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Process for recovering metal values such as scandium, iron and manganese from an industrial waste sludge
IV
New Patents
4988442 PROCESS FOR DEWATERING BIOLOGICAL SLUDGE
OF
Ronald E Highsmith, Frederick J Good, Francis S Lupton, Kenneth P Kehrer, Glenn Petrie assigned to Polypure Inc The present invention provides an improved biological sludge dewatering process. The process comprises the steps of: (a) heating biological sludge to a temperature of about 90 degrees to about 150 degrees C. which corresponds to a pressure of about 0 to about 55 psig and retaining the biological sludge at that temperature for less than about 15 minutes; (b) centrifuging the heated biological sludge to isolate the solids of the heated biological sludge from the liquid of the heated biological sludge; (c) chemically conditioning the isolated solids; and (d) dewatering the conditioned solids to produce a high solids biological sludge. The present process is used for dewatering any biological sludge to produce a high solids cake. The resulting high solids cake may be used as landfill, incinerated, or used as fertilizer by spreading on land and plowing said fertilizer into the soil.
4988446 METHOD FOR SPECTROSCOPIC ANALYSIS OF HYDROCARBONS Joel I Haberman, Robert Overfield, Winston Robbins assigned to Exxon Research and Engineering Company A sample of a hydrocarbon oil containing asphaltenes is chromatographically analyzed by forming a mixture of the oil with a weak solvent. The mixture is passed in contact with a column of a stationary phase of fine solid particles of fully functionalized material, followed by a weak solvent. The solvent, after recovery from the column, is analyzed for aromatics by UVabsorption of UV radiation in the range 200 to 400 nm. The absorbance of the UV light by the irradiated eluents across the UV wavelength range is monitored and the integral of absorbance is derived as a function of photon energy across the wavelength range. The magnitude of the derived integral in at least one time interval corresponding with aromatics in the eluent from the stationary phase is measured as an indication of the level of aromatics in the oil sample. The weak solvent may be followed by a strong sol-
vent which, in turn, may be followed by a strong solvent which is modified by the addition of a hydrogen bonding solvent.
4988487 PROCESS FOR RECOVERING METAL VALUES SUCH AS SCANDIUM, IRON AND MANGANESE FROM AN INDUSTRIAL WASTE SLUDGE Wen-Cha Lai, William Rourke, Samue Natansohn assigned to G T E Laboratories Incorporated A process for eliminating an industrial waste sludge by converting its metal values into useful products involves the selective leaching of Mn, divalent Fe, and other valuable metals, such as Sc, Co, Cr, Ni, Th, rare earths, etc. with a mixture of dilute sulfuric acid and a reductant at ambient temperature. Scandium is recovered by passing the leachate through an ion exchange column which is packed with a weakly cationic resin. The retention of other metals on the resin column is negligible. The scandium is eluted from the resin column and converted to a solid product. The raffinate from the ion exchange column is titrated with an alkali solution to convert the metals, except divalent Mn and Fe, to a solid metal hydroxide. After the separation the filtrate is treated with an alkali and an oxidant to recover iron as a solid product of iron oxide which is separated from the solution. The remaining solution contains only Mn values which are recovered by treating the solution with an alkali and an oxidant to yield a solid manganese product. Separation of the solid leaves a liquid that can be discharged directly. The residue from the initial acid leaching contains the remaining metal values. HCI is used to selectively dissolve the Fe values. The insoluble residue is digested in an alkali to extract the total tungsten values. The residue from the alkali digestion contains substantial amounts of Ta, Nb and Ti and is a viable source for these metals.
4988510 INSECT
CONTROL
SYSTEM
Richard Brenner, Richard S Patterson, Roger R Pierce, Marvin H Hult assigned to The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of Agriculture
New Patents
4988442 PROCESS FOR DEWATERING BIOLOGICAL SLUDGE
OF
Ronald E Highsmith, Frederick J Good, Francis S Lupton, Kenneth P Kehrer, Glenn Petrie assigned to Polypure Inc The present invention provides an improved biological sludge dewatering process. The process comprises the steps of: (a) heating biological sludge to a temperature of about 90 degrees to about 150 degrees C. which corresponds to a pressure of about 0 to about 55 psig and retaining the biological sludge at that temperature for less than about 15 minutes; (b) centrifuging the heated biological sludge to isolate the solids of the heated biological sludge from the liquid of the heated biological sludge; (c) chemically conditioning the isolated solids; and (d) dewatering the conditioned solids to produce a high solids biological sludge. The present process is used for dewatering any biological sludge to produce a high solids cake. The resulting high solids cake may be used as landfill, incinerated, or used as fertilizer by spreading on land and plowing said fertilizer into the soil.
4988446 METHOD FOR SPECTROSCOPIC ANALYSIS OF HYDROCARBONS Joel I Haberman, Robert Overfield, Winston Robbins assigned to Exxon Research and Engineering Company A sample of a hydrocarbon oil containing asphaltenes is chromatographically analyzed by forming a mixture of the oil with a weak solvent. The mixture is passed in contact with a column of a stationary phase of fine solid particles of fully functionalized material, followed by a weak solvent. The solvent, after recovery from the column, is analyzed for aromatics by UVabsorption of UV radiation in the range 200 to 400 nm. The absorbance of the UV light by the irradiated eluents across the UV wavelength range is monitored and the integral of absorbance is derived as a function of photon energy across the wavelength range. The magnitude of the derived integral in at least one time interval corresponding with aromatics in the eluent from the stationary phase is measured as an indication of the level of aromatics in the oil sample. The weak solvent may be followed by a strong sol-
vent which, in turn, may be followed by a strong solvent which is modified by the addition of a hydrogen bonding solvent.
4988487 PROCESS FOR RECOVERING METAL VALUES SUCH AS SCANDIUM, IRON AND MANGANESE FROM AN INDUSTRIAL WASTE SLUDGE Wen-Cha Lai, William Rourke, Samue Natansohn assigned to G T E Laboratories Incorporated A process for eliminating an industrial waste sludge by converting its metal values into useful products involves the selective leaching of Mn, divalent Fe, and other valuable metals, such as Sc, Co, Cr, Ni, Th, rare earths, etc. with a mixture of dilute sulfuric acid and a reductant at ambient temperature. Scandium is recovered by passing the leachate through an ion exchange column which is packed with a weakly cationic resin. The retention of other metals on the resin column is negligible. The scandium is eluted from the resin column and converted to a solid product. The raffinate from the ion exchange column is titrated with an alkali solution to convert the metals, except divalent Mn and Fe, to a solid metal hydroxide. After the separation the filtrate is treated with an alkali and an oxidant to recover iron as a solid product of iron oxide which is separated from the solution. The remaining solution contains only Mn values which are recovered by treating the solution with an alkali and an oxidant to yield a solid manganese product. Separation of the solid leaves a liquid that can be discharged directly. The residue from the initial acid leaching contains the remaining metal values. HCI is used to selectively dissolve the Fe values. The insoluble residue is digested in an alkali to extract the total tungsten values. The residue from the alkali digestion contains substantial amounts of Ta, Nb and Ti and is a viable source for these metals.
4988510 INSECT
CONTROL
SYSTEM
Richard Brenner, Richard S Patterson, Roger R Pierce, Marvin H Hult assigned to The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of Agriculture