Lichens of the Dublin foray

I8

Transactions British Mycological Society.

PROTOMYCETACEAE. Taphridium umbelliferarum (Iiostr.) Juel*, on lieracleztm, H. SPHAEROPSIDEAE. Phyllosticta hedericola Dur. & Mont.*, E., H., K. Phoma samararum Desm.*, P., leucostigma (DC.) Sacc.* on Rhododendron, C . Rhizosphaera Kalkhoffii Bubkk*, on Picea pungens, Glasnevin. Ascochyta Nymphaeae Pass.*t, Glasnevin. Darluca Filum (Biv.) Cast.* on Puccinia Caricis, Ii. Actinonema Rosae (Lib.) Fr., Dublin, H., K. Septoria Hederae Desm.*, P . , H., Kosae Desm.*, K., Iiubi West.*, E., P. Coniothyrium Fuckelii Sacc.*, H. Gloeosporium Helicis (Desm.) Oud.*, H. Marssonina Potentillae (Desm.) Magnus*, K. Steganosporium pyriforme (Hoffm.) Sacc.*, Malahide. Vermicularia Dematium (Pers.) Fr., H., trichella Fr.*, H. HY PHOMYCETES. Trichoderma viride (Pers.) Fr., K. Botrytis cinerea Pers. (sclerotia on Scilla nutans), P . Sepedonium chrysospermum (Bull.) Fr., E. Ovularia obliqua (Cooke) Oud.*, E., P., K., Glasnevin. Ramularia Ajugae (Niessl.) Sacc., P., calcea (Desm.) Ces.. E., P., C., K., Cirsii Allesch.*, P., Epilobii Allesch.*t on Epilobium hirsulum, C., Heraclei (Oud.) Sacc.*t, H., Hypochoeridis M a p * , K., filaris Fres. var. Lappae Bres.*, P., lactea (Desm.) Sacc.*, P., K., plantaginea Sacc. & Berl.* on Plantago lanceolata, K., Primulae Thuem.*, E., P., C., I<., sambucina Sacc., P., Scrophulariae Fautr. 6: Iioum.*, E., Urticae Ccs., E., variabilis Fuck.*, P., nymphaearum (Allesch.) liamsb., on Nztphar, Glasnevin. Cladosporium herbarum (Pers.) Link, E. Bispora monilioides Corda, P., K. Fusicladium depressum (B. & Br.) Sacc., on Angelica, E , Polythrincium Trifolii Kunze, K. Cercospora Opuli (Fuck.) v. Hoehn., C.*t Fumago vagans Pers., Dublin. Tuberculins ~ersicina(Ditm.) Sacc. on Uromyces Scrophulariae, E.

LICHENS OF THE DUBLIN FORAY. By A. L. Smith and M. C. Knowles. THE Dublin Foray was, as far as lichens are concerned, most wisely organised: the thanks of the lichenologists are due to the members of committee who selected districts that in their conditions of atmosphere and temperature were so well suited to lichen growth. The expeditions were planned so that the members were taken right out into the country away from the smoke of the city, and opportunity was given for collecting both rock and tree specimens : each day's excursion was marked by some special feature of open dale or of enclosed woodland with its particular lichen flora and in all the districts lichen growth was abundant and varied. Before the main party arrived a visit was made by a few of the members to that part of the Dublin Mountains called the

Scalp and to the beautiful Glensink ending up at the village of Enniskery. The boulders that were "confusedly hurled" over the hills at the Scalp were worked over, as far as was possible, in the limited time: they were covered with crustaceous forms in great white or dark masses, with many grey patches of leafy forms such as Parmelia saxatilis, the isidiose form of that species, there and elsewhere being unusually abundant. Some tree specimens were secured in Glensink and Iihizocarpons and Verrucarias from stones on the banks of the stream. Powerscourt Demesne was the field of the first whole-day excursion. The ancient trees in the park and near the waterfall bore great sheets of Lobaria pulmonaria, Cetraria glauca and several of the larger Parmeliae, with other crustaceous, leafy or shrubby lichens on the trees, rocks or walls. Pertusariae, notably P. pertusa and P. globulifera, were abundant. Carton Demesne was next visited: before leaving the highroad a bridge and a wall of limestone held the attention of the lichenologists a considerable time. White masses of Aspicilia calcarea which might have been aptly designated "spill o' the pail" alternated with the dark characteristic lime-loving Collemas and Leptogiums, the black Placynthium nigrum and brightly coloured orange species of Placodium. Within the Demesne and on the way up the lovely wooded glen many trees were examined and yielded species of Graphideae and Pyrenolichens with a few Lecanovae and Lecideae. And here may be pointed out the rare occurrence of Lecanora varia so abundant in the woods near London; Lecidea parasema was also rarely seen. At a further stage in the walk overhanging masses of lime cliffs by the side of the path were dotted with Vevrucaria fructifications and adorned with several species of glowing orange Placodii. One small section was covered with crowded whitey-grey growths of Dermatocarpon miniatztm, almost the colour of the cliffs when gathered, but changing to a darker brownish hue in the collecting boxes. The difficulty in many instances was to secure sufficient material of the minute forms for microscopic examination in the laboratory: hammer and chisel were almost unavailing against the smooth hard rock face. The final excursion was to Kilruddery, where again we had most cordial and kind permission to go through the grounds. On the low wall of an ancient fountain pool were found Plyscia tribacia and P h . ovbicularis with var. virella in closely appressed patches. The chief collecting there, however, was done on trees. Some old and massive trunks were found to be covered with a variety of crustaceous forms; but the outstanding species at Kilruddery was Pyrenula nitida which covered trunk after trunk of a long avenue of limes. Other crustaceous lichens such as

Transactions British Mycological Society. Bacidia Euteola, Lecanora rugosa, Pertusariae, etc., were gathered, but Pyrenula was the most abundant of all. Kilruddery lies in the heart of the mountains and there as on the other excursions we were gladdened by views on every side of that most beautiful tract of country. The arrangement followed in this list is that of The Haadbook of British Lichens. The letters which come after the names of the species and varieties signify the localities in which the lichens were collected, viz. S . = Scalp, G. = Glensink and Killegar, P. = Powerscourt, C. = Carton and K. = Kilruddery. With the exception of Carton, the seat of the Duke of Leinster, which lies inside the Co. Kildare border, all these places are in Co. Wicklow. Altogether 191 species and varieties have been identified, of these five are now recorded from Ireland for the first time, viz. Biatorella Java, B . privigna, Biatorina Bouteillei, B . graniformis and Verrucaria parva. Much of the success both of collection and determination of species is due to the untiring interest of Mr Paulson who was fortunately able to be with the party on two of the chief excursions.

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EPHEBIACEAE.

Placynthium nigrum S. F. Gray, S., P., K., C. P. nigrum S. F. Gray var. psotina Hue, K., C. COLLEMACEAE.

Collema pulposum Ach., P., C; C. multifidum Schaer., C. C. multipartitus Mudd, C. Leptogium sinuatum Massal., P. L. lacerum S. F. Gray, C. L. lacerum var. pulvinatum Koerb., C. PANNARIACEAE.

Pannaria rubiginosa Del. var. conoplea Koerb., P. PELTIGERACEAE.

Peltigera canina Willd., S., G., P., K., C. P. polydactyla Hoffm., P. P. horizontalis Hoffm., P. STICTACEAE.

Lobaria laciniata Wain., P. L. pulmonaria Hoffm., P., K., C. PARMELIACEAE.

Parmelia physodes Ach., P., K. P. physodes var. tubulosa Mudd, P. P. perlata Ach., G., P., K., C. P. caperata Ach., P., K. P. subaurifera Nyl., C. P. saxatilis Ach., S., P., I<., C. P. saxatilis f. furfuracea Schaer., P.

P . sulcata Tayl., P. P. dubia Tayl., P., K. P. conspersa Ach., S., K. P. Mougeottii Schaer., S. P. exasperata Carroll, P. P. fuliginosa Nyl., S., P., K. P. fuliginosa var. laetevirens Nyl., P., K . Cetrana glauca Ach., P. USNACEAE.

Evernia pruuastri Ach., G., P., K., C. Fr., P., K . K. fraxinea Ach., P. R. fastigiata Ach., P., K., C. R.farinacea Ach., P., K. Usnea florida Web., P., K. U. florida var. hirta Ach., P. PHYSCIACEAE.

Xanthoria parietina Th. Fr., G., S., P., K., C. X. lychnea Th. Fr., S . Placodium callopismum Mer., C. P1. murorum DC., S., P., C. P1. cirrochroum Hepp, C. P1. citrinum Anzi. S., P., C. PI. incrustans A. L. Sm., S., C. P1. aurantiacum Anzi, ? P1. pyraceum Anzi, S . P1. ochraceum Anzi, C. P1. vitellinulum A. L. Sm., S . P1. ferrugineum Hepp var. festivum A. L. Sm., S. PI. rupestre Branth. & Rostr., S., P., C.

.

Lichens of the Dublin Foray. A. L. Smith and M . C . Knowles Candelariella vitellina h'fuell-Arg., S. C. epixantha A. L. Sm., S. Physcia pulverulenta Nyl., P. Ph. stellaris Nyl., P., K . Ph. hispida Tuckerm., G., P., I<., C. Ph. tribacia Nyl., K. Ph. orbicularis Dalla Torre & Sarnth., P., K . Ph. orbicularis var. virella Dalla Torre & Sarnth., I<. Rinodina demissa Arn., S. R.sophodes Th. Fr., P. LECANORACEAE. Lecanora subfusca Ach., G., P., I<. L. subfusca var. chlarona Ach., P., K. I,. subfusca var. allophana Ach., G., P., C. 1,. rugosa Nyl., K. L. campestris R. de Lesd., S., C. L. gangaleoides Nyl., S. L. atra Ach., S., K. 1,. Hageni Ach., G., P. I,. crenulata Nyl., S. L. pallida Schaer., K. L. carpinea Wain., P. L. galactina Ach., S., C. L. urbana Nyl., C. L. varia Ach., G. L. farinaria Borr., G., P. L. symmictera Nyl., G. L. polytropa Schaer., S., P. L. tartarea Ach., S., P. I,. parella Ach., S., P., K. L. calcarea Sommerf., C. I.. calcarea var. contorta Hepp, C. I,. calcarea var. Hoffmanni Sommerf.. C. L. gibbosa Nyl., S. Acarospora smaragdula Massal., S. L. albariella A. L. Sm., K . Icmadophila ericetorum A. Zahlbr., P

3.

Haematomma ventosum Massal., S. H. coccineum Koerb., S. PERTUSARIACEAE. Pertusaria velata Nyl., P. P. globulifera Nyl., P. P. faginea Leight., P. P. multipunctata Nyl., P. P. pertusa Dalla Torre & Sarnth., S.,P., K . P. ceuthocarpa Turn. Pc Borr., S. P. leioplaca Schaer., P., K. P. Wulfenii DC., P., K. THELOTREMACEAE. Thelotrema lepadinum Ach., P., K. Diploschistes scruposus Norm., S., P.

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CLADONIACEAE. Baeomyces rufus DC., P. Cladonia pyxidata Hoffm., P. C. fimbriata Fr. var. simplex Wain., P. C. cervicornis Schaer., P. C. cornuta Fr., P. C. subsquamosa Nyl., P. C. parasitica Hoffrn., C. C. coccifera Willd., S., P. C. macilenta Hoffm., S. L E C IDEACEAE. Gyalecta exanthematica Fr., C. G. Flotovii Iioerb., K. Lecidea mutabilis FBe, P. L. Metzleri Th. Fr., C. L. ochracea Wedd., C. L. dubia Hook., G., C. L. parasema Ach., G., P., K., C. L. goniophila Schaer., P. L. leucophaea Nyl., S. L. rivulosa Ach., S., P. L. albocoerulescens Ach., P. L. sorediza Nyl., S. L. confluens Ach., S. I,. contigua'~r., P. L. contigua var. platycarpa Fr., P. Biatorella flava A. L. Sm., P. B. privigna A. L. Sm., S., C. B. pruinosa Mudd, C. B. simplex Br. & liostr., C. Biatorina Bouteilei Arn., C B. lutea Arn., K. B. diluta Th. Fr., C. B. lenticularis Iioerb., P., K., C. B. lenticularis var. crubescens Koerb.,

-

L.

B. chalybeia Mudd, S. B. graniformis A. L. Sm., K. Bacidea luteola Mudd, K. B. phacodes Koerb., K. B. umbrina Branth. Pz Rostr., S. Buellia canescens de Not., P., K., C. B. myriocarpa Mudd, G., P., K. B. spuria Koerb., S. Leciographa parasitica Massal., P. on Pertusaria pertusa. Rhizocarpon geographicum DC., S. R. calcareum Th. Fr., C. R. petraeum Massal., S . , P. R. alboatrum Th. Fr., S. R. confervoides DC., G., P. LECANACTACEAE. Lecanactis abietina Koerb., P. ARTHONIACEAE. Arthonia gregaria Koerb., C. A. gregaria var. kermesina A. L. Sm., C. A. astroidea Ach., P., K. A. radiata Ach., S., P.

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Transactions British lVljcologica1 Society.

GRAPH1DACEAE. Ophegrapha herpetica Ach., P., K., C. 0.atra Pers., G., P., K., C. 0. vulgata Ach., G., P., K., C. 0 . varia Pers., K. Graphis elegans Ach., K. G. scripta Ach., P., K., C. G. scripta var. pulverulenta Ach., P. Phaeographis inusta Muell.-Arg., G., K. P. dendritica Muel1.-Arg., K. Graphina anguina Muel1.-Arg., P., K. G. inustula A. L. Snl. (On holly), K. CHIODECTONACEAE. Enterographa crassa Fke, P., K., C. DERMATOCARPACEAE. Dermatocarpon miniatum Th. Fr., C. VERRUCARIACEAE. Verrucaria aethiobola Wahlenb., S. V. submersa Schaer., G. V. papillosa Ach., G. V. nigrescens Pers., G., S., P., C. V. coerulea DC., C.

V. glaucina Ach., C. V. fuscella Ach., G. V. maculiformis Kremph., C. V. Dufourii DC., C. V. muralis Ach., S., P. V. rupestris Schrad., P., C. V. rupestris var. subalbicans Mudd, C. V. integra Carroll, G., S . , C. V. parva Deakin, C. V. calciseda DC., C. Thelidium incavatum Mudd, C. PY R E N U L A C E A E . Acrocordia gemnlata Koerb., Ii.,C. A. biforrnis Oliv., G., C. A. epipolaea A. I*. Sm.. C. Arthopyrenia epidermidis Mudd, K. A. punctiformis Arn., K. A. cinereopruinosa Koerb., G., C. A. fallax Arn. (On cherry), Ii., C. Microthelia micula Plot., Ii. Porina carpinea A. Zahlbr., K. P. chlorotica Wainio, G., P. P. olivacea -4. I>.Sm., K . Pyrenula nitida Ach., G., K.

M Y C E T O Z O A O F T H E DUBLIN FORAY. By G. Lister. THE weather during the first half of September was fine and dry, and the rain that fell just before and during the Foray was too recent to provide the best conditions for the appearance of Mycetozoa. Twenty-seven species were obtained, two of which were new records for Ireland, and three were new to the subprovince " L. 2 of Leinster, which includes counties Wicklow, Dublin and Kildare, Queen's County and King's County. The first day's expedition to Powerscourt Demesne was wet. A large sawdust heap formed of coniferous wood yielded abundance of Cribraria piriformis, a species not before recorded for Ireland: besides the troops of mature red-brown sporangia, which exactly matched the colour of the sawdust, was much of the slate-grey or blackish plasmodium. On the same heap were numerous aethalia, mature and immature, of Lycogala epidendrum, the coral-red veins of plasmodium could be traced half an inch down among the sawdust. On fallen oak wood, amongst grass, Arcyria pomiformis was found, a new record for L. 2 . The afternoon of September q t h , spent on Howth, yielded only Didymium squamulosum and D. Clavus, the latter being new t o L. 2. The expedition to the Carton Demesne was more repaying to the hunters for Mycetozoa. I n woodland among moist herbage were many old stumps and logs, where besides "