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THE MANCHESTER EDUCATION COMMITTEE AND FEEBLE-MINDED CHILDREN.
1148 disease and she was admitted to the orphanage two months before her death and then appeared to be healthy. At times she had attacks of " wind colic " which yielded to simple remedies. Dr. Glazebrook, who is a physician to the asylum, was never asked to see her previously. At the necropsy the omentum was found adherent to the middle of the vermilarge form appendix. The adhesion was very firm and appeared to be of several months’ duration. Three-eighths of an inch from the tip a small round mass was felt in the appendix. Upon opening the latter this was found to be the head of a black mourning-pin. At the place of adhesion was a small perforation of the appendix from which about a drachm of green pus was escaping. The point of the pin was in the position of the perforation. No attendant in the orphanage wore mourning-pins. This fact and the density of the adhesion of the appendix to the mesentery led to the conclusion that the child prior to admission, whilst being suckled by her mother, swallowed the pin., The latter punctured the appendix, set up local peritonitis, terminating in the formation of the adhesion. The fatal illness was of only three and a half hours’ duration and was due to perforation of the appendix into the peritoneal cavity. Cases of appendicitis due to foreign bodies, for which at one time faecal concretions were mistaken, are much rarer than was supposed. In 1000 necropsies Dr. Glazebrook found foreign bodies in the appendix only twice. !
been given and in which constipation frequently alternates with diarrhoea. The palatinoids were given every second hour if necessary, but rarely more than eight a day were required, and soon two or three sufficed. The best time to administer them was found to be after food. The tenderness so frequently noted over the lower part of the abdomen disappeared under this treatment, likewise the distension, but flatulence still proved a troublesome symptom to relieve. There was a steady increase in weight with ability to endure cold and to take exercise without fatigue. Dr. Hartigan maintains that the great advantage of giving cyllin is that it enables the patient to resume an ordinary, though restricted, diet much sooner than when treatment by diet alone is adopted. The drug must not be suddenly discontinued but it should be continued in reduced doses for about a month after all symptoms of disease have disappeared. Cases of sprue are not often seen in this country and consequently few opportunities arise for taking any particular line of treatment. Doubtless, however, cyllin will be tried in eastern countries, China more particularly, where this disease accounts for a large number of deaths, and the results of its administration will be watched with interest. ____
THE
MANCHESTER EDUCATION COMMITTEE AND FEEBLE-MINDED CHILDREN.
THE first special school for feeble-minded children in was opened by the education committee in Manchester LIFE INSURANCE OF MEDICAL MEN BY RUSSIAN Now there are three such schools, affording 1902. April, LOCAL GOVERNMENT. accommodation as follows. Embden-street school can take THE Minsk local government, in view of the threatened 90 children, Hague-street 80, and the Harpurhey Hall school invasion of cholera, has invited medical practitioners, 48, making a total of 218. The second annual report of irrespectively of creed, to occupy the vacant practices in these schools has just been issued by Dr. Henry Ashby the province of the Minsk government. In event of cholera and it states that during the year 1904 there were 159 appearing in the government the medical men’s lives will be children examined for admission, of whom 139 were passed insured by the authorities for E800 and those of the students and 20 were rejected. Of the 20 who were rejected (students of five years’ standing are included in the invita- eight were imbeciles and therefore not eligible, while tion) for E500. This would seem to be a practical solution of nine were considered as not defective. Dr. Ashby reports In times of epidemic, of however a great difficulty. that among the upper grade children-i.e., some 30 or a no medical man ever hesitates to do his nature, dangerous 40 per cent. of the scholars-the improvement has been very duty, but it is impossible for a married man, with wife and gratifying and that there is every reason to believe that in children to whom his death would mean absolute poverty, the future they will be able to earn their own living at some not to feel that he is being asked to carry his altruism to a handicraft. In the next grade, which numbers from 40 to cruel height. Few young medical men in any country are 50 per cent. of the scholars, the improvement is not so able to make provision early in their career for the support marked and it is doubtful whether they will ever be able to of a widow or the education of orphans and surely the earn their own living, but in a labour colony they could concommunity, in deference to whose views so many medical tribute materially to their own support. As for the third men marry while quite young, would act with discriminating grade, who number 10 or 12 per cent. of the scholars, it generosity if in suitable circumstances it were to insure the ’’ would be better for themselves and everyone else for them lives of medical men for a reasonable sum. to be inmates of a State-aided institution." The chief causes of the mental deficiency are the fecklessness of THE TREATMENT OF SPRUE. parents, bad home conditions, and hereditary influences. As for diet, improper feeding plays a larger part than IN the Jo2arnal of 1 ropioal Medioine of March 1st there I actual lack of food. On the whole the report shows that is a communication by Dr. William Hartigan on the use of the schools are doing much good. cyllin in sprue. The treatment of this disease has hitherto been carried out by dieting and by the use of certain drugs THE PATHOLOGY AND BACTERIOLOGY OF Dr. Hartigan, acting on the such as crude santonin. ACUTE MENINGITIS. a is caused by micro-organism, supposition that sprue be which could for a OUR knowledge of the pathology and bacteriology of given internally germicide sought with satisfactory results. Amongst others he tried cyllin cerebro-spinal meningitis is so recent that a survey of the facts in three-minim doses given in the form of palatinoids, so which have been discovered is opportune. Such is furnished prepared as to pass undigested through the stomach but to by a paper contributed to the Albany Medical Annals for dissolve in the intestinal canal. This drug was invariably March by Dr. W. T. Councilman. All cases of meningitis well borne ; the number of stools rapidly diminished are cerebro-spinal and strictly speaking the term meningobut constipation was not produced ; the motions lost encephalitis is applicable, for careful examination always their frothy character and then became gradually bile- shows some extension of the inflammation to the brain stained and more consistent ; the offensive odour slowly itself. Infectious agents gain access to the meninges by the passed off, till finally the stools became formed or semi- blood or the lymphatics or by extension from adjacent formed, but never assumed the condition of huge putty-like regions. All forms of meningitis agree more or less masses so often seen in those cases in which milk alone has anatomically, though there are certain minor differences.
been given and in which constipation frequently alternates with diarrhoea. The palatinoids were given every second hour if necessary, but rarely more than eight a day were required, and soon two or three sufficed. The best time to administer them was found to be after food. The tenderness so frequently noted over the lower part of the abdomen disappeared under this treatment, likewise the distension, but flatulence still proved a troublesome symptom to relieve. There was a steady increase in weight with ability to endure cold and to take exercise without fatigue. Dr. Hartigan maintains that the great advantage of giving cyllin is that it enables the patient to resume an ordinary, though restricted, diet much sooner than when treatment by diet alone is adopted. The drug must not be suddenly discontinued but it should be continued in reduced doses for about a month after all symptoms of disease have disappeared. Cases of sprue are not often seen in this country and consequently few opportunities arise for taking any particular line of treatment. Doubtless, however, cyllin will be tried in eastern countries, China more particularly, where this disease accounts for a large number of deaths, and the results of its administration will be watched with interest. ____
THE
MANCHESTER EDUCATION COMMITTEE AND FEEBLE-MINDED CHILDREN.
THE first special school for feeble-minded children in was opened by the education committee in Manchester LIFE INSURANCE OF MEDICAL MEN BY RUSSIAN Now there are three such schools, affording 1902. April, LOCAL GOVERNMENT. accommodation as follows. Embden-street school can take THE Minsk local government, in view of the threatened 90 children, Hague-street 80, and the Harpurhey Hall school invasion of cholera, has invited medical practitioners, 48, making a total of 218. The second annual report of irrespectively of creed, to occupy the vacant practices in these schools has just been issued by Dr. Henry Ashby the province of the Minsk government. In event of cholera and it states that during the year 1904 there were 159 appearing in the government the medical men’s lives will be children examined for admission, of whom 139 were passed insured by the authorities for E800 and those of the students and 20 were rejected. Of the 20 who were rejected (students of five years’ standing are included in the invita- eight were imbeciles and therefore not eligible, while tion) for E500. This would seem to be a practical solution of nine were considered as not defective. Dr. Ashby reports In times of epidemic, of however a great difficulty. that among the upper grade children-i.e., some 30 or a no medical man ever hesitates to do his nature, dangerous 40 per cent. of the scholars-the improvement has been very duty, but it is impossible for a married man, with wife and gratifying and that there is every reason to believe that in children to whom his death would mean absolute poverty, the future they will be able to earn their own living at some not to feel that he is being asked to carry his altruism to a handicraft. In the next grade, which numbers from 40 to cruel height. Few young medical men in any country are 50 per cent. of the scholars, the improvement is not so able to make provision early in their career for the support marked and it is doubtful whether they will ever be able to of a widow or the education of orphans and surely the earn their own living, but in a labour colony they could concommunity, in deference to whose views so many medical tribute materially to their own support. As for the third men marry while quite young, would act with discriminating grade, who number 10 or 12 per cent. of the scholars, it generosity if in suitable circumstances it were to insure the ’’ would be better for themselves and everyone else for them lives of medical men for a reasonable sum. to be inmates of a State-aided institution." The chief causes of the mental deficiency are the fecklessness of THE TREATMENT OF SPRUE. parents, bad home conditions, and hereditary influences. As for diet, improper feeding plays a larger part than IN the Jo2arnal of 1 ropioal Medioine of March 1st there I actual lack of food. On the whole the report shows that is a communication by Dr. William Hartigan on the use of the schools are doing much good. cyllin in sprue. The treatment of this disease has hitherto been carried out by dieting and by the use of certain drugs THE PATHOLOGY AND BACTERIOLOGY OF Dr. Hartigan, acting on the such as crude santonin. ACUTE MENINGITIS. a is caused by micro-organism, supposition that sprue be which could for a OUR knowledge of the pathology and bacteriology of given internally germicide sought with satisfactory results. Amongst others he tried cyllin cerebro-spinal meningitis is so recent that a survey of the facts in three-minim doses given in the form of palatinoids, so which have been discovered is opportune. Such is furnished prepared as to pass undigested through the stomach but to by a paper contributed to the Albany Medical Annals for dissolve in the intestinal canal. This drug was invariably March by Dr. W. T. Councilman. All cases of meningitis well borne ; the number of stools rapidly diminished are cerebro-spinal and strictly speaking the term meningobut constipation was not produced ; the motions lost encephalitis is applicable, for careful examination always their frothy character and then became gradually bile- shows some extension of the inflammation to the brain stained and more consistent ; the offensive odour slowly itself. Infectious agents gain access to the meninges by the passed off, till finally the stools became formed or semi- blood or the lymphatics or by extension from adjacent formed, but never assumed the condition of huge putty-like regions. All forms of meningitis agree more or less masses so often seen in those cases in which milk alone has anatomically, though there are certain minor differences.