Cumulative index to subjects

Cumulative index to subjects Volume 4 1993

Abscisic acid, stomatal closing, drought tolerance 173 Acanthella klethra, antimalarial metabolites 276 Acetaldehyde oxidoreductase, tungsten-dependent, thermostability 188 Acetylcholine esterase, Torpedo 461 Acetylcholine receptor, Torpedo, binding 393 Acetyltransferase gene, Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci 150 phosphinothricin activity 137 Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, biodegradation, chlorobenzoate 341 AcNPV see Autographa califomica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcNPV) Actinorhodin PKS gene, Streptomyces 532 Acyl carrier proteins production of novel oils 155 Streptomyces 532 Adenine phosphoribosyl transferase gene, gene targeting 578 Adhesion receptor blocking monoclonal antibodies 747-748 ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, mutant gene 153 Adrenergic receptors, human l~1, baculovirus systems 568 AGG, AGA, rare codons, barrier to expression systems 520-521 Agmenellum quadruplicatum, biopesticides 302 Agricultural biotechnology, regulation, European perspective 263-264

Agrobacterium tumefaciens in particle bombardment 584 particle gun-mediated transformation 136 Agrochemicals, screening for 543-550 AIDS see HIV infection AIDS drugs regulation 269-271 parallel track mechanism 270 vaccines 271

Alcaligenes eutrophus biodegradation 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid 341 pentachlorophenol 342 PHB synthase transfer into Arabidopsis thaliana 156 Algal biodegradation, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, list of organisms 332 Alkaline extracellular protease (AEP), prepro domain 540 Alpha-mating factor and membrane translocation 539-540 propeptide processing 540 Amide bond, peptides 421 Amino acids analysis, chemical protein sequencing 11 carboxyterminal sequencing, automated 10-11 changes affecting solubility and secretability 455-456 fermentation control 184-185 sequence analysis 412-413 peptide libraries 526 tandem mass spectrometry 412 Amylase, thermostability 450 Amylodinium ocellatum, dinoflagellate fish parasite 290 Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and CNTF 735

Analytical biotechnology, editorial overview 1-2 Androgen receptors, baculovirus systems 568 Angiogenin, RNA cleaving 740 Angiotensin converting-enzyme (ACE) gene, and myocardLal infarction 678 Angiotensinogen (AGT) gene, and hypertension 678 Animal cells see Mammalian cells Animals, transgenic see Transgenic animals Anthocyanins increased production 157 precursors 159 see also Flavonoids Antibiotics fermentation control 185 hybrid, Streptomyces engineering 531-537 self-resistance 532-533 use for biocontrol 306--308 Antibodies antibody libraries, phage display 527-528 bispecific, engineering 444-447 complementarity-determining region (CDR) 527 fluorescent labeling 64 human, production 593 primateDhuman 573 targeted delivery of toxins and enzymes 739-744 Antifungal agents, cell-based assaysand screens 544 Antifungal metabolites 276 Antigen delivery vectors 603-610 Antihypercholesterolaemic agents, HMGCoA reductase 544 Antimalarial metabolites 276 Antineoplastic agents, cytotoxicity assays 82 Antisense RNA, gene silencing 166-1 71 Antitumor agents, screening for 548-549 Antitumor metabolites 276 Antiviral agents regulation, US 269-271 screening for 547-548 Antiviral assays,transcriptional activation assays 81 Aquaculture bacterial pathogens 287 development of vaccines see Fish vaccines Aquifers bacteria injected and transported 312-317 chlorinated solvents 323-330

Arabidopsis thaliana and Brassica napus, YAC-screened DNA library 144 genome mapping 142-144 kanamycin-resistant phenotype 137 production of novel oils 155 transgenic 137 Arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) antagonists of GPIIb-Illa 436 Assays antifungal assays,screens 544 antiviral 81 automation 91-92

© Current Biology Ltd ISSN 0958-1669

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Index to subjects [3-endorphins 16 cell-based screens 543-552 cytotoxicity assays 82 gene probe assays 48-49 immunoassays 185-186 immunoradiometric assays (IRMA) 81,92 plasma peptide 16 receptor-based 85-90 thermometric 185-t 86 transcriptional activation 80-82 transient, gene transfer by particle bombardment 585-586 whole cells 80-84 see also Immunoassays Atopy, and genetic studies of asthma 679 Atrazine, absorption studies 318 Atropa belladonna, scopalamine production 157 AU-rich elements, COS cells 559 Australia, plant biotechnology 177-179 Autographa califomica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcNPV) 564 Automated carboxyterminal sequencing 10-11 Automation information management systems 92 laboratory, robotics 91-92 B43-PAP, immunotoxin, in leukemia 742 Bacillus, attachment behaviour, porous media 314 Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, hybrid enzyme with Bacillus macerans 449 Bacillus licheniformis, amylase, thermostability 450 Bacillus polymixa, impact on plant roots 320 Bacillus stearothermophilus, pyruvate oxidase 449 Bacillus subtilis human growth hormone purification, preparative chromatography 218 purification of human growth hormone 218 soil populations 319 Bacillus thuringiensis biopesticides 302-303 gene transfer to plants 586 Bacteria injected and transported into aquifers 312-317 as microprojectiles 584 relict communities 356-357 soil activity 318-322 see also Gram-positive commensal bacteria Bacterial biofilms 197-204 analysis techniques 199-201 beneficial aspects 198 uncontrolled 197-198 wastewater treatment 199 Bacterial pathogens, fish 287 Bacterial vaccines, live 303-304 Bacteriophage T4 elemental mapping of P, C, Ca, N and O 407 endonuclease V 477-478 Bacteriorhodopsin, structure, electron crystallography 398 Bacteroides group, intestinal flora, gene transfer 294-298 Baculovirus systems expression systems for human gene products 564-572 in viffo site-specific recombination 566-567 insect glycoproteins 53-54 new parent viruses 566

new transfer vectors 565-566 proteins expressed 568-570 receptors 555 yeast-based baculovirus shuttle vectors 567 Barbourin 436, 438 Barley, ribosome-inactivating protein 149 Basic fibroblast growth factor, binding to heparan sulphate 54 Batzella sp., guanidine alkaloids, HtV binding to host T cells 277-278 Beta, root culture 206 [3-Glycosidases and [3-1,4-glycanases 467471 3-D structure 468 catalytic amino acid residues 468-469 protein engineering 469 Biochemical engineering, editorial overview 181-182 Biodiversity, Costa Rica 280-285 estimated rates of species extinctions 280 knowledge of species numbers 280 Biofilms see Bacterial biofilms Bioleaching, and mineral biotechnology 344-355 Biological microscopy 69-74 Biopesticides, Bacillus thuringiensis 302-303 Bioreactors mechanical forces on cells, shear sensitivity 193-196 root cultivation 205-210 Biosensors 71 applied 75-79 food and drink industry 76 medical biosensors 76 process control 76-77 fermentation control 183-187 microscale regenerable 75 BIRR-1, modulation of leukocyte adhesive interactions 747 Bispeciflc antibodies anticancer applications 444 assembly, in vivo and in vitro 444 designer 444-445 immunoglobulin G 444-447 Blotting Coomassie Blue staining/destaining 4 PAGE 4 polyvinylidene difluoride membrane 4 protein recovery from membranes 4 Boc methodologies 418-419 Bombesin, binding 393-394 Bombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus (BmNPV) 564 Bovine alpha-thrombin, bound to platelet receptor peptide, structure 393 Brassica rapa, production of novel oils 155 Brevibacterium, desulfurization of fossil fuels 346 CADASIL, and migraine association 679 Caenorhabditis elegans ESTs673 large-scale sequencing 666 Calbindin, NMR spectroscopy 386 Calcium channels plants plasma membrane 173-174 and signal transduction 172-176 Calcium-release channels, tonoplasts 174 Calmodulin

Index to subjects Drosophila, NMR spectroscopy 386 merocyanine MeroCaM biosensor molecule 71 cAMP phosphodiesterase inhibitor, modulation of leukocyte adhesive interactions 747 Campylobacter, conjugative transposons 295 Cancer biology, transgenic approaches 699-704 Capillary electrophoresis buffer additive -4 DNA sequencing 37-38 interfaces with mass spectrometric analysis 16 microelectrophoresis 38 tetraethylmethylenediamine 4 zeta potential 4 zone electrophoresis 3 Capillary isoelectric focusing 3-4 Capillary isotachophoresis 4 Carbohydrates analysis 52-56 Complex Carbohydrate Structure Database (CCSD) 52-53 fermentation control 183-184 production 153-155 Carbon tetrachloride, biodegradation 323-330 Carthamus, root culture 206 Catabolite gene-activ~tor protein (CAP) 427 cleavage of doubl~-helical DNA 33 CBDs see Cellulose-binding domains cDNAs expression profiles, gene transcripts 674 expression sequence tags 673-674 partial, mapping sequences along 675 systematic analysis and database construction 672-677 types of library and data collection 672-673 Cell proliferation, kinetics 64 Cell transformation, particle gun-mediated 135-141 Cell-based assays 80-84 and screens, S. cerevisiae 543-552 Cell-mediated immune (CMI) response 722-725 Cell-surface receptors, baculovirus systems 568 Cells mechanical forces, shear sensitivity 193-196 rare types, detection by flow cytometry 65-66 Cellulose-binding domains, protein engineering 469 Central America, plant biotechnology 177-179 Charge-coupled device microscopy 320-321 Chemical nucleic acid synthesis 20-28 Chemical protein sequencing 9-13 automated carboxyterminal sequencing 10-11 cartridge designs 9-10 Edman-like reagents 11 phenylene diisothiocyanate membranes 10 polyvinylidene difluoride membranes 10 sub-picomole sequencing 10 Chemolithotrophic bacteria detection and distribution 349-350 see also Mineral biotechnology Chicken adenovirus, endosome disruption 708 China, plant biotechnology 177-1 79 Chitin, biosynthesis, and cloning 544 Chitin-binding proteins, antifungal activity 149 Chitinase 148-149 Chlamydomonas, genetic transformation 585 Chloramphenicol acetyltransferase

reporter gene 81 PSA promoter 559 Chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons in situ bioremediation 323-330 aerobic transformation 326 anaerobic transformation 323-326 list of major 324 Chloroaromatic oxygenases 339-343 Chlorobenzene, biodegradation 341-342 Chlorobenzoate, biodegradation 341 Cholera-toxin peptide, NMR transferred nOe techniques 391-395 Cholesterol, antihypercholesterolaemic agents, HMGCoA reductase 544 Chromatography methods carbohydrate analysis 52-53 electrofractionation 4-5 Chromatography, preparative 217-225 affinity tails 220 biospecific affinity chromatography 220 convective chromatographic systems 221-222 displacement chromatography 221 dye-ligand affinity chromatography 219-220 hydrophobic interaction chromatography 218-219 immobilized metal-affinity chromatography 219-220 ion-exchange chromatography 218 lectin affinity chromatography 219-220 novel approaches 220-221 reversed phase liquid chromatography 219 traditional separations 218-219 Chromosome analysis, flow cytometry 63-68 Ciliary neuronotrophic factor 735 Clostridium, pullulanase 185 Clostridium thermocellum, 13-1,4-glycanase468 CNS growth and differentiation factors 734-738 Coal see Fossil fuels Codons, rare, AGG, AGA 520 Coiled-coil protein-folding motif 426-435 de novo applications 431 heterodimeric and antiparallel coiled-coils 429-431 hydrophobic core 427-429 ionic interactions 428 structural roles 427 Coliforms, water supply 314-315 Complementarity-determining region (CDR), in antibodies 527 Concanavalin A, ~-D-mannopyranoside 526-527 Confocal laser scanning microscope, biofilm study 200 Confocal microscopy 71-72 Conotoxins cysteine-rich peptides 422 interactions, stabilization 428 Contigs, whole chromosome 667 Conus, receptor antagonist metabolites 277-278 Copper, recovery by bioleaching of sulfides 348-349 Corticosteroids, modulation of leukocyte adhesive interactions 747 Corynebacterium, desulfurization of fossil fuels 346 Costa Rica knowledge of species numbers 280 National Institute of Biodiversity 280-285 biodiversity prospecting 282-283 Cotton, transgenic 137 CPDs see Serine carboxypeptidases

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Index to subjects Cranberry, transgenic 137 Cribochalina sp., cytostatlc metabolites 276 Cryoscopic techniques, specimen preservation, electron crystallography 397 Cryptobiosis, immune responsiveness in fish 291 Cucumber, Pythium damping-off 308-309 CV1 origin, SV40 (COS)-based expression systems expression cloning 559-561 gene expression 559 production of recombinant protein 561-562 Cyanidin 160-161 Cyanobacteria, relict communities 356-357 Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase inhibitors, screening for 546 Cyclodextrins 154 Cytochrome c peroxidase 482-483 Cytokines infectious diseases 727-733 macrophage-inactivating cytokines 727-729 that activate the immune system 729-731 see also specific substances Cytoplasmic receptors, screening for ligands 544-545 Cytotoxic metabolites, marine natural products 275-279 Cytotoxicity assays antineoplastic agents 82 immunosuppressive agents 82 D-proteins 422-423 Decorsin 436 solution structures 438 Defense genes, transgenic plants 148-149 Delphinidin 161 Dendrobium orchids, transgenic 138 6-Deoxyerythronolide B synthase, PKS 533 Developing countries, plant biotechnology 177-179 Diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and insulin gene 679 rodent models 680-681 Diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), and maturity-onset disease of the young (MODY) 679-680 Diabody 446 2,4-Diacetylphloroglucinol, and hydrogen cyanide 307-308 Dibenzothiopbene, model for desulfurization of fossil fuels 346 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, biodegradation 341 Dictyota sp., vasopressin antagonist metabolites 277 Digital microscopy 69-74 9,10-Dihydrophenanthrene-9,10-diol (DHP), synthesis of DNA-binding protein 421 Dimethylformamide, and subtilisin E 450 Dinoflagellates fish parasites 290 novel compounds from 276 Diphtheria toxin, inhibition of protein synthesis 741 Discodermia dissoluta, immunosuppressive metabolites 276 Disease-resistanttransgenic plants 148-151 defense genes 148-149 host resistance genes 149-150 Disintegrins, and related proteins 436-438 characterization 436-437 mutational studies 437-438 RGD sequence analysis 438-440 structural aspects 438 Dismen distance geometry (DDG) 428

Disulfide linkers 741 DITC see Phenylene diisothiocyanate DNA analogues, phosphodiester backbone, new syntheses 21-22 DNA, delivery in vivo, problems 705 DNA, double-helical cleavage Achilles heel strategy 31-32 sequence-selective recognition 29-36 recogmtion 29 DNA electrophoresis 37-40 DNA excision-repair enzymes, endonuclease Ill and V 477-478 DNA megabase preparation, genome mapping in plants 143-144 DNA polymerase Escherichia coil 189 Thermus aquaticus, thermostability 189 DNA pooling, phenotype mapping and gene tagging 143 DNA profiling 660-664 NRC USA report 661 PCR-based technologies 661-662 standard single locus probe analysis 660-1 DNA, randomly amplified polymorphic (RAPD) 142-144 DNA-binding proteins DNA polymerase I 476 DNA polymerase III [~ subunit 476 Escherichia coil, BirA 473 factor for inversion stimulation (FIS) 473 GH5 (avian linker histone H5) 473-474 molecular recognition 472-481 RecA protein monomer and polymer 476-477 synthesis, 9,10-dihydrophenanthrene-9,10-diol (DHP) 421 zinc-binding domains 474-475 DNase I, DNA-protein footprints 478 Dopamine receptors, mammalian cell expression systems 553-554 Drosophila, sialylated oligosaccharides 54 Drought tolerance, stomatal closing, abscisic acid 173 Drought/salinity response, mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase expression 154 Drugs, INDs (investigational new drugs) 269-271 Echistatin 436 gene, Escherichia coil 438 solution structures 438 Editorial overview analytical biotechnology 1-2 biochemical engineering 181-182 environmental biotechnology 273-274 expression systems 517-519 mammalian gene studies 657-659 pharmaceutical applications 711-713 plant biotechnology 133-134 protein engineering 381-383 Edman-like reagents 11 Electrochemically modulated enzyme optrode (EMEO) 76 Electroelution methods 5 Electrofractionation 4-5 Electron crystallography computer processing 398 macromolecules 396-401 high-resolution imaging 397-398 main research areas 396 Electron energy-loss spectroscopy, and elemental mapping

Index to subjects 405-407 Electron scattering events, STEM 403 Electrophoresis methods 3-6, 37-40 detection methods 38 gel matrices 38-39 separation mechanism 39 speed 37-38 see also specific methods

Electrospray mass spectrometry 413-414 carbohydrate analysis 53 ELISA, automation 92 Embryonic stem cells see ES (murine embryonic stem cells) Endonucleases III and V 477-478 [~-Endorphin, assay 16 Endosomes, lysis, delivery of genes in vivo 707 Enterobacter, attachment behaviour, porous media 314 Enterococcus see Gram-positive commensal bacteria Enterococcus faecalis, gene transfer plasmids 296 Environmental biotechnology, editorial overview 273 Enzyme inhibitor metabolites 276-277 Enzymes high temperature microorganisms 188-192 in organic solvents 449 random mutagenesis 449-450 second site suppressor mutations 450 see also [~-glycosidases and 13-1,4-glycanases Epidermal growth factor receptor-2, bispecific antibodies, Fab fragments 445 Epstein-Barr virus, BCRF-1 homology to IL-10 728-729 Erythropoietin, recombinant 598 ES (murine embryonic stem cells) gene targeting 577-582, 699-704 gene trapping 684-689 immunological targeting 690-698 new mutant mouse phenotypes 695 Escherichia coil DNA polymerase 189 E. colgbased baculovirus shuttle vectors 567 and heterogeneity of bacterial biofilms 199 heterologous gene expression systems 520-525 mRNA levels 520 protein engineering 522 protein primary structure 521 protein purification and refold 521-522 protein secondary and tertiary structure 521 translation initiation and elongation 520-521 high yields, optimization 456 live bacterial vaccines 303-304 naphthalene dioxygenase genes 333 in particle bombardment 584 phenazine-l-carboxylic acid production 307 proteins biotechnological applications 398-399 BirA 473 solubility and secretability, and growth temperature 455 structure 393 stress response 302 suicide genes 304 switch promoter firnAp, stochastic induction of suicide 303 transposon-generated mutant 200 water supply 314-315

Ethanol, fermentation control 186 European Commission proposal on premarket system 267 regulation of agricultural biotechnology 263-264 Expression cloning 559-561 Expression control circuits 300-301 Expression sequence tags (ESTs)673-674 numbers in man 674 numbers in other organisms 674 Expression systems see Gene expression systems Extinctions, estimated rates of species extinctions 280 Extremophilic organisms 448-449 Fab fragments, bispecific antibodies 445 Fast atom bombardment-MS, carbohydrate analysis 53 Fatty acid synthases genes encoding 533-534 acyl carrier proteins 533 Fermentation control, biosensors 183-187 Field effect transistors 183 in process control 77 Fish bacterial pathogens 287 immune system 289-290 infectious hemopoietic necrosis virus of fish (IHNV) 290 non-bacterial, non-viral pathogens 288 viral pathogens 288 Fish vaccines molecular and biotechnological approaches 286-293 significance and prospects 290-291 Flavonoids, biochemistry of 159-165 Flow cytometry new applications 63-68 technology 67 Flow-injection analysis systems, biosensors 183, 185 Flower color see Pigmentation Fluorescein isothiocyanate biosensors 71 gas-phase sequencing 11 Fluorescein phosphoramidite 23 Fluorescence microscopy, indicator dyes 70-71 Fluorescence ratio measurements 65 Fluorescence-based electrophoresis 38 Fmoc methodologies 419 rubredoxin, chemical sysnthesis 422-423 Food and drink industry, applied biosensors 76 Food and Drug Administration (US) biotechnology and food regulation 265-268 guidance to industry 264-265 labeling 265 INDs (investigational new drugs) 269-271 Fossil fuels desulfurization of fossil fuels 345-347 dibenzothiophene, model for desulfurizatlon 346 Fucosyl transferases, insect glycans 54 Fungal biodegradation polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons 333-334, 334-335 list of organisms 333 Fungal disease antifungal agents, cell-based assays and screens 544 host resistance genes of plants 149-150 Fusarium, terpenoid pathway 156

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Index to subjects G-proteins baculovirus systems 569 linked receptor ligands, screening for 547 transmembrane linked, mammalian cell-surface receptors 553 GAL4 protein, Saccharomyces cerevisiae 475 Galactose, o~-Iinked 598 I~-Galactosidase, localization 687 Gambierdiscus toxicus, antifungal metabolites 276 Gaucher's disease, GCR replacement therapy 598 GEBs see Genetically engineered organisms Gel electrophoresis detergents for 5 gel matrices 38-39 laser induced fluorescence detector 4-5, 38 protein staining methods 5 Gene disruption or replacement 532 Gene expression systems CVl origin, SV40 (COS)-based 558-563 editorial overview 517-519 Escherichia coil 520-525 gene products 538--542 insect cells 564-571 mammalian steroid hormone receptors, as transcriptinal activators in yeast 539 regulation, HIV 81 translation initiation and elongation 520-521,520-525 use of Salmonella, vaccine delivery systems 611-615 Gene isolation 531-532 Gene probe assays detection formats 49 reporters 49 sensitivity 48 specificity 48-49 Gene silencing antisense RNA 166-171 by trans-inactivation of gene expression 166-171 double transformations 167-168 Gene suppression, post-transcriptional 168 Gene targeting 577-582 efficiency 577-578 fidelity of recombination 578-579 large-scale modification 580-581 precise gene modification 579-580 single and double knockouts 579 study of gene regulation 693 transgenic animals 701 vectors, mammalian cells 577-582 Gene therapy non-viral approaches 705-710 cationic lipid-based systems 705-706 devices resembling viruses 707-708 Gene transfer mammal intestinal tract 294-298 plasmids 295 Streptomyces 532 thiobacilli conjugation 345 transformation 345 transformation, by particle transfer 583-590 transposons 295 vectors 577-582 see also Particle bombardment

Gene trapping in embryonic stem cells, mice 684-689 gene-trap screens 687-688 mechanisms 684-687 phenotype abnormalities in mice 687 promoter-trap vs gene-trap vectors 684-686 reporter genes 685-686 Genetically engineered organisms in aquifers 315 regulation 299-305 European perspective 299-305 Genome mapping (CEPH and Genethon initiative) 665-671 Huntington's disease 665 monogenic diseases 665 multifactorial disease 666 Genome mapping in plants 142-147 comparative mapping 143 genetic maps existing 142 genetic vs physical distance 144 phenotype mapping and gene tagging 143 physical mapping, and map-based cloning 143-144 see also Human genome Geotrichum candidum, serine carboxypeptidases 461 Germanium, attenuated total reflectance (ATR), biofilm culture 200 GH5 (avian linker histone H5), helix-loop-helix group proteins 473-474 Glial-derived neurotrophic factor 734-735 [~-1,3-Glucanase 148 Glucans, biosynthesis 544 Glucocerebrosidase, in replacement therapy 598 Gluconeogenesis, in sepsis 716 Glucose, detection biosensors 183 in process control 77 ~-Glucuronidase, introduction to cultures cells 135 Glutamic acid, detection, fermentation control 184 Glutamine cultured mammalian cells 184 hybridoma cell cultures 77 Glutathione, control 186 Glutathione peroxidase, antioxidants, metabolic pathways 213 ~-1,4-Glycanases 467-471 Glycans sialylated N-glycans, insect glycoproteins 54 sulphated 54 Glycerol, control 186 Glycine max, soybean, transgenic 136 Glycoproteins biosynthesis 596-597 gp lib-Ilia, RGD-containing protein antagonists 436-443 secretory 574 [[]-Glycosidases 467-471 see also [~-glycosidases and ~-1,4-glycanases Glycosylation 596-602 patterns, manipulation 598-599 Glycosyltransferase genes, introduction 598 Gold in particle bombardment 584 recovery by bioleaching, sulfides 347-348 Gossypium, cotton, transgenic 137 Gram-positive commensal bacteria

Index to subjects antigen delivery of vaccines 603-610 conserved anchor region 603-605 diversity of surfaceDprotein structure 605 expression of fusion proteins on surface 605-606 immune response to surface-exposed fusion proteins 607-608 sequenced surface proteins 604 Granulomatous disease, interferon-)' 730-731 Greenhouse gases, production from landfills and waste deposits 356-362 Groundwater bacteria injected and transported into aquifers 312-317 chlorinated solvents, in situ bioremediation 323-330 Growth factors, targeted delivery of toxins and enzymes 739-744 Guanidine alkaloids, HIV binding to host T cells 277-278 Guard cells, drought tolerance, calcium channels 1 73 GUS see ~-glucuronidase Halichondria okadaii, enzyme inhibitor metabolites 277 Hansenula polymorpha, heterologous gene products 538-542 Helical periodic arrays electron crystallography 396~401 formation 396-397 specimen preservation 397 X-ray crystallography 421 Helix-loop-helix group proteins BirA (Escherichia coh') 473 factor for inversion stimulation (FIS) 473 GH5 (avian linker histone H5) 473 molecular recognition in DNA-binding proteins 473-474 Hemoglobin, solubility and secretability 455 Hemoglobin, human transgenic mice 592-593 transgenic swine 592-593 Heparan sulphate sequence, binding to basic fibroblast growth factor 54 Herpes simplex virus, transcription factors 81 Heterologous genes see Gene expression systems High temperature microorganisms, enzymes 188-192 Histidinol dehydrogenase (his), reporter gene 685 HIV binding to host T cells, ELISA of novel guanidine alkaloids 277-278 enzyme inhibitor metabolites 277 gene expression regulation 81 human recombinant interleukin-2 (rlL-2) 723-724 HIV-1 protease total chemical synthesis 420 D- and L-forms 423 zinc-binding domains, electrospray mass spectrometry 414 HIV-1 reverse transcriptase ribonuclease H domain, NMR spectroscopy 386-387 structure 475 HLA gene cluster 666 HMGCoA reductase, antihypercholesterolaemic agents 544 Hok protein 300 hok and sok genes, killing genes 300 Homologous recombination (HR), mammalian cells, gene targeting 577-582 Host resistance genes, transgenlc plants 149-150 Human anti-mouse antibody (HAMA) response 740 Human body, body mapping of expression profiles 674 Human disease

genetic approaches 678-681 targeted antibody delivery approaches 739-744 Human estrogen receptor protein, zinc-finger peptide 414 Human genome mapping allele sizing 660 amplified fragment length polymorphisms 662 cDNAs, systematic analysis and database construction 672-677 CEPH and Genethon initiative 667 HLA-DQa locus 661 microsatellite PCR-based technologies 661-662 single tandem repeat 662 whole genome PCR 662 Human growth hormone, purification, Bacillus subtilis 218 Human immunodeficiency virus see HIV Human receptor clones, receptor-based assays 86-87 Human recombinant interleukin-2 722-726 Huntington's disease, CEPH and Genethon initiative 665 Hydrogen cyanide, and 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol 307-308 Hydrotherms, relict communities 356-357 Hyoscyamus muticus, root culture 206 Hyoscyamus niger, scopalamine production 157 Hypercholesterolaemia, antihypercholesterolaemic agents, HMGCoA reductase 544 Hypertension renin-angiotensin system genes 678-679 rodent models 681 Hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase gene, gene targeting 577 Ichthyobodo necator, fish parasite 290 IGF~I, ER membrane translocation, alpha-mating factor 540 Image detectors, biological microscopy 70 immune response, to surface-exposed fusion proteins 607-608 immune system 690-698 Immunization genetic, direct injection 586-587 see also Vaccines Immunoassays fermentation control 185 thermometric 185-186 Immunoglobulins genes, expression systems 574 heavy-chain joining region 579 IgG, bispecific (bisAb) 444-447 IgM antibody libraries 527 recombinant, mammalian cells 573-576 immunology flow cytometry 64 inflammatory disease 745-750 Immunoradiometric assays (IRMA) 92 Immunosuppressive agents cytotoxicity assays 82 metabolites, marine natural products 276 screening for 545-546 Immunotherapeutics, clinical sepsis, list 714 Immunotoxins in cancer treatment 741 clinical trials in humans 742-743 fusion constructs 740 immune responses to 743 in leukemia 742

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Index to subjects linkers 740 pharmacological barriers 741 potentiation 742 Pseudomonas exotoxin A 740 ricin A chain 740-743 therapeutic applications 741 In situ hybridization histochemistry 674-675 in vitro site-specific recombination 566-567, 575 INBio see Costa Rica, National Institute of Biodiversity Inclusion bodies, heterologous proteins 521 Indicator dyes, fluorescence microscopy 70-71 INDs (investigational new drugs) 269-271 marine natural products 275-279 Infectious diseases cytokines 727-733 immunotoxins 740-743 pharmaceutical studies 722-726 Infectious hemopoietic necrosis virus of fish (IHNV) 290 Inflammatory disease, immunology 745-750 Influenza virus, response to, following HIV seroconversion 723 Information management systems, automation 92 Insect cells glycoproteins, baculovirus expression systems 53-54, 564-572 heterologous genes 564-571 Insulin gene, and diabetes mellitus (IDDM) 679 Interferon-or, potentiating effect of immunotoxins 742 Interferon-7, infectious disease 730-731 Interleukin-1 anti-lL-1 therapies 715-716 vs tumor necrosis factor 714-721 Interleukin-2, human recombinant, treatment of infectious diseases 722-726 Interleukin-2 receptors, mammalian cell expression systems 554-555 Interleukin-10, infectious diseases 728-729 Intestinal tract, mammal, gene transfer 294-298 Intracellular receptors 85 Ion channels, baculovirus systems 569 Ion transport, agents acting on, screening for 548 Iron regulatory factor, iron-reponsive elements 570 Japan, proposal on premarket system 267 Jun/Fos, antitumor agent 549 Kex-2 protein, alpha-mating factor leader 540 Killing genes 300 Kistrin, solution structures 438 Kistrin-GP lib-Ilia binding 436 KlebsieUa pneumoniae, cyclodextrin transferase gene 154 Laboratory automation, robotics 91-92 Laccases, oxidation of PAlls 334 Lactate, control 186 Lactobacillus plar.~tarum pyruvate oxidase 449 Lactobacillus sp., gene transfer plasmids 296 Lactose, detection, biosensors 184 Landfills and waste deposits microbial processes 358 production of greenhouse gases 356-362 structure and scale 357-358 temperatures 359 Laser desorption, carbohydrate analysis 53

Laser induced fluorescence 3, 38 Laser scanning confocal microscopy 71 Leech proteins 436, 438 Legionella, bacterial biofllms 199 Leprosy, therapy with IL-2 724-725 Leucetta microraphis, leukotriene B (LTB) receptor antagonist metabolites 277 Leucine zipper, defined 426 Leukemia, immunotoxins, B43-PAP 742 Leukocytes, in inflammatory disease 745-750 adhesive interactions, anti-inflammatory effects 746-747 extravasation 745-746 pharmacologic modulation 747-748 Leukotriene A[U]4[u] hydrolase 569 Leukotriene B (LTB), receptor antagonist metabolites 277 Leumedin, modulation of leukocyte adhesive interactions 747 Ligand sources, receptor-based assays 87 Ligase chain reaction 43-44 gene probe assays, sensitivity 48 Lignin peroxidases oxidation of PAHs 334 structure 484 Linkers, disulfide 740 Lipids analysis 57-62, 60 components of liposomes 60 as effectors 57 and introduction of foreign (hydrophobic) DNA 58 modification of protein behavior 58-59 plants, recombinant manipulation 58 as raw materials 58 Lipids, cationic delivery of genes in vivo 705-706 direct DNA injection and particle bombardment 705-706 Liriodendron tulipifera, transgenic 138 Listeria monocytogenes, infection of @[3T-cell deficient mice 693 Lithospermum, root culture 206 Liver carcinoma cDNA library 674 Luciferase, reporter gene 81 Lumazine, DNA synthesis 23 Lycopersicon see Tomato Lyngbya majuscula, immunosuppressive metabolites 276 Lyophilization, proteins 449 Macromolecules biosensors 185-I 86 electron crystallography 396-401 Macrophages, inactivation by TGF-a 727-728 Magnetic resonance imaging 72 Maize, host resistance genes 149 Malaria, antimalarial metabolites 276 MALD time of flight mass spectrometry 412, 413 Mambin 436 Mammalian cells cell-surface receptors, expression systems 553-557 culture glutamine determination 184 shear sensitivity 193-196 homologous recombination, gene targeting 577-582 intestinal tract, gene transfer 294-298 steroid hormone receptors, as transcriptinal activators in yeast 539

Index to subjects Mammalian gene studies cancer biology 699-704 cDNAs, analysis 672-677 common human disease 678-683 dismantling the immune system 690-698 DNA profiling 660-664 editorial overview 657-659 gene therapy, non-viral approaches 705-707 genetic mapping (Genethon initiative) 665-671 identification of new genes 684-689 see also CVl origin, SV40 (COS)-based expression systems; Gene expression systems; Human genome mapping; Mice, gene studies Mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase, in drought/salinity response 154 ~.-D-Mannopyranoside, concanavalin A 526-527 Manure digestion, low temperatures 359 Map-based cloning see Genome mapping in plants; Human genome MAR/SARs see Nuclear matrix/scaffold-associated regions Marine natural products, novel pharmacological agents 275-279 Mass spectrometry carbohydrate analysis $3 electrospray 413-414 MALD time of flight 412, 413 protein analysis 14-19 chemical modification characterization 15 interfaces for separation techniques 16 prospects 16 noncovalent complexes 14 post-translational modifications 15 quantitative analysis using stable isotope labels 16 sequences and sequence correlations 15-16 topographic mapping 14 proteins and peptides 411-417 ~-Mating factor, and membrane translocation 539-540 Medical biosensors 76 Membrane translocation, and ~-mating factor 539-540 Membrane-associated proteins, twelve domain transporters, screens for compounds acting on 549-550 Merocyanine, MeroCaM molecule, biosensor 71 Metabolic pathways modeling and analysis 211-216 cybernetic approach 213 oscillation and stability 212-213 theoretical yield 214 network rigidity 214 pathway analysis 213 optimization 213-214 product distribution 214 Metal binding, for stability proteins 449 Methane flux, psychrophilic communities 358-359 methanogenesis bioreactors 324-327 landfills and waste deposits 358 and methanotrophs 326-327 Methanotrophs PAH catabolism 333 psychrophilic communities 358-359 relict communities 357 Mice, gene studies

chimera formation, non-injection 695 ES cells see Embryonic stem cells gene trapping in embryonic stem cells 684-689 in vivo gene modification 694, 695 MHC-deficient 693 new mutant strains 690-692 RAG-deficient blastocyst complementation 693-694 second generation experiments 692-693 Microbes and microbial processes biodegradation of PAHs 331-338 biodegradation of PCBs 339-340 landfills and waste deposits 358 mineral biotechnology 344-355 relict communities 356-357 transformation, particle bombardment 584-585 Microsatellites markers, renin-angiotensin system genes 678 PCR-based technologies 661 Microscale regenerable biosensors (MRB) 75 Microscopy confocal 200, 526-527 digital 69-74 Nearfield scanning optical microscopy 73 scanning 72-73, 402-410 Microspheres, bacteria injected and transported into aquifers 314 Migraine, association with CADASIL 679 Mineral biotechnology and bioleaching 344-355 chemolithotrophic bacteria copper recovery 348-349 desulfurization of fossil fuels 345-347 detection and distribution 349-350 gold recovery 347-348 pyrite removal 347 Minisatellite variant repeat mapping, using PCR 662 Mitochondria, gene transfer by particle bombardment 585 Mitoge]lin, inhibition of protein synthesis 740 Molecular techniques quantification of soil microbes 320-321 thiobacilli 344-345 Monensin, applications 742 Monoclonal antibodies, adhesion receptor blocking mAbs 747-748 Monte Carlo simulations, electron scattering events 404 Motor neurone disease, and CNTF 735 MPTP lesions, and CNTF 735 mtDNA, PCR-based technologies 661 Mucosal vaccine delivery, Gram-positive commensal bacteria 603-610 Multiple drug resistance (MDR) gene 549-550 Mutants, screening for 454-455 Mycobacterial infections, therapy with IL-2 724-725 A4ycobacterium aurum, vinyl chloride biodegradation 327 Mycophenolic acid, modulation of leukocyte adhesive interactions 747 Myocardial infarction, and angiotensin converting-enzyme (ACE) gene 678 Myxomavirus, interferon-y pathway utilization 730 Naphthalene see Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Nearfield scanning optical microscopy 73 Neomycin phosphotransferase (neo), reporter gene 685

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Index to subjects Neurokinin receptor family 87 Nicotiana

pigmentation 162 see also Tobacco NMR spectroscopy 2-D proton-detected heteronuclear 384-388 proteins, dynamic properties 384-390 pulse sequences for spin relaxation experiments 384-385 spin relaxation parameters 385-386 transferred nOe techniques determination of conformations of bound peptides 391-395 applications 392-394 Nordic Council of Ministers, and OECD 266-267 Nuclear matrix/scaffold-associated regions 574-575 Nuclear Overhauser effect see NMR spectroscopy, transferred nOe techniques Nuclear polyhedrosis virus see Autographa califomica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcNPV) Nucleic acids -modifying enzymes, thermostability 189 amplification technologies comparisons 42 recent advances 41-47 synthesis, modification and labeling 20-28 Nucleobindin, coiled-coil protein-folding motif 427 Nucleotide phosphodiesterase inhibitors, screening for 546 OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) and Nordic Council of Ministers 266-267 regulation of agricultural biotechnology 263-264 Oils, novel, production 155-156 Oligonucleotides analogues, altered backbones 22 assembly, new supports 20 attachment of intercalators, fluorophores, alkylating agents 23 linkers for single or multiple labeling 22-23 new PCR advances 41-47 oligonucleotide-nuclease conjugates, cleavage 32 post-synthetic and miscellaneous modifications 23 primers, partial amino acids sequence analysis 413 probes, fluorescent labeling, soil studies 320 'sense' 85-86 sequence-specific recognition 30-31 Oligosaccharides 6-1,4-glycanase 467-471 biosynthetic pathways 599 structureDfunction 597-598 Oligosaccharins, nod factors of nitrogenfixing bacteria 54 Onchorhynchus masou virus of fish (OMV) 290 Oncogenes, screening for 548-549 Optical biosensors 75-76 Organic manure digestion, low temperatures 359 Organic solvents, enzymes 449 Ornatins 436 Oxygen, BOD, control 186 £2-type vectors 577 p53 gene product, antitumor agent 549 PAGE see SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis Papaya, transgenic 138 Paper mills 359

Parkinson's disease, and CNTF 735 Particle bombardment 583-590 gene transfer 135-141 dicotyledonous species 136-137 monotyledonous species 137-138 new plant species 136 to animal cells and tissues 586-587 to plants 585-586 to plastids and mitochondria 585 trees 138 hardware and new acceleration mechanisms 138-139 instrumentation 583-584 mechanistic aspects 135-136 microbial transformation 584-585 novel uses 136 patents 140 Particle gun-mediated transformation see Particle bombardment Pathogenesis-related proteins chitinase and [[3-1,3-glucanase 148 plant gene families 148 PCR-based genotyping 143 PEG see Polyethylene glycol Pelargonidin 160-161 Penares incrustans, receptor antagonist metabolites 277 Penicillins, biosensors 185 Penicillium janthinellum, serine carboxypeptidases 461 Pentachlorophenol, biodegradation 342 Peptide bond, alternatives 420 Peptide libraries amino acids sequence analysis 526 phage display 526-527 Peptide receptors 87 Peptides alpha-COSH segments 419, 420 amidation, CPDs 464 amide bond 421 bound, NMR transferred hOe techniques 391-395 conotoxins 422 constrained, RGD motif 440 GALA, delivery of genes in vivo 708 ligation biotechnologies 421 mass spectrometry 411-417 metal coordination chemistry 421 polypeptide primary structures, mass analysis 411-412 protected, synthesis 419 serine carboxypeptidase synthesis 3-D s~ructure 461 active site cavity 461-463 applications 463-465 hazards 460 solid-phase peptide synthesis 418-419 transpeptidation 460 Peroxidases 482-487 engineering 485 new crystal structure 483-484 Petunia

pigmentation 161-163 stable expression of foreign genes 163 PGPR (plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria) see Rhizobacteria Phage display antibody libraries 527-528 Fabs and single-chain antibodies 528

Index to subjects peptide libraries 526-527 proteases 528 Phanerochaete chrysosporum, peroxtdases 483 Pharmaceutical studies CNS growth and differentiation factors 734-738 editorial overview 711-713 human recombinant interleukin-2 722-726 infectious diseases 722-726, 727-733 inflammatory disease 745-750 septic shock therapies 714-721 targeted delivery of toxins and enzymes by antibodies and growth factors 739-744 tumor necrosis factor 714-721 Pharmaceuticals, screening for 543-550 Phenanthrene see Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Phenazmes, phenazine-l-carboxylic acid 306-307 Phenylene diisothiocyanate membranes 10 Phenylisothiocyanate, amino acid analysis 11 Phosphinothricin acetyltransferase activity, wheat 137 Phospholipase A-2 inhibitors 277 Phosphoramidites, RNA synthesis fluorescein 23 glycerol 23 lumazine 23 Picea, white spruce, transgenic 138 Pichia pastoris, heterologous gene products 538-542 Pigmentation control in transgenic plants 159-165 engineering blue color 163 manipulation, antisense RNA 167 PITC see Phenylisothiocyanate PKS see Polyketide synthases Plant biotechnology, editorial overview 133-134 Plants and plant cells flow cytometry 64-65 gene transfer by particle bombardment 585-586 genome mapping 142-147 growth-promoting rhizobacteria see Rhizobactefia guard cells, drought tolerance, calcium channels 173 lipids, recombinant manipulation 58 particle gun-mediated transformation 135-141 root culture 205-210 roots, impact on rhizosphere 320 seeds, defense genes 149 transfer to developing countries 177-179 see also Transgenic plants Plasma membrane calcium channels 173-174 Plasma peptide, assay 16 Plasmids COS cells 559 CDM7B- and CDM8 559 gene transfer 295 host ranges 295 Plasmons, surface resonance 75 Plastids and mitochondria, gene transfer by particle bombardment 585 Platelet aggregation inhibitors, RGD sequence 437 Platelet-derived growth factor receptors, baculovirus systems 568 Polychlorinated biphenyls, biodegradation 339-340 Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons biodegradation 331-338 by algae 334-335

by fungi 333-334 detection of m~crobial populations 335 future research 335-336 list of organisms 332 under anaerobic conditions 335 structural formulas, solubilities and carcinogenicities 332 Polyethylene glycol, protein linkages 60 Polyhydroxyalkanoates 156 Polyhydroxybutyrates 156 Polyketide synthases 531 aromatic, gene manipulation 533 macrolide 533 precursor supply 533 Polylysine, delivery of genes in vivo 707 Polymerase chain reaction cloning of receptors 86 DNA profiling 661-662 increases PCR specificity and efficiency 4 2 4 3 new reagents 41-42 novel applications 43 PCR-based genotyping 143 Qa replicase 43 recent advances in nucleic acid amplification technologies 4147 sensitivity 48 specificity 48-49 Polymers, novel, production 156 Polypeptides see Peptldes Polyvinylidene difluoride membrane 4 protein staining, methods compared 4 Populus, poplar, transgenic 138 Porins Pseudomonas spp. 309 structure, electron crystallography 398 Porous media, bacteria injected and transported into aquifers 312-317 Portieria hornemannii, cytotoxic metabolites 276 Post-translational processing, yeast expression systems 539 Potato, starch production 154 Preparative chromatography 217-225 Prevotella ruminicola, tetQ, and human colonic Bacteroides 296 Probe amplification, ligase chain reaction 4 3 4 4 Proline, and coiled-coil protein-folding motif 426 Propylamine transferase, Sulfolobus, thermostability 190 Prostate-specific antigen gene 559 Protein(s) amino acid analysis 11 chemical protein sequencing 9-13 chemical synthesis 418-425 alternatives 460 coiled-coil protein-folding motif, structure, functions and applications 426-435 D-proteins, availability 423 dynamic properties from NMR spectroscopy 384-390 electrophoresis see below engineering cellulose-binding domains 469 editorial overview 381-383 for unusual elements 448454 enhancing stability 448449 enzymatic synthesis 460466 hydrolysis, low temperatures 359

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Index to subjects lyophilization 449 mass spectrometric analysis 14-19 metal binding for stability 449 modification of behavior by lipids 58-60 non-covalent associations involving proteins 413-414 and peptides, mass spectrometry 411-417 primary structure, posttranslational modifications 413 protein-DNA recognition, new structural results 474 random mutagenesis 449-450 RAS, S. cerevisiae 548-549 secreted, glycosylation 540-541 secretion efficiency, factors 539-540 sequence analysis, CPDs 464 sequence changes, solubility and secretability 456 solid tissues, expression systems 593-594 solubility and secretability 454-459 stabilization 449 synthetic analogs 419-420 template-assembled synthetic (TASP) 421-422 thermostability 190 Protein electrophoresls 3-8 blotting 4 capillary electrophoresis 3-4 related methods 4-6 Protein folding, Sulfolobus 190 Protein kinase C analysis, mass spectrometry 412 enzyme inhibitor metabolites 277 Proteolysis enzymes, thermostability 189 reverse 420-421 Proto-oncogenes, transgenic animals 700 Pseudomonas spp. biodegradation chlorobenzene 341-342 chlorobenzoate 341 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid 341 pentachlorophenol 342 of polychlorinated biphenyls 339-340 charge-coupled device microscopy 320-321 desulfurization of fossil fuels 346 exotoxin A, inhibition of protein synthesis 740 gene transfer plasmids 295 plant-associated strains, differentiation studies 303 serine carboxypeptidases 461 Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms, control 198 PAO1 carrying genes 333 porins 309 water supply 313 survival 314-315 Pseudomonas auflofasciens growth-promoting function 306-311 take-all disease 307-308 Pseudomonas capacia, trichloroethane biodegradation 327 Pseudomonas fluorescens biovar 1, antiviral agent, fish viruses 290 HK44, PAH catabolism 335 ice-nucleation activity 308 Pseudomonas putida PpG7, naphthalene dioxygenase genes 333 in soil microcosm 315

Pseudomonas syringae porins 309 siderophore production 308 Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci, acetyltransferase gene 150 Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato, YAC 150 Psychrophiles, methane flux 358-359 Pullulan, detection, biosensors 184 Pullulanase, Clostridium 185 PVDF membranes see Polyvinylidene difluoride Pyrite, biological removal 347 Pyrococcus furiosus, growth temperature 188-189, 190 Pyrococcus woesei 189 Pyruvate oxidase mutants 449 Pythium damping-off disease, cucumber 308-309 Qa replicase 43 Radioligand-binding assays 87 RAPD (randomly amplified polymorphic DNA) 142-144 Rare cell types, detection by flow cytometry 65-66 RAS proteins, Saccharomyces cerevisiae 548-549 Ras-regulated signal transduction pathway 546 RecA protein monomer and polymer, structure 476-477 Receptor antagonist metabolites 277-278 Receptor-based assays 85-90 cloned receptors 86 detection systems 87 human receptor clones 86-87 ligand sources 87 Receptors, recombinant 553-555 Recombinant proteins, yeasts, high expression levels 539 Regulation and safety agricultural biotechnology, European perspective 263-264 genetically engineered organisms 299-305 live bacterial vaccines 303-304 Relict communities 356-357 Renin-angiotensin system genes 678-679 Reporter genes bacterial lacZ 685-687 histidinol dehydrogenase (his) 685 neomycin phosphotransferase (neo) 685 plasmids, HSV-l~-galactosidase 81 polymerase chain reaction 49 Retroviral infection vectors 686 vs DNA electroportation 686-687 Reverse transcriptase, HIV-1 ribonu(~lease H domain, NMR spectroscopy 386-387 structure 475 RGD-containing protein antagonists of glycoprotein lib-Ilia 436-443 active native and engineered proteins 438-440 in constrained peptides 440 Rhizobacteria and ecological competence 309 genetic manipulation 308-309 use for biocontrol 306-311 see also Soil Rhizomucor miehei, serine carboxypeptidases 461 Rhizosphere, impact of plant roots 320 Rhodococcus rhodochrous, desulfurization of fossil fuels 346 Ribonuclease-A, solid-phase peptide synthesis 418-419 Ribonuclease-H

Index to subjects H domain 386-387 structure 475-476 Ribosome-inactivating protein 740 barley 149 Ribozymes, drug targets 85 Rice, transgenic 137 RNA analogues, new syntheses 21 RNA synthesis, new developments 20-21 RNases H domain 386-387 RNa-A, solid-phase peptide synthesis 418-419 RNase A-antibody complexes 740 Robotics, laboratory automation 91-92 Root culture bioreactors 205-210 homogenization 207 product recovery 208-209 reproducibility and variability 209 Rous sarcoma virus, RSV-transforming protein, expression systems 549 Rubredoxin, Fmoc methodologies 422-423 Saccharide-modifying enzymes, thermostability 189-190 Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell-based assays and screens 543-552 enzyme inhibitor metabolites 276-277 GAL4 protein 475 glucans, immunostimulants in fish 291 glycosylation 540 ion transport, agents acting on 548 site-specific reombinases (FLP), in mouse ES cells see also Yeast systems Saccharum, sugarcane, transgenic 138 Safety see Regulation Salicylic acid, pathogen-increased necrosis 148 Salmonella spp. attenuated strains 612 heterologous gene expression systems 611-615 live bacterial vaccines 303-304 vaccines 611 virulence, molecular genetic analysis 612-613 Salmonella typhimurium stress response 302 suicide genes 304 Saporin, applications 742 Scanned probe microscopy 72 Scanning force microscopy 73 Scanning nearfield optical microscopy 73 Scanning transmission electron microscopy 402-410 Scanning tunneling microscopy 72-73 Scopalamine production, Atropa belladonna 157 SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis blotting 4 carbohydrates 52-53 high yield transfer of proteins 4 new crosslinker (DHEBA) 5 new matrices 5-6 Nile Red staining method 5 Secondary metabolites, production 156-157 Seeds, defense genes 149 Selectins, sialylated glycoproteins 54 Septic shock therapies 714-721

compensated/decompensated sepsis 716 hepatic dysfunction 716 immunotherapeutics, list 714 intestinal dysfunction 717-718 mortality in experimental sepsis 718-719 pulmonary dysfunction 717 renal dysfunction 717 Sequence-tagged microsatellites 143 Serine carboxypeptidases 460-466 Serotonin receptors, mammalian cell expression systems 553-554 Shear sensitivity, mammalian cells, culture 193-196 Signal transduction detection, novel systems 555 plants, and calcium channels 172-I 76 Simazine, absorption studies 318 Snake venoms, glycoprotein llb-llla antagonists 436 Soil composition of microbial communities 319-320 microbial activity 318-322 porosity 319 quantification of microbes, molecular techniques 320-321 substrate accessibility 318-319 zinc, as secondary metabolite 308 see also Landfills; Rhizobacteria Solfatars, relict communities 356-357 Solid-phase peptide synthesis, ribonuclease A 418-419 Solvents, chlorinated solvents, in situ bioremediation 323-330 South America, plant biotechnology 177-I 79 Soybean, transgenic 136 Spectrometry, magnetic, STEM multisignal imaging 404-405 Sperms, analysis and PCR, flow cytometry 65 Sponges, enzyme inhibitor metabolites 276-277 SPR see Plasmons, surface resonance Spruce, white, transgenic 138 Staphylococcal nuclease, NMR spectroscopy 386 Staphylococcus see Gram-positive commensal bacteria Starch production 153-155 Staurosporine, protein kinase C inhibitor metabolites 277 Steroid hormone receptors transcriptional activation assays 81 in yeast 539 Sterol, biosynthesis, antifungal agents 544 Strand displacement amplification 44 Streptavidin, preparative chromatography 219 Streptococcus pneumoniae conjugative transposons 295 see also Gram-positive commensal bacteria Streptomyces acyl carrier proteins 532 gene expression systems 532 hybrid antibiotics 531-537 protein kinase C inhibitor metabolites 277 Stress genes, and killing genes 302-303 Stromatolites, relict communities 356-357 Subtilisin E and dimethylformamide 450 PC3 variant 450 Sucrose detection, biosensors 184 production 153-155 Sucrose phosphate synthase 153 Sugarcane, transgenic 138

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Index to subjects Suicide genes degradation of xenobiotics 301-302 environmental potential 299-305 expression control circuits 300-301 fimA switch 304 Sulfides bioleaching 344-355 copper recovery 348-349 gold recovery 347-348 desulfurization of fossil fuels 345-347 SV40 early region genes 699-700 SV40 large T antigen, bF crystallin promoter 699 SV40 ori plasmids 558 see also CV1 origin, SV40 (COS)-based expression systems

Tagetes, root culture 206 Taxol, production of 156 Temperature enzymes from high temperature microorganisms 188-192 and protein solubility and secretability, Escherichia coli 455 Template-assembled synthetic proteins (TASP) 421~122 Terpenoids, production 156 Tetraethylmethylenediamine, capillary electrophoresis 4 Tetrahymena thermophila, fish parasite 290 TGF-0~, TGF-[~I, transgenic overexpression and tumorigenesis 702 TGF-[3, inactivation of macrophages 727-728 Theonella swinhoei, enzyme inhibitor metabolites 277 Thermometric immunoassays 185-186 Thermomonospora fusca, 6-1,4-glycanase 468 Thermophles, enzymes 188-192 Thermotoga, saccharide-modifying enzymes 189-190 Thermus aquaticus, DNA polymerase, thermostability 189 Thlobacilli copper recovery 348-349 desulfurization of fossil fuels 345-347 gene transfer technology 345 molecular biology 344-345 partial listing of cloned genes 345 pyrite removal 347 Thioredoxin, NMR spectroscopy 386, 387 Thymine glycol, endonuclease III inhibitor 477 Timber processing 359 Tissue plasminogen activator glycans 598 recombinant, refold 522 Tobacco black root rot 307 cell transformatton 136 root cultures, yeast transformation, nicotine production 157 systemic acquired resistance genes 148 terpenoid pathway 156 Tomato antisense genes, cDNA encoding ACC oxidase 166 cell transformation 136 host resistance genes 149 YAC 149 Tonoplasts, calcium-release channels 174 Topoisomerases I and II, enzyme inhibitor metabolites 276-277 Torpedo acetylcholine esterase, CPDs 461 acetylcholine receptor, binding 393 Toxins, targeted delivery by antibodies and growth factors

739-744 Trans-inactivation of gene expression gene silencing 166-I 71 and methylation 167 Transcobalamin II, baculovirus expression systems 569 Transcription activation assays 80-82 Transcription amplification system, self-sustained sequence replication 44 Transcription factors, herpes simplex virus 81 Transgenes cancer biology 699-704 gene suppression 167 Transgenic animals 591-595 cancer biology SV40 early region genes 699-704 pig, human hemoglobin 592-593 Transgenic plants commercial use, biosynthetic pathways 152-158 control of pigmentation 159-165 disease-resistance 148-151 particle gun-mediated transformation 135-141 Translation initiation and elongation, gene expression systems 520-521 Transmembrane domain transporters, screens for compounds acting on 549-550 Transposons conjugatlve, gene transfer 295-296 mutagenesis 532 Tree species, transgenic 138 Trichloroethane biodegradation 323~330 Pseudomonas capacia 327 Trichoderma reesei, [~-1,4-glycanase 468 Trididemnum solidum, immunosuppressive metabolites 276 Trigramin 436 Tropical biodiversity, Costa Rica 280-285 Trypanosoma brucei brucei, infection of c~ T-cell deficient mice 693 Tumor necrosis factor-(~ anti-TNF therapies 714-721 efficacy 718 in infectious disease 729-730 in leprosy 724-725 vs interleukin-1, septic shock therapies 714-721 Tumor suppressor genes, analysis 701-702 Tumorigenesis, transgenic animals 699-704 Tumors antitumor agents, screening for 548-549 ant[tumor metabolites 276 kinetics, flow cytometry 64 Tungsten-dependent acetaldehyde oxidoreductase 188 Two-dimensional proton-detected heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy 384-388 Two-hybrid system in yeast, transcriptional activation assays 81 Typhoid, vaccine development 613 Vaccination, genetic, direct injection 586-587 Vaccines AIDS-related 271 antigen delivery, Gram-positive commensal bacteria 603-610 delivery systems, use of Salmonella 611-615 fish vaccines, molecular and biotechnological approaches 286-293 live bacterial 303-304

Index to subjects Vaccinium macrocarpum, cranberry, transgenic 137 Valinomycin, resistance 549-550 Vectors antigen delivery 603-610 baculovirus systems 565-566 gene targeting vectors, mammalian cells 577-582 ~-type vectors 577 yeast-based baculovirus shuttle vectors 567 Vibrio spp., stress response 302, 303 Vibriosis, in fish, commercial vaccines 291 Video microscopy 69-74 Vinyl chloride, biodegradation 327 Mycobacterium aurum 327 Vi rus(es) antiviral agents regulation in US 269-271 screening for 547 hemorrhagic septicemia virus of fish (VHSV) 290 lyric 574 pathogens of fish 288 commercial vaccines 291 von Willebrand factor, carbohydrates, analysis 53

Waste deposits see Landfills and waste deposits Water supply chlorinated solvents 323-330 see also Aquifers Wax esters, production of 155-156 Wheat phosphinothricin acetyltransferase activity 137 take-all disease, biocontrol 306, 307 transgenic 137 modifications 138 Wheat agglutinin, growth retardation 149

Whole cell assays 80-84 Whole chromosome contigs 667 Whole genome mapping approaches 667 X-chromosome inactivation 666 Xanthine oxidase, anti-CD3 antibody 740 Xenobiotics, degradation 301-302 Xestobergstol 277 Xestospongia bergquista, receptor antagonist metabolites 277-278 Xestospongia carbonaria, and other spp., enzyme inhibitor metabolites 276-277 YACs see Yeast artificial chromosome libraries Yeast cytotoxicity assays 82 transactivator GAL4 81-82 two-hybrid system, transcriptional activation assays 81 Yeast artificial chromosome libraries 144 Yeast systems heterologous gene products 538-542 mammalian steroid hormone receptors as transcriptinal activators in yeast 539 recombinant proteins, high expression levels 539 yeast-based baculovirus shuttle vectors 567 see also Saccharomyces cerevisiae Yersinia, immune responsiveness in fish 291 Zea mais (maize), host resistance genes 149 Zinc DNA-binding proteins 474-475 soil, as secondary metabolite 308 Zinc-finger peptide human estrogen receptor protein 414 Langevin mode analyses 387 NMR spectroscopy 386

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