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Effect of cold water immersion on recovery and limb blood flow following high-intensity cycling
Abstracts / Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 12S (2009) S1–S83
S23
58
59
Effect of cold water immersion on recovery and limb blood flow following high-intensity cycling
Evaluation of contrast baths and ice baths for recovery in U/20 rugby union
J. Vaile 2 , B. Stefanovic 1 , C. O’Hagan 2 , M. Walker 1 , N. Gill 3 , C. Askew 1,∗
T. Higgins 1,∗ , T. Heazlewood 2
1 University
of the Sunshine Coast, Australia 2 Australian Institute of Sport, Australia 3 Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand
Introduction: We recently demonstrated that cold water immersion (CWI) facilitates improved performance recovery following high-intensity cycling compared with hot water immersion and passive recovery. The present study aimed to compare the effect of CWI with active recovery (ACT) on cycling performance. Furthermore, we aimed to investigate the effects of these recovery interventions on resting arm and leg blood flow. Methods: Ten endurance trained male cyclists volunteered to participate (age: 33.4 ± 5.13 years; VO2 peak 66.7 ± 6.1 ml/(kg min)). Subjects underwent two testing sessions (CWI and ACT), which were separated by 7 days, in a random order. At each session subjects initially performed a 30 min bout of high-intensity cycling that included 15 min of steady state cycling followed by a 15 min maximal time-trial. They then completed one of the two recovery interventions: CWI: 15 min full body immersion (excluding head and neck) in cold water (15 ◦ C); ACT: 15 min cycling at 40% peak power. Forty minutes following recovery, subjects repeated the 30 min bout of high-intensity cycling, including the 15 min time-trial. Resting limb blood flow was measured at baseline, following the cycling time-trial and again following the recovery intervention using strain gauge plethysmography. Results/conclusions: Total work during the time trial fell from 493 ± 59 kJ to 484 ± 59 kJ when subjects performed the ACT recovery, whereas time-trial performance was maintained (490 ± 58 to 490 ± 60 kJ) with CWI recovery. Resting blood flow to the arms and legs was elevated immediately after the initial bout of high-intensity cycling; it then decreased to a greater extent following CWI (leg: 72%, arm: 91%) compared with ACT (leg: 40%, arm: 33%). Core temperature was lower following CWI than ACT. These data suggest that the positive influence of CWI as a recovery intervention is associated with a reduction in body temperature and altered limb blood flow. doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2008.12.059
1 Australian 2 Eastwood
Catholic University, Australia District Rugby Union Football Club, Australia
Introduction: Players in team sports must recover from competition and training in a relatively short period of time in order to perform at optimal levels in either training or games. To enhance recovery Cryotherapy is widely used. To date there is limited scientific data to support the use of Cryotherapy for recovery. Methods: Players (n = 25) from a U/20 competition volunteered to participate in a random control trial using contrast baths, ice baths and no recovery. Between group and with-in group analysis with repeated measures were used to identify significant differences in three field tests. Multistage shuttle test, 300 m test and a phosphate decrement test were performed several times across four weeks during training. Results: Repeated measures analysis identified a significant difference between base tests, retests and last tests multistage shuttle test (p < 0.001) and the phosphate decrement test (p < 0.05). However no treatment interaction was identified. No significant difference was identified in 300 m test and retests; a lack of data was available from retests. Discussion: Results from this study may indicate that during pre-season training, the physical work undertaken may be more important than the recovery protocol for improvements in fitness parameters tested in this study. However, consideration should take into account the number of days between sessions. With no games at this stage of the season, participants had up to 4 days off, allowing for ample recovery. The relative small sample size in groups and level of missing data is another factor impacting on results. Future research should be directed towards larger sample sizes and during periods of cyclic activity which include games and training to evaluate benefits of cryotherapy in recovery from team sport. doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2008.12.060
S23
58
59
Effect of cold water immersion on recovery and limb blood flow following high-intensity cycling
Evaluation of contrast baths and ice baths for recovery in U/20 rugby union
J. Vaile 2 , B. Stefanovic 1 , C. O’Hagan 2 , M. Walker 1 , N. Gill 3 , C. Askew 1,∗
T. Higgins 1,∗ , T. Heazlewood 2
1 University
of the Sunshine Coast, Australia 2 Australian Institute of Sport, Australia 3 Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand
Introduction: We recently demonstrated that cold water immersion (CWI) facilitates improved performance recovery following high-intensity cycling compared with hot water immersion and passive recovery. The present study aimed to compare the effect of CWI with active recovery (ACT) on cycling performance. Furthermore, we aimed to investigate the effects of these recovery interventions on resting arm and leg blood flow. Methods: Ten endurance trained male cyclists volunteered to participate (age: 33.4 ± 5.13 years; VO2 peak 66.7 ± 6.1 ml/(kg min)). Subjects underwent two testing sessions (CWI and ACT), which were separated by 7 days, in a random order. At each session subjects initially performed a 30 min bout of high-intensity cycling that included 15 min of steady state cycling followed by a 15 min maximal time-trial. They then completed one of the two recovery interventions: CWI: 15 min full body immersion (excluding head and neck) in cold water (15 ◦ C); ACT: 15 min cycling at 40% peak power. Forty minutes following recovery, subjects repeated the 30 min bout of high-intensity cycling, including the 15 min time-trial. Resting limb blood flow was measured at baseline, following the cycling time-trial and again following the recovery intervention using strain gauge plethysmography. Results/conclusions: Total work during the time trial fell from 493 ± 59 kJ to 484 ± 59 kJ when subjects performed the ACT recovery, whereas time-trial performance was maintained (490 ± 58 to 490 ± 60 kJ) with CWI recovery. Resting blood flow to the arms and legs was elevated immediately after the initial bout of high-intensity cycling; it then decreased to a greater extent following CWI (leg: 72%, arm: 91%) compared with ACT (leg: 40%, arm: 33%). Core temperature was lower following CWI than ACT. These data suggest that the positive influence of CWI as a recovery intervention is associated with a reduction in body temperature and altered limb blood flow. doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2008.12.059
1 Australian 2 Eastwood
Catholic University, Australia District Rugby Union Football Club, Australia
Introduction: Players in team sports must recover from competition and training in a relatively short period of time in order to perform at optimal levels in either training or games. To enhance recovery Cryotherapy is widely used. To date there is limited scientific data to support the use of Cryotherapy for recovery. Methods: Players (n = 25) from a U/20 competition volunteered to participate in a random control trial using contrast baths, ice baths and no recovery. Between group and with-in group analysis with repeated measures were used to identify significant differences in three field tests. Multistage shuttle test, 300 m test and a phosphate decrement test were performed several times across four weeks during training. Results: Repeated measures analysis identified a significant difference between base tests, retests and last tests multistage shuttle test (p < 0.001) and the phosphate decrement test (p < 0.05). However no treatment interaction was identified. No significant difference was identified in 300 m test and retests; a lack of data was available from retests. Discussion: Results from this study may indicate that during pre-season training, the physical work undertaken may be more important than the recovery protocol for improvements in fitness parameters tested in this study. However, consideration should take into account the number of days between sessions. With no games at this stage of the season, participants had up to 4 days off, allowing for ample recovery. The relative small sample size in groups and level of missing data is another factor impacting on results. Future research should be directed towards larger sample sizes and during periods of cyclic activity which include games and training to evaluate benefits of cryotherapy in recovery from team sport. doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2008.12.060