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Federation Dentaire Internaionale (F.D.I.)
M iscellany ress m ade by the A m ericas, and proves th eir position to be strong in the branches of m edi cal science represented, and th eir desire to better the conditions of life econom ically, physically, ethically a n d spiritually. T h e section on odontology had b rillian t ses sions and elicited g re a t interest and applause. D em onstrations w ere m ade in m any cases, and the attendance w a s num erous (about 500 people at each session) and enthusiastic. D ayton D u n b a r C am pbell of K a n sa s City, Mo., U. S. A., d eliv ered a discourse on full dentures, exp lain in g each step of the technic. A lejan d ro O sim ani of M ontevideo presented a film tre a tin g of the pathology and technic of the trea tm e n t fo r p y o rrh ea alveolaris. T h e film, w hich w as m ade only 30 cm. from the mouth, show ed the m inutest details. It w as received w ith w a rm applause and repeated by request. FEDERATION DENTAIRE IN T E R N A TIO N A LE (F.D.I.) H y g i e n e C o m m i s s i o n ( H . C . F .D .I.) T h e purpose of the follow ing is an ex p la n a tion of the aim and m ethod of o peration of the H .C .F .D .I. for the dental profession. T h e H ygiene Com m ission p a rtic u la rly cov ers of the field of study of (1) m outh hygiene conditions in the v a rio u s countries; (2) the influence of m outh and tooth diseases on health conditions a t larg e, and (3) the m eans of im proving m outh hygiene conditions by (a) the introduction of a n d p ro p a g an d a re g a rd ing dental care, before, d u rin g and a fte r com pulsory school age, fo r the purpose of im p ro v ing m outh conditions, ( b ) prom oting dental care and m outh hygiene am ong the masses (a d u lts) w ho because of th e ir social economic position a re d ep riv ed of this benefit, and (c) in q u irin g into m eans of p rev en tin g diseases of the teeth and mouth. T h e H ygiene Com m ission th ere fo re a p proaches the n a tio n a l comm ittees affiliated w ith the F .D .I. fo r the purpose of collecting and g e ttin g acquainted w ith the most recent results of m outh hygiene m easures and dental care, as w ell as of p reventive w ork in any country. T h e H ygiene Com mission prom pts inquiries in m any countries and is able, by v irtu e of the reports received, to sp re ad inform ation in the dom ain of m outh hygiene and dental care. T h is in form ation b ears not only on in sta lla tion, but also on the m ost economic application
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of the dental provisions fo r school c hildren and adults (e.g., estim ates of cost). F urtherm ore, m ention is m ade of the fact th a t d u rin g the an n u al session a t U trecht, it w as resolved th a t the comm ission should collect and w idely sp read all m eans of en lig h ten in g the nations about m outh hygiene and dental care, to b rin g about the a p p re c ia tion of effective dental care as a necessity by ad vancem ent and o rg a n iz atio n of y e arly ex hibitions. In this w ay, the H ygiene Com mission p ro m otes m outh hygiene p ro p a g an d a in all coun tries, organizes m outh hygiene exhibitions on as m any occasions as possible d u rin g an n u al sessions of the F.D .I. in countries w here the la tte r a re being held, fo r instruction o f the people, and fu rth e r endeavors by every pos sible m eans to h ave these exhibitions held in the countries affiliated w ith the F.D .I. T h e comm ission also is e n d ea v o rin g to establish a perm anent collection and one as com plete as possible. T h e H ygiene Com m ission considers it its duty to in q u ire into the causes of disease and the m eans fo r prev en tin g or com bating it. T h e y h a v e the follow ing th ree subcom m is sions: (1) the subcom mission fo r dental c are of c h ild ren : (a) infants, ( b ) school children, and (c) children above school ag e; (2) the subcom m ission on public dental care (a d u lts ), and (3) the subcom mission fo r mouth hygiene investigations and an in te rn atio n al m outh h y giene institute. T hese subcom missions a re engaged on presen t-d ay problem s of m outh hygiene. T h e in te rn atio n al institute of m outh hygiene is affiliated w ith this commission. T h e efforts of the H .C .F .D .I. h ave not been unsuccessful. A lready, un d er P rofessor Jessen’s leadership, the comm ission is a ro u sin g interest in dental care in m any countries. P a r ticularly, dental care has been introduced on a la rg e scale by constant p ro p a g a n d a in n u m erous countries. T h e H .C .F.D .I., since 1925, has entered into relations w ith the H ygiene Com m ittee of the L eague of N ations, through the in te rm ed iary of th e ir h o n o ra ry president, N. M. Josephus Jitta , d elegate of the H ygiene Com m ittee of the L eague of N ations, a relation w hich has been continued by a delegation of the R ed C ross Cqmmission, w ith the result th a t the H ygiene Com m ittee of the L eague of N ations d u rin g th e ir session, M arch 5-8, adopted the follow ing resolution:
382
T h e Journal of the American D ental Association
“T h e H ealth Com m ittee, re aliz in g the im portance of m a in tain in g efforts a g ain st dental disease as vigorously as a g ain st o th er disease, expresses its desire to be kept inform ed of the w ork of the In te rn a tio n a l D ental F ed eratio n .” T h e E xecutive Council in the F .D .I.’s ses sion a t B russels in 1930 c h arg e d the p re si dents of the Com m ission on E x te rn al R e la tions (late R ed Cross C om m ission) and of the H .C .F .D .I. together, to m a in ta in relations. W e a re confident that, in this w ay, g o v e rn m ents of countries affiliated w ith the L eague of N ations can consider the aim s of the H .C .F .D .I. m ore th a n they h a v e up to the present tim e (June, 1930).
the F.D .I., 1930, p age 170: “T h e Red Cross, Its R elations w ith O ra l H ygiene.” W e hope th a t the help of sev eral colleagues, in all the different nations, w ill perm it the comm ission in connection w ith the Red Cross to accom plish its task. A t the session in B russels in 1930, the E x ecutive Council decided to place in charge of th a t com m ission the relations w ith the Red Cross and all o th er in te rn atio n al o rg a n iz a tions : the H ygiene Section of the L eague of N ations, the In te rn a tio n a l L abor Office, and the C on fed eratio n of the In tellectual W orkers. Im p o rta n t decisions h a v e a lre a d y been ob tained. R
C o m m is s io n o f t h e R ed C ross
T h e commission w hich took c h arg e of re la tions w ith the R ed C ross w a s o rg a n iz ed im m ediately a fte r the w a r. T h is comm ission is the connecting link betw een the in te rn atio n al organ izatio n s and one o f the m ost im p o rtan t comm issions of the F .D .I., the H ygiene Com mission. A t Copenhagen, in 1927, the question arose as to w h eth er the com m ission in connection w ith the R ed Cross should be united w ith the H ygiene Commission, it being decided th a t the tw o commissions should w ork separately, w hich they h ave done, b u t w ith excellent col laboration. T h e rep resen tativ es o f the F .D .I. quickly obtained tangible results. T o quote but one: T h e H ygiene C om m ittee of the L eague of N ations has decided to sustain m orally the aim pursued by the F .D .I. T h e H ygiene Com m ittee has decreed th a t “ o ra l sepsis” shall be com bated as en ergetically as other illnesses, and ask th a t all the w ork of the F.D .I. be com m unicated to the com m ittee. T h e kindness w ith w hich o u r comm ission w as m et by D r. H um bert in P a ris, d irecto r of the L eague of the Red Crosses, allow s us to hope th a t the N a tio n a l C om m ittee of the Red Cross w ill alw ays be m ore and m ore in te r ested in hygiene a n d o ra l prophylaxis. T h e Polish R ed Cross, w hich h a s created five den tal offices, ought to be an exam ple to the other natio n al org an izatio n s of the R ed Cross. W e could say m uch m ore on the necessity of g iv in g g re a te r im petus to the action of the comm ission in connection w ith the R ed Cross and the in te rn atio n al o rganizations. T h e re a d e r whom the topic in terests can consult the w ork published in th e A nnual R eport of
ené
J accard,
G eneva. CORRESPONDENCE E a r l y vs. M o d e r n D e n t u r e s To the E ditor: B elieving th a t it m ight be in terestin g to some of o u r young and m odern dentists to d ra w from the dust-covered d is c ard of the old tim e equipm ent and m ethods, for com parison w ith the new and up-to-date, I have plucked from the w aste basket of ex perience a few specim ens w hich I shall be pleased to donate to the archives of our p ro fession. In A ugust, 1885, ju st a fte r receiving a d i plom a from the U n iv ersity of M ichigan, I opened an office fo r practice at M enom onie, W is. One of my first operations w as to m ake a full u p p e r and low er denture. T h e H. D. Ju sti gum section teeth and S. S. W hite bow sp rin g ru b b er w ere used. A fte r seventeen y e a rs’ w ear, the low ers becam e too short from absorption of the rid g e and I rebased them to restore length and contour. N othing m ore has been done on eith er plate. L ast sp rin g (1930) I m ade the w e a re r a new set of den tu res in o rd e r to possess the old set fo r history. T h e y h ave given constant service for forty-five years. I shall be pleased to h e a r from any m em ber of our profession w ho can show a product of dental service w hich has e ndured fo r so m any years. T h e old-tim e d entist w ith little and crude appliances built gold fillings, crow ns and bridges w hich a re g iv in g service to the w e a re r a fte r fo rty o r fifty years. T h e result of study and scientific inq u iry into thè m ys teries of n a tu re a re m arvelous, lead in g us to w onder, w h a t next? Service to patients should be one’s constant am bition, and should lead one to contem plate
381
of the dental provisions fo r school c hildren and adults (e.g., estim ates of cost). F urtherm ore, m ention is m ade of the fact th a t d u rin g the an n u al session a t U trecht, it w as resolved th a t the comm ission should collect and w idely sp read all m eans of en lig h ten in g the nations about m outh hygiene and dental care, to b rin g about the a p p re c ia tion of effective dental care as a necessity by ad vancem ent and o rg a n iz atio n of y e arly ex hibitions. In this w ay, the H ygiene Com mission p ro m otes m outh hygiene p ro p a g an d a in all coun tries, organizes m outh hygiene exhibitions on as m any occasions as possible d u rin g an n u al sessions of the F.D .I. in countries w here the la tte r a re being held, fo r instruction o f the people, and fu rth e r endeavors by every pos sible m eans to h ave these exhibitions held in the countries affiliated w ith the F.D .I. T h e comm ission also is e n d ea v o rin g to establish a perm anent collection and one as com plete as possible. T h e H ygiene Com m ission considers it its duty to in q u ire into the causes of disease and the m eans fo r prev en tin g or com bating it. T h e y h a v e the follow ing th ree subcom m is sions: (1) the subcom mission fo r dental c are of c h ild ren : (a) infants, ( b ) school children, and (c) children above school ag e; (2) the subcom m ission on public dental care (a d u lts ), and (3) the subcom mission fo r mouth hygiene investigations and an in te rn atio n al m outh h y giene institute. T hese subcom missions a re engaged on presen t-d ay problem s of m outh hygiene. T h e in te rn atio n al institute of m outh hygiene is affiliated w ith this commission. T h e efforts of the H .C .F .D .I. h ave not been unsuccessful. A lready, un d er P rofessor Jessen’s leadership, the comm ission is a ro u sin g interest in dental care in m any countries. P a r ticularly, dental care has been introduced on a la rg e scale by constant p ro p a g a n d a in n u m erous countries. T h e H .C .F.D .I., since 1925, has entered into relations w ith the H ygiene Com m ittee of the L eague of N ations, through the in te rm ed iary of th e ir h o n o ra ry president, N. M. Josephus Jitta , d elegate of the H ygiene Com m ittee of the L eague of N ations, a relation w hich has been continued by a delegation of the R ed C ross Cqmmission, w ith the result th a t the H ygiene Com m ittee of the L eague of N ations d u rin g th e ir session, M arch 5-8, adopted the follow ing resolution:
382
T h e Journal of the American D ental Association
“T h e H ealth Com m ittee, re aliz in g the im portance of m a in tain in g efforts a g ain st dental disease as vigorously as a g ain st o th er disease, expresses its desire to be kept inform ed of the w ork of the In te rn a tio n a l D ental F ed eratio n .” T h e E xecutive Council in the F .D .I.’s ses sion a t B russels in 1930 c h arg e d the p re si dents of the Com m ission on E x te rn al R e la tions (late R ed Cross C om m ission) and of the H .C .F .D .I. together, to m a in ta in relations. W e a re confident that, in this w ay, g o v e rn m ents of countries affiliated w ith the L eague of N ations can consider the aim s of the H .C .F .D .I. m ore th a n they h a v e up to the present tim e (June, 1930).
the F.D .I., 1930, p age 170: “T h e Red Cross, Its R elations w ith O ra l H ygiene.” W e hope th a t the help of sev eral colleagues, in all the different nations, w ill perm it the comm ission in connection w ith the Red Cross to accom plish its task. A t the session in B russels in 1930, the E x ecutive Council decided to place in charge of th a t com m ission the relations w ith the Red Cross and all o th er in te rn atio n al o rg a n iz a tions : the H ygiene Section of the L eague of N ations, the In te rn a tio n a l L abor Office, and the C on fed eratio n of the In tellectual W orkers. Im p o rta n t decisions h a v e a lre a d y been ob tained. R
C o m m is s io n o f t h e R ed C ross
T h e commission w hich took c h arg e of re la tions w ith the R ed C ross w a s o rg a n iz ed im m ediately a fte r the w a r. T h is comm ission is the connecting link betw een the in te rn atio n al organ izatio n s and one o f the m ost im p o rtan t comm issions of the F .D .I., the H ygiene Com mission. A t Copenhagen, in 1927, the question arose as to w h eth er the com m ission in connection w ith the R ed Cross should be united w ith the H ygiene Commission, it being decided th a t the tw o commissions should w ork separately, w hich they h ave done, b u t w ith excellent col laboration. T h e rep resen tativ es o f the F .D .I. quickly obtained tangible results. T o quote but one: T h e H ygiene C om m ittee of the L eague of N ations has decided to sustain m orally the aim pursued by the F .D .I. T h e H ygiene Com m ittee has decreed th a t “ o ra l sepsis” shall be com bated as en ergetically as other illnesses, and ask th a t all the w ork of the F.D .I. be com m unicated to the com m ittee. T h e kindness w ith w hich o u r comm ission w as m et by D r. H um bert in P a ris, d irecto r of the L eague of the Red Crosses, allow s us to hope th a t the N a tio n a l C om m ittee of the Red Cross w ill alw ays be m ore and m ore in te r ested in hygiene a n d o ra l prophylaxis. T h e Polish R ed Cross, w hich h a s created five den tal offices, ought to be an exam ple to the other natio n al org an izatio n s of the R ed Cross. W e could say m uch m ore on the necessity of g iv in g g re a te r im petus to the action of the comm ission in connection w ith the R ed Cross and the in te rn atio n al o rganizations. T h e re a d e r whom the topic in terests can consult the w ork published in th e A nnual R eport of
ené
J accard,
G eneva. CORRESPONDENCE E a r l y vs. M o d e r n D e n t u r e s To the E ditor: B elieving th a t it m ight be in terestin g to some of o u r young and m odern dentists to d ra w from the dust-covered d is c ard of the old tim e equipm ent and m ethods, for com parison w ith the new and up-to-date, I have plucked from the w aste basket of ex perience a few specim ens w hich I shall be pleased to donate to the archives of our p ro fession. In A ugust, 1885, ju st a fte r receiving a d i plom a from the U n iv ersity of M ichigan, I opened an office fo r practice at M enom onie, W is. One of my first operations w as to m ake a full u p p e r and low er denture. T h e H. D. Ju sti gum section teeth and S. S. W hite bow sp rin g ru b b er w ere used. A fte r seventeen y e a rs’ w ear, the low ers becam e too short from absorption of the rid g e and I rebased them to restore length and contour. N othing m ore has been done on eith er plate. L ast sp rin g (1930) I m ade the w e a re r a new set of den tu res in o rd e r to possess the old set fo r history. T h e y h ave given constant service for forty-five years. I shall be pleased to h e a r from any m em ber of our profession w ho can show a product of dental service w hich has e ndured fo r so m any years. T h e old-tim e d entist w ith little and crude appliances built gold fillings, crow ns and bridges w hich a re g iv in g service to the w e a re r a fte r fo rty o r fifty years. T h e result of study and scientific inq u iry into thè m ys teries of n a tu re a re m arvelous, lead in g us to w onder, w h a t next? Service to patients should be one’s constant am bition, and should lead one to contem plate