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04385 A frame work for environmental impact assessment of long-distance energy transport systems
15
96104363 Fly ash - A source of pollution - Its utlllzatlon Batra, V. S. et al., Environ. Pollut. Prot., Deep d Deep Publications, Delhi,
India,
New
1995, 25-38.
Fly ash is an important industrial waste from thermal power slations. Nineteen million tonnes of fIy ash is produced by various Indian thermal plants as a waste. The ash is so fine and light that it becomes airborne, thus contributing to air pollution. Disposal of such a large amount of waste poses a formidable problem. The paper discusses the pollution aspect of fly ash and suggests possibilities for its economic utilization in many construction fields, with practical examples.
96104384 Follar uptake of 13’Cs from the water column by aquatlc macrophytes Kelly, M. S. and Pinder, J. E. J. Environ. Radioacfivity, 1996, 30, (3), 271-280.
A transplant experiment was performed to determine the relative importances of root uptake from the sediments and foliar uptake from the water column in determining the accumulation of “‘Cs by aquatic macrophytes. schreberi, Uncontaminated individuals of three species, Brasenia Nvmohaea odorata and Nvmvhoides cordata were transolanted into oots containing either contamhated sediments or uncontaminated sediments and imm&sed in Pond B, a former reactor cooling pond where ‘“‘Cs concentrations in surface waters range from 0.4 to 0.8 Bq litre-‘.
A framework for envlronmental Impact assessment 96104365 of long-distance energy transport systems Knoepfel, I. H. Energy, Jul.-Aug. 1996, 21, (7), 693-702. A simole framework for environmental life-cvcle assessment fLCAj based on physical measures is presented and applie’d to the compar$on df longdistance energy transport systems, including high-voltage alternating and direct current transmission lines, pipelines for gas and oil, inland waterway, road and rail transportation. Quantitative indicators for fossil-energy consumption, air-emission impacts, land use, audible noise impacts, and visual impacts are developed.
96104386 Geochemlcal, genetlc, and physlologlcal control of pollutant blodegradatlon Report AFOSR-TR-95-0424, Order Madsen, E. L. and Lion, L. W. No.AD-A294902, NTIS, USA, 1995, 77 pp.
5285
Port
Royal
Road,
Spt-ingfield,
VA.22161,
Reports on a study which was carried out in order to understand the behaviour of low molecular weight aromatic hydrocarbons in a contaminated site. Naphthalene was transported -4OOm via groundwater from buried subsurface coal tar to an organic matter-rich seep area where the water emerges at the foot of a hill at a field study site.
Governmental Inltlatlve. Cleaner technology 96104387 through TCS partnershlps Stirling, .I. D. J. Cleaner Prod., 1995, 3, (4), 229-230. For all sorts of reasons, including compliance with local authority or EC directives, companies in Britain are seeking to improve their environmental performance by cutting, for example, their generation of waste and pollutams, their expenditure of energy or their use of raw materials. By also cutting costs, the incorporation of new ‘clean’ technologies may prove highly beneficial to companies, whilsl the manufacture of environmentallyfriendly products frequently opens up profitable new sectors in the ‘green’ consumer marketplace.
The greenhouse gas consequences of waste man96104388 preferred optlons agement - ldentlfylng Energy Cowers. Mgmt., Jun.-Aug. 1996, 37, (6). Aumonier, 1117-1122. ” A number of options exist for reducing the greenhouse gas consequences of waste management. Carbon equivalent releases from four scenarios for domestic waste management are predicted and compared. Waste incineration is preferred for most parameter values. Only when ‘closed cycle’ releases of carbon are regarded as net contributions to greenhouse effects. and methane generation is very low, is this preference no[ robust. These assumptions are critical to the choice of option.
Harmful atmospheric emlsslons with combustion 98104389 products of Russlan Federation coals Golovin, G. S. et al., Khim. Tverd. Topl. (Moscow), 1995, (6), 29-36. (In Russian) The paper provides mathematical formulas for calculating combustion air and combustion product volumes for various types of coals of the Russian Federation. Formulas are given for calculation of nitrogen oxide emissions in combustion of various solid liquid and gaseous fuels.
Hazardous and explosive gas emissions accompa96104390 nying the low temperature oxidation of bituminous coals Grossman. S. et al.. Cool Sci. Technol., 1995. 24, (1). 473-476.
Environment
(pollution, health protection,
safety)
96104391 Hazardous waste dlsposal Visvanathan, C. Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Apr. 1996, 16, (l), 201-212. Disposal of hazardous waste is the final stage of a hazardous waste management system. Almost all possible disposal methods necessitate proper pre-treatment, in order to have secure disposal facilities. The article summarizes principles of different waste disposal methods namely: incineration, immobilization, landfill, off-shore and underground storage. Advantages, disadvantages and its applicability for developing country context are presented.
96104392 Hazardous waste generatlon and processing Polprasert, C. and Liyanage, L. R. Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Apr. 1996, 16, (1). 213-226. A waste is considered hazardous if it exhibits one or more of the following characteristics: ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity and toxicity. The paper reviews the sources of hazardous waste generation which come mainly from industries.
96104393 Heat exchangers from Impregnated graphlte for condensing flue gas Ulrich, H. Py Chem.-Anlagen Verfuhren, 1995, 28, (11). (In German) Modular heat exchangers from corrosion-resistant impregnated graphite are presented, which are suitable for cooling of flue gases below the dew point of acids without damage.
96104394 Hot gas desulfurlzatlon using zinc-ferrite regenerable sorbents Cilleruelo, C. et al., Coal Sci. Technol., 1995, 24, (2), 1883-1886. Regenerable zinc ferrite sorbents were prepared and evaluated for H,S removal activity from a simulated coal gasification gas (94.5:0.5 N,-H,$) at 540”. Desulphurization at 540-650” was characterized by an activation energy of 2370-3167 calimol, depending on bulk catalyst stoichiometry.
98104395 Hydrogen sulflde capture by limestone and dolomite at elevated pressure. 1. Sorbent performance Yrjas, K. I’. et al., Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 1996, 35, (l), 176-183. Sulphur emission control in fossil fuel gasification plants implies the removal of H,S from the product gas either inside the furnace or in the gas clean-up system. In a fluidized-bed gasifier, in-bed sulphur capture can be accomplished by adding a calcium-based sorbent such as limestone or dolomite to the bed and removing the sulphur from the system with the bottom ash in the form of CaS. Describes the HZS uptake by a set of physical and chemical different limestones and dolomites under pressurlzed conditions, typically for those in a pressurized fluidized-bed gasifier.
Hydrogeologlcal and numerlcal analysis of CO, 96104398 dlsposal In deep aqulfers In the Alberta sedlmentary basln Law, D. H. and Bachu, S. Orergy Convers. Mgmt., Jun.-Aug. 1996, 37, (6), 1167-1174. For landlocked large sources of CO,, the best approaches for reducing CO, emissions into the atmosphere are its utilization and deep disposal into deep sedimentary aquifers or depleted oil and gas reservoirs. A number of coal-based power plants (total capacity of more than 4000 MW) are located near Lake Wabamun in central Alberta, Canada. A hydrogeological study of the sedimentary succession at the site was undertaken to identify and selecl aquifers which meet various requirements for CO, disposal, particularly with respect to depth and confinement. The multi-phase, multi-component numerical model STARS was used 10 study the ability of the selected aquifers to accept and retain for long periods of time large quantities of CO2 injected in a supercritical state.
Hyglenlc evaluatlon of indoor alr pollution caused 96104397 by combustion of natural gas for house heatlng Wang, J et al., Huanling Kexue, 1995, 16, (3), 44-48, 63. (In Chinese) Natural gas combustion was compared with coal gas and liquid petrol gas in relation to indoor air pollution. Pollutants including B(a)P were monitored, and 1-hydroxy pyrene in urine of representative subjects were measured.
The importance of fuel-nltro en groups in coals 96104398 and chars lo NO., and N,O emissions dur 7 ng combustion in a fluidized bed Boavida, D. ef al.. Coal Sci. Techno/., 1995, 24. (l), 751-754. The study was carried out to betrer understand the participation of nitrogen groups in coals and chars in reactions leading to the formation of N,O and NO,.
Fuel and Energy
Abstracts
July
1996
303
96104363 Fly ash - A source of pollution - Its utlllzatlon Batra, V. S. et al., Environ. Pollut. Prot., Deep d Deep Publications, Delhi,
India,
New
1995, 25-38.
Fly ash is an important industrial waste from thermal power slations. Nineteen million tonnes of fIy ash is produced by various Indian thermal plants as a waste. The ash is so fine and light that it becomes airborne, thus contributing to air pollution. Disposal of such a large amount of waste poses a formidable problem. The paper discusses the pollution aspect of fly ash and suggests possibilities for its economic utilization in many construction fields, with practical examples.
96104384 Follar uptake of 13’Cs from the water column by aquatlc macrophytes Kelly, M. S. and Pinder, J. E. J. Environ. Radioacfivity, 1996, 30, (3), 271-280.
A transplant experiment was performed to determine the relative importances of root uptake from the sediments and foliar uptake from the water column in determining the accumulation of “‘Cs by aquatic macrophytes. schreberi, Uncontaminated individuals of three species, Brasenia Nvmohaea odorata and Nvmvhoides cordata were transolanted into oots containing either contamhated sediments or uncontaminated sediments and imm&sed in Pond B, a former reactor cooling pond where ‘“‘Cs concentrations in surface waters range from 0.4 to 0.8 Bq litre-‘.
A framework for envlronmental Impact assessment 96104365 of long-distance energy transport systems Knoepfel, I. H. Energy, Jul.-Aug. 1996, 21, (7), 693-702. A simole framework for environmental life-cvcle assessment fLCAj based on physical measures is presented and applie’d to the compar$on df longdistance energy transport systems, including high-voltage alternating and direct current transmission lines, pipelines for gas and oil, inland waterway, road and rail transportation. Quantitative indicators for fossil-energy consumption, air-emission impacts, land use, audible noise impacts, and visual impacts are developed.
96104386 Geochemlcal, genetlc, and physlologlcal control of pollutant blodegradatlon Report AFOSR-TR-95-0424, Order Madsen, E. L. and Lion, L. W. No.AD-A294902, NTIS, USA, 1995, 77 pp.
5285
Port
Royal
Road,
Spt-ingfield,
VA.22161,
Reports on a study which was carried out in order to understand the behaviour of low molecular weight aromatic hydrocarbons in a contaminated site. Naphthalene was transported -4OOm via groundwater from buried subsurface coal tar to an organic matter-rich seep area where the water emerges at the foot of a hill at a field study site.
Governmental Inltlatlve. Cleaner technology 96104387 through TCS partnershlps Stirling, .I. D. J. Cleaner Prod., 1995, 3, (4), 229-230. For all sorts of reasons, including compliance with local authority or EC directives, companies in Britain are seeking to improve their environmental performance by cutting, for example, their generation of waste and pollutams, their expenditure of energy or their use of raw materials. By also cutting costs, the incorporation of new ‘clean’ technologies may prove highly beneficial to companies, whilsl the manufacture of environmentallyfriendly products frequently opens up profitable new sectors in the ‘green’ consumer marketplace.
The greenhouse gas consequences of waste man96104388 preferred optlons agement - ldentlfylng Energy Cowers. Mgmt., Jun.-Aug. 1996, 37, (6). Aumonier, 1117-1122. ” A number of options exist for reducing the greenhouse gas consequences of waste management. Carbon equivalent releases from four scenarios for domestic waste management are predicted and compared. Waste incineration is preferred for most parameter values. Only when ‘closed cycle’ releases of carbon are regarded as net contributions to greenhouse effects. and methane generation is very low, is this preference no[ robust. These assumptions are critical to the choice of option.
Harmful atmospheric emlsslons with combustion 98104389 products of Russlan Federation coals Golovin, G. S. et al., Khim. Tverd. Topl. (Moscow), 1995, (6), 29-36. (In Russian) The paper provides mathematical formulas for calculating combustion air and combustion product volumes for various types of coals of the Russian Federation. Formulas are given for calculation of nitrogen oxide emissions in combustion of various solid liquid and gaseous fuels.
Hazardous and explosive gas emissions accompa96104390 nying the low temperature oxidation of bituminous coals Grossman. S. et al.. Cool Sci. Technol., 1995. 24, (1). 473-476.
Environment
(pollution, health protection,
safety)
96104391 Hazardous waste dlsposal Visvanathan, C. Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Apr. 1996, 16, (l), 201-212. Disposal of hazardous waste is the final stage of a hazardous waste management system. Almost all possible disposal methods necessitate proper pre-treatment, in order to have secure disposal facilities. The article summarizes principles of different waste disposal methods namely: incineration, immobilization, landfill, off-shore and underground storage. Advantages, disadvantages and its applicability for developing country context are presented.
96104392 Hazardous waste generatlon and processing Polprasert, C. and Liyanage, L. R. Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Apr. 1996, 16, (1). 213-226. A waste is considered hazardous if it exhibits one or more of the following characteristics: ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity and toxicity. The paper reviews the sources of hazardous waste generation which come mainly from industries.
96104393 Heat exchangers from Impregnated graphlte for condensing flue gas Ulrich, H. Py Chem.-Anlagen Verfuhren, 1995, 28, (11). (In German) Modular heat exchangers from corrosion-resistant impregnated graphite are presented, which are suitable for cooling of flue gases below the dew point of acids without damage.
96104394 Hot gas desulfurlzatlon using zinc-ferrite regenerable sorbents Cilleruelo, C. et al., Coal Sci. Technol., 1995, 24, (2), 1883-1886. Regenerable zinc ferrite sorbents were prepared and evaluated for H,S removal activity from a simulated coal gasification gas (94.5:0.5 N,-H,$) at 540”. Desulphurization at 540-650” was characterized by an activation energy of 2370-3167 calimol, depending on bulk catalyst stoichiometry.
98104395 Hydrogen sulflde capture by limestone and dolomite at elevated pressure. 1. Sorbent performance Yrjas, K. I’. et al., Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 1996, 35, (l), 176-183. Sulphur emission control in fossil fuel gasification plants implies the removal of H,S from the product gas either inside the furnace or in the gas clean-up system. In a fluidized-bed gasifier, in-bed sulphur capture can be accomplished by adding a calcium-based sorbent such as limestone or dolomite to the bed and removing the sulphur from the system with the bottom ash in the form of CaS. Describes the HZS uptake by a set of physical and chemical different limestones and dolomites under pressurlzed conditions, typically for those in a pressurized fluidized-bed gasifier.
Hydrogeologlcal and numerlcal analysis of CO, 96104398 dlsposal In deep aqulfers In the Alberta sedlmentary basln Law, D. H. and Bachu, S. Orergy Convers. Mgmt., Jun.-Aug. 1996, 37, (6), 1167-1174. For landlocked large sources of CO,, the best approaches for reducing CO, emissions into the atmosphere are its utilization and deep disposal into deep sedimentary aquifers or depleted oil and gas reservoirs. A number of coal-based power plants (total capacity of more than 4000 MW) are located near Lake Wabamun in central Alberta, Canada. A hydrogeological study of the sedimentary succession at the site was undertaken to identify and selecl aquifers which meet various requirements for CO, disposal, particularly with respect to depth and confinement. The multi-phase, multi-component numerical model STARS was used 10 study the ability of the selected aquifers to accept and retain for long periods of time large quantities of CO2 injected in a supercritical state.
Hyglenlc evaluatlon of indoor alr pollution caused 96104397 by combustion of natural gas for house heatlng Wang, J et al., Huanling Kexue, 1995, 16, (3), 44-48, 63. (In Chinese) Natural gas combustion was compared with coal gas and liquid petrol gas in relation to indoor air pollution. Pollutants including B(a)P were monitored, and 1-hydroxy pyrene in urine of representative subjects were measured.
The importance of fuel-nltro en groups in coals 96104398 and chars lo NO., and N,O emissions dur 7 ng combustion in a fluidized bed Boavida, D. ef al.. Coal Sci. Techno/., 1995, 24. (l), 751-754. The study was carried out to betrer understand the participation of nitrogen groups in coals and chars in reactions leading to the formation of N,O and NO,.
Fuel and Energy
Abstracts
July
1996
303