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The changes of arterial elasticity in normotensive salt sensitive subjects under salt-loading
S98
Abstracts
LA000499 Determinants of central pulse pressure in patients with essential hypertension LISONG LIU, QI HUA, BEILEI PANG, JING WEN, YUNGAO WAN Beijing Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, China Objective: To investigate the determinants of central pulse pressure (CPP) in patients with essential hypertension via intra-arterial blood pressure measurement. Methods: 277 inpatients who underwent coronary angiography were enrolled in this study. Before the procedure, aortic root pressure was measured through graphic catheter, brachial artery pressure was measured and heart rate was recorded simultaneously. Readings of smooth blood pressure curve were noted. All subjects underwent echocardiography. They were divided into hypertensive group and normotensive group according to the diagnostic standard of WHO/ISH or history of hypertension. We compared their age, height, body surface area (BSA), central blood pressure parameters, brachial blood pressure parameters, heart rate (HR), left ventricular mass index (LVMI) and biochemistry data, respectively. Results: Multianalysis of correlation indicated that CPP of hypertensive group was significantly and positively associated with age, central systolic blood pressure (CSBP), A/E ratio (r = 0.448, 0.886, 0.226, P < 0.01); whereas it negatively associated with BSA, height, stroke volume (SV), heart rate, ALT, and serum creatinine (r = −0.377, −0.388, −0.160, −0.198, −0.212, −0.159, P < 0.05–0.01). Using CPP as attributive variable, and age, CSBP, A/E ratio, BSA, SV, ALT and serum creatinine as dependent variables, the multiple regression equation was: CPP = 0.708 × CSBP +0.410 × age − 13.196 × BSA − 32.782 (P < 0.01, R2 = 87.1%). CPP of normotensive group was significantly correlated with age, CSBP, and BSA (r = 0.258, 0.828, −0.217, P < 0.05–0.01). Conclusion: Age, CSBP, and BSA were the primary determinants of CPP in patients with essential hypertension. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2009.09.330
LA000500 The changes of arterial elasticity in normotensive salt sensitive subjects under salt-loading J.J. MU, D. ZHOU, F.Q. LIU, B.L. WANG, W. JIANG, G.J. WU, M. ZHANG, Q. HUANG First Affiliated Hospital of Xian Jiaotong University, China Background: Salt sensitivity is implicated as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. We hypothesized that salt loading would influence the arterial elasticity which could reflect endothelium function. The aim of the study was to investigate the different changes of arterial elasticity under high salt dietary intervention between salt sensitive subjects and non-salt sensitive subjects. Methods: A 7-day low-sodium (51.3 mmol sodium/day) followed by a 7-day high-sodium (307.8 mmol sodium/day) dietary intervention was conducted among 31 normotensive subjects. BP measurements were obtained at a baseline examination and following the low-sodium and high-sodium interventions using a random-zero sphygmomanometer. Salt sensitivity was defined as the absolute changes in mean arterial pressure (MAP) from baseline to low-sodium and high-sodium interventions. The arterial elasticity was determined by CVProfilor DO-2020 and expressed as elasticity indexes (C(1)—large artery and C(2)—small artery). Results: There were 10 subjects recognized as salt sensitive. During low salt intervention, there were no differences in BP and in large and small arterial elasticity indices between salt sensitive subjects and non-salt sensitive subjects (C1: 14.3 ± 1.17 (SS) vs 14.4 ± 0.81 (NSS); C2: 5.2 ± 0.7 (SS) vs 5.4 ± 0.7 (NSS)). After the 7-day high-sodium dietary intervention, the changes of large artery elasticity (C(1)) in salt sensitive subjects
were significantly reduced (2.45 ± 0.45 (SS) vs 0.87 ± 0.78 (NSS) ml mm Hg (−1)x 10, P = 0.004), but the small artery elasticity (C(2)) was not found to have significant changes neither in salt sensitive subjects nor in salt insensitive subjects (4.7± 2.4 (SS) vs 5.4 ± 2.1 (NSS) ml mm Hg (−1) x 100, P = 0. 41). Conclusions: Our study indicates that short-term salt loading could reduce the large artery elasticity in salt sensitive subjects, but not in non-salt sensitive subjects. Further study is needed to confirm that long-term high salt can reduce both arterial elasticities (C1 and C2). doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2009.09.331 LA000518 Noninvasive arterial stiffness indices and cardiovascular risk in hypertensive patients JUN-LI ZUO, SHAO-LI CHU, YAN LI, DING-LIANG ZHU, PING-JING GAO, QIAN GE, JIN-YING SHI, YUAN-ZHI HU, JIA-YAN SUN Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China Objectives: To validate the potential predictor role of noninvasive arterial stiffness indices as cardiovascular risk markers. Methods: We studied a cohort of 890 patients with essential hypertension. Calculation of cardiovascular risks, by use of Framingham equations, was performed in pure essential hypertensive (EH) subjects. We measured arterial stiffness indices including the carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity (c–f PWV), pulse wave analysis (PWA), large and small artery elasticities (C1 and C2), and inter-media thickness (IMT) obtained by the carotid arterial ultrasonography. Results: Brachial (BPP) and central pulse pressures (CPP), c–f PWV, and IMT in group of organ damage were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than EH (P < 0.01). But C2 was lower in EH-CKD (P < 0.01). The prevalence of carotid arterial plague was apparently higher in EH-CHD (74.2%, P < 0.01). After adjusting confounding factors, c–f PWV was higher in the presence of EH-CKD and EH-ST (P < 0.01). c–f PWV was higher in CHD for men (P < 0.05). c–f PWV and IMT in EH-CKD increased progressively with decreased eGFR, but for C2, was decreased (P < 0.01). After adjusting for confounding factors, each SD (3 m/s) increased in c–f PWV entailed a 1.50, 1.43 and 1.54 times higher risk of CKD, ST and CHD organ damage. Furthermore, the risk of CHD with carotid arterial plague was 2.35 times higher than those without plague. Optimal cutoff value of c–f PWV to detect patients with high 10-year cardiovascular disease risk was 11 m/s. Conclusion: The c–f PWV appeared as a strong predictor of cardiovascular disease. Further studies are required to provide evidence that CAP, CAIX@HR75, C1 and C2 can be widely used in the clinical setting. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2009.09.332 LA000564 Cardiovascular risk factors do not alter the hemodynamic patterns of normal vascular aging: the Korean Arterial Aging Study (KAAS) JEONG BAE PARK, KEE SIK KIM, HO JOONG YOUN, BYUNG HEE OH, NAMSIK CHUNG, JANG HO BAE, CHANG GYU PARK, MOO YONG RHEE, SOO YEUN CHOI, DONG JU CHOI, SE JOONG RIM, JIN WON JEONG, DONG SOO KIM, MYENG CHAN CHO, SHUNG CHULL CHAE, KYU HYUNG RYU, SANG HONG BAEK Cheil General Hospital, Kwandong University, South Korea Background and objectives: Aging exerts a number of deleterious changes in the cardiovascular (CV) system, and, in particular, on the large arteries. Previous studies have suggested that augmentation index (AIx) and aortic pulse wave velocity (aPWV) increase linearly
Abstracts
LA000499 Determinants of central pulse pressure in patients with essential hypertension LISONG LIU, QI HUA, BEILEI PANG, JING WEN, YUNGAO WAN Beijing Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, China Objective: To investigate the determinants of central pulse pressure (CPP) in patients with essential hypertension via intra-arterial blood pressure measurement. Methods: 277 inpatients who underwent coronary angiography were enrolled in this study. Before the procedure, aortic root pressure was measured through graphic catheter, brachial artery pressure was measured and heart rate was recorded simultaneously. Readings of smooth blood pressure curve were noted. All subjects underwent echocardiography. They were divided into hypertensive group and normotensive group according to the diagnostic standard of WHO/ISH or history of hypertension. We compared their age, height, body surface area (BSA), central blood pressure parameters, brachial blood pressure parameters, heart rate (HR), left ventricular mass index (LVMI) and biochemistry data, respectively. Results: Multianalysis of correlation indicated that CPP of hypertensive group was significantly and positively associated with age, central systolic blood pressure (CSBP), A/E ratio (r = 0.448, 0.886, 0.226, P < 0.01); whereas it negatively associated with BSA, height, stroke volume (SV), heart rate, ALT, and serum creatinine (r = −0.377, −0.388, −0.160, −0.198, −0.212, −0.159, P < 0.05–0.01). Using CPP as attributive variable, and age, CSBP, A/E ratio, BSA, SV, ALT and serum creatinine as dependent variables, the multiple regression equation was: CPP = 0.708 × CSBP +0.410 × age − 13.196 × BSA − 32.782 (P < 0.01, R2 = 87.1%). CPP of normotensive group was significantly correlated with age, CSBP, and BSA (r = 0.258, 0.828, −0.217, P < 0.05–0.01). Conclusion: Age, CSBP, and BSA were the primary determinants of CPP in patients with essential hypertension. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2009.09.330
LA000500 The changes of arterial elasticity in normotensive salt sensitive subjects under salt-loading J.J. MU, D. ZHOU, F.Q. LIU, B.L. WANG, W. JIANG, G.J. WU, M. ZHANG, Q. HUANG First Affiliated Hospital of Xian Jiaotong University, China Background: Salt sensitivity is implicated as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. We hypothesized that salt loading would influence the arterial elasticity which could reflect endothelium function. The aim of the study was to investigate the different changes of arterial elasticity under high salt dietary intervention between salt sensitive subjects and non-salt sensitive subjects. Methods: A 7-day low-sodium (51.3 mmol sodium/day) followed by a 7-day high-sodium (307.8 mmol sodium/day) dietary intervention was conducted among 31 normotensive subjects. BP measurements were obtained at a baseline examination and following the low-sodium and high-sodium interventions using a random-zero sphygmomanometer. Salt sensitivity was defined as the absolute changes in mean arterial pressure (MAP) from baseline to low-sodium and high-sodium interventions. The arterial elasticity was determined by CVProfilor DO-2020 and expressed as elasticity indexes (C(1)—large artery and C(2)—small artery). Results: There were 10 subjects recognized as salt sensitive. During low salt intervention, there were no differences in BP and in large and small arterial elasticity indices between salt sensitive subjects and non-salt sensitive subjects (C1: 14.3 ± 1.17 (SS) vs 14.4 ± 0.81 (NSS); C2: 5.2 ± 0.7 (SS) vs 5.4 ± 0.7 (NSS)). After the 7-day high-sodium dietary intervention, the changes of large artery elasticity (C(1)) in salt sensitive subjects
were significantly reduced (2.45 ± 0.45 (SS) vs 0.87 ± 0.78 (NSS) ml mm Hg (−1)x 10, P = 0.004), but the small artery elasticity (C(2)) was not found to have significant changes neither in salt sensitive subjects nor in salt insensitive subjects (4.7± 2.4 (SS) vs 5.4 ± 2.1 (NSS) ml mm Hg (−1) x 100, P = 0. 41). Conclusions: Our study indicates that short-term salt loading could reduce the large artery elasticity in salt sensitive subjects, but not in non-salt sensitive subjects. Further study is needed to confirm that long-term high salt can reduce both arterial elasticities (C1 and C2). doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2009.09.331 LA000518 Noninvasive arterial stiffness indices and cardiovascular risk in hypertensive patients JUN-LI ZUO, SHAO-LI CHU, YAN LI, DING-LIANG ZHU, PING-JING GAO, QIAN GE, JIN-YING SHI, YUAN-ZHI HU, JIA-YAN SUN Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China Objectives: To validate the potential predictor role of noninvasive arterial stiffness indices as cardiovascular risk markers. Methods: We studied a cohort of 890 patients with essential hypertension. Calculation of cardiovascular risks, by use of Framingham equations, was performed in pure essential hypertensive (EH) subjects. We measured arterial stiffness indices including the carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity (c–f PWV), pulse wave analysis (PWA), large and small artery elasticities (C1 and C2), and inter-media thickness (IMT) obtained by the carotid arterial ultrasonography. Results: Brachial (BPP) and central pulse pressures (CPP), c–f PWV, and IMT in group of organ damage were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than EH (P < 0.01). But C2 was lower in EH-CKD (P < 0.01). The prevalence of carotid arterial plague was apparently higher in EH-CHD (74.2%, P < 0.01). After adjusting confounding factors, c–f PWV was higher in the presence of EH-CKD and EH-ST (P < 0.01). c–f PWV was higher in CHD for men (P < 0.05). c–f PWV and IMT in EH-CKD increased progressively with decreased eGFR, but for C2, was decreased (P < 0.01). After adjusting for confounding factors, each SD (3 m/s) increased in c–f PWV entailed a 1.50, 1.43 and 1.54 times higher risk of CKD, ST and CHD organ damage. Furthermore, the risk of CHD with carotid arterial plague was 2.35 times higher than those without plague. Optimal cutoff value of c–f PWV to detect patients with high 10-year cardiovascular disease risk was 11 m/s. Conclusion: The c–f PWV appeared as a strong predictor of cardiovascular disease. Further studies are required to provide evidence that CAP, CAIX@HR75, C1 and C2 can be widely used in the clinical setting. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2009.09.332 LA000564 Cardiovascular risk factors do not alter the hemodynamic patterns of normal vascular aging: the Korean Arterial Aging Study (KAAS) JEONG BAE PARK, KEE SIK KIM, HO JOONG YOUN, BYUNG HEE OH, NAMSIK CHUNG, JANG HO BAE, CHANG GYU PARK, MOO YONG RHEE, SOO YEUN CHOI, DONG JU CHOI, SE JOONG RIM, JIN WON JEONG, DONG SOO KIM, MYENG CHAN CHO, SHUNG CHULL CHAE, KYU HYUNG RYU, SANG HONG BAEK Cheil General Hospital, Kwandong University, South Korea Background and objectives: Aging exerts a number of deleterious changes in the cardiovascular (CV) system, and, in particular, on the large arteries. Previous studies have suggested that augmentation index (AIx) and aortic pulse wave velocity (aPWV) increase linearly