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Mal de caderas
62
ABSTRACTS AND REPORTS.
previously expressed by Laveran and Mesnil with regard to the nature of this chromatic body. Owing to the proximity of the nucleus to the centrosome, the undulating membrane is much less developed than in the tr. theileri. -(Revue Veterinaire, 15th January 19°3).
MAL DE CADERAS. The principal diseases caused by trypanosomata are, surra in India, nagana in Africa, and mal de cad eras in South America. These diseases and the parasites which cause them resemble one another so closely that one might be tempted to ask whether the three names do not cover a single disease, or, at the most, simple varieties of one disease. MM. Laveran and Mesnil were fortunate enough to obtain for the purposes of study in the living condition both the trypanosoma of nagana (tr. brucei) and that of mal de caderas (tr. equinum), and as a result of their investigations they conclude that nagana and mal de caderas are two perfectly distinct diseases. The same animal species are susceptible to the tr. brucei and the tr. equinum, and the same species are refractory to these parasites. Mal de caderas is a disease which develops more slowly than nagana in some animal species, notably in the guinea-pig, and in some cases in the dog. As a rule paralysis of the hind quarters is more marked in the horse in mal de caderas than in nagana. On the other hand, hremoglobinuria is common in mal de cad eras and very rare in nagana. Alongside of those differences there are many resemblances. For example, arsenious acid and human serum exercise the same action on both trypanosomata. The differences between nagana and mal de caderas, on which is founded the conclusion that nagana and mal de caderas are distinct maladies, are the following ; (I) There is a constant morphological difference between the parasi tes. This difference is in respect of the siz.e of the centrosome, which is larger and stains more deeply and more readily in the case of tr. brucei than in tr. equinum. (2) Animals immunised against nagana are still susceptible to mal de caderas. (3) The serum of animals immunised against nagana, while effective against the tr. brucei, is without effect on the tr. equinum.-(Ibid.)
A CASE OF STRIATED MYOMA IN THE HORSE. M. Monod, a French army veterinary surgeon, claims to have met with an example of this extremely rare tumour. An artillery mare in the month of February 1902 developed suddenly in the region of the shoulder a firm tumour which was well-rlefined, movable under the skin, but slightly adherent to the deeper tissues. The animal's general condition was not affected, and there was no lameness or impediment in the action of the limb. The tumour was treated by massage, and under this it became somewhat smaller and softer. However, the improvement was only temporary, and the tumour was excised on the 12th March. It was found to be easily enucleated, as it was encapsuled and contained in a pouch where it floated freely in a small quantity of limpid liquid. At its deeper part it was furnished with a long pedicle, which penetrated between the anterior border of the supraspinatus and the mastoido-humeralis and
ABSTRACTS AND REPORTS.
previously expressed by Laveran and Mesnil with regard to the nature of this chromatic body. Owing to the proximity of the nucleus to the centrosome, the undulating membrane is much less developed than in the tr. theileri. -(Revue Veterinaire, 15th January 19°3).
MAL DE CADERAS. The principal diseases caused by trypanosomata are, surra in India, nagana in Africa, and mal de cad eras in South America. These diseases and the parasites which cause them resemble one another so closely that one might be tempted to ask whether the three names do not cover a single disease, or, at the most, simple varieties of one disease. MM. Laveran and Mesnil were fortunate enough to obtain for the purposes of study in the living condition both the trypanosoma of nagana (tr. brucei) and that of mal de caderas (tr. equinum), and as a result of their investigations they conclude that nagana and mal de caderas are two perfectly distinct diseases. The same animal species are susceptible to the tr. brucei and the tr. equinum, and the same species are refractory to these parasites. Mal de caderas is a disease which develops more slowly than nagana in some animal species, notably in the guinea-pig, and in some cases in the dog. As a rule paralysis of the hind quarters is more marked in the horse in mal de caderas than in nagana. On the other hand, hremoglobinuria is common in mal de cad eras and very rare in nagana. Alongside of those differences there are many resemblances. For example, arsenious acid and human serum exercise the same action on both trypanosomata. The differences between nagana and mal de caderas, on which is founded the conclusion that nagana and mal de caderas are distinct maladies, are the following ; (I) There is a constant morphological difference between the parasi tes. This difference is in respect of the siz.e of the centrosome, which is larger and stains more deeply and more readily in the case of tr. brucei than in tr. equinum. (2) Animals immunised against nagana are still susceptible to mal de caderas. (3) The serum of animals immunised against nagana, while effective against the tr. brucei, is without effect on the tr. equinum.-(Ibid.)
A CASE OF STRIATED MYOMA IN THE HORSE. M. Monod, a French army veterinary surgeon, claims to have met with an example of this extremely rare tumour. An artillery mare in the month of February 1902 developed suddenly in the region of the shoulder a firm tumour which was well-rlefined, movable under the skin, but slightly adherent to the deeper tissues. The animal's general condition was not affected, and there was no lameness or impediment in the action of the limb. The tumour was treated by massage, and under this it became somewhat smaller and softer. However, the improvement was only temporary, and the tumour was excised on the 12th March. It was found to be easily enucleated, as it was encapsuled and contained in a pouch where it floated freely in a small quantity of limpid liquid. At its deeper part it was furnished with a long pedicle, which penetrated between the anterior border of the supraspinatus and the mastoido-humeralis and