one subsequent Examination on payment of one-half the above fees. The Examinations shall be held twice in each year. The first Ex-
8o~,t~m~r, ZS991
E x a m i n a t i o n Board
82 l
amination shall commence on the first Tuesday in December, 1899, and will be couducted as follows : PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION-Tuesday: 10 a.m. to 1 p.m .... ..)"i~ Written and oral. 2 p.m. to 5 p.m .... W e d n e s d a y .. 10 a.m . . . . R e s u l t of P r e l i m i n a r y E x a m i n a t i o n Published. TECHNICAL EXAMINATION--
Thursday: 10
a.m. to 1 p.m.
9, p.m. to 5 p.m. Friday : 10 a.m. to 1 p.m . . . . . . . 2 p.m. to 6 p.m . . . . . . . Saturday : 10 a.m . . . . . . . . . .
Papers. Papers. Practical. Oral.
Every Candidate who passes the Examination will receive a Certificate to that effect, qualifying him for appointment as Sanitary Inspector under Section 108 (2) (d) of the Public Health (London) Act, 1891, and under any subsequent Act of Parliament or Order of the Local Government Board which m a y require Sanitary Inspectors or Inspectors of Nuisances to hold Certificates. The first Examination for Certificates of qualification for appointment of Sanitary Inspector, under Section 108 (2)(d) of the Public Health (London) Act, 1891, will be held in London on Tuesday, December 5th, 1899, and the four following days. Particulars will be forwarded on application to the Hon. Secretary, Wm. R. E. Coles, 1, Adelaide Buildings, London Bridge, E.C.
A HOUSE
RECORD.
~
BY F. J. ALLAN, M.D., Medical Officer of Health of Strand D.B. I HAVE for a long time been impressed with the necessity of having in the Health Department a system whereby a record of the sanitary history of each house could be kept in an accessible form. Under ordinary methods, information regarding any particular dwelling is scattered through a number of books, and authorities have had frequently to depend upon the memories of their officials. I f infectious diseases or deaths have occurred in a house, it requires considerable search through old papers to find record of them. In preparing the evidence in connection with the scheme under the Housing of the Working Classes Acts dealing with the insanitary area in the neighbourhood of Clare Market, much work was rendered necessary from this cause, and since then I have kept a street record of deaths, and this has gradually expanded to include a record of other matters connected with each house, but it was, at the best, only an index, In April, 1898, I explained to the Health Committee a scheme which the late clerk of the Board (who took a great interest in the matter) and I devised, and the Committee approved of the same. We found subsequently that a method similar had been adopted in 1894 by the * From Annual Report, 1898. 55--2