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Sur l'emploi du salinomètre Australien du C.S.I.R.O. (1958)
Oceanographic Abstracts
685
temperature and rainfall. Salinity and rainfall fluctuations are related inversely to each other, but the coherence varies considerably from island to island. Sea temperature and wind speed oscillations are related inversely to each other in the N E trade wind region. The statistical results from the island station analysis are in fair agreement with those obtained from large-scale hydrographic surveys. ROMAgOVSKY B. and T. EDELSTEnq, 1961. Preliminary survey o f the microflora and microfaune occurring on experimental anti=fouling panels in the Kishon Harbour. Prec. Gen. Fish. Coun., Med., Prec. and Techn. Pap., 6 (Tech. Pap. 42): 285-287. A survey of the main groups of microscopic animals and plants occurring on experimental panels in the Kishon region was carried out. The neritic and sessile character of some of these organisms is considered. Rosr, x ~ R. TH. and D. DE LANGEN,1963. A compleximetric method for the determination of dissolved oxygen in water. Analyt. Chim. Acta, 28: 78-81. A new method is proposed for the determination of dissolved oxygen in water. The iron (III) formed from FeS at pH 7-5 is titrated with EDTA solution in the presence of a salicylic acid indicator after adjustment of the pH to about 2"4. The method is slightly less precise than the Winkler method for pure waters but more accurate for polluted waters; it is simple and convenient for field use. ROTSCHI H., 1962. Sur l'emploi du salinom~tre Australien du C.S.LR.O. (1958). Oc~anogr. Phys. Annie G~ophys. Int., Part. Franeais, Centre Nat. Recherche Sci., Set. 10, (1): 69-76. The comparative experiments show that, provided certain precautions axe taken, which are easily accessible to a modestly equipped laboratory, one can place the accuracy of the procedure of the C.S.I.R.O. (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization) for measurement of salinity by electrical measurements between that of the Knudsen method and that proposed by Strickland. The latter, based on chemical analysis, has a high degree of precision. SAKAMOTO I., 1962. On the action mechanism of the osmotic balance regulated by the T-C1 character in water masses upon the movements of the pelagic fish school. J. Oceanogr. See., Jap., 20th Ann. Vol. : 650-662. The mechanism by which the T-C1 character may regulate the movement of fish schools is considered: 1. The T-CI characteristic may simply indicate the peculiar factors for each water mass. 2. An accumulative effect as pointed out by V. S. Black (1951), that water temperature and salinity alter the sensitivity of fish sense organs through their influence on the hormone balance. 3. The water temperature and salinity form an independent, new physiocbemical environmental factor that exerts a physiological mechanism in the life of fish. In this paper, osmotic pressure was noted as an example of the third mechanism. Assumptions were made that schools of teleosts adapted to the optimum environment take the osmotic difference between the body fluid and sea water, as the optimum osmotic balance, and that they, thereafter, migrate so as to keep this balance constant. From this assumption, an environmental theory taking the osmotic balance as an independent factor was developed. Based on this principle, it was concluded that the conditions for alteration of the concentration o f body fluids effected by the T-C1 alteration is negligible. Schools of pelagic fish would respond to a fluctuation =]= 0"1%o of environmental chlorinity or to a water temperature change ~= 2 ,~ 3°C as the principal norm in the selection of a new environment. Accordingly, the optimum water temperature for a pelagic fish school is determined by the range of selection of the osmotic balance and the T-C! character of the water mass to which fish are adapted. Moreover, even the same fish school will have a different value and range of optimum water temperature according to the T-C1 character of the water mass selected. The traditional concept o f t b e favourable water temperature can be used in showing the range of its natural ' schooling' temperature. Applying this theory to environmental conditions for the yellow-tail, Seriola quinqueradiata, TEMMINCK and SCSLEGEL, it was shown that the results of oceanographic observations would be very useful. SANDERS J. E., 1962. A new internal curved-gate core retainer. J. Mar. Res., 20 (3): 217-222. The new type of core retainer described here uses two internal curved gates cut from cylindrical sections. The radius of curvature of the gates is identical to the inside diameter of the sampling tube. Small levers connect from gates to an external sliding sleeve that moves up and down on the outside of the cutting head attachment. The external sleeve remains in its up-position during penetration and the internal curve gates are held open. Because these gates are counter-sunk, they do not in any way obstruct the entry of sediment into the tube. During extraction, the external sleeve is forced into its down-position; it thereby closes the two internal curved gates, which assume the form of a vaulted arch and seal the end of the tube. SANKARAt,rKtrrrY C., 1961. On a new genus of Porcellanidae (Crustacea-Anomura). J. Mar. Biol. Ass. Ind., 3 (1 and 2): 92-95. A new genus Pseudoporcellanella (Family Porcellanidae) was created to accommodate a new species P. raanoliensis. The description of the new genus and species is given and its affinities discussed.
685
temperature and rainfall. Salinity and rainfall fluctuations are related inversely to each other, but the coherence varies considerably from island to island. Sea temperature and wind speed oscillations are related inversely to each other in the N E trade wind region. The statistical results from the island station analysis are in fair agreement with those obtained from large-scale hydrographic surveys. ROMAgOVSKY B. and T. EDELSTEnq, 1961. Preliminary survey o f the microflora and microfaune occurring on experimental anti=fouling panels in the Kishon Harbour. Prec. Gen. Fish. Coun., Med., Prec. and Techn. Pap., 6 (Tech. Pap. 42): 285-287. A survey of the main groups of microscopic animals and plants occurring on experimental panels in the Kishon region was carried out. The neritic and sessile character of some of these organisms is considered. Rosr, x ~ R. TH. and D. DE LANGEN,1963. A compleximetric method for the determination of dissolved oxygen in water. Analyt. Chim. Acta, 28: 78-81. A new method is proposed for the determination of dissolved oxygen in water. The iron (III) formed from FeS at pH 7-5 is titrated with EDTA solution in the presence of a salicylic acid indicator after adjustment of the pH to about 2"4. The method is slightly less precise than the Winkler method for pure waters but more accurate for polluted waters; it is simple and convenient for field use. ROTSCHI H., 1962. Sur l'emploi du salinom~tre Australien du C.S.LR.O. (1958). Oc~anogr. Phys. Annie G~ophys. Int., Part. Franeais, Centre Nat. Recherche Sci., Set. 10, (1): 69-76. The comparative experiments show that, provided certain precautions axe taken, which are easily accessible to a modestly equipped laboratory, one can place the accuracy of the procedure of the C.S.I.R.O. (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization) for measurement of salinity by electrical measurements between that of the Knudsen method and that proposed by Strickland. The latter, based on chemical analysis, has a high degree of precision. SAKAMOTO I., 1962. On the action mechanism of the osmotic balance regulated by the T-C1 character in water masses upon the movements of the pelagic fish school. J. Oceanogr. See., Jap., 20th Ann. Vol. : 650-662. The mechanism by which the T-C1 character may regulate the movement of fish schools is considered: 1. The T-CI characteristic may simply indicate the peculiar factors for each water mass. 2. An accumulative effect as pointed out by V. S. Black (1951), that water temperature and salinity alter the sensitivity of fish sense organs through their influence on the hormone balance. 3. The water temperature and salinity form an independent, new physiocbemical environmental factor that exerts a physiological mechanism in the life of fish. In this paper, osmotic pressure was noted as an example of the third mechanism. Assumptions were made that schools of teleosts adapted to the optimum environment take the osmotic difference between the body fluid and sea water, as the optimum osmotic balance, and that they, thereafter, migrate so as to keep this balance constant. From this assumption, an environmental theory taking the osmotic balance as an independent factor was developed. Based on this principle, it was concluded that the conditions for alteration of the concentration o f body fluids effected by the T-C1 alteration is negligible. Schools of pelagic fish would respond to a fluctuation =]= 0"1%o of environmental chlorinity or to a water temperature change ~= 2 ,~ 3°C as the principal norm in the selection of a new environment. Accordingly, the optimum water temperature for a pelagic fish school is determined by the range of selection of the osmotic balance and the T-C! character of the water mass to which fish are adapted. Moreover, even the same fish school will have a different value and range of optimum water temperature according to the T-C1 character of the water mass selected. The traditional concept o f t b e favourable water temperature can be used in showing the range of its natural ' schooling' temperature. Applying this theory to environmental conditions for the yellow-tail, Seriola quinqueradiata, TEMMINCK and SCSLEGEL, it was shown that the results of oceanographic observations would be very useful. SANDERS J. E., 1962. A new internal curved-gate core retainer. J. Mar. Res., 20 (3): 217-222. The new type of core retainer described here uses two internal curved gates cut from cylindrical sections. The radius of curvature of the gates is identical to the inside diameter of the sampling tube. Small levers connect from gates to an external sliding sleeve that moves up and down on the outside of the cutting head attachment. The external sleeve remains in its up-position during penetration and the internal curve gates are held open. Because these gates are counter-sunk, they do not in any way obstruct the entry of sediment into the tube. During extraction, the external sleeve is forced into its down-position; it thereby closes the two internal curved gates, which assume the form of a vaulted arch and seal the end of the tube. SANKARAt,rKtrrrY C., 1961. On a new genus of Porcellanidae (Crustacea-Anomura). J. Mar. Biol. Ass. Ind., 3 (1 and 2): 92-95. A new genus Pseudoporcellanella (Family Porcellanidae) was created to accommodate a new species P. raanoliensis. The description of the new genus and species is given and its affinities discussed.