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Cumulative Subject Index for Vols. 1-24
CUMULATIVE SUBJECT INDEX FOR VOLS. 1-24 A Acetals, cyclic, of the aldoses and aldosides, 20,
219-302
of hexitols, pentitols, and tetritols, 7,
137-207 Acetic acid, trifluoro-, anhydride, applications of, in carbohydrate chemistry, 16,59-84 Acetolysis, 22, 11-23 Aconitic acid, 6,231-249 Action pattern, of starch degrading and synthesizing enzymes, 23,281-366 Adsorbents, granular, for sugar refining, 6, 205-230 Alcohols, higher-carbon sugar, configurations of,
Animals, conjugates of D-glucuronic acid originating in, 9,185-246 Antibiotic substances, chemistry of the amino sugars derived from, 18,259-308 Apiose, 4.57-74 Ascorbic acid, analogs of, 2,79-I06 Aromatic compounds, biosynthesis of, from D-glucose, 15,
235-270
B Bacteria, glycolipides of acid-fast, 16, 207-238 nucleosides and nucleotides of, 15,
201 -234
1,l-36
unsaturated polyhydric, 2,107-1 18 Aldonic acids, acylated nitriles of, 4,119-151 Aldopentoses, methyl ethers of, 7, 1-36; 10, 257-272 Aldoses and aldosides, cyclic acetals of, 20,219-302 Alkaline degradation, of polysaccharides, 13,289-329 Altrose, group of compounds related to, 1.37-76 Amadori rearrangement, 10,169-205 Amino sugars. See Sugars, 2-amino-2deoxy. Amylases, certain alpha, 5,229-268 Analysis, of crystal structure, in carbohydrate chemistry, 19,7-22 Anhydrides, difructose, 2,253-277 ofhexitols, 5, 191-228 of pentitols, 5, 191-228 Anhydro sugars. See Sugars, anhydro.
polysaccharides from, 2, 203-233; 3,
311-336
polysaccharides of Gram-negative, 15,
271-340 Benzimidazoles, 2-(aldo-polyhydroxyaIkyl)-,6, 175-203 Benzyl ethers, of sugars, 12,137-156 Biochemical aspects, of mutarotation of sugars in solution, 24,
13-65
Biochemical reductions, at the expense of sugars, 4,75- 117 Biosynthesis, of aromatic compounds from D-glucose,
15,235-270
of hyaluronic acid, 12,299-319 of the monosaccharides, 11, 185-262 of saccharides, from glycopyranosyl esters of nucleotides, 18, 309-356 Blood groups, polysaccharides of, 4,37-55 Boric acid, for determining configuration of carbohydrates, 4,189-210
509
510
CUMULATIVE SUBJECT INDEX FOR VOLS. 1-24
Bourquelot, Emile, obituary of, 18.1-8 Branched-chain sugars. branched-chain.
See
Sugars,
C Cane juice, composition of 8,291-314 Cane molasses. See Molasses, cane. Carbohydrates, action of hydrogen peroxide on, 19,
149-179
application of reductive desulfurization by Raney nickel, in the field of, 5,
1-28
application of trifluoroacetic anhydride in chemistry of, 16.59-84 application of the 0 x 0 reaction to some derivatives of, 23,59-114 as components of cardiac glycosides, 1,
147-173
carbonates of, 15,91-158 chemistry of, Emil Fischer and his contribution to, 21,l-38 complexes of, with alkali metals and alkaline-earth metals, 21, 209-271 compounds with proteins, in human urine, 24,435-452 constitution of, 15, 11-51 crystal-structure analysis of, 19, 7-22 degradation of, 19,181-218 determination of configuration of, with boric acid, 4,189-210 dicarbonyl, 17,223-299 enzyme specificity in the domain of, 5,
49-78
formazan reaction, in research on, 13,
105-167
Friedel-Crafts and Grignard processes applied to, 6,251-289 gas-liquid chromatography of derivatives of, 19,95-147 halogen oxidation of simple, 3, 129- 184 halogenated, 22, 177-227 infrared spectra of, 12.13-33 infrared spectroscopy of, 19,23-49 mass spectrometry of derivatives of, 21,
39-93
mechanisms of replacement reactions in chemistry of, 9 , l - 5 7
metabolism of, 2, 119-160; 3, 229-250 orthoesters of, 1,77-127 paper electrophoresis of, 18, 61-97 periodate oxidation of, 11.1-41 the “dialdehydes” from, 16, 105-158 phenol derivatives, in higher plants, 20,
371-408
photochemistry of, 18,9-59 physicochemical properties of, 15, 11-
51
radiation chemistry of, 16,13-58 and related compounds, action of hydrogen peroxide on, 19, 149-179 paper chromatography of, 9,303-353 relative reactivities of hydroxyl groups of, €41-44 selective catalytic oxidation of, employing platinum catalysts, 17,16922 1 in the soil, 16,335-355 stereochemistry of cyclic derivatives of,
10,l-53 sulfonic esters of, 8, 107-215; 23, 233-
280; 24,139-197
systems, effects of plant-growth substances on, 21,377-430 thiocarbonates of, 15,91-158 trityl ethers of, 3,79-111 zone electrophoresis of, 12,81-115 Carbonates, ofcarbohydrates, 15,91-158 Carboxymethyl ether, of cellulose, 9,285-302 Cardenolides, synthetic, 21,273-321 Catalysts, effects of, in mutarotation of sugars in solution, 24,13-65 platinum, in selective catalytic oxidation of carbohydrates, 17, 169-221 Cellulose, carboxymethyl-, 9,285-302 esters of, with organic acids, 1,309-327 ethers of, 2,279-294 molecular constitution of, 3, 185-228 of wood, polysaccharides associated with, 10,283-333 Celluloses, relative crystallinity of, 5, 103-126 some reactions of, 19, 219-246 structure of, 19,219-246 Cellulosic materials,
CUMULATIVE SUBJECT INDEX FOR VOLS. 1-24 combustion and pyrolysis of, 23, 419474 Chemistry, of the amino sugars, 14,213-281 of the 2-amino sugars, 7,247-288 of anhydro sugars, 2,37-77 of carbohydrates, applications of trifluoroacetic anhydride in, 16, 5984 Emil Fischer and his contribution to, 21,l-38 crystal-structure analysis in, 19, 7-22 infrared spectroscopy and, 19, 23-49 some implications of theories relating to the mechanisms of replacement reactions in, 9, 1-57 of the cyclitols, 3,45-77 of cyclitols containing four or five hydroxyl groups, 20, 11-65 of the 2-deoxy sugars, 8.45-105 of heparin, 10,335-368 of mucopolysaccharides and mucoproteins, 2, 161-201 of the nucleic acids, 1,193-245 ofosazones, 20,139-181 of osotriazoles, 18,99-121 of pectic materials, 2,235-251 of ribose, 6,135-174 of streptomycin, 3,337-384 of thio sugars, 18,123-199 physical, of carbohydrates, 15, 11-51 of starch, 11,335-385 radiation, of carbohydrates, 16, 13-58 stereo-, of cyclic derivatives of carbohydrates, 10,l-53 structural, of fungal polysaccharides, 23, 367-417 of the hemicelluloses, 14, 429-468 of polysaccharides, 15,53-89 Chitin, 15,371-393 Chromatography, column. See Column chromatography. gas-liquid. See Gas-liquid chromatography. paper. See Paper chromatography. Color, of sugar products, 9,247-284 Column chromatography, of sugars and their derivatives, 10, 55-94
511
Combustion, of cellulosic materials, 23, 419-474 Complexes, of carbohydrates, with alkali metals and alkaline-earth metals, 21, 209-271 cuprammonium-glycoside, 6, 107- 134 Composition, of sugar solutions, 2 3 , l l - 5 7 Configuration, of carbohydrates, determination of, 4, 189-210 of cyclitols, 3,45-77 of higher-carbon sugar alcohols, 1, 1-36 of sucrose, 4 , l - 3 5 Conformation, in formation of polysaccharide gels and networks, 24,267-332 Conjugates, of D-glycuronic acid, 9,185-246 of sugars with sphinogosines, 24, 381433 Constitution, of carbohydrates, 1 5 , l l - 5 1 Crystallinity, relative, of celluloses, 5,103-126 Crystal-structure analysis, in carbohydrate chemistry, 19,7-22 Cuprammonium-glycoside complexes, 6, 107-134 Cyanohydrin synthesis, Fischer, I, 1-36 Cyclic acetals, of the aldoses and aldosides, 20, 219302 Cyclic derivatives, of carbohydrates, stereochemistry of, 10,l-53 Cyclic monosaccharides, having nitrogen or sulfur in the ring, 23,115-232 Cyclitols, 14,135-212 chemistry and configuration of, 3,45-77 containing four or five hydroxyl groups, chemical and physical studies of, 20,ll-65
D Degradation, of acylated nitriles of aldonic acids, 4, 119-151
512
CUMULATIVE SUBJECT INDEX FOR VOLS. 1-24
glycopyranosyl, of nucleotides, 18, ofcarbohydrates, 19,181-218 309-356 enzymic, of glycogen and starch, 3,251310; 17,407-430 beta-ketonic (and related substances), thermal, of starch, 22,483-515 reactions with monosaccharides, 11,97-143 3-Deoxyglycosones. See Glycosuloses, 3nitrate, of starch, 13,331-345 deoxy-. of starch, preparation and properties 3-Deoxyglycosuloses. See Glycosuloses, of, 1,279-307 3-deoxy-. sulfonic, of carbohydrates, 8, 107-215; Deoxy sugars. See Sugars, deoxy. 23,233-280; 24,139-197 Desulfurization, Ethanol, 2-nitro-, reductive, by Raney nickel, 5,l-28 syntheses with, 6,291-318 Dextran, structure and synthesis of, 15,341-369 Ethers, benzyl, of sugars, 12,137-156 Dextrins, carboxymethyl, of cellulose, 9,285-302 the Schardinger, 12,189-260 of cellulose, 2,279-294 Dextrose, methyl, commercial production of crystalline, 5, of the aldopentoses, 7,1-36; 10,257127-143 272 “Dialdehydes,” of 2-amino-2-deoxy sugars, 13, 189from the periodate oxidation of carbo214 hydrates, 16,105-158 of fucose, 7,1-36; 10,257-272 Dicarbonyl derivatives, of D-galactose, 6, 11-25; 10, 273-282 of carbohydrates, 17,223-299 of D-glucose, 5,145-190 Difructose, anhydrides, 2,253-277 of hexuronic acids, 9,131-148 Disaccharides, of D-mannose, 8,217-230 enzymic synthesis of, 5,29-48 of rhamnose, 7,l-36; 10,257-272 trehalose, 18,201-225 trityl, of carbohydrates, 3,79-111
E Electrophoresis, of carbohydrates, paper, 18.61-97 zone, 12,81-115 Enzymes. See also, Amylases, Galactosidases, P-Glucuronidase, acting on pectic substances, 5, 79-102 degradation by, of starch and glycogen, 3,251-310; 17,407-430 specificity of, in the domain of carbohydrates, 5,49-78 starch degrading and synthesizing, 23, 281-366 synthesis by, of glycogen and starch, 17, 371-407 of sucrose and other disaccharides, 5, 29-48 Esters, of cellulose, with organic acids, 1,309327
F
Fat, metabolism of, 2,119-160 Fischer, Emil, and his contribution to carbohydrate chemistry, 21, 1-38 Fischer, Hermann Otto Laurenz, obituary of, 17,l-14 Formazan reaction, in carbohydrate research, 13,105-167 Formulas, stereo-, writing of, in a plane, 3,1-22 Fractionation, of starch, 1,247-277; 16,299-333 Friedel-Crafts process, in the carbohydrate series, 6,251-289 Fructans, 2,253-277 Fructofuranoside, a-D-ghcopyranosyl p-D-,4,l-35 Fructosans, poly-. See Fructans.
CUMULATIVE SUBJECT I N D E X FOR VOLS. 1-24 Fructose, and its derivatives, 7, 53-98; 22, 229305 di-, anhydrides, 2,253-277 Fucose, methyl ethers of, 7,l-36; 10,257-272 Fungal polysaccharides, structural chemistry of, 23,367-417 Furan compounds, formation from hexoses, 6,83-106
G Galactose, methyl ethers of D-, 6, 11-25; 10, 273-282 Galactosidases, 16,239-298 Gas-liquid chromatography, of carbohydrate derivatives, 19, 95-147 Gels, polysaccharide, 24,267-332 Glucose. See also, Dextrose. biosynthesis of aromatic compounds from D-, 15,235-270 methyl ethers of D-, 5,145-190 Glucuronic acid, D-, chemical synthesis of, 8,231-249 conjugates of, of animal origin, 9, 185-246 in metabolism, 8,251-275 P-Glucuronidase, preparation and properties of, 14, 381-428 Glutose, 3,113-128 Glycals, 7,209-245 -, 2-hydroxy-, 9,97- 129 Glycofuranosides, 21,95-142 Glycogens, enzymic degradation of, 3, 251-310; 17,407-430 enzymic synthesis of, 17,371-407 molecular structure of, 12,261-298 Glycolipides, of acid-fast bacteria, 16,207-238 Glycoside-cuprammonium complexes, 6, 107- 134 G1ycosides, acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of, 22, 25- 108 alkali-sensitive, 9,59-95 cardiac, 1,147-173
513
the sugars of, 17,65-120 methyl, of the common sugars, 12, 157-187 of the parsley plant, 4,57-74 phenyl, of the common sugars, 12, 157-187 C-Glycosides. See C-Clycosyl compounds. Glycosiduronic acids, of animals, 9,185-246 poly-, ofplants, 1,329-344 Clycosphingolipids, 24,381-433 Glycosones, 3-deoxy-. See Glycosuloses, 3-deoxy-. Glycosuloses, 3-deoxy-, and the degradation of carbohydrates, 19, 181218 Glycosylamines, 10,95-168 Glycosyl azides, 16,85-103 C-Glycosyl compounds, naturally occurring, 18, 227-258; 20,357-369 Glycosyl fluorides, 16,85- 103 Glycos yl halides, and their derivatives, 10,207-256 Goepp, Rudolph Maximilian, Jr., obituary of, 3, xv-xxiii Grignard process, in the carbohydrate series, 6,251-283 Gums (see also, Hydrocolloids), 24, 333379 commercial, 13,265-287 of plants, 4,243-291
H Halogen oxidation. See Oxidation, halogen. Halogenated carbohydrates, 22,177-227 Haworth, Walter Norman, obituary of, 6 , l - 9 Hemicelluloses, structural chemistry of, 14,429-468 of wood, 19,247-302; 20,409-483 Heparin, chemistry of, 10,335-368 Heuser, Emil, obituary of, 15, 1-9 Hexitols, acetals of. 7,137-207 anhydrides of, 5,191-228
514
CUMULATIVE SUBJECT INDEX FOR VOLS. 1-24
and some of their derivatives, 4, 21124 1 synthesis of, 2,107-1 14 Hexofuranoses, 1,6-anhydro-, 7,37-52 Hexosans, 7.37-52 Hexoses. See also, Hexofuranoses. formation of furan compounds from, 6, 83-106 Hexuronic acids, methyl ethers of, 9,131-148 Hibbert, Harold, obituaryof, 16,l-11 History, of mutarotation, 23.11-57 Hudson. Claude Silbert. obituary of, 9, xiii-xviii Hyaluronic acid, biosynthesis of, 12,299-319 H ydrazones, of sugars, 3 , s - 4 4 Hydrocolloids, commercial, pol ysaccharidic, 13, 265287 Hydrogen peroxide, action on carbohydrates and related compounds, 19,149-179 Hydrolysis, acid-catalyzed, ofglycosides, 22,25- 108 Hydroxyl groups, relative reactivities of, 8, 1-44 I
Infrared spectra, of carbohydrates, 12,13-33 Infrared spectroscopy, and carbohydrate chemistry, 19,23-49 Irvine, James Colquhoun, obituary of, 8, xi-xvii Isotopes, effects of, in mutarotation of sugars in solution, '24,13-65 Isotopic tracers. See Tracers, isotopic.
K Ketals. See Acetals. Kinetics, basic, ofmutarotation, 23,ll-57
Kojicacid, 11,145-183 Kuhn, Richard, obituary of, 24.1-12 L Lactose, 16,159-206 Lead tetraacetate, action of, on the sugars, 14,9-61 Levene, Phoebus Aaron Theodor, obituary of, 12,l-12 Lipids, glycosphingo-. See Glycosphingolipids. Lobry de Bruyn-Alberda van Ekenstein transformation, 13,63-103
M Maillard reaction, 14.63-134 Mannose, methyl ethers of D-, 8,217-230 Mass spectrometry, of carbohydrate derivatives, 21,39-93 Materials, cellulosic, combustion and pyrolysis of, 23,419-474 Mechanism, in the formation of polysaccharide gels and networks, 24,267-332 of replacement reactions in carbohydrate chemistry, 9,1-57 Melezitose, 2, 1-36 structure of, 8,277-290 Metabolism, of carbohydrates, 2,119-160 use of isotopic tracers in studying, 3, 229-250 of fat, 2,119-160 of the sugar alcohols and their derivatives, 1, 175-192 D-glucuronic acid in, 8,251-275 Methane, nitro-, syntheses with, 6,291-318 Methods, in structural polysaccharide chemistry, 15,53-89 Methyl ethers. See Ethers, methyl. Meyer, Kurt Heinrich, obituary of, 11, xiii-xviii
CUMULATIVE SUBJECT INDEX FOR VOLS. 1-24 Molasses, cane, 3,113- 128 cane final, composition of, 8,291-314 Molecular structure, of glycogens, 12,261-298 Mononucleotides, 22,307-419 Monosaccharides, biosynthesis of, 11,185-262 cyclic, having nitrogen or sulfur in the ring, 23,115-232 reactions of, with beta-ketonic esters and related substances, 11, 97-143 Mucilages (see also, Hydrocolloids), 24, 333-379 commercial, 13,265-287 of plants, 4,243-291 Mucopolysaccharides. See Polysaccharides, muco-. Mucoproteins. See Proteins, muco-. Mutarotation, of sugars in solution: Part I. History, basic kinetics, and composition of sugar solutions, 23, 11-57 Part 11. Catalytic processes, isotope effects, reaction mechanisms, and biochemical aspects, 24,13-65 Mycobacterium tuberculosis, polysaccharides of, 3,311-336
N Neighboring-group participation, in sugars, 22,109-175 Networks, polysaccharide, 24, 267-332 Neuberg, Carl, obituary of, 13,l-7 Neuraminic acids, and related compounds, 13,237-263 Nickel, Raney. See Raney nickel. Nitrates, of starch, 13,331-345 of sugars, 12,117-135 Nitriles, acylated, of aldonic acids, 4,119-151 Nitro sugars. See Sugars, nitro. Nonulosaminic acids, 13, 237-263 Nuclear magnetic resonance, 19,51-93 Nucleic acids, 1,193-245; 11,285-333
515
Nucleosides, bacterial, 15,201-234 purine, 17,301-369 pyrimidine, 14,283-380 Nucleotides, bacterial, 15,201-234 glycopyranosyl esters of, 18,309-356 mono-, 22,307-419 0 Obituary, of Emile Bourquelot, 18,l-8 of Emil Fischer, 21,l-38 of Hermann Otto Laurenz Fischer, 17, 1-14 of Rudolph Maximilian Goepp, Jr., 3, xv-xxiii of Walter Norman Haworth, 6 , l - 9 of Emil Heuser, 15,l-9 of Harold Hibbert, 16,l-11 of Claude Silbert Hudson, 9, xiii-xviii of James Colquhoun Irvine, 8, xi-xvii of Richard Kuhn, 24,l-12 of Phoebus Aaron Theodor Levene, 12, 1-12 of Kurt Heinrich Meyer, 11, xiii-xviii of Carl Neuberg, 13,l-7 of Edmund George Vincent Percival, 10, xiii-xx of Clifford Burrough Purves, 23,l-10 of Fred Smith, 22,l-10 of John Clinton Sowden, 20,l-10 of A h a Thompson, 19,l-6 of G6za ZemplBn, 14,l-8 Oligosaccharides, 17,121-167 the raffinose family of, 9, 149-184 synthesis of, 6,27-81 Orthoesters, of carbohydrates, 1,77-127 Osazones, chemistry of, 20,139-181 of sugars, 3,23-44 Osones, 11,43-96 Osotriazoles, chemistry of, 18.99-121 Oxidation, halogen, of simple carbohydrates, 3, 129-148 lead tetraacetate, of sugars, 14,9-61
516
CUMULATIVE SUBJECT INDEX FOR VOLS. 1-24
periodate, of carbohydrates, 11,l-41 the “dialdehvdes” from.. 16.. 105-158 selective catalytic, of carbohydrates, employing platinum catalysts, 17, 169-221 0 x 0 reaction, application to some carbohydrate derivatives, 23,59- 114 Oxygen ring, formation and cleavage of, in sugars, 13, 9-61
effect on carbohydrate systems, 21, 377-430 Plants, glycosides of parsley, 4,57-74 gums of, 4,243-291 mucilages of, 4,243-291 polyuronides of, 1,329-344 Platinum. See Catalysts. Pneumococcal polysaccharides, 19, 303357 Polyfructosans. See Fructans. Polyglycosiduronic acids. See GlycosiP duronic acids, poly-. Polysaccharides. See also, Carbohydrates, Paper chromatography, Cellulose, Dextran, Dextrins, of carbohydrates and related comFructans, Glycogen, Glycosiduropounds, 9,303-353 nic acids (poly-),Pectin materials, Paper electrophoresis, Starch, and Xylan. of carbohydrates, 18,61-97 alkaline degradation of, 13,289-329 Parsley, associated with wood cellulose, 10, glycosides of the plant, 4,57-74 283-333 Participation, bacterial, 2, 203-233; 15, 271-340 neighboring-group, in sugars, 22, 109blood group, 4,37-55 175 chemical synthesis of, 21,431-512 Pectic materials, fungal, structural chemistry of, 23, chemistry of, 2,235-251 367-417 enzymes acting on, 5,79- 102 gels and networks, role of structure, Pentitols, conformation, and mechanism, 24, acetals of, 7,137-207 267-332 anhydrides of, 5,191-228 hydrocolloidal, 13,265-287 synthesis of, 2,107-118 methods in structural chemistry of, 15, Percival, Edmund George Vincent, 53-89 obituary of, 10, xiii-xx muco-, chemistry of, 2,161-201 of Gram-negative bacteria, 15, 271-340 Periodate oxidation. See Oxidation, periodate. of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 3,311Phenol-carbohydrate derivatives, 336 in higher plants, 20,371-408 of seaweeds, 8,315-350 Photochemistry, physical properties of solutions of, 18, of carbohydrates, 18,9-59 357-398 Physical chemistry, pneumococcal, 19,303-357 of carbohydrates, 15,ll-51 shape and size of molecules of, 7, 289of starch, 11,335-385 332; 11,385-393 Physical properties, x-ray structure of, 22,421-482 of solutions of polysaccharides, 18, Polyuronides, 357-398 of plants, 1,329-344 Physical studies, Preparation, of cyclitols containing four or five hyof esters of starch, 1,279-307 droxyl of P-glucuronidase, 14,381-428 . groum - 20.11-65 Plant-growth substances, Properties,
CUMULATIVE SUBJECT INDEX FOR VOLS. 1-21
of 2-amino-2-deoxy sugars and their derivatives, 15, 159-200 of esters of starch, 1,279-307 of P-glucuronidase, 14,381-428 physical, of solutions of polysaccharides, 18, 357-398 physicochemical, of carbohydrates, 15, 11-51 Proteins, compounds with carbohydrates, in human urine, 24,435-452 muco-, chemistry of, 2,161-201 Psicose, 7.99-136 Purines, nucleosides of, 17,301-369 Purves, Clifford Burrough, obituary of, 23,l-10 Pyrimidines, nucleosides of, 14,283-380 Pyrolysis, of cellulosic materials, 23, 419-474 R Radiation, chemistry of carbohydrates, 16,13-58 Raffinose, family of oligosaccharides, 9, 149-184 Raney nickel, reductive desulfurization by, 5,l-28 Reaction, the formazan, in carbohydrate research, 13,105-167 the Maillard, 14,63-134 the 0x0, application to some carbohydrate derivatives, 23,59- 114 Reactions, mechanisms of, in mutarotation of sugars in solution, 24,13-65 of amino sugars with beta-dicarbonyl compounds, 20,303-355 of cellulose, 19,219-246 of monosaccharides with beta-ketonic esters and related substances, 11, 97- 143 Reactivities, relative, of hydroxyl groups of carbohydrates, 8, 1-44
517
Rearrangement, the Amadori, 10,169-205 Reductions, biochemical, at the expense of sugars, 4,75-117 Replacement reactions, mechanisms of, in carbohydrate chemistry, 9, 1-57 Rhamnose, methyl ethers of, 7,l-36; 10,257-272 Ribose, chemistry of, 6,135-174
S Saccharides, biosynthesis of, from glycopyranosyl esters of nucleotides, 18,309-356 Saccharification, of wood, 4,153-188 Saccharinic acids, 12,35-79 four-carbon, 13,169- 188 Schardinger dextrins, 12,189-260 Seaweeds, polysaccharides of, 8,315-350 Seleno sugars. See Sugars, seleno. Shape, of some polysaccharide molecules, 7, 289-332; 11,385-393 Sialic acids, 13,237-263 Size, of some polysaccharide molecules, 7, 289-332; 11,385-393 Smith, Fred, obituary of, 22,1-10 Soil, carbohydrates in, 16,335-355 Solutions, of polysaccharides, physical properties of, 18,357-398 of sugars, mutarotation of, 23, 11-57; 24,13-65 Sorbose, 7,99-136 Sowden, John Clinton, obituary of, 20,1-10 Specificity, of enzymes, in the domain of carbohydrates, 5,49-78
518
CUMULATIVE SUBJECT INDEX FOR VOLS. 1-24
Spectra, infrared, “Sugar nucleotides.” See Nucleotides, of carbohydrates, 12,13-33 glycopyranosyl esters of. Spectrometry, mass, Sugar products, of carbohydrate derivatives, 21,39-93 color and turbidity of, 9,247-284 Spectroscopy, infrared, Sugar refining, and carbohydrate chemistry, 19,23-49 granular adsorbents for, 6,205-230 Sphingosines, conjugates with sugars, 24, sugars, 381-433 action of lead tetraacetate on, 14,9-61 Starch, amino, degrading and synthesizing enzymes, aspects of the chemistry of, 14, 21323,281-366 28 1 enzymic degradation of, 3, 251-310; derived from antibiotic substances, 17,407-430 18,259-308 enzymic synthesis of, 17,371-407 methyl ethers of, 13,189-214 fractionation of, 1, 247-277; 16, 299properties of, 15,159-200 333 reactions with beta-dicarbonyl comnitrates of, 13,331-345 pounds, 20,303-355 physical chemistry of, 11,335-385 2-amino. See Sugars, 2-amino-2-deoxy. preparation and properties of esters of, 2-amin0-2-deoxy. 7,247-288 1,279-307 anhydro, thermal degradation of, 22,483-515 chemistry of, 2,37-77 Stereochemistry, benzyl ethers of, 12,137-156 of cyclic derivatives of carbohydrates, biochemical reductions at the expense 10,l-53 of, 4,75-117 formulas, writing of, in a plane, 3,1-22 branched-chain, of natural occurrence, Streptomycin, 11,263-283 chemistry of, 3,337-384 of the cardiac glycosides, 17,65-120 Structural chemistry, conjugates, with sphingosines, 24,381of fungal polysaccharides, 23, 367-417 433 of the hemicelluloses, 14,429-468 deoxy, 21,143-207 Structure, molecular, 2-deoxy, 8,45-105 of cellulose, 19,219-246 higher-carbon, 17,15-63 of dextran, 15,341-369 configurations of, 1.1-36 of glycogens, 12,261-298 hydrazones of, 3,23-44 of polysaccharide gels and networks, methyl glycosides of the common, 12, 24,267-332 157-187 of sucrose, 4, 1-35 neighboring-group participation in, 22, x-ray, of polysaccharides, 22,421-482 109-175 Sucrose. See also, Sugar. nitrates of, 12,117-135 enzymic synthesis of, 5,29-48 nitro, 24,67-138 structure and configuration of, 4,1-35 osazones of, 3,23-44 utilizaton of, 4,293-336 oxygen ring in, formation and cleavage of, 13,9-61 sugar, aconitic acid as by-product in manuphenyl glycosides of the common, 12, facture of, 6,231-249 157-187 Sugar alcohols, related to altrose, 1,37-76 higher carbon, configurations of, 1, seleno, 1,144-145 1-36 solutions of, mutarotation of, 23,ll-57; and their derivatives, metabolism of, 1, 24,13-65 175-192 sulfates of the simple, 20,183-218
CUMULATIVE SUBJECT INDEX FOR VOLS. 1-24
519
and their derivatives, column chroma- Trehaloses, 18,201-225 Trityl ethers, tography of, 10.55-94 of carbohydrates, 3,79-111 thio, 1,129-144 developments in the chemistry of, 18, Turanose, 2,l-36 Turbidity, 123-199 of sugar products, 9,247-284 unsaturated, 20,67-137;24,199-266 Sulfates, of the simple sugars, 20,183-218 U Sulfonic esters, of carbohydrates, 8, 107-215;23, 233- Unsaturated sugars. See Sugars, un280;24,139-197 saturated. Synthesis, Ureides, glycosyl, 13,215-236 biochemical, of monosaccharides, 11, Urine, human, 185-262 protein-carbohydrate compounds in, of cardenolides, 21,273-321 24,435-452 chemical, of D-glucuronic acid, 8,
231-249
of polysaccharides, 21,431-512 W of dextran, 15,341-369 enzymic, Wood, of glycogen and starch, 17,371-407 hemicelluloses of, 19, 247-302; 20, of sucrose and other disaccharides, 5, 409-483 29-48 polysaccharides associated with cellulose of, 10,283-333 T saccharification of,4,153-188 Tagatose, 7.99-136 Teichoic Acids, 21,323-375 Tetritols, acetals of, 7,137-207 Thiocarbonates, ofcarbohydrates, 15,91-158 Thio sugars. See Sugars, thio. Thompson, Aha, obituary of, 19,l-6 Tracers, isotopic, 3,229-250 Transformation, the Lobry de Bruyn-Alberda van Ekenstein, 13,63-103
X X-Rays, crystal-structure analysis by, 19,
7-22
Xylan, 5,269-290 Z
Zemplbn, Gbza, obituary of, 14.1-8 Zone electrophoresis, of carbohydrates, 12,81-115
219-302
of hexitols, pentitols, and tetritols, 7,
137-207 Acetic acid, trifluoro-, anhydride, applications of, in carbohydrate chemistry, 16,59-84 Acetolysis, 22, 11-23 Aconitic acid, 6,231-249 Action pattern, of starch degrading and synthesizing enzymes, 23,281-366 Adsorbents, granular, for sugar refining, 6, 205-230 Alcohols, higher-carbon sugar, configurations of,
Animals, conjugates of D-glucuronic acid originating in, 9,185-246 Antibiotic substances, chemistry of the amino sugars derived from, 18,259-308 Apiose, 4.57-74 Ascorbic acid, analogs of, 2,79-I06 Aromatic compounds, biosynthesis of, from D-glucose, 15,
235-270
B Bacteria, glycolipides of acid-fast, 16, 207-238 nucleosides and nucleotides of, 15,
201 -234
1,l-36
unsaturated polyhydric, 2,107-1 18 Aldonic acids, acylated nitriles of, 4,119-151 Aldopentoses, methyl ethers of, 7, 1-36; 10, 257-272 Aldoses and aldosides, cyclic acetals of, 20,219-302 Alkaline degradation, of polysaccharides, 13,289-329 Altrose, group of compounds related to, 1.37-76 Amadori rearrangement, 10,169-205 Amino sugars. See Sugars, 2-amino-2deoxy. Amylases, certain alpha, 5,229-268 Analysis, of crystal structure, in carbohydrate chemistry, 19,7-22 Anhydrides, difructose, 2,253-277 ofhexitols, 5, 191-228 of pentitols, 5, 191-228 Anhydro sugars. See Sugars, anhydro.
polysaccharides from, 2, 203-233; 3,
311-336
polysaccharides of Gram-negative, 15,
271-340 Benzimidazoles, 2-(aldo-polyhydroxyaIkyl)-,6, 175-203 Benzyl ethers, of sugars, 12,137-156 Biochemical aspects, of mutarotation of sugars in solution, 24,
13-65
Biochemical reductions, at the expense of sugars, 4,75- 117 Biosynthesis, of aromatic compounds from D-glucose,
15,235-270
of hyaluronic acid, 12,299-319 of the monosaccharides, 11, 185-262 of saccharides, from glycopyranosyl esters of nucleotides, 18, 309-356 Blood groups, polysaccharides of, 4,37-55 Boric acid, for determining configuration of carbohydrates, 4,189-210
509
510
CUMULATIVE SUBJECT INDEX FOR VOLS. 1-24
Bourquelot, Emile, obituary of, 18.1-8 Branched-chain sugars. branched-chain.
See
Sugars,
C Cane juice, composition of 8,291-314 Cane molasses. See Molasses, cane. Carbohydrates, action of hydrogen peroxide on, 19,
149-179
application of reductive desulfurization by Raney nickel, in the field of, 5,
1-28
application of trifluoroacetic anhydride in chemistry of, 16.59-84 application of the 0 x 0 reaction to some derivatives of, 23,59-114 as components of cardiac glycosides, 1,
147-173
carbonates of, 15,91-158 chemistry of, Emil Fischer and his contribution to, 21,l-38 complexes of, with alkali metals and alkaline-earth metals, 21, 209-271 compounds with proteins, in human urine, 24,435-452 constitution of, 15, 11-51 crystal-structure analysis of, 19, 7-22 degradation of, 19,181-218 determination of configuration of, with boric acid, 4,189-210 dicarbonyl, 17,223-299 enzyme specificity in the domain of, 5,
49-78
formazan reaction, in research on, 13,
105-167
Friedel-Crafts and Grignard processes applied to, 6,251-289 gas-liquid chromatography of derivatives of, 19,95-147 halogen oxidation of simple, 3, 129- 184 halogenated, 22, 177-227 infrared spectra of, 12.13-33 infrared spectroscopy of, 19,23-49 mass spectrometry of derivatives of, 21,
39-93
mechanisms of replacement reactions in chemistry of, 9 , l - 5 7
metabolism of, 2, 119-160; 3, 229-250 orthoesters of, 1,77-127 paper electrophoresis of, 18, 61-97 periodate oxidation of, 11.1-41 the “dialdehydes” from, 16, 105-158 phenol derivatives, in higher plants, 20,
371-408
photochemistry of, 18,9-59 physicochemical properties of, 15, 11-
51
radiation chemistry of, 16,13-58 and related compounds, action of hydrogen peroxide on, 19, 149-179 paper chromatography of, 9,303-353 relative reactivities of hydroxyl groups of, €41-44 selective catalytic oxidation of, employing platinum catalysts, 17,16922 1 in the soil, 16,335-355 stereochemistry of cyclic derivatives of,
10,l-53 sulfonic esters of, 8, 107-215; 23, 233-
280; 24,139-197
systems, effects of plant-growth substances on, 21,377-430 thiocarbonates of, 15,91-158 trityl ethers of, 3,79-111 zone electrophoresis of, 12,81-115 Carbonates, ofcarbohydrates, 15,91-158 Carboxymethyl ether, of cellulose, 9,285-302 Cardenolides, synthetic, 21,273-321 Catalysts, effects of, in mutarotation of sugars in solution, 24,13-65 platinum, in selective catalytic oxidation of carbohydrates, 17, 169-221 Cellulose, carboxymethyl-, 9,285-302 esters of, with organic acids, 1,309-327 ethers of, 2,279-294 molecular constitution of, 3, 185-228 of wood, polysaccharides associated with, 10,283-333 Celluloses, relative crystallinity of, 5, 103-126 some reactions of, 19, 219-246 structure of, 19,219-246 Cellulosic materials,
CUMULATIVE SUBJECT INDEX FOR VOLS. 1-24 combustion and pyrolysis of, 23, 419474 Chemistry, of the amino sugars, 14,213-281 of the 2-amino sugars, 7,247-288 of anhydro sugars, 2,37-77 of carbohydrates, applications of trifluoroacetic anhydride in, 16, 5984 Emil Fischer and his contribution to, 21,l-38 crystal-structure analysis in, 19, 7-22 infrared spectroscopy and, 19, 23-49 some implications of theories relating to the mechanisms of replacement reactions in, 9, 1-57 of the cyclitols, 3,45-77 of cyclitols containing four or five hydroxyl groups, 20, 11-65 of the 2-deoxy sugars, 8.45-105 of heparin, 10,335-368 of mucopolysaccharides and mucoproteins, 2, 161-201 of the nucleic acids, 1,193-245 ofosazones, 20,139-181 of osotriazoles, 18,99-121 of pectic materials, 2,235-251 of ribose, 6,135-174 of streptomycin, 3,337-384 of thio sugars, 18,123-199 physical, of carbohydrates, 15, 11-51 of starch, 11,335-385 radiation, of carbohydrates, 16, 13-58 stereo-, of cyclic derivatives of carbohydrates, 10,l-53 structural, of fungal polysaccharides, 23, 367-417 of the hemicelluloses, 14, 429-468 of polysaccharides, 15,53-89 Chitin, 15,371-393 Chromatography, column. See Column chromatography. gas-liquid. See Gas-liquid chromatography. paper. See Paper chromatography. Color, of sugar products, 9,247-284 Column chromatography, of sugars and their derivatives, 10, 55-94
511
Combustion, of cellulosic materials, 23, 419-474 Complexes, of carbohydrates, with alkali metals and alkaline-earth metals, 21, 209-271 cuprammonium-glycoside, 6, 107- 134 Composition, of sugar solutions, 2 3 , l l - 5 7 Configuration, of carbohydrates, determination of, 4, 189-210 of cyclitols, 3,45-77 of higher-carbon sugar alcohols, 1, 1-36 of sucrose, 4 , l - 3 5 Conformation, in formation of polysaccharide gels and networks, 24,267-332 Conjugates, of D-glycuronic acid, 9,185-246 of sugars with sphinogosines, 24, 381433 Constitution, of carbohydrates, 1 5 , l l - 5 1 Crystallinity, relative, of celluloses, 5,103-126 Crystal-structure analysis, in carbohydrate chemistry, 19,7-22 Cuprammonium-glycoside complexes, 6, 107-134 Cyanohydrin synthesis, Fischer, I, 1-36 Cyclic acetals, of the aldoses and aldosides, 20, 219302 Cyclic derivatives, of carbohydrates, stereochemistry of, 10,l-53 Cyclic monosaccharides, having nitrogen or sulfur in the ring, 23,115-232 Cyclitols, 14,135-212 chemistry and configuration of, 3,45-77 containing four or five hydroxyl groups, chemical and physical studies of, 20,ll-65
D Degradation, of acylated nitriles of aldonic acids, 4, 119-151
512
CUMULATIVE SUBJECT INDEX FOR VOLS. 1-24
glycopyranosyl, of nucleotides, 18, ofcarbohydrates, 19,181-218 309-356 enzymic, of glycogen and starch, 3,251310; 17,407-430 beta-ketonic (and related substances), thermal, of starch, 22,483-515 reactions with monosaccharides, 11,97-143 3-Deoxyglycosones. See Glycosuloses, 3nitrate, of starch, 13,331-345 deoxy-. of starch, preparation and properties 3-Deoxyglycosuloses. See Glycosuloses, of, 1,279-307 3-deoxy-. sulfonic, of carbohydrates, 8, 107-215; Deoxy sugars. See Sugars, deoxy. 23,233-280; 24,139-197 Desulfurization, Ethanol, 2-nitro-, reductive, by Raney nickel, 5,l-28 syntheses with, 6,291-318 Dextran, structure and synthesis of, 15,341-369 Ethers, benzyl, of sugars, 12,137-156 Dextrins, carboxymethyl, of cellulose, 9,285-302 the Schardinger, 12,189-260 of cellulose, 2,279-294 Dextrose, methyl, commercial production of crystalline, 5, of the aldopentoses, 7,1-36; 10,257127-143 272 “Dialdehydes,” of 2-amino-2-deoxy sugars, 13, 189from the periodate oxidation of carbo214 hydrates, 16,105-158 of fucose, 7,1-36; 10,257-272 Dicarbonyl derivatives, of D-galactose, 6, 11-25; 10, 273-282 of carbohydrates, 17,223-299 of D-glucose, 5,145-190 Difructose, anhydrides, 2,253-277 of hexuronic acids, 9,131-148 Disaccharides, of D-mannose, 8,217-230 enzymic synthesis of, 5,29-48 of rhamnose, 7,l-36; 10,257-272 trehalose, 18,201-225 trityl, of carbohydrates, 3,79-111
E Electrophoresis, of carbohydrates, paper, 18.61-97 zone, 12,81-115 Enzymes. See also, Amylases, Galactosidases, P-Glucuronidase, acting on pectic substances, 5, 79-102 degradation by, of starch and glycogen, 3,251-310; 17,407-430 specificity of, in the domain of carbohydrates, 5,49-78 starch degrading and synthesizing, 23, 281-366 synthesis by, of glycogen and starch, 17, 371-407 of sucrose and other disaccharides, 5, 29-48 Esters, of cellulose, with organic acids, 1,309327
F
Fat, metabolism of, 2,119-160 Fischer, Emil, and his contribution to carbohydrate chemistry, 21, 1-38 Fischer, Hermann Otto Laurenz, obituary of, 17,l-14 Formazan reaction, in carbohydrate research, 13,105-167 Formulas, stereo-, writing of, in a plane, 3,1-22 Fractionation, of starch, 1,247-277; 16,299-333 Friedel-Crafts process, in the carbohydrate series, 6,251-289 Fructans, 2,253-277 Fructofuranoside, a-D-ghcopyranosyl p-D-,4,l-35 Fructosans, poly-. See Fructans.
CUMULATIVE SUBJECT I N D E X FOR VOLS. 1-24 Fructose, and its derivatives, 7, 53-98; 22, 229305 di-, anhydrides, 2,253-277 Fucose, methyl ethers of, 7,l-36; 10,257-272 Fungal polysaccharides, structural chemistry of, 23,367-417 Furan compounds, formation from hexoses, 6,83-106
G Galactose, methyl ethers of D-, 6, 11-25; 10, 273-282 Galactosidases, 16,239-298 Gas-liquid chromatography, of carbohydrate derivatives, 19, 95-147 Gels, polysaccharide, 24,267-332 Glucose. See also, Dextrose. biosynthesis of aromatic compounds from D-, 15,235-270 methyl ethers of D-, 5,145-190 Glucuronic acid, D-, chemical synthesis of, 8,231-249 conjugates of, of animal origin, 9, 185-246 in metabolism, 8,251-275 P-Glucuronidase, preparation and properties of, 14, 381-428 Glutose, 3,113-128 Glycals, 7,209-245 -, 2-hydroxy-, 9,97- 129 Glycofuranosides, 21,95-142 Glycogens, enzymic degradation of, 3, 251-310; 17,407-430 enzymic synthesis of, 17,371-407 molecular structure of, 12,261-298 Glycolipides, of acid-fast bacteria, 16,207-238 Glycoside-cuprammonium complexes, 6, 107- 134 G1ycosides, acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of, 22, 25- 108 alkali-sensitive, 9,59-95 cardiac, 1,147-173
513
the sugars of, 17,65-120 methyl, of the common sugars, 12, 157-187 of the parsley plant, 4,57-74 phenyl, of the common sugars, 12, 157-187 C-Glycosides. See C-Clycosyl compounds. Glycosiduronic acids, of animals, 9,185-246 poly-, ofplants, 1,329-344 Clycosphingolipids, 24,381-433 Glycosones, 3-deoxy-. See Glycosuloses, 3-deoxy-. Glycosuloses, 3-deoxy-, and the degradation of carbohydrates, 19, 181218 Glycosylamines, 10,95-168 Glycosyl azides, 16,85-103 C-Glycosyl compounds, naturally occurring, 18, 227-258; 20,357-369 Glycosyl fluorides, 16,85- 103 Glycos yl halides, and their derivatives, 10,207-256 Goepp, Rudolph Maximilian, Jr., obituary of, 3, xv-xxiii Grignard process, in the carbohydrate series, 6,251-283 Gums (see also, Hydrocolloids), 24, 333379 commercial, 13,265-287 of plants, 4,243-291
H Halogen oxidation. See Oxidation, halogen. Halogenated carbohydrates, 22,177-227 Haworth, Walter Norman, obituary of, 6 , l - 9 Hemicelluloses, structural chemistry of, 14,429-468 of wood, 19,247-302; 20,409-483 Heparin, chemistry of, 10,335-368 Heuser, Emil, obituary of, 15, 1-9 Hexitols, acetals of. 7,137-207 anhydrides of, 5,191-228
514
CUMULATIVE SUBJECT INDEX FOR VOLS. 1-24
and some of their derivatives, 4, 21124 1 synthesis of, 2,107-1 14 Hexofuranoses, 1,6-anhydro-, 7,37-52 Hexosans, 7.37-52 Hexoses. See also, Hexofuranoses. formation of furan compounds from, 6, 83-106 Hexuronic acids, methyl ethers of, 9,131-148 Hibbert, Harold, obituaryof, 16,l-11 History, of mutarotation, 23.11-57 Hudson. Claude Silbert. obituary of, 9, xiii-xviii Hyaluronic acid, biosynthesis of, 12,299-319 H ydrazones, of sugars, 3 , s - 4 4 Hydrocolloids, commercial, pol ysaccharidic, 13, 265287 Hydrogen peroxide, action on carbohydrates and related compounds, 19,149-179 Hydrolysis, acid-catalyzed, ofglycosides, 22,25- 108 Hydroxyl groups, relative reactivities of, 8, 1-44 I
Infrared spectra, of carbohydrates, 12,13-33 Infrared spectroscopy, and carbohydrate chemistry, 19,23-49 Irvine, James Colquhoun, obituary of, 8, xi-xvii Isotopes, effects of, in mutarotation of sugars in solution, '24,13-65 Isotopic tracers. See Tracers, isotopic.
K Ketals. See Acetals. Kinetics, basic, ofmutarotation, 23,ll-57
Kojicacid, 11,145-183 Kuhn, Richard, obituary of, 24.1-12 L Lactose, 16,159-206 Lead tetraacetate, action of, on the sugars, 14,9-61 Levene, Phoebus Aaron Theodor, obituary of, 12,l-12 Lipids, glycosphingo-. See Glycosphingolipids. Lobry de Bruyn-Alberda van Ekenstein transformation, 13,63-103
M Maillard reaction, 14.63-134 Mannose, methyl ethers of D-, 8,217-230 Mass spectrometry, of carbohydrate derivatives, 21,39-93 Materials, cellulosic, combustion and pyrolysis of, 23,419-474 Mechanism, in the formation of polysaccharide gels and networks, 24,267-332 of replacement reactions in carbohydrate chemistry, 9,1-57 Melezitose, 2, 1-36 structure of, 8,277-290 Metabolism, of carbohydrates, 2,119-160 use of isotopic tracers in studying, 3, 229-250 of fat, 2,119-160 of the sugar alcohols and their derivatives, 1, 175-192 D-glucuronic acid in, 8,251-275 Methane, nitro-, syntheses with, 6,291-318 Methods, in structural polysaccharide chemistry, 15,53-89 Methyl ethers. See Ethers, methyl. Meyer, Kurt Heinrich, obituary of, 11, xiii-xviii
CUMULATIVE SUBJECT INDEX FOR VOLS. 1-24 Molasses, cane, 3,113- 128 cane final, composition of, 8,291-314 Molecular structure, of glycogens, 12,261-298 Mononucleotides, 22,307-419 Monosaccharides, biosynthesis of, 11,185-262 cyclic, having nitrogen or sulfur in the ring, 23,115-232 reactions of, with beta-ketonic esters and related substances, 11, 97-143 Mucilages (see also, Hydrocolloids), 24, 333-379 commercial, 13,265-287 of plants, 4,243-291 Mucopolysaccharides. See Polysaccharides, muco-. Mucoproteins. See Proteins, muco-. Mutarotation, of sugars in solution: Part I. History, basic kinetics, and composition of sugar solutions, 23, 11-57 Part 11. Catalytic processes, isotope effects, reaction mechanisms, and biochemical aspects, 24,13-65 Mycobacterium tuberculosis, polysaccharides of, 3,311-336
N Neighboring-group participation, in sugars, 22,109-175 Networks, polysaccharide, 24, 267-332 Neuberg, Carl, obituary of, 13,l-7 Neuraminic acids, and related compounds, 13,237-263 Nickel, Raney. See Raney nickel. Nitrates, of starch, 13,331-345 of sugars, 12,117-135 Nitriles, acylated, of aldonic acids, 4,119-151 Nitro sugars. See Sugars, nitro. Nonulosaminic acids, 13, 237-263 Nuclear magnetic resonance, 19,51-93 Nucleic acids, 1,193-245; 11,285-333
515
Nucleosides, bacterial, 15,201-234 purine, 17,301-369 pyrimidine, 14,283-380 Nucleotides, bacterial, 15,201-234 glycopyranosyl esters of, 18,309-356 mono-, 22,307-419 0 Obituary, of Emile Bourquelot, 18,l-8 of Emil Fischer, 21,l-38 of Hermann Otto Laurenz Fischer, 17, 1-14 of Rudolph Maximilian Goepp, Jr., 3, xv-xxiii of Walter Norman Haworth, 6 , l - 9 of Emil Heuser, 15,l-9 of Harold Hibbert, 16,l-11 of Claude Silbert Hudson, 9, xiii-xviii of James Colquhoun Irvine, 8, xi-xvii of Richard Kuhn, 24,l-12 of Phoebus Aaron Theodor Levene, 12, 1-12 of Kurt Heinrich Meyer, 11, xiii-xviii of Carl Neuberg, 13,l-7 of Edmund George Vincent Percival, 10, xiii-xx of Clifford Burrough Purves, 23,l-10 of Fred Smith, 22,l-10 of John Clinton Sowden, 20,l-10 of A h a Thompson, 19,l-6 of G6za ZemplBn, 14,l-8 Oligosaccharides, 17,121-167 the raffinose family of, 9, 149-184 synthesis of, 6,27-81 Orthoesters, of carbohydrates, 1,77-127 Osazones, chemistry of, 20,139-181 of sugars, 3,23-44 Osones, 11,43-96 Osotriazoles, chemistry of, 18.99-121 Oxidation, halogen, of simple carbohydrates, 3, 129-148 lead tetraacetate, of sugars, 14,9-61
516
CUMULATIVE SUBJECT INDEX FOR VOLS. 1-24
periodate, of carbohydrates, 11,l-41 the “dialdehvdes” from.. 16.. 105-158 selective catalytic, of carbohydrates, employing platinum catalysts, 17, 169-221 0 x 0 reaction, application to some carbohydrate derivatives, 23,59- 114 Oxygen ring, formation and cleavage of, in sugars, 13, 9-61
effect on carbohydrate systems, 21, 377-430 Plants, glycosides of parsley, 4,57-74 gums of, 4,243-291 mucilages of, 4,243-291 polyuronides of, 1,329-344 Platinum. See Catalysts. Pneumococcal polysaccharides, 19, 303357 Polyfructosans. See Fructans. Polyglycosiduronic acids. See GlycosiP duronic acids, poly-. Polysaccharides. See also, Carbohydrates, Paper chromatography, Cellulose, Dextran, Dextrins, of carbohydrates and related comFructans, Glycogen, Glycosiduropounds, 9,303-353 nic acids (poly-),Pectin materials, Paper electrophoresis, Starch, and Xylan. of carbohydrates, 18,61-97 alkaline degradation of, 13,289-329 Parsley, associated with wood cellulose, 10, glycosides of the plant, 4,57-74 283-333 Participation, bacterial, 2, 203-233; 15, 271-340 neighboring-group, in sugars, 22, 109blood group, 4,37-55 175 chemical synthesis of, 21,431-512 Pectic materials, fungal, structural chemistry of, 23, chemistry of, 2,235-251 367-417 enzymes acting on, 5,79- 102 gels and networks, role of structure, Pentitols, conformation, and mechanism, 24, acetals of, 7,137-207 267-332 anhydrides of, 5,191-228 hydrocolloidal, 13,265-287 synthesis of, 2,107-118 methods in structural chemistry of, 15, Percival, Edmund George Vincent, 53-89 obituary of, 10, xiii-xx muco-, chemistry of, 2,161-201 of Gram-negative bacteria, 15, 271-340 Periodate oxidation. See Oxidation, periodate. of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 3,311Phenol-carbohydrate derivatives, 336 in higher plants, 20,371-408 of seaweeds, 8,315-350 Photochemistry, physical properties of solutions of, 18, of carbohydrates, 18,9-59 357-398 Physical chemistry, pneumococcal, 19,303-357 of carbohydrates, 15,ll-51 shape and size of molecules of, 7, 289of starch, 11,335-385 332; 11,385-393 Physical properties, x-ray structure of, 22,421-482 of solutions of polysaccharides, 18, Polyuronides, 357-398 of plants, 1,329-344 Physical studies, Preparation, of cyclitols containing four or five hyof esters of starch, 1,279-307 droxyl of P-glucuronidase, 14,381-428 . groum - 20.11-65 Plant-growth substances, Properties,
CUMULATIVE SUBJECT INDEX FOR VOLS. 1-21
of 2-amino-2-deoxy sugars and their derivatives, 15, 159-200 of esters of starch, 1,279-307 of P-glucuronidase, 14,381-428 physical, of solutions of polysaccharides, 18, 357-398 physicochemical, of carbohydrates, 15, 11-51 Proteins, compounds with carbohydrates, in human urine, 24,435-452 muco-, chemistry of, 2,161-201 Psicose, 7.99-136 Purines, nucleosides of, 17,301-369 Purves, Clifford Burrough, obituary of, 23,l-10 Pyrimidines, nucleosides of, 14,283-380 Pyrolysis, of cellulosic materials, 23, 419-474 R Radiation, chemistry of carbohydrates, 16,13-58 Raffinose, family of oligosaccharides, 9, 149-184 Raney nickel, reductive desulfurization by, 5,l-28 Reaction, the formazan, in carbohydrate research, 13,105-167 the Maillard, 14,63-134 the 0x0, application to some carbohydrate derivatives, 23,59- 114 Reactions, mechanisms of, in mutarotation of sugars in solution, 24,13-65 of amino sugars with beta-dicarbonyl compounds, 20,303-355 of cellulose, 19,219-246 of monosaccharides with beta-ketonic esters and related substances, 11, 97- 143 Reactivities, relative, of hydroxyl groups of carbohydrates, 8, 1-44
517
Rearrangement, the Amadori, 10,169-205 Reductions, biochemical, at the expense of sugars, 4,75-117 Replacement reactions, mechanisms of, in carbohydrate chemistry, 9, 1-57 Rhamnose, methyl ethers of, 7,l-36; 10,257-272 Ribose, chemistry of, 6,135-174
S Saccharides, biosynthesis of, from glycopyranosyl esters of nucleotides, 18,309-356 Saccharification, of wood, 4,153-188 Saccharinic acids, 12,35-79 four-carbon, 13,169- 188 Schardinger dextrins, 12,189-260 Seaweeds, polysaccharides of, 8,315-350 Seleno sugars. See Sugars, seleno. Shape, of some polysaccharide molecules, 7, 289-332; 11,385-393 Sialic acids, 13,237-263 Size, of some polysaccharide molecules, 7, 289-332; 11,385-393 Smith, Fred, obituary of, 22,1-10 Soil, carbohydrates in, 16,335-355 Solutions, of polysaccharides, physical properties of, 18,357-398 of sugars, mutarotation of, 23, 11-57; 24,13-65 Sorbose, 7,99-136 Sowden, John Clinton, obituary of, 20,1-10 Specificity, of enzymes, in the domain of carbohydrates, 5,49-78
518
CUMULATIVE SUBJECT INDEX FOR VOLS. 1-24
Spectra, infrared, “Sugar nucleotides.” See Nucleotides, of carbohydrates, 12,13-33 glycopyranosyl esters of. Spectrometry, mass, Sugar products, of carbohydrate derivatives, 21,39-93 color and turbidity of, 9,247-284 Spectroscopy, infrared, Sugar refining, and carbohydrate chemistry, 19,23-49 granular adsorbents for, 6,205-230 Sphingosines, conjugates with sugars, 24, sugars, 381-433 action of lead tetraacetate on, 14,9-61 Starch, amino, degrading and synthesizing enzymes, aspects of the chemistry of, 14, 21323,281-366 28 1 enzymic degradation of, 3, 251-310; derived from antibiotic substances, 17,407-430 18,259-308 enzymic synthesis of, 17,371-407 methyl ethers of, 13,189-214 fractionation of, 1, 247-277; 16, 299properties of, 15,159-200 333 reactions with beta-dicarbonyl comnitrates of, 13,331-345 pounds, 20,303-355 physical chemistry of, 11,335-385 2-amino. See Sugars, 2-amino-2-deoxy. preparation and properties of esters of, 2-amin0-2-deoxy. 7,247-288 1,279-307 anhydro, thermal degradation of, 22,483-515 chemistry of, 2,37-77 Stereochemistry, benzyl ethers of, 12,137-156 of cyclic derivatives of carbohydrates, biochemical reductions at the expense 10,l-53 of, 4,75-117 formulas, writing of, in a plane, 3,1-22 branched-chain, of natural occurrence, Streptomycin, 11,263-283 chemistry of, 3,337-384 of the cardiac glycosides, 17,65-120 Structural chemistry, conjugates, with sphingosines, 24,381of fungal polysaccharides, 23, 367-417 433 of the hemicelluloses, 14,429-468 deoxy, 21,143-207 Structure, molecular, 2-deoxy, 8,45-105 of cellulose, 19,219-246 higher-carbon, 17,15-63 of dextran, 15,341-369 configurations of, 1.1-36 of glycogens, 12,261-298 hydrazones of, 3,23-44 of polysaccharide gels and networks, methyl glycosides of the common, 12, 24,267-332 157-187 of sucrose, 4, 1-35 neighboring-group participation in, 22, x-ray, of polysaccharides, 22,421-482 109-175 Sucrose. See also, Sugar. nitrates of, 12,117-135 enzymic synthesis of, 5,29-48 nitro, 24,67-138 structure and configuration of, 4,1-35 osazones of, 3,23-44 utilizaton of, 4,293-336 oxygen ring in, formation and cleavage of, 13,9-61 sugar, aconitic acid as by-product in manuphenyl glycosides of the common, 12, facture of, 6,231-249 157-187 Sugar alcohols, related to altrose, 1,37-76 higher carbon, configurations of, 1, seleno, 1,144-145 1-36 solutions of, mutarotation of, 23,ll-57; and their derivatives, metabolism of, 1, 24,13-65 175-192 sulfates of the simple, 20,183-218
CUMULATIVE SUBJECT INDEX FOR VOLS. 1-24
519
and their derivatives, column chroma- Trehaloses, 18,201-225 Trityl ethers, tography of, 10.55-94 of carbohydrates, 3,79-111 thio, 1,129-144 developments in the chemistry of, 18, Turanose, 2,l-36 Turbidity, 123-199 of sugar products, 9,247-284 unsaturated, 20,67-137;24,199-266 Sulfates, of the simple sugars, 20,183-218 U Sulfonic esters, of carbohydrates, 8, 107-215;23, 233- Unsaturated sugars. See Sugars, un280;24,139-197 saturated. Synthesis, Ureides, glycosyl, 13,215-236 biochemical, of monosaccharides, 11, Urine, human, 185-262 protein-carbohydrate compounds in, of cardenolides, 21,273-321 24,435-452 chemical, of D-glucuronic acid, 8,
231-249
of polysaccharides, 21,431-512 W of dextran, 15,341-369 enzymic, Wood, of glycogen and starch, 17,371-407 hemicelluloses of, 19, 247-302; 20, of sucrose and other disaccharides, 5, 409-483 29-48 polysaccharides associated with cellulose of, 10,283-333 T saccharification of,4,153-188 Tagatose, 7.99-136 Teichoic Acids, 21,323-375 Tetritols, acetals of, 7,137-207 Thiocarbonates, ofcarbohydrates, 15,91-158 Thio sugars. See Sugars, thio. Thompson, Aha, obituary of, 19,l-6 Tracers, isotopic, 3,229-250 Transformation, the Lobry de Bruyn-Alberda van Ekenstein, 13,63-103
X X-Rays, crystal-structure analysis by, 19,
7-22
Xylan, 5,269-290 Z
Zemplbn, Gbza, obituary of, 14.1-8 Zone electrophoresis, of carbohydrates, 12,81-115