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Locomotive cab design development. Volume I. Analysis of locomotive cab environment and development of cab design alternatives
Recommendations for the ergonomic design of workposts at computer terminals; stress factors of computer terminal work (eye strain, immobile posture, etc); visual task and lighting; work posture required working space; design and layout principles (adjustable seat, table, keyboard, screen, printer, disadvantages of bifocal lenses, lighting levels and contrast, etc); model workpost (job analysis, choice of location, position of screen in relation to keyboard, to printer, to telephone, etc). Checklist for setting up these workposts. 9.1.31 (72835)
Peters, T. Work studies at the office - A handbook on occupational health and ergonomics in offices (Arbeitswissenschaft fur die Buropraxis - Ein Handbuch der BuroMedizin und -Ergonomie). (In German.) Friedrich Kiehl Verlag GmbH, Ludwigshafen, Germany, 2nd Ed, 1976, 540 pp; abstr in CIA Abstracts (CIS 77-861). This manual considers the problems arising in workplace design and work organization in offices, taking into account the complex relations between work studies and occupational medicine, and between technical design and the organization of office work. Brief comments on the importance of ergonomics in office work, and a number of definitions, are followed by sections devoted to: mental and physical health problems; human organs particularly subject to stress, their functions and possibilities of health impairment; adaptation of work organization to man, including hours of work and rest breaks; adaptation of furniture and equipment to the worker; adaptation of work environment to man (ergonomics and occupational medical aspects: air conditioning, lighting, acoustics, individual and open-plan offices); adaptation of human working capacity to conditions of work in offices. Appendices: extracts from regulations, directives, rules, standards, etc in force in the Fed Rep of Germany; ergonomics check-list (440 items); psychological tests. 9.1.32 (72836)
Robinson, J., Piccione, D., and Lamers. G. Locomotive cab design development. Volume I. Analysis of locomotive cab environment and development of cab design alternatives. Interim report Oct 1974 - Apr 1976. Oct 1976, 203 pp; abstr in Government Reports Announcements (Report No PB-262 976/4GA). The report presents an analysis of the line haul freight engineers working
and living environment, the resultant locomotive cab design on a delineation of functional requirements found in current line haul operations together with those additional requirements which could arise during the next 1 0 - 1 5 years. The recommended design is the result of a detailed human factors engineering analysis of these requirements according to state-of-theart criteria and system design practices. Substantial engineering analysis was devoted to the recommended design; this included disciplines of cost, occupant protection, component and subsystem reliability, and system safety analysis.
design of such furniture and to evaluate any such changes. Presentations are made of the methods adopted for this investigation (selection of subjects, techniques of observation and analysis etc), the results obtained from measurement and observation, and the conclusions. 9.1.35 (72849) Pfanth, M.J., and Miller, J.M. Work surface friction coefficients: A survey of relevant factors and measurement methodology. Journal of Safety Research, Jun 1976, 8.2, 7 7 - 9 0 ; abstr in CIS Abstracts (CIS 77-606).
9.1.33 (72837)
Seminara, J.L., Gonzalez, W.R., and Parsons, S.O. Human factors review of nuclear power plant control room design. Summary report. Nov 1976, 39 pp; abstr in Government Reports Announcements (Report No PB-261 847/8GA). Human factors engineering is an interdisciplinary speciality concerned with influencing the design of equipment systems, facilities, and operational environments to promote safe, efficient, and reliable operator performance. The human factors aspects of five representative nuclear power plant control rooms were evaluated using such methods as a checklist guided observation system, structured interviews with operators and trainers, direct observations of operator behaviour, task analyses and procedure evaluation, and historical error analyses. The human factors aspects of design practices are illustrated, and many improvements in current practices are suggested. The study recommends that a detailed set of applicable human factors standards be developed to stimulate a uniform and systematic concern for human factors in design considerations.
The coefficient of friction between a shoe sole and the floor surface determines floor surface slipperiness and the potential risk.Factors that affect the coefficient of friction are grouped into work surface factors, human factors and task factors. Several methods to measure floor friction are tabulated and discussed (horizontal track, pendulum machines, slip resistance testers, subjective evaluation), and some factors affecting the value of the data are pointed out. Some important factors for the establishment of a safe coefficient of friction are studied in the light of the literature: the task and forces involved psychopliysiological factors, floor conditions and materials, shoe design and sole material, floor coating. Recommended minimum safe friction coefficients in the literature are between 0.2 and 0.5. Further research areas are outlined.
Noise 9.1.36 (72899)
International Labour Office, Geneva. Protection of workers against noise and vibration in the working environment. ILO, Geneva, 1977, 74 pp.
Among the many factors that contribute to the deterioration of the working environment, noise and 9.1.34 (72844) vibration have an important place. Ward, J.S., and Mabey, M.H. This code of practice, adopted at a Support for European Standard on meeting of experts convened by the optimum dimensions of office ILO, sets out the principles that furniture. TRC Report No T77-2941; Loughborough University of Technology, should be followed for the control of workplace noise and vibration, and Human Sciences Department, contains the information required for Loughborough, Report, Mar 1977, the establishment of control programmes 83 pp; abstr in R and D Abstracts. for individual plants. Examines the activities and related postures of male and female office workers representing a range of occupational groups and a range of body sizes, in order to determine the suitability in terms of comfort and 9.1.37 (72909) convenience of their current office Stayner, R.bl., and Hilton, D.J. furniture, and if necessary, to propose Protecting the tractor driver from lowmodifications and improvements in the frequency ride vibration. TRC Report
Vibration
Applied Ergonomics
March 1978
43
Peters, T. Work studies at the office - A handbook on occupational health and ergonomics in offices (Arbeitswissenschaft fur die Buropraxis - Ein Handbuch der BuroMedizin und -Ergonomie). (In German.) Friedrich Kiehl Verlag GmbH, Ludwigshafen, Germany, 2nd Ed, 1976, 540 pp; abstr in CIA Abstracts (CIS 77-861). This manual considers the problems arising in workplace design and work organization in offices, taking into account the complex relations between work studies and occupational medicine, and between technical design and the organization of office work. Brief comments on the importance of ergonomics in office work, and a number of definitions, are followed by sections devoted to: mental and physical health problems; human organs particularly subject to stress, their functions and possibilities of health impairment; adaptation of work organization to man, including hours of work and rest breaks; adaptation of furniture and equipment to the worker; adaptation of work environment to man (ergonomics and occupational medical aspects: air conditioning, lighting, acoustics, individual and open-plan offices); adaptation of human working capacity to conditions of work in offices. Appendices: extracts from regulations, directives, rules, standards, etc in force in the Fed Rep of Germany; ergonomics check-list (440 items); psychological tests. 9.1.32 (72836)
Robinson, J., Piccione, D., and Lamers. G. Locomotive cab design development. Volume I. Analysis of locomotive cab environment and development of cab design alternatives. Interim report Oct 1974 - Apr 1976. Oct 1976, 203 pp; abstr in Government Reports Announcements (Report No PB-262 976/4GA). The report presents an analysis of the line haul freight engineers working
and living environment, the resultant locomotive cab design on a delineation of functional requirements found in current line haul operations together with those additional requirements which could arise during the next 1 0 - 1 5 years. The recommended design is the result of a detailed human factors engineering analysis of these requirements according to state-of-theart criteria and system design practices. Substantial engineering analysis was devoted to the recommended design; this included disciplines of cost, occupant protection, component and subsystem reliability, and system safety analysis.
design of such furniture and to evaluate any such changes. Presentations are made of the methods adopted for this investigation (selection of subjects, techniques of observation and analysis etc), the results obtained from measurement and observation, and the conclusions. 9.1.35 (72849) Pfanth, M.J., and Miller, J.M. Work surface friction coefficients: A survey of relevant factors and measurement methodology. Journal of Safety Research, Jun 1976, 8.2, 7 7 - 9 0 ; abstr in CIS Abstracts (CIS 77-606).
9.1.33 (72837)
Seminara, J.L., Gonzalez, W.R., and Parsons, S.O. Human factors review of nuclear power plant control room design. Summary report. Nov 1976, 39 pp; abstr in Government Reports Announcements (Report No PB-261 847/8GA). Human factors engineering is an interdisciplinary speciality concerned with influencing the design of equipment systems, facilities, and operational environments to promote safe, efficient, and reliable operator performance. The human factors aspects of five representative nuclear power plant control rooms were evaluated using such methods as a checklist guided observation system, structured interviews with operators and trainers, direct observations of operator behaviour, task analyses and procedure evaluation, and historical error analyses. The human factors aspects of design practices are illustrated, and many improvements in current practices are suggested. The study recommends that a detailed set of applicable human factors standards be developed to stimulate a uniform and systematic concern for human factors in design considerations.
The coefficient of friction between a shoe sole and the floor surface determines floor surface slipperiness and the potential risk.Factors that affect the coefficient of friction are grouped into work surface factors, human factors and task factors. Several methods to measure floor friction are tabulated and discussed (horizontal track, pendulum machines, slip resistance testers, subjective evaluation), and some factors affecting the value of the data are pointed out. Some important factors for the establishment of a safe coefficient of friction are studied in the light of the literature: the task and forces involved psychopliysiological factors, floor conditions and materials, shoe design and sole material, floor coating. Recommended minimum safe friction coefficients in the literature are between 0.2 and 0.5. Further research areas are outlined.
Noise 9.1.36 (72899)
International Labour Office, Geneva. Protection of workers against noise and vibration in the working environment. ILO, Geneva, 1977, 74 pp.
Among the many factors that contribute to the deterioration of the working environment, noise and 9.1.34 (72844) vibration have an important place. Ward, J.S., and Mabey, M.H. This code of practice, adopted at a Support for European Standard on meeting of experts convened by the optimum dimensions of office ILO, sets out the principles that furniture. TRC Report No T77-2941; Loughborough University of Technology, should be followed for the control of workplace noise and vibration, and Human Sciences Department, contains the information required for Loughborough, Report, Mar 1977, the establishment of control programmes 83 pp; abstr in R and D Abstracts. for individual plants. Examines the activities and related postures of male and female office workers representing a range of occupational groups and a range of body sizes, in order to determine the suitability in terms of comfort and 9.1.37 (72909) convenience of their current office Stayner, R.bl., and Hilton, D.J. furniture, and if necessary, to propose Protecting the tractor driver from lowmodifications and improvements in the frequency ride vibration. TRC Report
Vibration
Applied Ergonomics
March 1978
43