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Quelques particularités de la bionomie benthique de l'Antarctique de l'Est
Oceanographic Abstracts
337
a low-salinity, upper zone from a more saline lower zone. It includes all areas having dichothermal temperature structure. Definite boundaries for the region are established. The subarctic characteristics are limited to the upper zone and halocline. The lower zone characteristics are continuous from the subtropic into the subarctic. From the data the principal features of structure of the properties have been shown, as well as the differences from one locality to another. The seasonal variations and also some non-seasonal variations have been discussed. The persistent current systems have been traced and their components named. The processes for the maintenance of the structure by precipitation, evaporation, dissipation of upper zone water, and entrainment from the deep zone are discussed. A relation between tl~e barometric pressure distrib-~tion and the transport in the non-persistent systems is proposed. USCHAKOV, P. V., 1963. Quelques particularit6s de la bionomie benthique de I'Antarctique de l'Est. Cah. Biol. Mar'., Roscoffl 4 (I): 81-89. The Soviet Antarctic Expedition of 1955-1958 on the R. "v. Ob, collected a considerable amount of material on the bottom fauna which disclosed some peculiarities in the vertical distribution of the bottom communities off the East Antarctic Shelf. The bottom fauna, there, formed mainly mixed communities consisting mostly of fixed seston-feeders. A general uniformity (homogeneity) of submarine landscapes was noted at depths from 50-100 to 500-700 m. Making a comparison between the Arctic and the Antarctic basins, the author explains the difference in the composition and distribution o f the bottom communities in both basins as dependent on the peculiar structure o f the Antarctic shelf.
UYEDA, S., 1963. Recent geophysical investigations of the ocean bottom. (in Japanese; English abstract). J. Oceanogr. Soc., Jap., 20th Ann. Vol., 64-79. The development of new techniques for geophysical investigation of the ocean bottom, such as seismic reflection and refraction techniques, gravity meters, ship-towed magnetometers and the heat flow measuring device, is summarized in the first half of this review. The second half deals with some of the important results obtained by these new techniques on sea-mounts, atolls, the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, the transitional area between continental and oceanic crusts, magnetic anomalies in the ocean floor, the East Pacific Rise, trenches and island arcs. WALt., D., 1962. Evidence from Recent plankton regarding the biological affinities of Tasmanites Newton 1875 and Leiosphaeridia Eisenack 1958. Geol. Mag., 99 (4): 353-362. Following a brief survey of previous literature concerning microfossils of the genera Tasmanites Newton 1875 and Leiosphaeridia Eisenack 1958 (generally known as liospheres), two present day green algae are described (Pachysphaera pela,gica Ostenfeld 1899 and Halosphaera minor Ostenfeld 1899). These organisms are compared with members of the fossil genera reviewed above and on the basis o f this comparison it is concluded that the biological affinities of Tasmanites and some species of Leiosphaeridia lie with the Chlorophyceae. A possible mode of life is suggested for the fossils and the systematic position of the genera Tasmanites and Leiosphaeridia is reviewed but Jlot altered. WEISS, H. V., and M. -G. Lal, 1963. Cocrystallization of ultramicro quantities of elements with 2-mercaptobenzimidazole. Determination o f gold in sea water. Analyt. Chim. Acta, 28 (3): 242-248. The co-crystallization of ultramicro quantities of twenty-five diverse elements with 2-mercaptobenzimidazole was investigated with the aid of radiotracers. Under optimum conditions Sn, Hg, Ag, Ta and Au were recovered in high yield. Distribution coefficients between mother liquor and solid phase were calculated for gold and were found to vary inversely with the degree of crystallization and the hydrogen ion concentration. The co-crystallization process was applied to the isolation and subsequent determination o f the natural gold abundance in seawater. After radiometric correction for chemical yield, the concentration of gold was calculated to be 0-068 ~ 0.003 ~g/l. WEULS, J. B. J., 1963. Copepoda from the littoral region of the estuary of the river Exe (Devon, England). Crustaceana, 5 (1): 10-26. lm Eulittoral des Estuars des Flusses Exe wurden 96 Copepodenarten gefunden, darunter 22 Arten die for Grossbritannien neu sind. Eine neue Art, sowie die bisher unbekannten M~nnchen von 4 Arten und das Weibchen einer weiteren Art sind hier zum erstenmal beschrieben. Die Arbeit versucht eine Revision der Genera Rhizothrix, Adelopoda und To,phoema, und enth~ilt einen Bestimmungschliissel f/it die Gattungen Rhizothrix, Paramesochra und LeptopsyUus. WILCKENS, F., 1962. Anwendbarkeit yon Satellitenmessungen in der Ozeanographie. Deutsche
Hytbogr. Z., 15 (3): 93-102.
After a discussion of the general conditions for satellite measurements of the possibilities of oceanographic satellite observations by means o f television (state of the sea, sea ice) and radiation measurements (heat budget of the ocean, surface-temperature distribution) are outlined and supplemented with observations. The importance o f meteorological and geodetic satellite for oceanographic purposes is shown. The possibilities of applying satellite observations to future
337
a low-salinity, upper zone from a more saline lower zone. It includes all areas having dichothermal temperature structure. Definite boundaries for the region are established. The subarctic characteristics are limited to the upper zone and halocline. The lower zone characteristics are continuous from the subtropic into the subarctic. From the data the principal features of structure of the properties have been shown, as well as the differences from one locality to another. The seasonal variations and also some non-seasonal variations have been discussed. The persistent current systems have been traced and their components named. The processes for the maintenance of the structure by precipitation, evaporation, dissipation of upper zone water, and entrainment from the deep zone are discussed. A relation between tl~e barometric pressure distrib-~tion and the transport in the non-persistent systems is proposed. USCHAKOV, P. V., 1963. Quelques particularit6s de la bionomie benthique de I'Antarctique de l'Est. Cah. Biol. Mar'., Roscoffl 4 (I): 81-89. The Soviet Antarctic Expedition of 1955-1958 on the R. "v. Ob, collected a considerable amount of material on the bottom fauna which disclosed some peculiarities in the vertical distribution of the bottom communities off the East Antarctic Shelf. The bottom fauna, there, formed mainly mixed communities consisting mostly of fixed seston-feeders. A general uniformity (homogeneity) of submarine landscapes was noted at depths from 50-100 to 500-700 m. Making a comparison between the Arctic and the Antarctic basins, the author explains the difference in the composition and distribution o f the bottom communities in both basins as dependent on the peculiar structure o f the Antarctic shelf.
UYEDA, S., 1963. Recent geophysical investigations of the ocean bottom. (in Japanese; English abstract). J. Oceanogr. Soc., Jap., 20th Ann. Vol., 64-79. The development of new techniques for geophysical investigation of the ocean bottom, such as seismic reflection and refraction techniques, gravity meters, ship-towed magnetometers and the heat flow measuring device, is summarized in the first half of this review. The second half deals with some of the important results obtained by these new techniques on sea-mounts, atolls, the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, the transitional area between continental and oceanic crusts, magnetic anomalies in the ocean floor, the East Pacific Rise, trenches and island arcs. WALt., D., 1962. Evidence from Recent plankton regarding the biological affinities of Tasmanites Newton 1875 and Leiosphaeridia Eisenack 1958. Geol. Mag., 99 (4): 353-362. Following a brief survey of previous literature concerning microfossils of the genera Tasmanites Newton 1875 and Leiosphaeridia Eisenack 1958 (generally known as liospheres), two present day green algae are described (Pachysphaera pela,gica Ostenfeld 1899 and Halosphaera minor Ostenfeld 1899). These organisms are compared with members of the fossil genera reviewed above and on the basis o f this comparison it is concluded that the biological affinities of Tasmanites and some species of Leiosphaeridia lie with the Chlorophyceae. A possible mode of life is suggested for the fossils and the systematic position of the genera Tasmanites and Leiosphaeridia is reviewed but Jlot altered. WEISS, H. V., and M. -G. Lal, 1963. Cocrystallization of ultramicro quantities of elements with 2-mercaptobenzimidazole. Determination o f gold in sea water. Analyt. Chim. Acta, 28 (3): 242-248. The co-crystallization of ultramicro quantities of twenty-five diverse elements with 2-mercaptobenzimidazole was investigated with the aid of radiotracers. Under optimum conditions Sn, Hg, Ag, Ta and Au were recovered in high yield. Distribution coefficients between mother liquor and solid phase were calculated for gold and were found to vary inversely with the degree of crystallization and the hydrogen ion concentration. The co-crystallization process was applied to the isolation and subsequent determination o f the natural gold abundance in seawater. After radiometric correction for chemical yield, the concentration of gold was calculated to be 0-068 ~ 0.003 ~g/l. WEULS, J. B. J., 1963. Copepoda from the littoral region of the estuary of the river Exe (Devon, England). Crustaceana, 5 (1): 10-26. lm Eulittoral des Estuars des Flusses Exe wurden 96 Copepodenarten gefunden, darunter 22 Arten die for Grossbritannien neu sind. Eine neue Art, sowie die bisher unbekannten M~nnchen von 4 Arten und das Weibchen einer weiteren Art sind hier zum erstenmal beschrieben. Die Arbeit versucht eine Revision der Genera Rhizothrix, Adelopoda und To,phoema, und enth~ilt einen Bestimmungschliissel f/it die Gattungen Rhizothrix, Paramesochra und LeptopsyUus. WILCKENS, F., 1962. Anwendbarkeit yon Satellitenmessungen in der Ozeanographie. Deutsche
Hytbogr. Z., 15 (3): 93-102.
After a discussion of the general conditions for satellite measurements of the possibilities of oceanographic satellite observations by means o f television (state of the sea, sea ice) and radiation measurements (heat budget of the ocean, surface-temperature distribution) are outlined and supplemented with observations. The importance o f meteorological and geodetic satellite for oceanographic purposes is shown. The possibilities of applying satellite observations to future